Abstract: A device model object which numerically constructs colorimetric measurements based on access to a spectrally-based device profile. In situations where a color management module issues a request for spectral measurements, then the device model object provides spectral measurements directly from the spectrally-based device profile. However, in situations where the color management module issues a request for colorimetric measurements, then the device model object numerically constructs colorimetric measurements based on numerical integration of spectral measurements from the spectrally-based device profile against a viewing condition white point. The constructed measurements are provided to the color management module and they are also cached for possible future use. In this way, the device model object is able to support requests for both measurement-based device profiles and spectrally-based device profiles.

Abstract: According to the method, starting from the chromatic components xS, yS of the color vector to be converted, the components of an intermediate color vector RINT-CR, GINT-CR, ?INT-CR are-interpolated, whose chromatic components, expressed in the source color space are: xINT-CR=xS, yINT-CR=yS; starting from the luminance component SS of the color vector to be converted and from the luminance component ?INT-CR of the intermediate color vector, the luminance component ?D of the converted color vector is interpolated; the chromatic components RD, GD of the converted color vector are calculated from its luminance component ?D and from the components of the intermediate color vector RINT-CR, GINT-CR, ?INT-CR. The conversion methods of the prior art are substantially improved.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for reducing artifacts in a color sequential display system. A frame of a digital image is displayed by receiving frame data, determining dither patterns, applying the dither patterns to the data, and displaying the dithered data. Each pixel of a frame of a digital image is displayed by receiving pixel data, grouping the pixel data for the color channels of the image into a plurality of sub-groups of pixel data; and displaying the pixel according to a sequence that separates each pair of sub-groups for a color channel by a sub-group for another color channel. Modified pixel data can be generated by replacing parent bits in the pixel data with corresponding pluralities of divided child bits, where all the child bits for a given parent bit have a divided weight that adds up to the parent bit's weight.

Abstract: A two-dimensional look-up-table (LUT) storage unit stores a two-dimensional LUT in which each combination of two input values is associated with an output value for outputting a different color tone. A registration unit registers Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images of examination 1 and examination 2 by using X-ray CT images of the examination 1 and the examination 2; and an output-image creating unit acquires from the two-dimensional LUT an output value where input values are a combination of pixel values of corresponding pixels between the registered PET images, and creates an output image. Moreover, the output-image creating unit creates the output image from output values within a setting range specified on the two-dimensional LUT, among acquired output values. A display control unit controls display such that an output image or a composite image of an output image and an X-ray CT image created by a composite-image creating unit is to be displayed on a monitor.

Abstract: A first command is retrieved from a script containing one or more commands written for a first color space. The first command is associated with zero or more input buffers and zero or more output buffers. The first command has zero or more parameters. A behavior of the first command in the first color space and in a second color space is determined. The behavior comprises one of unique behavior, transparent behavior, and different behavior. The first command has the unique behavior when the first command only operates in the first color space. The first command has the transparent behavior when the first command generates similar results in the first color space and in the second color space. The first command has the different behavior when the first command generates different results in the first color space and in the second color space. Using the behavior of the first command, an operation associated with the first command is processed.

Abstract: A color quantization or re-quantization method is provided that combines two dimensional halftoning with luminance preserving quantization (LPQ) for better perception results of high precision color video quantization. A combination of LPQ and error diffusion, and a combination of LPQ and spatial dithering, is provided. To combine LPQ and spatial dithering, the spatial dithering is regarded as a two-step processing, a mapping and a simple rounding. To combine LPQ and dithering together, a rounding step is replaced by the LPQ algorithm in the combination. Further a method is provided for post-processing which is applicable to both cases to reduce the color perception for grayscale image.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus, including computer program products, for processing a computer graphics illustration having pieces of artwork.

