Abstract: A method of automatically calibrating a visual parameter, such as luminance or contrast, for an imaging device is disclosed. A ratio of visual parameter difference to lens position difference between two predetermined lens positions is pre-determined for a predetermined focal length. A target visual parameter is then obtained according to the pre-determined ratio, a current visual parameter and lens position difference between a current lens position and a target lens position. Finally, the current visual parameter is updated by the target visual parameter in an automatic mode.

Abstract: Embodiments emulate agents in a contact center, or enterprise, that initiate communication sessions to each other over communication networks and measure data quality using one or more metrics. That data measured can include voice and video data. Examples of communication networks used to place the voice calls include Internet Protocol (IP) networks and hybrid networks including more traditional telephony components. The data collected by the emulated agents is sent to a monitoring server. The monitoring server and the emulated agent behavior can be configured and scheduled via a web interface. In addition, the web interface provides the user with detailed reports, performance summaries, and visualizations of data collected, further enabling the user to troubleshoot a contact center or enterprise over a variety of communication networks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a test and measurement device, system, and method for synchronizing measurement views and configuration parameters across multiple input channels or devices. A method includes receiving signals under test associated with multiple input channels of the test and measurement instrument or with multiple devices, selecting a measurement view of one input signal or device, receiving a synchronized view enable preference from a user control interface, and synchronizing the measurement view or configuration parameters of the other signals or devices with what was chosen on the first signal or device. A test and measurement instrument includes input terminals to receive the input signals, a user control interface to receive input from an operator, a display to provide measurement information about the input signals, and a synchronization control unit to synchronize measurement views and/or configuration parameters between the inputs or devices.

Abstract: A calibration image including dots and scale points is projected at first and second display surfaces. A location of a scale point may be modified. A location for a registration point is determined and the registration point is added to the calibration image. The projected calibration image is captured. A location of the captured registration point and locations captured scale points are identified. Captured dots that are projected onto the first display surface and their locations are identified. Each of the captured dots identified as being projected onto the first display surface are mapped to a corresponding dot of the calibration image. Dots of the calibration image that are not projected onto the first display surface are identified, locations of each of the identified dots are determined, and a synthetic dot is added to the captured image for each identified dot. The captured image may be provided as input to a process for determining one or more inverse offsets.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method that includes an enclosure having a front side and a back side. An input connection is joined to the enclosure for receiving an input signal having a format generally conforming to a one of a plurality of broadcast standards. At least one signal processor is within the enclosure for processing the input signal and for at least outputting parameters of the input signal. At least one personal audio-visual device is joined to the front side. The personal audio-visual device includes a display screen configurable for displaying at least one of the parameters.

Abstract: A shake measurement system (1) is an apparatus for measuring the amount of shake of a camera (2), and comprises a first shake amount acquisition section, a second shake amount acquisition section, and a third shake amount acquisition section. The first shake amount acquisition section uses image processing to acquire the amount of shake of the camera (2) as a first shake amount. The second shake amount acquisition section acquires the amount of shake of the camera (2) as a second shake amount by a different method from that of the first shake amount acquisition section. The third shake amount acquisition section acquires the amount of translational shake of the camera (2) on the basis of the first shake amount and the second shake amount.

Abstract: A first Gray code technique and a second raster calibration technique can be combined to create a precise mapping between pixel locations of the camera and pixel locations of the projector(s). In one aspect the technique of using the raster calibration images is eliminated by interpolating the projector coordinate information decoded from the Gray code images. In another aspect camera images are processed to reduce errors caused by noise so that text can be displayed without any noticeable misalignment between projectors. In a third aspect, a scale factor is calculated based on the relative height/width of projector regions in the captured calibration images. Calibration images are recalculated using the scale factor to provide greater correspondence between the mapping of a low resolution camera to the high-resolution projectors.

