Abstract: The present invention provides a better electromagnetic lens, a method for producing it and a lens antenna. The electromagnetic lens is a winded body made of a strip material. The dielectric constant of a dielectric material gradually changes in both a transverse direction and a longitudinal direction of the strip material. After the strip material is winded to be a winded body, the dielectric material is distributed in at least one artificially predetermined three-dimensional space range called a lens body inside the winded body. A part of the winded body besides the lens body is called a non-lens part. The dielectric constant of the lens body is not lower than that the dielectric constant of the non-lens part.

Abstract: A test apparatus includes a test antenna that is provided in an OTA chamber 50 and transmits or receives a radio signal to or from an antenna 110 of a DUT 100, and a measurement device that measures transmission characteristics or reception characteristics of the DUT 100 disposed in a quiet zone QZ, by using the test antenna. The test antenna includes a reflector reflection type test antenna 6a that transmits or receives a radio signal to or from the antenna 110 of the DUT via a reflector 7, and mirror reflection type test antennae 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, and 6f that transmits or receives a radio signal to or from the antenna 110 of the DUT via mirrors 9b to 9f.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a satellite antenna reflector includes a first surface area encompassing a first surface, where the first surface is formed to reflect a first radiated signal towards a first focal point. The reflector also includes a second surface area, encompassing a second surface, where the second surface area is formed to reflect a second radiated signal towards a second focal point. The first and second surfaces reflect the first and second radiated signals such that a first antenna gain and/or beamwidth of the reflected first radiated signal that would be received at the first focal point is the same as a second antenna gain and/or beamwidth of the reflected second radiated signal that would be received at the second focal point.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for two-way satellite communication and an asymmetric-aperture antenna for two-way satellite communication are disclosed. In one embodiment, a beam pattern for an asymmetric-aperture antenna is offset in a narrow beamwidth direction, and the offset beam pattern is directed by a mechanical gimbal, with the beam pattern offset made to reduce interference with an adjacent satellite. In additional embodiments, operational areas near the equator are identified for a given offset beam pattern, or a beam pattern offset may be adjusted over time to compensate for movement of the asymmetric-aperture antenna when attached to an airplane, boat, or other mobile vehicle.

Abstract: An antenna system includes unit cells arranged as an array of unit cells, each unit cell including at least one dual-polarized antenna element for operation in a first radio frequency (RF) range, and least one configured as an expanded diamond antenna element with first and second pairs of co-polarized radiating elements, the first and second pairs of co-polarized radiating elements having orthogonal polarizations. The unit cell for the at least one expanded diamond antenna element may have rectangular bounds, where first and second radiating elements of the first pair of co-polarized radiating elements are disposed in first opposite corners across a first diagonal of the rectangular bounds and within the rectangular bounds, and where first and second radiating elements of the second pair of co-polarized radiating elements are disposed in second opposite corners of the four corners across a second diagonal of the rectangular bounds and within the rectangular bounds.

Abstract: A base station antenna includes a first set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a first antenna beam that has a first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in an azimuth plane and a second set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a second antenna beam that has a second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane. A longitudinal axis of the first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane is rotated approximately ninety degrees from a longitudinal axis of the second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane.

Abstract: We disclose an electrically controllable RF-circuit element that includes an electrochromic material. In an example embodiment, the electrically controllable RF-circuit element is configured to operate as a phase shifter whose phase-shifting characteristics can be changed using a dc-bias voltage applied to a multilayered structure containing a layer of the electrochromic material.

Abstract: An omni antenna assembly includes two antennas, a dipole antenna and a monocone antenna, to provide full spherical coverage. The dipole cavity for the dipole antenna forms one solid part with the monocone antenna. The monocone antenna also includes a monocone and a cylindrical shell connecting the dipole cavity to the monocone. A coaxial transition extends from the cylindrical shell to a matching network. The antenna assembly may be fabricated using additive manufacturing technology.