Abstract: A processing chain for a digital image signal (12) applies a dither pattern (14), having a first spectrum, to the image signal at a point in the processing chain. A further noise pattern (10) is applied to the image signal during the processing chain. The noise pattern (10) has a second spectrum which is configured such that the combination of the first spectrum and second spectrum results in a more continuous spectrum. Another aspect describes a noise pattern (10) which can be used as an offset dither pattern for digital images, especially before colour bit depth reduction. The noise pattern comprises an array of values which are linearly distributed across a range, with each value in the range occurring an equal number of times. Similar values at extreme ends of the range of values are dispersed within the array. The pattern has a Poisson-disk two-dimensional spectral energy distribution. Values are positioned in the array based on distance to similar values in neighbouring repetitions of the array.

Abstract: The method and system for vehicular guidance comprises an imaging device for collecting color image data to facilitate distinguishing crop image data (e.g., crop rows) from background data. A definer defines a series of scan line segments generally perpendicular to a transverse axis of the vehicle or of the imaging device. An intensity evaluator determines scan line intensity data for each of the scan line segments. An alignment detector (e.g., search engine) identifies a preferential heading of the vehicle that is generally aligned with respect to a crop feature, associated with the crop image data, based on the determined scan line intensity meeting or exceeding a maximum value or minimum threshold value.

Abstract: A method and system for temporal dithering of pixels in a display. The dithering of the pixels may allow for simulation of 8-bit color from a 6-bit display. Moreover, the dithering of the pixels may be selected to follow a specific pattern to minimize display artifacts, which might otherwise result from interference generated by pixel inversion techniques performed during the pixel dithering. Through application of selective dithering techniques, including utilization of specific dithering patterns, the generation of display artifacts via interference from pixel inversion techniques during the display of an image may be minimized.

Abstract: Sub-pixel rendering with gamma adjustment allows the luminance for the sub-pixel arrangement to match the non-linear gamma response of the human eye's luminance channel, while the chrominance can match the linear response of the human eye's chrominance channels. The gamma correction allows the sub-pixel rendering to operate independently of the actual gamma of a display device. The sub-pixel rendering techniques with gamma adjustment may be optimized for the gamma transfer curve of a display device in order to improve response time, dot inversion balance, and contrast.

Abstract: Disclosed are a color management method, an apparatus thereof and a color management computer program for executing the method that enable a user to conveniently and easily select and/or change colors desired by the user in diverse ways. The color management method includes displaying a color scheme list that is a list of color schemes for providing a standard for converting the colors that constitute an image, and if a selection manipulation of one among the color schemes that constitute the displayed color scheme list is input, storing the color scheme selected by the selection manipulation.

Abstract: A video signal is processed using dither coefficients. Dither coefficients pattern signals are generated. Each pattern signal carries positive and negative dither coefficients arranged in an (n×m) matrix where “n” and “m” being positive integers larger than zero, the sum total of the coefficients being zero. One of the pattern signal is selected for each predetermined unit of picture carried by the video signal. Or, it is selected according to locations of dither coefficients on pixels arranged on a display panel. Dither coefficients of the selected pattern signal are added to an input video signal, thus outputting a video signal to be supplied to the display panel. Instead of the dither coefficients pattern signals, dither pattern signals can be generated, each carrying positional data indicating locations of dither coefficients on the pixels on the display panel.

Abstract: A display system includes a subpixelated display panel having subpixels in two saturated primary colors. In one embodiment, the primary colors are selected so as to be a substantially metameric pair for an achromatic color such as white. Information display efficiencies arise from utilizing a checkerboard arrangement for the two primary colored subpixels and from using subpixel rendering algorithms to render an image on the display. The bichromatic display may display a black and white image combined with a monochromatic image, or may provide the capability to overlay a first image from a first image source carried on a chromatic channel onto a second image from a second image source carried on a luminance channel, where the first image source detects light wavelengths that the Human Vision System is not sensitive to, such as infrared light. This latter embodiment of the bichromatic display system is suitable for night vision devices.

Abstract: A navigation device is provided, which includes a storage unit for storing information about traffic restrictions for vehicles and for storing digital map data, and an output unit for a graphic display of a region such that subregions for which information about traffic restrictions for vehicles is stored are graphically labeled.