Abstract: A server device is configured to store quick code information, where the quick code information includes a particular operation of a group of operations and a particular condition code of a group of condition codes; receive diagnostic information from a video client, of a group of video clients, where the diagnostic information includes a condition code that corresponds to a condition associated with the video client; determine that the condition code matches the particular condition code of particular, stored quick code information; determine, from the particular quick code information, the particular operation corresponding to the particular condition code; perform an automatic remote repair to remedy the condition, on the video client, based on the particular operation; and send, to the video client, a notification that the condition has been remedied based on the automatic remote repair when the automatic remote repair remedies the condition on the video client.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for calibration of a projection system, comprising projecting visible and non-visible images on at least one image plane, detecting said non-visible images projected on the image plane, and calibrating projection of the visible images using the non-visible images. The visible and non-visible images are simultaneously projected and the non-visible images are continually monitored for automatic calibration of composite displays, without taking the projection system off-line. In addition, calibration can be maintained through continuous automatic adjustment using invisible calibration patterns, even if the system is disturbed while it is operating.

Abstract: A device for motion estimation in video image data is provided. The device comprises a motion estimation unit (11, 21) for estimating a current motion vector for an area of a current image by determining a set of temporal and/or spatial candidate motion vectors and selecting a best motion vector from the set of candidate motion vectors. The motion estimation unit (11, 21) is further adapted for substantially doubling one or more of the candidate motion vectors and for including the one or more substantially doubled candidate motion vectors in the set of candidate motion vectors.

Abstract: A field sequence detector determines the field sequence of a series of fields of video by assessing the vertical frequency content of hypothetical de-interlaced images. Hypothetical images are formed from a currently processed field and an adjacent (e.g. previous or next) field. If the vertical frequency content is relatively high (e.g. above ½ the Nyquist frequency for the image), the hypothetical image is assessed to be formed of improperly interlaced fields, belonging to different frames. If the frequency content is relatively low, the hypothetical image is assessed to be properly assembled from fields of the same frame. The field sequence in the series of fields may be detected from the assessed frequency content for several of said series of fields. Known field sequence, such as 3:2 pull-down, 2:2 pull down, and more generally m:n:l:k pull-down sequences.

Abstract: To assess picture impairment due to the interpolation of output images from input images, for example in standards conversion, an output image detail measure is compared with an input image detail measure. One of the image detail measures is obtained by interpolation between image detail measures for at least two images.

Abstract: The system and method, applicable to video display port applications, reduces the jitter in a regenerated data stream clock by using a first-in first-out (FIFO) storage memory to average the variations thereto. The method comprises loading the data extracted from data packets, received over a high speed connection, into the FIFO and running the application using the data in the FIFO. An initial frequency value of the stream clock Fvid is generated from the link clock Flink. Two integer values received over the link, M and N, that establishes a relationship between Flink and Fvid, are used to initiate recovery of Fvid. Lower and upper limits are set for data in the FIFO and the value of Fvid is adjusted to keep the level of data stored in the FIFO within these limits. Accordingly, variations of Fvid are averaged over the limits of the FIFO, thereby reducing the jitter.

Abstract: An information display apparatus having a display unit that displays first information based on a signal corresponding to one channel in a broadcast wave received by a receiving unit, further includes a detecting unit that detects a reception state of the signal while the first information is displayed on the display unit; a judging unit that judges whether information displayed on the display unit has been changed from the first information to second information, if the reception state of the signal has deteriorated; a monitoring unit that monitors whether the reception state has returned to a favorable state, if the displayed information has been judged to have been changed to the second information; and a display control unit that continues display of the second information and redisplays the first information on a portion of the display unit, if the reception state of the signal has returned to a favorable state.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention include systems and methods for recalibrating projector-camera systems. In embodiments, systems and methods are able to recalibrate automatically the projector with arbitrary intrinsic and pose, as well as render for arbitrarily desired viewing point. In contrast to previous methods, the methods disclosed herein use the observing camera and the projector to form a stereo pair. Structured light is used to perform pixel-level fine reconstruction of the display surface. In embodiments, the geometric warping is implemented as a direct texture mapping problem. As a result, re-calibration of the projector movement is performed by simply computing the new projection matrix and setting it as a camera matrix. For re-calibrating the new view point, the texture mapping is modified according to the new camera matrix.

