Abstract: An object is built by depositing a mat on a build surface and utilizing a manufacturing process to position a structure over at least a portion of the mat to define an object. The object is removed from the build surface such that a first portion of the mat removed with the object is bonded to the structure, and a second portion of the mat removed with the object is unsupported by the structure. Alternatively, an object can be built by printing a conductive material over a surface to define a structure and utilizing the conductive material as a collector to control an electric field deposition over the structure to define an object where a first portion of the deposition is bonded to the structure and a second portion of the deposition is unsupported by the structure.

Abstract: Content presented on a display screen is updated responsive to a user input. Content is retrieved and segmented into bands that are rendered onto the display screen incrementally to provide a visual effect similar to an animation. A band is rendered at a starting location and after a refresh interval passes a subsequent band is rendered at a second starting location. The bands may be rendered until the content is shown on the display screen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backplate including a first plate coupled to the rear surface of a flexible display panel, a second plate disposed opposite the first plate while being spaced apart therefrom, and an elastic part disposed between the first plate and the second plate and configured to resiliently change a distance between the first plate and the second plate. The present disclosure further provides a rollable display device including a flexible display panel, a backplate coupled to the rear surface of the flexible display panel, and a case accommodating a roller configured to roll or unroll the flexible display panel and the backplate together and having therein an entrance through which the flexible display panel and the backplate are introduced into or drawn out of the case. When the flexible display panel and the backplate are rolled around the roller, the backplate is gradually reduced in thickness.

Abstract: A vehicular electrochromic rearview mirror assembly includes a base for attaching at a vehicle, a mirror casing at the base, and a mirror reflective element sub-assembly at the mirror casing and including an electrochromic (EC) cell and an EC driving circuit. The EC driving circuit includes a fixed voltage switching regulator for providing voltage to a power input of the EC cell, a drive transistor connected to an output of the fixed voltage switching regulator for switching the provided voltage on and off, a protection diode connected to the drive transistor and the EC cell, a bleach transistor connected to the power input of the EC cell and to ground, and a controller connected to the fixed voltage switching regulator, the drive transistor, and the bleach transistor. The controller controls the fixed voltage switching regulator, the drive transistor, and the bleach transistor to control the voltage provided to the EC cell.

Abstract: An electrochemical device is disclosed. The electrochemical device includes a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer overlying the first transparent conductive layer, a counter electrode layer overlying the electrochromic layer, a second transparent conductive layer, and a switching speed parameter of not greater than 0.68 s/mm at 23° C.

Abstract: The present application provides a multi-color smart Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) film and an in-vehicle smart film structure, wherein the PDLC film comprises a protective film, a front conductive film, a back conductive film, an intermediate member and a control circuit; the inner side surface of the front conductive film is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the intermediate member, the inner side surface of the back conductive film is adhered and fixed to the back surface of the intermediate member, two ports of the control circuit are electrically connected to the front conductive film and the back conductive film, respectively, the control circuit is configured to control whether the front conductive film and the back conductive film are conductive.

Abstract: Various embodiments related to an electronic device and a method for controlling sensitivity of a sensor on the basis of window attributes are described. According to an embodiment, an electronic device may include: a housing; a window cover housed in the housing, in which an attribute of at least a partial area may be changed via an electrical control on the basis of at least one attribute; at least one sensor disposed below at least the partial area; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to identify control information related to an operation of changing the attribute of at least the partial area on the basis of the at least one attribute, to determine a sensitivity related to the at least one sensor corresponding to the at least one attribute at least on the basis of the control information, and to acquire peripheral information of the exterior of the electronic device by using the at least one sensor, at least on the basis of the determined sensitivity.

Abstract: A dual rail driver for an electrochromic device is provided. The dual rail driver includes a power supply having a first power supply rail and a second power supply rail and an H bridge connected to the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail and configurable to couple to an electrochromic device. The dual rail driver includes a controller coupled to the H bridge through a failsafe module and configurable to control switches of the H bridge to charge and discharge the electrochromic device from the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail. The failsafe module is configurable to override one or more signals from the controller that controls the switches of the H bridge through the failsafe module, responsive to detecting anomaly of the electrochromic device.