Abstract: A method for performing chromatic adaptation includes performing chromatic adaptation wherein corrections to tristimulous values XYZ are maximized in the regions of white and neutral and are minimized in the vicinity of non-neutral regions of colors space via piecewise linear corrections in XYZ. In one embodiment, a selective linear correction is performed using three matrices one for each sector in an RGB color space. In an alternative embodiment, selective color adjustments are made and the adjustments are partitioned for each primary and secondary color.

Abstract: An imaging device collects color image data to facilitate distinguishing crop image data from background data. A definer defines a series of scan line segments generally perpendicular to a transverse axis of the vehicle or of the imaging device. An intensity evaluator determines scan line intensity data for each of the scan line segments. An alignment detector identifies a preferential heading of the vehicle that is generally aligned with respect to a crop feature, associated with the crop image data, based on the determined scan line intensity meeting or exceeding a maximum value or minimum threshold value. A reliability estimator estimates a reliability of the vehicle heading based on compliance with an intensity level criteria associated with one or more crop rows.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for displaying images onto an arbitrary surface, using a projector, such that the quality of the images is preserved despite surface imperfections or color variations. Methods and systems are also provided for controlling the appearance of a projection surface. Various embodiments use a detailed radiometric model and a calibration method to determine the pixel values required to be projected by a projector in order for a camera to observe a desired image. Other embodiments use a compensation algorithm that uses a feedback approach to provide the desired image compensation. Geometric mapping may be used to establish a correspondence between points in the images to be displayed by the projector and the corresponding points in the images that are captured by the camera.

Abstract: A method for applying the same dithering table to different flat panels and a display panel driving method using the same. The method for applying the same dithering table to different flat panels is mainly to set different dot counts between different panels on the rows, in which pixels are shifted, so that the display data of scan lines, in which the pixels are shifted, is shifted by the dot counts when the display data is substituted into the dithering table. Thus, even if different display panels use the same dithering table, the display entropy can be uniformly distributed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for presenting color samples in a color chart. The color chart includes an arrangement of multiple color samples that include colored areas representing colors in a color space. Color samples in the arrangement are associated with one or more color identifiers that uniquely identify the colors represented by the corresponding color samples. A gamut identifier identifies a color gamut relative to the colors represented by the color samples in the arrangement. A gamut mapping is provided to map a color from outside the color gamut to a color inside the color gamut.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that deposterizes a posterized image. During operation, the system receives a posterized image, wherein pixels in the posterized image have color values that belong to a set of posterized color values, which is a subset of a set of possible color values for the deposterized image. Next, the system generates a deposterized image from the posterized image, wherein color values in the deposterized image are not restricted to the set of posterized color values and instead can be selected from the entire set of possible color values to reduce artifacts caused jumps in color values that arise from posterization. While generating the deposterized image, the system selects color values for pixels in the deposterized image so that the deposterized image can be reposterized to restore the original posterized image.

Abstract: The analysis and evaluation techniques of a gamut mapping technique, which can reflect the determination result of the quality of gamut mapping in the gamut mapping technique, are demanded. Hence, a color distribution information file and image file are loaded, initial 3D object data is generated based on color distribution data, and initial image object data is generated based on image data. The image object data and 3D object data are displayed on a monitor. When the user inputs a message, a process corresponding to the input message is executed, and the updated image object data and 3D object data are displayed on the monitor.

Abstract: Sub-pixel rendering with gamma adjustment allows the luminance of the sub-pixel arrangement to match the non-linear gamma response of the human eye's luminance channel. For each of a subset of input sampled data indicating a region of an input image, a gamma-adjusted data value is generated for each input image data value in the subset using a local average of at least two input image data values. A sub-pixel rendering operation uses the subset of gamma-adjusted data values and the subset of input image data values to produce an output data value for each sub-pixel element on the display panel. A plurality of output data values collectively indicates an output image. The gamma adjustment allows the sub-pixel rendering to operate independently of the actual gamma of a display device. The sub-pixel rendering techniques with gamma adjustment may improve image contrast in high spatial frequency portions of an image.