Abstract: A quality index value S?, such as a degree of block distortion or edge sharpness, of each frame constituting video data, an error region ratio Q as a ratio of an error region in which a packet error or the like occurs, and a pixel difference level N as a level of difference from color originally used in the video data are calculated, and a quality index value S is calculated based on the calculated quality index value S?, the error region ratio Q, and the video delivery system 2. Accordingly, it is possible to calculate the quality index value indicating quality of video data that is approximately the same as quality determined by a person.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention may provide systems and methods for detecting the presence a DTV signal such as an ATSC DTV signal. The system and methods may be applied to a received RF signal that has been down-converted to a baseband or low-IF digitized signal. The systems and methods may detect a presence of a DTV signal by searching for its characteristic pilot signal, known to reside in a fixed frequency range for all valid DTV signals. This pilot signal may be extracted by processing the baseband or low-IF signal in multiple stages. The first stage may reduce the signal information to that pertaining to the frequency band covering all valid pilot frequencies and commensurately reduces the sampling rate, and hence computational complexity of subsequent operations. A second stage may then efficiently operate on this reduced rate signal to focus on a series of particular pilot frequencies for interrogation.

Abstract: Video alignment and calibration, which is needed for video quality measurement in full-reference mode, is performed continuously on the videos being measured to account for alignment parameters that may change over time. With this technique, the quality of video files and/or live video streams can be measured in full-reference mode in real-time. During video alignment, the temporal and spatial offsets, as well as any spatial, luminance or color transformations between the two videos are measured; during video calibration, the video frames are adjusted for these offsets and transformations so that the video quality can be measured correctly.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a sequence of video packets for quantifying video quality includes a video picture monitor that accesses data in a header of a video packet included in the sequence of video packets. The header is separate from video content stored in the video packet. The video picture monitor also determines from the accessed data, a relationship between a portion of a picture included in the video packet and at least a portion of a picture included in another video packet. Both video packets are included in the sequence of video packets. This relationship indicates whether to use the video content stored in the first video packet to quantify video quality.

Abstract: A multimedia apparatus has a function of detecting video signal connection. The multimedia apparatus includes plural video output terminals. The user may selectively connect one of the video output terminals with a TV set. The analog video signal outputted from the video output terminal is detected by a detector. In a case that the connection between the first video output terminal and the TV set is interrupted but the second video output terminal is connected with the TV set, the detector issues control signal. According to the control signal, a first digital-to-analog converter is disabled to stop outputting a first analog video signal through the first video output terminal, and a second digital-to-analog converter is enabled to output a second analog video signal through the second video output terminal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method of identifying inconsistent field order flags for a sequence of video frames comprising: for each frame in the sequence of video frames analyzing the frame to make an initial determination of the field order for that frame; averaging the initial determination of the field order over a predefined number of most recently analyzed frames; and determining those frames for which the averaged field order does not match the field order identified by a respective field order metadata item associated with each frame by comparing the averaged field order for each frame to the respective field order metadata item.

Abstract: An image projecting apparatus enables the formation of a projected image faithful to original image information by reducing degradation in the projected image due to decrease in imaging performance of a projection optical system. Image information is processed by an image processing device, which includes a first and a second image processor. A light modulating device modulates a flux of light emitted by an illumination optical system based on the processed image information. The modulated flux of light is projected on a screen by a projection optical system. If the image information processed by the first image processor in a pixel region is not within a representable modulation range of the light modulating device, the image information is processed by the second image processor.

Abstract: An online quality assurance system and method for optical disc formats with enhanced interactivity features is disclosed. Specifically, the system and method provides a means for various studios, dvd player manufacturers, dvd standards specification providers, authoring facilities, and dvd standards tool developers to each provide and receive input, preferably in realtime, about research, development, and production issues, problems and solutions.

Abstract: A method for testing an optic investigation system with a light source and an imaging device for the optic investigation of an object in remitted light and fluorescent light, where the light source is configured to generate illuminating light with a first predetermined illumination spectrum or with a second predetermined illumination spectrum, and where an observation beam path of the imaging device includes a first predetermined transmission spectrum or a second predetermined transmission spectrum, the imaging device is positioned with respect to a reference surface with an indicator area with a wavelength-dependent optical property, where the optical property essentially varies between a first focal point of a first product of a first predetermined illumination spectrum and the first predetermined transmission spectrum and a second focal point of a second product of the second predetermined illumination spectrum and the second predetermined transmission spectrum.