Abstract: In a display apparatus provided with an electrophoresis layer, such a display apparatus capable of operating a driving electrode for use in displaying an image as an electrode for use in detecting an input position is provided. A display apparatus includes: a substrate; another substrate that is disposed so as to face the substrate; an electrophoresis layer sandwiched between the substrate and another substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the substrate; and a plurality of driving electrodes formed on another substrate. An electric field is formed between each of the plurality of pixel electrodes and each of the plurality of driving electrodes, so that an image is displayed, and an input position is detected based on an electrostatic capacitance of each of the plurality of driving electrodes.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes an optically active layer having an optical property that can be altered by application of electrical power to the optically active layer and a conductive structure that is configured to supply the electrical power to the optically active layer. The conductive structure includes patterned conductive elements that cooperate with the optically active layer to define electrochromic cells.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a microfluidic device, which comprises a substrate with a channel defined therein, on an upper surface of the substrate, wherein a bottom wall of the channel comprises several contiguous steps having an asymmetric profile along a main direction of the channel, so as to form a ratchet topography. The device further comprises a lid, opposite to and at a distance from the upper surface of the substrate, so as to face the bottom wall of the channel. The bottom wall and the lid are designed to allow like sign charges to accumulate thereat, in presence of a polar liquid confined in the channel between the bottom wall and the lid, so as to allow displacement of nanoscale particles in the polar liquid, along said main direction of the channel, under application of an alternating force to said nanoscale particles, in operation of the device.

Abstract: A method for driving a display having a plurality of pixels, where each pixel is capable of displaying a first color or a second color and is sandwiched between a first electrode and a pixel electrode, the method including applying a driving sequence which includes: (a) for a first time period, applying a first voltage potential between the first electrode and each of the pixel electrodes of a first group of pixels, and applying no voltage potential between the first electrode and each of the pixel electrodes of a second group of pixels of the second color, thereby causing the display device to display an image of the first color with a background of the second color; and (b) for a second time period, applying no voltage potential between the first electrode and each of the pixel electrodes of the first group of pixels, and applying a second voltage potential to each of the pixel electrodes corresponding to the second group of pixels, to clear the onetime image created in step (a).

Abstract: According to an aspect, a display device includes a display unit, an illumination unit, a measurement unit, and a control unit. When pixels that are expected to perform display output at identical luminance are adjacent to each other in adjacent partial regions, and when a difference in the intensity of the internal light between light emitting regions corresponding to the adjacent partial regions is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold, the control unit performs correction to increase luminance of a predetermined number of pixels belonging to a first partial region corresponding to a first light emitting region the intensity of the internal light from which is lower among the adjacent partial regions. The predetermined number of pixels are located closer to a second partial region corresponding to a second light emitting region the intensity of the internal light from which is higher among the adjacent partial regions.

Abstract: The usage of a new key on an existing keyboard that would have the symbol of a lock on it that when used in conjunction with other keys, such as, an alphabetical key, a number key, a symbol key, and/or an alpha character key when clicked would result in showing a color keyboard on an existing cellular telephone or mobile device would help the user or owner of the telephone to create or type a complicated password to gain access to the various functions of the cellular device.

Abstract: A driver for an electrochromic element is configured to adjust the transmittance of a solution-type electrochromic element to allow the element to display a tone. The element has a pair of electrodes and at least one organic electrochromic material mixed between the electrodes. The driver has an adjusting controller configured to adjust the transmittance of the element. The adjusting controller has controller A and controller B. Controller A is configured to saturate a change in the transmittance of the element to an initial state by applying the voltage which resets the element to the initial state. Controller B is configured to control the tone of the element by applying the voltage which adjusts the transmittance of the element following controller A.

Abstract: A depth camera assembly (DCA) determines depth information for a scene in a field of view of the DCA. The DCA includes a structured light (SL) illuminator, a camera, and a controller. The SL illuminator includes a source assembly, a SL element, a liquid crystal (LC) array, and a polarizer. The source assembly generates light, and the SL element generates a SL pattern using the generated light source. The LC array includes a plurality of addressable cells configured to polarize the SL pattern in accordance with adjustment instructions. The polarizer attenuates portions of the SL pattern based on the polarization of the portions of the SL pattern. The camera captures an image of the SL pattern, and the controller identifies portions of the image that are saturated and generates adjustment instructions based in part on the identified portions of the image, and provides the adjustment instructions to the LC array.