Abstract: A base station antenna includes a first set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a first antenna beam that has a first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in an azimuth plane and a second set of radiating elements that are configured to generate a second antenna beam that has a second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane. A longitudinal axis of the first peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane is rotated approximately ninety degrees from a longitudinal axis of the second peanut-shaped antenna pattern in the azimuth plane.

Abstract: A phased-array antenna includes an antenna layer of a stacked printed circuit board, a ground plane layer of the stacked printed circuit board spaced apart from the antenna layer, and a first dielectric layer of the stacked printed circuit board disposed between and in opposed contact with the antenna layer and the ground plane layer. The antenna layer includes an associated metal patch pattern defined by a series of slots. The stacked printed circuit board defines a thickness extending between a top end of the stacked printed circuit board and a bottom end of the stacked printed circuit board. The phased-array antenna includes a series of ground vias extending between the top and bottom ends of the stacked printed circuit board. The ground vias are configured to suppress surface waves propagating across the stacked printed circuit board.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a positioning system is configured to position a plurality of antennas about a device under test (DUT). According to one embodiment, a positioning system includes a first positioner configured to hold a DUT and to provide motion of the DUT about a first axis, and a second positioner configured to hold a first antenna and to provide motion of the first antenna about a second axis.

Abstract: A Luneburg lens antenna device includes a Luneburg lens, a plurality of patch antennas, and a plurality of low-frequency antennas. The Luneburg lens is formed in a cylindrical shape and includes three dielectric layers having different dielectric constants and stacked on each other in the radial direction. The plurality of patch antennas respectively include ground electrodes which cover the outer peripheral surface of radiating elements, and form high-frequency MIMO antennas. The plurality of low-frequency antennas are monopole antennas using the ground electrodes, and form low-frequency MIMO antennas.

Abstract: A phase lag cell and an antenna including the same are disclosed. A phase lag cell according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plane reflector; a substrate spaced apart and positioned at a predetermined distance from the reflector; and a phase lag circuit formed at one side of the substrate such that L-shaped patterns are formed to be vertically and horizontally symmetrical around a cross-shaped slot, and a stub having a predetermined length is extended from the end of each L-shaped pattern.

Abstract: The system and method for using a wideband dielectric lens array to instantaneously and unambiguously determining azimuthal angle of arrival (AoA) of RF energy over a frequency bandwidth of greater than four octaves. By forming two omnidirectional modes with a constant and linear phase response versus azimuth respectively, the AoA of the incident RF signal can be determined unambiguously using a one or two channel receiver architecture that is capable of measuring the phase between the two modal outputs.

Abstract: Simultaneous transmission on a shared channel by a plurality of collocated radios is provided herein. The two or more radios are collocated with one another and are communicating with two far radios over a pair of long range wireless links. The two or more radios are configured to transmit and receive in synchronization with one another on a same channel. An off-axis response for each of the two or more radios is reduced compared to their on-axis response for improved signal to noise ratio, and the on-axis response the two or more radios are substantially equal to one another.

Abstract: A device includes a dielectric, wherein a front and a back of the dielectric for reflecting and transmitting an electromagnetic wave are defined by a first surface and a second surface, the first or second surface forming a half mirror, the first surface has a height that changes in spiral as leaving from the second surface, and the second surface has a height that changes in spiral as leaving from the first surface.

Abstract: The invention provides a lighting device (100) and a luminaire (200). The lighting device comprises a light emitter (110) thermally connected to a heat sink (120). The lighting device further comprises a communication circuit (130) which is coupled to the heat sink for transmitting and/or receiving a communication signal. The heat sink is electrically conductive and comprising an opening (151) having dimensions for constituting an aperture antenna (150) for a particular frequency for directionally transmitting and/or receiving the communication signal of the particular frequency via the heat sink. In the embodiment shown, the lighting device comprises an aperture antenna (150) and a further aperture antenna (160).