Abstract: A method of determining a representative frequency for data packets, each data packet having an associated time, the method comprising: receiving a sequence of time-differentials, wherein a time-differential represents a difference between the time associated with a corresponding first data packet and the time associated with a corresponding second data packet; and determining the representative frequency based on the steps of: grouping a predetermined number N of the time-differentials into one or more groups based on the magnitudes of the N time-differentials; selecting one or more of the one or more groups for use in determining a representative time-differential; determining the representative time-differential as a function of the time-differentials of the selected one or more groups; outputting an inverse of the representative time-differential as the representative frequency.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a calibration surface for an image capture device includes a surface comprising glossy areas and matte areas. In another embodiment, a platen for supporting a document or other object to be imaged in an image capture device includes a flat surface having glossy areas and matte areas thereon. The surface may include, for example, a checkerboard or other pattern of alternating glossy white areas and matte white areas in which each glossy white area is surrounded by matte white areas and each matte white area is surrounded by glossy white areas.

Abstract: A system for measuring lens deflection of an electronic device includes a first shape, an image processing module, a first angle calculation module, and a second angle calculation module. The first shape is formed by edges of an ideal image captured that corresponds to a correctly mounted lens in the electronic device. The image processing module processes a currently captured image to acquire a second shape formed by edges of the present image. The first shape and the second shaped are imposed on each other. The first angle calculation module computes a first angle according to a rotation angle of the second shape relative to the first shape. A second angle calculation module computes a second angle according to a translating distance of the second shape relative to the first shape.

Abstract: Multi-phase black level calibration (BLC) methods and systems are generally disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, an image sensor comprises a pixel sensor array, a timing generator, and a front-end processing block. The front-end processing block also includes a first summing junction, a first BLC block, and a second BLC block. According to a first timing signal from the timing generator, the first BLC block is configured to iteratively generate a first calibration signal in a first phase based on a first set of adjusted black level signals associated with a first set of black pixels, a changing accumulator step, and a predetermined condition associated with a first target black level. According to a second timing signal from the timing generator, the second BLC block is configured to generate a second calibration signal for a second summing junction to apply to an image signal associated with one or more active pixels in the frame in a second phase.

Abstract: A system and method for testing video graphics array (VGA) signal groups includes configuring a route parameter of each of the VGA signal groups, establishing a connection between an input channel and an output channel of a signal channel selector corresponding to each of the VGA signal groups, and transferring each of the VGA signal groups to the digital oscilloscope through the connection. The system and method further includes enabling the digital oscilloscope to analyze each of the VGA signal groups and acquire analysis results of each of the VGA signal groups.

Abstract: Provided is a method of assessing an image quality of each of a base layer and an enhanced layer using a different scheme to assess a quality of a multi-level video based on assessment results. A multi-level video quality assessing system includes: a bitstream extractor to separate a multi-level video into a base layer bitstream and an enhanced layer bitstream; a base layer quality assessment module to generate quality assessment result information of a base layer image by assessing an image quality of base layer bitstream; an enhanced layer quality assessment module to generate quality assessment result information of an enhanced layer image by assessing an image quality of enhanced layer bitstream; and a final video quality assessment module to assess a quality of experience (QoE) of multi-level video based on quality assessment result information of each of the base layer image and the enhanced layer image.

Abstract: With the distance between a reference plane and a line light source (13) maintained at a first distance, the line light source (13) is translated in two different directions, and the position of the line light source (13) for each individual pixel where the pixel has been photographed from an incident ray radiated from the line light source (13) is stored (STEP 3, 4). With the distance between the reference plane and the line light source (13) maintained at a second distance different from the first distance, the line light source (13) is translated in two different directions, and the position of the line light source (13) for each individual pixel where the pixel has been photographed from an incident ray radiated from the line light source (13) is stored (STEP 6, 7). A straight line with the minimum distance to the positions of the four line light sources is deduced as the trajectory (S) of the incident ray to each pixel (STEP 8, 9).

