Abstract: Dummy filters which are irrelevant to displaying are arranged in a matrix consecutively with respect to color filter lines or columns close to a pouring opening. Although spacers move toward the pouring opening when the substrates are pressed for attachment, the moving spacers are stopped by and gathered around the dummy filters. This can prevent a pixel area from being adversely affected due to a light-less phenomenon.

Abstract: A rigid liquid crystal display cell is provided with superior productivity and durability. The liquid crystal display cell includes upper and lower substrates, two kinds of spacers with different heights, and a liquid crystal layer held between a gap defined by the upper and lower substrates. The upper and lower substrates are sealed at the peripheral by sealant. The liquid crystal material is put into the gap through an injection inlet. The substrate are pushed by the pressure to discharge superfluous liquid crystal material from the cell. An end seal closes the inlet but the width of the end seal to be sucked is kept in a predetermined range when the pressure applied to the substrates is removed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element cell is obtained by setting two substrates to oppose each other at a predetermined gap and sealing a liquid crystal in the space formed between the substrates. An apparatus for sealing the liquid crystal display element cell includes seal rings, pressure plates, a pressure mechanism, and a compressed gas supply mechanism. The seal rings are formed to surround the display surface of the liquid crystal display element cell. Each seal ring has a Z-shaped section. Each pressure plate has a groove which fits with a corresponding seal ring therein, and a pressurized air injection port on the inner side of which is surrounded by the groove. Each pressure plate is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal display element cell to be in contact with the seal rings. Pressure regions are formed in the spaces surrounded by the pressure plates, the liquid crystal display element cell, and the seal rings.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is formed by a pair of substrates each having thereon electrodes, and a liquid crystal disposed between the substrates so as to be movable along surfaces of the substrates. The liquid crystal is disposed over regions extending between the surfaces of the substrates including an effective optical modulation region, a first peripheral region outside the effective optical modulation region and a second peripheral region formed along a part or an entirety of outer periphery of the first peripheral region. The liquid crystal is disposed to have a higher liquid crystal molecular pretilt angle in the first peripheral region than in the effective optical modulation region. The liquid crystal is disposed in a random alignment state free from uniaxial alignment characteristic or in a layer structure in the second peripheral region.

Abstract: A color filter substrate has a substrate structure, spacers which include a first spacer layer and a plurality of second spacer layers. Each of the second spacer layers has a sectional plane which is substantially parallel to the substrate structure. And the sectional plane has a entire projective area of the first spacer layer therein and an elongated portion from the projective area, so that an area of effective thickness of the spacer to maintain the gap between two substrates depends on an area of a smaller of the first and second surfaces of the first spacer layer. In other words, the outline of the first spacer layer is located so as to be entirely included within the outline of these second spacer layers. If the central axis of the first spacer layer is shifted from that of the second spacer layers in the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display apparatus, misalignment between first and second spacer layers occurs.

Abstract: An improved liquid crystal device and manufacturing method for same are described. In the device, a pair of substrates, between which a liquid crystal layer is disposed, is joined with pillars inbetween functioning as spacers which are provided of photocurable resin by photolithography. With this stucture, the spacers can be in surface contact with the inside surfaces of the substrates on which electrode arrangement and active devices are formed.

Abstract: An improved liquid crystal device and manufacturing method for same are described. In the device, a pair of substrates, between which a liquid crystal layer is disposed, is joined with pillars inbetween functioning as spacers which are provided of photocurable resin by photolithography. With this structure, the spacers can be in surface contact with the inside surfaces of the substrates on which electrode arrangement and active devices are formed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell is described which includes adaptive means to relieve hydrostatic pressure and means for restraining the aperture portion of the cell, and which may be assembled together with thick members such as precision windows, or may be built into optical assemblies incorporating several cells placed optically in series, such as tunable filters or multiple-cell optical switches, without defeating the pressure-relief mechanism.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates that can be taken out of large-sized substrate boards at an improved efficiency of utilization. After the two substrates are bonded together, it is not necessary to remove unwanted peripheral portions by scribing. Alignment marks are formed on the substrates to assist alignment of both substrates. Two holes are formed in a layer of a sealant material such that these holes are located in the top and bottom walls of the completed display. A liquid crystal material is injected through these holes when both substrates are bonded together.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which is capable of improving moisture resistance of a liquid crystal injection port by preventing peeling of a sealant therein. The liquid crystal display device has a pattern for preventing peeling of a sealant which is provided, through an insulating film, in a contact portion between a TFT substrate and the sealant in the liquid crystal injection port by arranging ITO having higher adhesion to the sealant than that to a glass substrate as the TFT substrate in a predetermined pattern. This causes the ITO of the pattern for preventing peeling of the sealant to improve the adhesion between the sealant and the TFT substrate in the liquid crystal injection port.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display panel has a pair of transparent substrates for sandwiching liquid crystal. The outer periphery of the substrates are bonded together with an adhesive except for a liquid-crystal inlet. Electrodes disposed on both the substrates are electrically connected by a transfer electrode disposed at the liquid-crystal inlet. The transfer electrode includes first and second electrode sections disposed on first and second substrates, respectively, and a conductive paste for electrically connecting the first and second electrode sections together and for sealing the liquid crystal at the inlet.