Abstract: An electrochromic dimming device is provided. The electrochromic dimming device includes an electrochromic element, a color development power source, a color discharge powder source, and a variable resistance. The color development power source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element develops color. The color discharge powder source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element discharges color. The variable resistance is disposed on a first current path without being disposed on a second current path. The first current path is formed from the color development power source through a ground via the electrochromic element, and the second current path is formed from the color discharge power source to the ground via the electrochromic element.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-emitting device includes preparing a supporting substrate forming a porous layer on or above the supporting substrate, the porous layer being an organic material layer and containing a plurality of pores, and forming a transparent substrate on or above the porous layer. The method further includes forming a light-emitting element on or above the transparent substrate, breaking the porous layer at a portion inside the porous layer or at an interface between the supporting substrate and the porous layer, and separating the supporting substrate from the transparent substrate while at least part of the broken porous layer is attached to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: An electrochromic system and method for controlling photochromic darkening of an electrochromic device, the system including an EC device, a control unit, a voltage detector, and a power supply. The EC device includes a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a solid-state polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween. The control unit is configured to control a sweep voltage applied between the working and counter electrodes, such that the sweep voltage is applied when an open circuit voltage (OCV) between the working and counter electrodes is less than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A flexible display device including a display panel including a first space area and a second space area; a touch panel disposed on the display panel to sense a touch signal; a first sensor disposed on the touch panel in the first space area and configured to sense a first coordinate signal for the first space area; a second sensor disposed on the touch panel in the second space area and configured to sense a second coordinate signal for the second space area; and a driving control unit configured to calculate a folding angle between the first space area and the second space area based on the first and second coordinate signals and calculate a coordinate of a touch point based on the touch signal.

Abstract: A window control system is provided that includes a plurality of electro-optic windows each having a variable transmittance level, a portable control unit for generating wireless control signals for controlling the transmittance level of the electro-optic windows, and a plurality of window control circuits each coupled to a respective one of the electro-optic windows and each having a transceiver for receiving the wireless control signals from the portable control unit. Each window control circuit is configured to adjust the transmittance level of the respective one of the electro-optic windows in response to a wireless control signal received by the transceiver from the portable control unit.

Abstract: A 3D grating, a color filter substrate, a display device and a control method thereof are provided. The 3D grating comprises: a first transparent electrode layer; a second transparent electrode layer; and an electrochromic material layer formed between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer; wherein the first transparent electrode layer comprises a pattern of strip-shaped electrodes, which comprises a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes and an electrode wire electrically connected with each of the strip-shaped electrodes in the pattern; and wherein the electrochromic material layer is configured to be non-transparent when it is in an electric field and to be transparent when it is not in an electric field, or the electrochromic material layer is configured to be transparent when it is in an electric field and to be non-transparent when it is not in an electric field.

Abstract: An optical device, having an active matrix, containing polymer dispersed liquid crystals, guest-host liquid crystals, suspended particles and/or polymer stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals, the active high transmissive mode has at least 40% of incoming light transmitted through the optical device and in low transmissive mode less than 40% of incoming light transmitted through the optical device, the active matrix is switchable between high transmissive mode and low transmissive mode. The optical device containing a fail-safe mechanism, which is capable to switch the active matrix from a low transmissive mode in a high transmissive mode without the power of an applied grid. The optical device has a fail-safe mechanism comprising at least one battery and a controller.

Abstract: A flexible display device including: a flexible display; a first sensor configured to sense an exposed area of the display which is exposed in a rolled state of the display; a second sensor configured to sense a user grip area within the exposed area, the user grip area corresponding to a user grip; and a controller configured to, in response to the exposed area and the user grip area being sensed, control the display to display a screen on the exposed area excluding the user grip area.