Abstract: A camera calibration system including a coordinate data generation device and a coordinate data recognition device is provided. The coordinate data generation device generates a plurality of map coordinate data corresponding to a plurality of real positions in a real scene. The coordinate data recognition device receives an image plane of the real scene from a camera to be calibrated and receives the map coordinate data from the coordinate data generation device. Besides, the coordinate data recognition device recognizes image positions corresponding to the real positions in the image plane and calculates image coordinate data corresponding to the image positions. Moreover, the coordinate data recognition device calculates a coordinate transform matrix corresponding to the camera according to the image coordinate data and the map coordinate data. Thereby, the camera calibration system can finish the calibration of the camera quickly.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for detection and identification of duplicate or near-duplicate videos using a perceptual video signature are disclosed. The disclosed apparatus and methods (i) extract perceptual video features, (ii) identify unique and distinguishing perceptual features to generate a perceptual video signature, (iii) compute a perceptual video similarity measure based on the video edit distance, and (iv) search and detect duplicate and near-duplicate videos. A complete framework to detect unauthorized copying of videos on the Internet using the disclosed perceptual video signature is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented for dynamically testing video equipment. One or more test patterns utilize different regions of video signal characteristics. Adjustment is made to the video characteristics of a region until a perceived parameter of the region matches a second region. A performance parameter of said video equipment is determined from said adjustment.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided that may be used to determine the suitability of a client for use in medical diagnosis. Multimedia content may be presented on the client and used to elicit responses from a user indicative of the suitability of the client for use in medical diagnosis. The elicited responses may be used to determine the suitability of the client for medical diagnosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for high dynamic range image measurement which is configured to control the light intensity distribution through an optical modulating switch for adjusting the intensity of the light passing therethrough so as to control the light intensity distribution of the light projecting on an object or of the object light being sensed by a photo detector for preventing the optical sensing signals of the photo detector from over-saturating. After that, the optical sensing signals are compensated according to the optical intensity distribution modulated by the optical modulating switch so as to obtain an image data with high dynamic range.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for monitoring audio-video (AV) streams transported over a network. The system may include at least one AV probe configured for installation at a network node. The at least one AV probe may be configured to receive an incoming AV stream at a native frame rate and to capture at least one thumbnail of the incoming AV stream at a sampling rate which is less than the native frame rate to form a thumbnail stream. The at least one AV probe may be further configured to timestamp and transmit the thumbnail stream, and to forward the incoming AV stream substantially in real-time. The system may further include at least one monitoring engine operatively connected with the at least one AV probe, the at least one monitoring engine configured to receive the thumbnail stream, capture AV data from the thumbnail stream, and transform the AV data into a visual representation of AV stream quality of experience (QoE).

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a video quality measurement method, in particular where the video signal having: an original form; an encoded form in which video signal has been encoded using a compression algorithm utilising a variable quantiser step size such that the encoded signal includes a quantiser step size parameter; and, a decoded form in which the encoded video signal has been at least in part reconverted to the original form. The method comprises the steps of: a) generating a first quality measure which is a function of said quantiser step size parameter; b) generating a masking measure and c) combining the first and second measures. The masking measure is which is a function of the spatial complexity of parts of the frames represented by the video signal in the decoded form, these parts being selected by generating a second measure which is a function of the prediction residual and identifying one or more regions of the picture for which the second measure exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A method for testing a camera module of an electronic device includes following blocks. An analysis module and a control module are installed in the electronic device. A test fixture is utilized to secure the electronic device. The control module instructs the camera module to capture a video and a photo. The analysis module automatically examines whether the video and the photo fall within predetermined parameters. A system associated with above method for testing the camera module of the electronic device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A waveform display apparatus that can display a waveform in a desired position even when an internal reference mode is switched to an external reference mode. The internal and external reference modes are switched with a reference select button 60. A user operates a phase adjustment knob 64 while watching a display 54 to adjust a phase relationship between an external reference video signal and a video signal under test. When the phase relationship becomes proper an offset save button 66 is pressed to store the phase offset at the situation in a memory 56. A CPU 30 reads out the phase offset according to needs such as the waveform display apparatus is turned on, etc. to control a phase adjustment circuit 44 for adjusting the phase relationship between the external reference video signal and the video signal under test.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for non-invasive, “in-service” AV delay detection and correction. These systems and methods do not modify the audio signal or the video signal, nor do they rely on any metadata to be carried with the audio signal or the video signal via the distribution path. Instead, agents located at various points along the distribution path generate very small signature curves for the audio signal and the video signal and distribute them to a manager via a separate data path other than the distribution path. The manager calculates a measured AV delay caused by the distribution path based on these signature curves, and then optionally corrects the measured AV delay by adjusting an in-line delay in the distribution path.