Abstract: An antenna system including: an input port configured to receive tracking mode signals, in two orthogonal polarizations, from a target; a tracking coupler, configured to receive the tracking mode signals from the input port, the tracking coupler including: a first pair of opposed slot couplers configured to extract tracking signals from the tracking mode signals in a first one of the orthogonal polarizations, and a second pair of opposed slot couplers configured to extract tracking signals from the tracking mode signals in a second one of the orthogonal polarizations; and a tracking combiner network configured to combine the extracted tracking signals from the pairs of opposed slot couplers to generate tracking output signals for use in controlling the antenna system to track the target.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for modifying an electromagnetic beam. A metamaterial structure is positioned relative to a transmitting device such that an electromagnetic beam transmitted by the transmitting device passes through the metamaterial structure. The electromagnetic beam has a wavefront with a Gaussian intensity profile. The wavefront of the electromagnetic beam is modified as the electromagnetic beam passes through the metamaterial structure such that the Gaussian intensity profile of the wavefront is changed to a Bessel intensity profile.

Abstract: A lensed antenna system is provided. The lensed antenna system includes a first column of radiating elements having a first longitudinal axis and a first azimuth angle, and, optionally, a second column of radiating elements having a second longitudinal axis and a second azimuth angle, and a radio frequency lens. The radio frequency lens has a third longitudinal axis. The radio frequency lens is disposed such that the longitudinal axes of the first and second columns of radiating elements are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the radio frequency lens, and such that the azimuth angles of the beams produced by the columns of radiating elements are directed at the radio frequency lens. The multiple beam antenna system further includes a radome housing the columns of radiating elements and the radio frequency lens. There may be more or fewer than two columns of radiating elements.

Abstract: An apparatus having multiple mushroom structures is disclosed. Each of the multiple mushroom structures includes: a ground plate; a patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of a distance to the ground plate, wherein a distance between a ground plate and a patch in a certain mushroom structure is different from a distance between a ground plate and a patch in a different mushroom structure.

Abstract: An antenna configuration for emitting high-energy microwave pulses has a first flat electrode and a second flat electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being able to be connected to a generator for producing an excitation pulse. The antenna configuration further has a multiplicity of radiation elements which connect the first electrode and the second electrode to one another, and semiconductor diodes which are provided in the region of the radiation elements and turn on as of a particular breakdown voltage and thus make it possible for the antenna to emit a pulsed overall pulse.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a web of a plurality of conductive structures which may be used for example to produce an antenna, electronic circuit, photovoltaic module or the like. The method involved simultaneously patterning at least one pattern in a conductive layer using a plurality of registration marks. The registration marks serve to align and guide the creation of the plurality of conductive structures. Optical brighteners may also be utilized within the adhesive layer and the registration marks of the present invention in order to detect the location where conductive structures are to be placed.

Abstract: An apparatus having multiple mushroom structures is disclosed. Each of the multiple mushroom structures includes: a ground plate; a patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of a distance to the ground plate, wherein a distance between a ground plate and a patch in a certain mushroom structure is different from a distance between a ground plate and a patch in a different mushroom structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multibeam source for a multibeam antenna, the source comprising a plurality of identical basic sources, such that the basic sources are combined into identical subnetworks around a central basic source, each subnetwork forming a beam, and such that two adjacent subnetworks comprise at least one common basic source, wherein the source includes: a supply and polarization stage for supplying power to the central basic sources and polarizing the electromagnetic field at the accesses of the central basic sources; and a stage for distributing the power from the central basic sources among the basic sources of the corresponding subnetwork and those common to a plurality of subnetworks according to a predetermined amplitude law.

Abstract: Disclosed is an offset feed satellite television antenna comprising a metamaterial panel (100) arranged behind a feed (1). The metamaterial panel (100) comprises a core layer (10) and a reflective panel (200) arranged on a lateral surface of the core layer (10). The core layer (10) comprises at least one core layer lamella (11). The core layer lamella (11) can be divided into multiple belt areas on the basis of refractive indexes. With a fixed point as a center, the refractive indexes on the multiple belt areas are identical at a same radius, while the refractive indexes on each belt area decrease gradually as the radius increases. For two adjacent belt areas, the minimum value of the refractive indexes of the inner belt area is less than the maximum value of the refractive indexes of the outer belt area. A connection between the center and the feed (1) is perpendicular to the core layer lamella (11), while the center does not overlap the center of the core layer lamella (11).