Abstract: To prevent damage in an electro-optical device that uses electrochromic material. The device includes electro-optical elements and a driving device that applies a driving voltage to the electro-optical elements. The driving device applies a first DC voltage of a positive polarity that cyclically repeats a first voltage and a second voltage that is lower than the first voltage, or a second DC voltage of a negative polarity that cyclically repeats a third voltage and a fourth voltage that is higher than the third voltage, to the electro-optical elements. According to the driving device, when the first DC voltage is applied to one and the second DC voltage is applied to the other electro-optical elements adjacent in the planar view, the first and the second DC voltages are supplied by time division so that the applied period of the first voltage and the third voltage do not overlap.

Abstract: In one general aspect, a computing device can include a base, and a lid coupled to the base. The lid can house a display section including a first side and a second side. The display section can include a display device having a first side and a second side. The first side of the display device can be located on the first side of the display section and the second side of the display device can be located on the second side of the display section. An enclosure can surround the display device. The enclosure can include a fluid, a plurality of particles suspended in the fluid, and a layer of circuitry disposed on a surface of the enclosure. The computing device can be configured to control movement of the particles within the fluid by applying an electric field to the layer of circuitry.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided for fabrication of a semitransparent conductive mesh. A first solution having conductive nanowires suspended therein and a second solution having nanoparticles suspended therein are sprayed toward a substrate, the spraying forming a mist. The mist is processed, while on the substrate, to provide a semitransparent conductive material in the form of a mesh having the conductive nanowires and nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are configured and arranged to direct light passing through the mesh. Connections between the nanowires provide conductivity through the mesh.

Abstract: Various exemplary devices and methods are provided for adjusting brightness of a light source. In general, the devices and methods can allow brightness of a light source to be adjusted by varying a power supply of the light source. The power supply can be varied in response to a user input. In one exemplary embodiment, the light source can be included as part of a scope, e.g., a borescope, an endoscope, etc., configured to be advanced into a target and to gather one or more video images and/or one or more still images within the target using a camera. The light source can be configured to illuminate the target at a selected one of the variable amounts of brightness. A white balance of the light source can be configured to automatically adjust in response to the selected amount of brightness.

Abstract: An electrowetting display comprises a first support plate and a second support plate, pixel regions between the first support plate and the second support plate, and two walls on the first support plate that delineate the pixel regions from one another. The two walls are separated by a gap. The electrowetting display further comprises an electrolyte solution between the first support plate and the second support plate and in the gap that separates the two walls.

Abstract: A variable transparency glass and an apparatus for adjusting a transparency variable glass are provided. The transparency variable glass includes a first transparent plate that has a first electrode part formed on an inner surface thereof and a second transparent plate that has a second electrode part formed on an inner surface thereof. In addition, a variable transmission layer is disposed between the first transparent plate and the second transparent plate.

Abstract: A window assembly comprises a plurality of dynamic electrochromic zones formed on a single transparent substrate in which at least two electrochromic zones are independently controllable. In one exemplary embodiment, the window assembly comprises an Insulated Glass Unit (IGU), and at least one transparent substrate comprises a lite. In another exemplary embodiment, the IGU comprises at least two lites in which at least one lite comprises a plurality of independently controllable dynamic zones.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display apparatus driving method that allows DC balance to be achieved and reduces variations in size and color tone of a displayed image that may occur in a partial-screen drive method and related apparatus are provided. The drive method includes a first image display step (S2) of displaying a first image in a first color on a display section, a first image adjustment step (S3) of displaying a background of the first image in a second color, a first image deletion step (S4) of displaying the background of the first image in the first color, a second image display step (S12) of displaying a background of a second image in the second color, a second image adjustment step (S13) of displaying the second image in the first color, and a second image deletion step (S14) of displaying the second image in the second color.

Abstract: A method of changing a light transmittance of a head-mounted display device and the head-mounted device are provided. The method of changing a light transmittance of a head-mounted display device includes detecting an illuminance; determining an application displayed on a display unit of the head-mounted display device; determining a first light transmittance corresponding to the illuminance and the application; and changing a second light transmittance of a light transmission unit of the head-mounted display device to the determined first light transmittance.