Abstract: A color selection and coordination system including a database of predetermined color relationships implementing a data-driven color model. A starting color is associated with a first color in the color database. One or more predefined color palettes associated with the first color may be retrieved, each palette including one or more coordinating colors, the coordinating colors being predetermined based on the first color and a color coordination algorithm.

Abstract: A processing chain for a digital image signal (12) applies a dither pattern (14), having a first spectrum, to the image signal at a point in the processing chain. A further noise pattern (10) is applied to the image signal during the processing chain. The noise pattern (10) has a second spectrum which is configured such that the combination of the first spectrum and second spectrum results in a more continuous spectrum. Another aspect describes a noise pattern (10) which can be used as an offset dither pattern for digital images, especially before colour bit depth reduction. The noise pattern comprises an array of values which are linearly distributed across a range, with each value in the range occurring an equal number of times. Similar values at extreme ends of the range of values are dispersed within the array. The pattern has a Poisson-disk two-dimensional spectral energy distribution. Values are positioned in the array based on distance to similar values in neighbouring repetitions of the array.

Abstract: A method for dithering an image is disclosed, which includes: storing a plurality of dithering parameters corresponding to a predetermined function for a predetermined input intensity range; and dithering pixels of the predetermined input intensity range according to the plurality of dithering parameters.

Abstract: A method for display compositing is disclosed. The method generally includes the steps of (A) generating a plurality of respective color values and a plurality of respective blending values for a plurality of graphics pixels to be blended with a display picture, (B) examining in a sequence a plurality of neighboring pixels of the graphics pixels adjoining a current pixel of the graphics pixels, the current pixel having a current color value of the respective color values and a current blending value of the respective blending values and (C) replacing the current color value with the respective color value for a particular pixel of the neighboring pixels where (i) the respective blending value for the particular pixel comprises one of a plurality of non-transparent values and (ii) the current blending value comprises one of at least one transparent value.

Abstract: A control module for use in an image display system includes a gain module operable to amplify a signal received by the control module and to communicate an amplified signal having at least one clipped pixel. The at least one clipped pixel is capable of generating a color having a hue that is substantially different than a hue of a color that was specified by the signal. The control module further includes a formatter coupled to the gain module. The formatter operable to receive the amplified signal and to adjust the hue of the color associated with the at least one clipped pixel. In one particular embodiment, the hue of the color associated with the at least one clipped pixel is adjusted to substantially the hue of the color that was specified by the signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing video signals comprises a receiver for receiving a video signal, a video pipeline for post-processing the received video signal, the video pipeline producing a post-processed video signal, and a video output module for converting the post-processed video signal, the video output module producing a formatted video signal. The video output module may further comprise an ancillary data injector, the injector inserting ancillary data into the post-processed video signal. Also, the video output system may further comprise a generator locking device or the video input module may include a generator locking device.

Abstract: A first command is retrieved from a script containing one or more commands written for a first color space. The first command is associated with zero or more input buffers and zero or more output buffers. The first command has zero or more parameters. A behavior of the first command in the first color space and in a second color space is determined. The behavior comprises one of unique behavior, transparent behavior, and different behavior. The first command has the unique behavior when the first command only operates in the first color space. The first command has the transparent behavior when the first command generates similar results in the first color space and in the second color space. The first command has the different behavior when the first command generates different results in the first color space and in the second color space. Using the behavior of the first command, an operation associated with the first command is processed.

Abstract: A benefit is obtained for sending digital information over a network. The digital information is representative of three-dimensional images which include photographic images. The receiving computer renders the images from the received digital information, and a viewer at the receiving computer can interactively choose a viewpoint or perspective to view the images on a display of the receiving computer. The benefit to the sender can be monetary compensation and/or increased recognition of the sender, for example.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating hierarchical depth culling characteristics includes determining a first minimum depth value and a first maximum depth value for a first graphical element. The graphical element may be a primitive. The first minimum depth value may be a minimum Z-plane depth of a pixel within the primitive and a first maximum depth value is a maximum Z-plane value for a pixel within the primitive. The method and apparatus further includes determining a second minimum depth value and a second maximum depth value for a second graphical element, which may be a tile. The method and apparatus further includes calculating an intersection depth range having an intersection minimum depth value and an intersection maximum depth value based on the intersection of the first minimum depth value and the first maximum depth value and the second minimum depth value and the second maximum depth value.