Abstract: A liquid crystal material filling apparatus which includes, in a vacuum chamber, a liquid crystal pot having a liquid crystal reservoir for storing a liquid crystal material. A groove part is coupled with the liquid crystal reservoir at a certain angle and contains a medium for holding the liquid crystal material. A filling jig cassette is provided to accommodate a plurality of liquid crystal panels having injection ports faced downwardly, and an elevation device is provided for moving the liquid crystal pot up and down. Also, a posture control mechanism is provided for switching a posture of the liquid crystal pot in accordance with the up/down movement of the liquid crystal pot thereby to cause the liquid crystal material to flow from the liquid crystal reservoir to the groove part at a raised position and bring the medium in touch with lower faces of the injection ports of the liquid crystal panels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is formed of a pair of substrates oppositely disposed with adhesive particles dispersed between the substrates, a sealing member disposed along a periphery of the substrates while leaving a liquid crystal injection port to be later sealed, and a liquid crystal disposed in a region surrounded by the sealing member and the liquid crystal injection port later sealed. In the device, the region surrounded by the sealing member for disposing the liquid crystal is divided into a rectangular first region for effective optical modulation and a second region surrounding the first region not contributing to substantial optical modulation, and the adhesive particles are disposed in a dispersed state in the first region and selectively at a portion of the second region in proximity to the injection port so as to minimize a cell gap distribution and provide a broader drive margin temperature characteristic.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is produced through the steps of: a) disposing a pair of substrates opposite to each other so as to form a cell between the substrates while leaving a first aperture and a second aperture for communication with an exterior and forming an effective optical modulation region between the first and second apertures, b) heating a liquid crystal material for filling the cell, and c) filling the cell with the liquid crystal material by injecting the liquid crystal material through the first aperture under a pressure difference held between the first and second apertures and, after a prescribed period, allowing the liquid crystal material to be discharged out of the second aperture. In the step c), the first aperture, the second aperture and the effective optical modulation region of the cell may preferably receive external pressures P1, P2 and P3, respectively, satisfying P1>P2 and -1 kg.f/cm.sup.2 .ltoreq.P1-P3.ltoreq.0.5 kg.f/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell includes a color filter substrate and an opposite substrate which are overlapped on each other with a seal interposed therebetween. The seal has a liquid crystal inlet port through which liquid crystal is filled into a space enclosed by the seal between the substrates. A width of the liquid crystal inlet port is made wider than a width of an effective display area of the liquid crystal cell, so that, when the liquid crystal is filled into the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal flows uniformly without disturbing an orientation of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing a liquid crystal layer between a pair of oppositely disposed substrates each provide with an electrode in the form of stripes. The liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal disposed in a region which is enclosed by the pair of substrates and a sealing agent disposed so as to form a peripheral wall having an injection port. The liquid crystal device has an effective optical modulation region and a peripheral region, including the injection port other than the optical modulation region. On at least one substrate, at least one elongated projection having a height smaller than a thickness of the liquid crystal layer is formed in the peripheral region including the injection port and in a direction parallel to the stripe electrode on the same substrate and perpendicular to a liquid crystal injection direction.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an LCD panel in which the effective display area is great relative to the outside dimension. The LCD panel comprises an array substrate, a counter substrate and a light modulating layer obtained by injecting liquid crystal into the gap between these substrates. The array substrate includes a display area and a seal region formed around the display area. The display area includes data lines, scanning lines, switching devices controlled by the scanning lines and pixel electrodes connected to the data lines. The seal region includes a first wiring line constituted by a plurality of narrow lines and arranged along the seal line. The counter substrate has a counter electrode and is arranged opposite to the array substrate with a gap therebetween. The counter substrate is adhered to the array substrate in the seal region. A voltage is supplied to the counter electrode through the first wiring line.

Abstract: There is disclosed a ferroelectric liquid crystal device in which a pair of substrates and having electrodes are arranged so that the electrode surfaces face each other, a sealing agent is provided in the peripheral edge portions of the substrates, a liquid crystal injection port is opened in a part of the sealing agent, and a liquid crystal is injected from the injection port into a gap between both of the substrates. An intersection angle which is formed by the rubbing direction to orient the liquid crystal and the direction to inject the liquid crystal from the injection port lies within a range from -45.degree. to +45.degree..