Abstract: In a display device having a display area in which a plurality of pixels are formed to display an image, each of the plurality of pixels includes a brightness control layer that controls brightness of the pixel by light emission, and a light emission color control layer that controls a light emission color in the pixel by controlling a transmission wavelength band of a light emitted from the brightness control layer to be transmitted, and a light emission color control signal for controlling the transmission wavelength band to control the light emission color in the pixel is input to the light emission color control layer in each pixel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for managing the display of content on a display screen (110) of an electronic device (100). According to certain aspects, a sensor (119) or a set of a plurality of sensors (225) generate image data corresponding to a user viewing the device. Further, in one embodiment, a film (111) generates electrical signals corresponding to a shape or configuration of the display screen. The electronic device can calculate a distortion parameter based on the electrical signals. In another embodiment, an additional set of the plurality of sensors generates image data, from which the electronic device can calculate the distortion parameter. The electronic device generates processed image data based on the viewing position and the distortion parameter, and displays the processed image data on the display screen in such a way that the content appears oriented and proportioned to the user viewing the display screen.

Abstract: Problems exist in areas such as image visibility, endurance of the device, precision, miniaturization, and electric power consumption in an information device having a conventional resistive film method or optical method pen input function. Both EL elements and photoelectric conversion elements are arranged in each pixel of a display device in an information device of the present invention having a pen input function. Information input is performed by the input of light to the photoelectric conversion elements in accordance with a pen that reflects light by a pen tip. An information device with a pen input function, capable of displaying a clear image without loss of brightness in the displayed image, having superior endurance, capable of being miniaturized, and having good precision can thus be obtained.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes: first and second substrates; an electrophoretic layer which is interposed between the first and second substrates; and a third substrate which is disposed opposite the first substrate with the second substrate interposed therebetween, which is joined to the first substrate with a sealing member interposed therebetween, and which seals the electrophoretic layer with the second substrate interposed therebetween. The first and third substrates have extension sections extending with respect to the second substrate in a plan view. The sealing member fills a part of a gap between the extension section of the first substrate and the extension section of the third substrate, and the sealing member does not come into contact with an outer edge of the third substrate.

Abstract: An electrochromic display device includes a display substrate, a counter substrate facing the display substrate, counter electrodes arranged on the counter substrate, an electrolyte layer arranged between the display substrate and the counter electrodes, display electrodes separately arranged from one another between the display substrate and the counter electrodes, electrochromic layers to develop or reduce a color by redox reactions, the electrochromic layers being formed on the respective display electrodes arranged such that the electrochromic layers face the set of the counter electrodes, a voltage applying unit to select one of the display electrodes to connect the selected display electrode and the counter electrodes to apply a voltage between the connected display electrode and counter electrodes, a disconnecting unit to disconnect the unselected display electrodes from the counter electrodes, and an interelectrode connecting unit to connect the display electrodes.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display apparatus includes a first substrate and a second substrate; an electrophoretic layer that is allocated between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a first electrode and a second electrode that are each formed in an island shape, for each pixel, at the electrophoretic layer side of the first substrate, and are mutually independently driven. The first and second electrodes form a comb-teeth shaped electrode in a plan view, which include a plurality of branch portions and a trunk portion combining the plurality of branch portions, and each of first ones of the branch portions, which are located at respective edge portions of a pixel area, has a width smaller than a width of each of second ones of the branch portions, which are branch portions other than the first branch portions.

Abstract: An electro-optic display has a plurality of pixels, each of which is capable of displaying two extreme optical states and at least one intermediate gray level. Each pixel is driven from an initial intermediate gray level to one extreme optical state and thence to a first desired intermediate gray level, so producing a first image on the display. The pixel then remains at this first desired intermediate gray level for a finite length of time. The pixel is then driven from this first desired intermediate gray level to the opposed extreme optical state and thence to a second desired intermediate gray level, so producing a second image on the display.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing, a display module, and a touch panel. On the housing, an opening is formed. The display module is fixed to the inside of the housing in such a way that a display surface faces the side of the opening. The touch panel is placed to be opposed to the display surface of the display module via a first elastic member placed on the display surface of the display module, and is fixed to the housing via a second elastic member placed on the housing. Hardness of the first elastic member is higher than that of the second elastic member.