Abstract: Methods and computer readable media for generating displays of user-defined blocks of networking addresses on a map of an associated address space are provided. Each block of networking addresses is described in a user-defined table with a start address and a map size. The display for each block of network addresses may be rendered on the map at a location based on the relative position of the start address within the associated address space and of a size based on the mask size in relation to the associated address space.

Abstract: A computer system (710) receives a desired upper bound ?Smax for a relative quantization step ?S??S??/?S?? to be used when quantizing any color in some range of colors. Here S? and S? are adjacent colors in the set of colors to be made available for the quantized image, and ?·? is a norm in a 70%-orthonormal linear color coordinate system, the norm being the square root of the sum of squares of the tristimulus values. The computer system determines (510) suitable quantization steps for the brightness coordinate (B) and the chromatic coordinates (e,f) in a non-linear color coordinate system, and quantizes (520) the brightness and chromatic coordinates accordingly.

Abstract: A facial image photographed by a digital camera is downloaded to a PC. When a facial image correction program starts, a correction window and a correction item selection window open on a monitor. When a user opens the facial image in the correction window, a pixel extraction circuit extracts pixels representing a skin area, an eye area, a teeth area, and a hair area from the facial image. Correction items to be performed are determined in the correction item selection window. A cursor position detection circuit detects the position of a cursor in the correction window. When the cursor is in one of the areas, a facial image correction circuit judges whether the correction item corresponding to the area is selected. If the corresponding correction item is selected, the facial image correction circuit subjects a pixel pointed by the cursor to predetermined correction processing.

Abstract: A vehicle navigation apparatus is provided which can reliably guide a vehicle along a guidance route when the vehicle approaches an intersection of interest at which it is to make a turn even if another intersection exists between a vehicle position and the intersection of interest. A controller determines whether or not another intersection exists between the vehicle position and the next guidance intersection (an intersection at which the vehicle is to make a turn) when the vehicle reaches a predetermined distance from the guidance intersection. If another intersection is determined to exist, an intersection guidance map with an arrow indicative of the guidance route colored in a predetermined color is displayed on a display device. In one embodiment, if another intersection does not exist between the vehicle and the guidance intersection, the color of the arrow displayed is changed to a different color.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus, including computer program products, for processing a computer graphics illustration having pieces of artwork.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display portion and a control portion, and effects color display depending on image signals for three colors. The control portion includes means 10, into which the image signals for three colors are inputted, for generating a first display signal for determining a brightness of predetermined one color at the display portion and second display signals for determining a hue of other two colors or an intermediary color therebetween at the display portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to assessing the level of visual contrast between foreground and background in visually presented information, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for determining whether a given set of foreground and background colors creates sufficient visual contrast to ensure legibility for the general population, as well as for individuals with visual disabilities, including color blindness/deficiency.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that deposterizes a posterized image. During operation, the system receives a posterized image, wherein pixels in the posterized image have color values that belong to a set of posterized color values, which is a subset of a set of possible color values for the deposterized image. Next, the system generates a deposterized image from the posterized image, wherein color values in the deposterized image are not restricted to the set of posterized color values and instead can be selected from the entire set of possible color values to reduce artifacts caused jumps in color values that arise from posterization. While generating the deposterized image, the system selects color values for pixels in the deposterized image so that the deposterized image can be reposterized to restore the original posterized image.