Abstract: Remote video devices are monitored by receiving video pattern data from the remote video devices and comparing device video patterns represented by the video pattern data to predetermined video patterns. If device video patterns match the predetermined video patterns, a rule corresponding to the predetermined video pattern is accessed and execution of a recovery action is initiated.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a modulation of a CATV channel, the modulation being one of a digital modulation and an analog modulation. The method includes passing at least a portion of a tuner output from a tuner to a RF detector, and passing a RF detector output from the RF detector to a sync detector. The method further includes attenuating at least a portion of a sync detector output to create a remaining portion of the sync detector output, and passing the remaining portion of the sync detector output to a peak detector. The method further includes passing an output of the peak detector to a subsequent device, the output of the peak detector indicating whether the modulation of the CATV channel.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes: an image display unit for forming and displaying an optical image; an external-equipment-link unit capable of sending/receiving a control signal to/from external equipment; and a control unit for controlling operations of the image display unit and the external-equipment-link unit. The external-equipment-link unit includes at least one control signal output circuit and at least one control signal input circuit, the control signal input circuit detects an input control signal inputted from the external equipment and supplies the input control signal to the control unit. The control unit controls the control signal output circuit to output an external equipment control signal to the external equipment in response to the image display apparatus being in a predetermined operation state, and the control unit controls operations of the image display apparatus based on the input control signal supplied from the control signal input circuit.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a communication unit, a first determination unit, a second determination unit, and a control unit. The communication unit communicates with an external apparatus via communication lines that conform to HDMI standard. The first determination unit determines whether the first data indicating that the external apparatus displays video data transmitted from the communication unit to the external apparatus is detected by the communication unit has received via a CEC line. The second determination unit determines whether a second data indicating that the external apparatus displays video data transmitted from the communication unit to the external apparatus is detected by the communication via a TMDS line. The control unit determines whether to transmit video data to the external apparatus based on at least one of a determination result obtained by the first determination unit and a determination result obtained by the second determination unit.

Abstract: A method for measuring distortion is provided. In one embodiment, the method for measuring distortion of a current block, used to estimate motion by estimating high-frequency and low-frequency components of the current block, comprises: calculating the sum of distortion values of the high-frequency component of the current block; calculating the sum of first distortion values of the low-frequency component of the current block; calculating a second distortion value of the low-frequency component of the current block; and adding the sum of the distortion values of the high-frequency component and the second distortion value of the low-frequency component of the current block.

Abstract: A method for testing a digital camera module reads a digital image from the digital camera module under test, extracts a tricolor coefficient of each pixel of the digital image to form a measurement array, and compares the measurement array with a reference array to find tricolor coefficient differences. The method extracts an edge of the digital image, processes the edge of the digital image using binarization to obtain measurement binary values, and compares the measurement binary values with reference binary values to find binary values differences. The method further compares a count of the tricolor coefficient differences with a first acceptable value, and compares a count of the binary values differences with a second acceptable value to determine quality of the digital camera module.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a device, including a centralized controller to: distribute multimedia content to permit a television (TV) emulator client at one or more retail store locations to simulate a plurality of features of a television system interactively by using a media controller; and periodically update the multimedia content distributed to the TV emulator client. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method to determine when to compare original data (such as the original image) to rendered data (such as the rendered image) for the purpose of determining the fidelity of without some of the disadvantages of the prior art is disclosed. This is done by assessing the quality of service of a network path at a given time or by assessing the conditions of the network path over time and deciding specific times at which to test.

Abstract: A low complexity block-based, no-reference objective blockiness metric is provided that may be combined with other artifact metrics to measure overall quality of received video stream in a video conferencing application such that measures can be taken at the transmitter or in post-processing to enhance video quality. Prior knowledge of the blockiness boundaries may be used to reduce number of computations in determining the blockiness of a particular video frame.