Abstract: A front feed microwave antenna, which comprises a radiation source, a first metamaterial panel used for radiating an electromagnetic wave emitted by the radiation source, a second metamaterial panel, and a reflective panel affixed to the back of the first metamaterial panel. The electromagnetic wave is emitted via the first metamaterial panel, refracted by entering the second metamaterial panel, reflected by the reflective panel, and finally re-refracted by reentering the second metamaterial panel, then finally parallel-emitted. Employment of the principle of metamaterial for manufacturing the antenna allows the antenna to break away from restrictions of conventional concave lens shape, convex lens shape, and parabolic shape, thereby allowing the shape of the antenna to be panel-shaped or any shape as desired, while allowing for reduced thickness, reduced size, facilitated processing and manufacturing, reduced costs, and improved gain effect.

Abstract: An apparatus having multiple mushroom structures is disclosed. Each of the multiple mushroom structures including: a ground plate; a first patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of a distance to the ground plate; and a second patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of another distance to the ground plate, which another distance being different from the distance from the first patch to the ground plate, wherein the second patch is a passive element which is capacitatively coupled with at least the first patch.

Abstract: An apparatus having multiple mushroom structures is disclosed. Each of the multiple mushroom structures includes: a ground plate; a first patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of a distance to the ground plate; and a second patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of another distance to the ground plate, which another distance being different from the distance from the first patch to the ground plate, wherein the second patch is a passive element which is capacitatively coupled with at least the first patch.

Abstract: A transmitter supporting multiple-input, multiple-output communications is provided. The transmitter includes a signal processor, a plurality of feed elements, and an aperture. The signal processor is configured to simultaneously receive a plurality of digital data streams and to transform the received plurality of digital data streams into a plurality of analog signals. The number of the plurality of digital data streams is selected for transmission to a single receive antenna based on a determined transmission environment. The plurality of feed elements are configured to receive the plurality of analog signals, and in response, to radiate a plurality of radio waves toward the aperture. The aperture is configured to receive the radiated plurality of radio waves, and in response, to radiate a second plurality of radio waves toward the single receive antenna.

Abstract: A beam-shaping element is provided to shape RF feed energy for reflector-based antennas. The RF beam-shaping element is located between the primary reflector and the antenna feed and configured to direct RF energy from the feed away from a blockage created by the feed itself towards unblocked regions of the primary reflector. The beam-shaping element allows for a simplified feed design. The feed may comprise one or more feed elements, each comprising a radiating element and a feed to the radiating element such as a cavity-backed slot radiator and stripline trace. In a monopulse tracking system, each quadrant may include only a single feed element. In common aperture systems, the RF beam-shaping element may be formed on only the rear surface of the secondary reflector that allows transmission at the predefined RF wavelength while reflecting energy of a second predetermined wavelength to another sensor.

Abstract: A gradient index lens for electromagnetic radiation includes a dielectric substrate, a plurality of conducting patches supported by the dielectric substrate, the conducting patches preferably being generally square shaped and having an edge length, the edge length of the conducting patches varying with position on the dielectric substrate so as to provide a gradient index for the electromagnetic radiation. Examples include gradient index lenses for millimeter wave radiation, and use with antenna systems.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for avoiding pattern blockage due to scatter from an object in which an artificial surface directs the energy from the antenna prior to arriving at a blocking structure such that either the wave fronts of the energy are linear when they arrive at the blocking structure or the phase of the energy incident on the object is adjusted such that the energy reflected from the object is in phase with energy directly from the antenna radiating elsewhere in the far field pattern, or both.

Abstract: An apparatus having multiple mushroom structures is disclosed. Each of the multiple mushroom structures includes: a ground plate; a first patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of a distance to the ground plate; and a second patch provided parallel to the ground plate with a separation of another distance to the ground plate, which another distance being different from the distance from the first patch to the ground plate, wherein the second patch is a passive element which is capacitatively coupled with at least the first patch.