Abstract: In a spatial light modulator, a frame may be broken up into a plurality of colors. A given frame may include at least a first portion and a second portion. During the first portion of the frame, more significant bits of the data for a given pixel may be displayed and during a second portion of the frame, less significant bits may be disclosed. In some embodiments, the frame may be broken into two color subframes for each color, but in other embodiments, more than two such subframes may be utilized. In one embodiment, the frame may be broken into red, blue, and green and each color may be displayed at least twice, such that more significant bits are displayed first and less significant bits are displayed thereafter.

Abstract: A method and a display device for detecting an abnormal video signal by periodically checking R,G,B signals. The method includes selecting an R,G,B signal and setting a region of the selected signals to be checked; detecting a minimum pixel level value in the region of the selected R,G,B signal; comparing the minimum pixel level value for the selected R,G,B signal with a predetermined threshold value and checking if abnormal R,G,B signal are present; and displaying on a screen a message indicating whether the selected R,G,B signal is abnormal.

Abstract: A system and method for processing a gray level in a display device performs a random error diffusion operation on the video data using a first random coefficient value and a random dithering operation on the error-diffused video data using a second random coefficient value.

Abstract: A technique generates a glow effect in an image. The technique selects an area within a scene that is to glow to produce a selected area image, generates glow using the selected area image to produce a glowing area image, and then adds the glowing area image to the scene to provide the glow effect.

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of a system and method for rendering colors between color devices. The method includes establishing a source color gamut for a source device and the source color gamut has a white point, a black point, and primary points. The method also includes establishing a destination color gamut for a destination device, and the destination color gamut has a white point, a black point, and primary points. White and black point adaptation is performed to adapt the white and black points of the source color gamut to the white and black points of the destination color gamut, respectively. Neutral points from the source color gamut are processed to the destination color gamut without gamut mapping. Aimed primary points are determined from the adapted white and black points and from the source and destination primary points, the destination gamut, and color preference. Important lines are mapped from the source gamut to the destination gamut using the aimed primary points.

Abstract: The presently described embodiments generate a single job that tests multiple image path parameter combinations. The user first selects the part of the document that will be used for the test run. The system then determines all the available image path control parameters and settings that are compatible with the selected document parts. The system builds a menu, and the user chooses the image path control parameters and settings combinations that are to be tested. The user then sends the job to the printer which prints the selected parts of the documents using each of the selected image path parameter combinations. Appropriate labels are included in the printed output so the user can easily identify the combination that delivers the most satisfactory results.

Abstract: In a method for determining weighting factors for the color calculation of a color value of texels for a footprint covering a plurality of texels in a texel grid, in a graphic system, form information of the footprint is determined at first. Afterwards, the edges of the footprint are determined and the edges determined in this way are approximated by a staircase function. The texels of the texel grid contacted by the staircase function are determined and a weighting factor is determined for each texel containing a portion of the staircase function, depending on the subarea of the respective texel covered by the footprint.

Abstract: A drawing instruction processor refers to a bit map line table that shows whether the bit arrays in the row unit are the same in the order of concentrations. The drawing instruction processor decides whether dither patterns to be used for the adjacent specified drawing ranges are the same, by referring to the BLT, and links the drawing ranges to which the same pattern can be applied. Based on this, the drawing processor carries out a batch writing using a dither pattern prepared in advance into the specified range in the page memory. The dither pattern to be used for the drawing is prepared by linking a plurality of the same basic patterns to have a length corresponding to the length of the word length. As a result of such an arrangement, it is possible to achieve a high-speed processing.

Abstract: A method for multi-toning an input digital image having input pixels with two or more color channels to form an output digital image having modified output levels. The method includes producing an error signal for each color channel, combining the error signals to produce a combined error signal, sorting the error signals to produce a set of sorted error signals, and determining modified output levels responsive to the set of sorted error signals and the combined error signal.

Abstract: A color curve control circuit includes: a data input unit, for entering values for changing colors on the screen of a monitor; a microcomputer, for processing color signals corresponding to color temperature using stored color temperature data and a color curve control program, in order to change the colors on the screen according to signals generated by the data input unit, and for generating color gain signals and color cutoff signals; and a digital to analog converter for converting the digital color gain and cutoff signals from the microcomputer into analog signals.