Abstract: Technology is described for methods and systems for imaging an object (110). The method can include an image sensor (116) exposed to light (114) from an object (110) without passing the light through an image modification element. Light intensity of the light (114) can be stored as data in a medium. The image data can be analyzed at a processor (902) as a reconstructed image of the object (110).

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for side lobe control in holograms are described. The magnitude of the side lobes of a hologram depends on the distribution of refractive index modulation (?n), therefore control of side lobe magnitude may be achieved by controlling the distribution of ?n. The distribution of ?n may be controlled by replicating a hologram from a master with two reference beams, where the wavelength and angle of each reference beam, the playback angle of the master hologram, and the thickness of the master hologram, the copy holographic recording medium (HRM), and the recording substrate are carefully chosen to achieve a pattern of meta-interference within the HRM that matches the desired distribution of ?n.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus (200, 300, 400, 600) for producing volume reflection holograms with substrate-guided reconstruction beams, comprising: at least one transparent, planar carrier element (210, 310, 410, 610) comprising a first flat side (210.1) and a further flat side (210.2), at least one master element (206, 306, 406, 606) arrangeable at the first flat side (210.1) of the carrier element (210, 310, 410, 610) and at least one optical input coupling element (102, 202, 302, 402, 602) configured to optically couple a light beam (214, 216), wherein provision is made of at least one coupling portion (104, 204, 304, 404, 604) configured to mechanically establish an optical contact between the input coupling element (102, 202, 302, 402) and at least one holographic recording medium (208, 308, 408) providable on the further flat side (210.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a solution for providing a holographic projection. A plurality of holographic projecting mobile devices that are within a physical area are identified. A set of holographic object paths that can be projected using the identified holographic projecting mobile devices is determined. A holographic object path is selected from this set of holographic object paths. A holographic object is projected moving according to the holographic object path by the plurality of holographic projecting mobile devices.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a solution for providing a holographic projection. A plurality of holographic projecting mobile devices that are within a physical area are identified. A set of holographic object paths that can be projected using the identified holographic projecting mobile devices is determined. A holographic object path is selected from this set of holographic object paths. A holographic object is projected moving according to the holographic object path by the plurality of holographic projecting mobile devices.

Abstract: A method for producing holograms with a multiplicity of holographic prescriptions from a single master is provided. A multiplicity of holographic substrates each having a first hologram is stacked on a second holographic recording medium substrate. The first hologram is designed to diffract light from a first direction into a second direction. When expose to illumination from the first direction zero order and diffracted light from each first hologram interfere in the second holographic recording medium substrate forming a second hologram. The second hologram is then copied into a third holographic recording medium substrate to provide the final copy hologram.

Abstract: A measurement device (120) includes a light director and a spatial light modulator (130). The light director is disposed to direct light to the spatial light modulator (130) and the spatial light modulator (130) is disposed to receive light from the light director and to modulate it to form an intensity pattern. An optical element is disposed to receive light which formed the intensity pattern and is arranged to magnify the intensity pattern into a measurement space. A detector (142) is disposed to detect light reflected from the measurement space.

Abstract: An analytical method for computing a video hologram for a holographic reproduction device having at least one light modulation means is disclosed, wherein a scene split into object points is encoded as a whole hologram and can be seen as a reconstruction from a visibility region, located within a periodicity interval of the reconstruction. The visibility region, together with each object point of the scene to be reconstructed, defines a sub-hologram and the whole hologram is generated from a superposition of sub-holograms, wherein the complex hologram values of a sub-hologram are determined from the wave front of the respective object point to be reconstructed in a modulator region of the light modulation means, by calculating and evaluating the transmission or modulation functions of an imaging element formed in the modulator region. The object point to be reconstructed is located in the focal point of the imaging element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting apparatus comprising a laser source (2) for emitting laser light (3). The lighting apparatus further comprises a first laser light modification unit (7) for modifying an optical characteristic of the laser light, which first laser light modification unit (7) is situated at a first location, and a second laser light modification unit (8) for modifying an optical characteristic of the laser light, which second laser light modification unit (8) is situated at a second location. The lighting apparatus further comprises a laser light distribution modification unit (4) for modifying a laser light distribution (5, 6) directed onto at least one of the first and second laser light modification units (7, 8) from a first to a second laser light distribution which is different from the first laser light distribution.

Abstract: A process by which a multi-image type hologram, wherein one 3D image changes over to another depending on a viewing direction, can be fabricated in a simple construction, and a multi-image type hologram fabricated by that process. According to the process for the fabrication of a multi-image type hologram wherein one image changes over to another depending on a viewing direction, the area of a hologram recording material is divided into a plurality of sub-areas. Objects to be displayed on different images are holographically recorded in the respective sub-areas, using reference light having the same angle of incidence, images recorded in the respective sub-areas are simultaneously reconstructed from the recorded first-stage hologram, so that a second-stage hologram recording material is located near the reconstructed object images for recording them as a reflection or transmission type volume hologram.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a master for producing a hologram device is provided. The holographic image reconstructs when the photosensitive film of the hologram device is struck by a beam of light from a wide angle being defined relative to a perpendicular line to a surface of the photosensitive film.