Abstract: A controller or control method may be designed or configured to operate without information about the current temperature of the device and/or the device's environment. Further, in some cases, the controller or control method is designed or configured to control transition of an optical device to an intermediated state between two end states. For example, the controller may be configured to control a transition to a state of transmissivity that is intermediate between two end states of transmissivity. In such case, the device has three or more stable states of transmissivity.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display device includes forming partition walls for defining a plurality of pixel regions on a lower substrate; filling charged particles into the plurality of pixel regions; filling a pixel solvent in the plurality of pixel regions having been filled with the charged particles; and attaching the lower substrate and an upper substrate to each other.

Abstract: An incandescent light source display includes a container and a number of incandescent light sources. The incandescent light sources are located in the container. Each of the incandescent light sources includes a first electrode, a second electrode and an incandescent element. The second electrode is spaced from the first electrode. The incandescent element is electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. The incandescent element includes a carbon nanotube structure.

Abstract: A display driver circuit configured to be shared by three grey-scale voltage generators to be respectively used with red (R), green (G) and blue (B) colors. In particular, two of the three grey-scale voltage generators share first and second resistor strings, gamma voltage selectors, and gamma adjustment buffers provided in the other grey-scale voltage generator, thereby reducing the size and power consumption of the display driver circuit. Also, when only a single grey-scale voltage is output, it is possible to deactivate the grey-scale voltages provided by two of the grey-scale generators and further reduce power consumption.

Abstract: In a flexible display panel and a fabricating method thereof, the flexible display panel includes a flexible substrate, a plurality of electro-phoretic pixel units, a plurality of electro-wetting pixel units, a transparent protective layer and a driving circuit. The electro-phoretic pixel units and the electro-wetting pixel units are formed in a first displaying area and a second displaying area of the flexible substrate respectively. The transparent protective layer is formed on the electro-phoretic pixel units and the electro-wetting pixel units, and the driving circuit is formed in the non-displaying area of the flexible substrate and electrically connected to the electro-phoretic pixel units and the electro-wetting pixel units. The flexible display panel may display static pictures through the electro-phoretic pixel units and display animation through the electro-wetting pixel units. Therefore, the flexible display panel has both the abilities for saving power and displaying animation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a highlight color display. One of the key features of the invention is the dark color of the display fluid filled in the microcups, which allows the dark state to appear black. There is no alignment required between the pixel electrodes and the microcups. In practice, a standard active matrix array may be used to drive the display device.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a display device and a method to manufacture the display device. The display device includes: a transparent layer; a coloring electrode; a separator; a second electrode; an electrolyte permeating throughout the display device; and a back layer positioned on the back side of the display. The transparent layer, which has a top surface and a bottom surface, is positioned at the viewer side of the display. The coloring electrode is positioned on the transparent layer bottom surface and includes: a connected conductor system formed from one or more heterogeneous conductive layers and a coloring layer, with the proviso that the heterogeneous conductive layers are not positioned between the transparent layer bottom surface and the coloring layer. The conductor heterogeneity includes variations in one or more of: conductor material composition; conductor layer dimension; conductor layer pattern; conductor layer grid design, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing electrophoretic display devices are disclosed. The display including a back substrate and including a substantially hollow container that includes a transparent substrate forming a cavity therebetween. The transparent substrate including one or more cathode electrodes forming a plurality of electronically and selectively addressable pixels; one or more side walls extending from the transparent substrate, the side walls defining corresponding pixels, and a suspension fluid including a plurality of pigment particles in fluid communication with each of the cells by a gap formed between the side walls.

Abstract: An electronic paper (E-paper) display device includes a first substrate comprising at least one side wall having a high reflectance film coated thereon, an E-paper layer, and a second substrate. A light source installed beside and facing the at least one sidewall of the first substrate, the light source being configured for illuminating the E-paper layer with some of the light from the light source directly illuminating the E-paper layer and some of the light from the light source illuminating the E-paper layer via the reflection of the high reflectance film.