Abstract: A conformal lens-reflector antenna system in which a radio frequency (RF) reflector is disposed in a depression in a raised portion of a dielectrical RF lens. The RF reflector can be shaped to reflect RF signals between an RF feed path to the lens and a body of the lens that extends generally laterally away from the raised portion. RF signals having a frequency within a resonant frequency range of the lens can be directed along the RF feed path to the reflector, which can reflect the RF signals into the body of the lens from which the RF signals can radiate. Similarly, RF signals in the resonant frequency range of the lens in space near the lens can resonate in the lens, and the reflector can reflect those signals down the RF feed path.

Abstract: A communications system includes a satellite hub, a remote satellite terminal, and a satellite configured to provide communications therebetween. The remote terminal includes a controller that functions as an enforcement mechanism when adjusting antenna polarization on the remote satellite terminal to facilitate communications with the satellite. The satellite transmits an acquisition signal at a first satellite polarization angle, and a jamming signal at a second satellite polarization angle different from the first satellite polarization angle. If the polarization is not set correctly, then the jamming signal is not filtered by a narrow width null of the receive gain pattern at the remote satellite terminal, and the controller inhibits transmission. This forces an installer to correctly set the polarization of the antenna at the remote satellite terminal.

Abstract: A method for accurately guiding millimeter-waves includes the following steps: Filtering millimeter-waves by applying the millimeter-waves at a first shape aperture of a filter waveguide, resulting in filtered millimeter-waves exiting a second shape aperture of the filter waveguide. Transporting the filtered millimeter-waves over a distance of between 9 centimeters and 25 centimeters, by applying the filtered millimeter-waves to an extruded waveguide having a length of between 9 centimeters and 25, and having a cavity featuring a cross-section that is accurate to within +/?0.05 millimeters throughout the length of the extruded waveguide, resulting in transported millimeter-waves. And producing, on a reflector, an illumination pattern that is accurate to a degree that allows conforming to a first level of radiation pattern accuracy, by applying the transported millimeter-waves at a focal point of the reflector.

Abstract: A rotational antenna includes a stationary feed which is disposed in a substantially vertical orientation. A parabolic dish is rotationally mounted about the stationary feed in a state of being tipped with respect to the stationary, substantially vertically oriented feed. The rotational parabolic antenna may alternatively be provided with a rotating radio frequency (RF) and acoustic feed. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A radio communication system according to the present invention includes a scatterer configured to reflect, refract, or transmit a radio wave radiated primarily from a transmission side apparatus to radiate the radio wave secondarily to a desired area and a metamaterial is used for the scatterer.

Abstract: A technique to extend antenna coverage pattern of a planar antenna array. In one instance a reflector is disposed above the planar antenna array and in another instance a lens element is disposed above the planar antenna array. The reflection or refraction of RF signals allows antenna coverage pattern to be extended in a horizontal direction parallel to the planar surface of the antenna array and beyond a coverage pattern that is typically not available, without such reflection or refraction of the RF signal.

Abstract: A radar sensor includes a housing of radar-transmissive material, a circuit board in the housing, first and second antennas of several patch elements on the same or opposite surfaces of the circuit board, and a metal or metallized support supporting a rear surface of the circuit board. The first antenna has a beam axis that extends out through a front of the housing at an angle in a range from 45° to 90° relative to the circuit board plane. The sensor further includes a beam deflection structure arranged within the housing to deflect a beam axis of the second antenna out through the housing at an angle in a range from 0° to 45° relative to the circuit board plane.

Abstract: The housing of a portable radar unit includes features for providing positioning of auxiliary handles between a first position and a second position, in which: the first position places the auxiliary handles in a position to act as handgrips in conjunction with integral handles and the second position places the auxiliary handles at an angle to the integral handles, so that the radar unit can be held with one hand and supported by a forearm of the same hand. Rotation of each auxiliary handle about a pivot moves the auxiliary handle between the first position and the second position; and a friction mechanism resists the rotation so that the auxiliary handle tends to stay in position until purposefully moved. The housing also includes internal space for housing a radar antenna, a reflector, and a mechanism for adjusting distance between the reflector and the antenna for tuning performance of the antenna.

Abstract: A multiple beam reflector antenna includes at least one reflector, a plurality of feed horns for feeding the at least one reflector, and a metamaterial lens interposed between the plurality of feed horns and the at least one reflector. The metamaterial lens may provide an overlapping element distribution from at least two feed horns of the plurality of feed horns. In one embodiment, the metamaterial lens has an index of refraction between about zero and about one.

Abstract: A ground based avian radar receive antenna is implemented using a vertically oriented offset parabolic cylindrical antenna. The desired azimuth beamwidth is determined by the width of the parabolic cylinder reflector surface and the desired elevation beamwidth by the height of the parabolic cylinder reflector surface. A vertical array of antenna elements is mounted along the vertical focal line to provide electronic scanning in elevation. Low sidelobe levels are obtained using tapered antenna element illumination. Low cost modular construction with high reflector accuracy is obtained by attaching a thin metal reflector to thin ribs machined or stamped in the shape of the parabolic cylinder reflector surface. The antenna is enclosed in a radome and mechanically rotated 360 degrees in azimuth.

Abstract: A rotational antenna includes a stationary feed which is disposed in a substantially vertical orientation. A parabolic dish is rotationally mounted about the stationary feed in a state of being tipped with respect to the stationary, substantially vertically oriented feed. The rotational parabolic antenna may alternatively be provided with a rotating radio frequency (RF) and acoustic feed. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag assembly and method of manufacturing the assembly including an RFID semiconductor chip having an antenna interface mounted on a mounting substrate and having a predetermined operating frequency, a conductor coupled to the antenna interface and formed on the mounting substrate, an antenna electrically coupled to the conductor having a first radiating element lying in a first plane and a second radiating element lying in a second plane that is at an angle relative to the first plane, and an enclosure having a body with a cavity dimensioned for receiving the mounting substrate and RFID semiconductor chip, the conductor, and the first and second radiating elements, the mounting substrate being positioned proximate to the closed end of the cavity and a seal for closing the opening and sealing the cavity.

Abstract: A microwave alignment apparatus is operable to align an electromagnetic wave in the microwave range. The microwave alignment apparatus includes a focusing device operable to focus the electromagnetic wave. The microwave alignment apparatus also includes a mounting device operable to mount and/or hold the focusing device. The microwave alignment apparatus is formed as a single integral body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radio communication system configured to secondarily-radiate, to a desired area by reflection, primarily-radiated radio waves from a transmitter apparatus, by using a reflector plate for controlling phases of reflected waves, wherein a reflecting property of the reflector plate is set so that the reflector plate reflects the primarily-radiated radio waves as plane waves of equal phase directed to a direction different from a reflection angle in the case of specular reflection.

Abstract: A displaced feed antenna which has a spaced conducting plate construction that incorporates electronically selectable feed points with associated antenna beam positions, and which comprises (i) a set of one or more beamforming configurations composed of layered, interlinking spaced conducting plates and conducting boundaries that are separated by cavities containing dielectric material or free space; (ii) a set of one or more internal focusing devices for each beamforming configuration to route radio frequency energy to or from the displaced feed points in receive and transmit modes respectively; (iii) a linear or curved array of displaced feeds for each beamforming configuration for coupling radio frequency energy into, or from, the cavity between the plates; (iv) a selection device to allow definable overlapping regions of the focussing devices to be illuminated for each beamforming configuration; and (v) array elements for each beamforming configuration between spaced conducting plates to free space, allow

Abstract: There is disclosed reflect array including a dielectric substrate having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may support a first array of phasing elements and a second array of phasing element, where the elements of the first array have a first shape and the elements of the second array may have a second shape different from the first shape. The second surface may support a conductive layer.