Abstract: A Head Up Display can be utilized to find light from an energy source. The Head Up Display includes a first waveguide having a first input coupler and a first output coupler. The Head Up Display can also include a second waveguide having a second input coupler and a second output coupler. The first waveguide has a first major surface and the second waveguide has a second major surface, which are disposed approximately parallel to each other. The first waveguide and the second waveguide are positioned as a combiner and allowing viewing an outside feed and information from an image source. The first input coupler diffracts light in the first field of view into the first waveguide and light in a second field of view reaches the second input coupler and is diffracted into the second waveguide.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave concentrating system, comprising a photovoltaic material and at least one holographic concentrator. The holographic concentrator includes at least two stacked holographic optical elements (HOE). Each HOE is configured to diffract incident light into a diffracted beams having different ranges of wavelengths. The diffracted beams generated by each HOE are directed at the photovoltaic material.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for producing copies/replica of a volume reflection hologram wherein a holographic film (4) is guided over a drum with polygon cross-section having at least two planar (polygon) master surfaces (3) to each of which at least one master (7) is attached in the circumferential direction, where the film is brought into contact with at least one master hologram (7) and its entire surface is exposed to laser. It is essential that to at least one of the master surfaces (5) with the film guided over it, a laser exposure unit (22) is assigned which allows full exposure of the respective master surface to parallel, coherent laser beams (6), and that the at least one exposure unit (22) follows section wise the rotational movement of the drum by a splitting angle with equal velocity and exposes the corresponding master surface (5) to then be reset quickly again and perform the same angular displacement and exposure together with the next master surface.

Abstract: An image recording medium in which a refractive index modulation is recorded in a material in a layer such that, when the hologram recording medium is illuminated from a predetermined angle and a viewpoint is moved horizontally with respect to a normal line, a hologram image having continuous parallax in at least the horizontal direction is reproduced and that, when the viewpoint is moved in a direction with respect to the normal line different from the horizontal direction, another image that is different from and thus is not continuous with the hologram image is reproduced.

Abstract: According to one aspect and example, a method for recording holographic media and/or holographic master data masks includes recording at least a first hologram or information layer with a first holographic medium (e.g., a “submaster”) and recording at least a second information layer with a second holographic medium (e.g., a second “submaster”). The first information layer and the second information layer from the first and second holographic media are then sequentially reconstructed and stored with a single holographic master medium (e.g., a “master”). The holographic master may then be used to record the stored first and second information layers into additional holographic media, for example, into HROM devices or the like.

Abstract: A method and a device produce an individualized hologram from a generated light beam. According to the method, the light beam is individually modulated in a spatial light modulator, a holographic recording material is arranged relative to a holographic master, and the individually modulated light beam is guided in such a manner that at least part of the individually modulated light beam is refracted and/or reflected on the holographic master and an interference pattern representing the individualized hologram is produced in the holographic recording material. The individually modulated light beam is displaced relative to the holographic recording material and the holographic master to scan the entire holographic master. The recording material is arranged so as to rest on a cylindrical drum or a cylindrical drum segment and the drum is rotated about a drum axis of the drum or the drum segment during scanning of the holographic master.

Abstract: Embodiments related near-eye display devices having angularly multiplexed holograms are disclosed. One disclosed embodiment provides a near-eye display device including an image source, a waveguide, and a controller. The waveguide is configured to propagate light received the image source to a user of the near-eye display device, and includes a holographic grating comprising a plurality of angularly multiplexed holograms. The controller is configured to control display of an image via the image source.

Abstract: An image recording medium in which a refractive index modulation is recorded in a material in a layer such that, when the hologram recording medium is illuminated from a predetermined angle and a viewpoint is moved horizontally with respect to a normal line, a hologram image having continuous parallax in at least the horizontal direction is reproduced and that, when the viewpoint is moved in a direction with respect to the normal line different from the horizontal direction, another image that is different from and thus is not continuous with the hologram image is reproduced.

Abstract: A holographic replicator configured to mass-manufacture volumetric transmission holograms and including an imaging tank having a holographic master plate opposing a pneumatic absorber. When a segment of a recording film, moveable with respect to the master plate, is placed between the master plate and the pneumatic absorber, the pneumatic absorber is repositioned in space to locks the segment of the recording film between the master plate and the pneumatic absorber.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are described for producing a volume transmission hologram and/or a volume reflection hologram from a film (10) having a backing foil (12) and a holographic layer (14). In said method, the film (10) is guided over a drum (18), on which the film (10) is brought in contact with the master hologram (22). The master hologram (22) and the film (10) are simultaneously moved through an exposure zone (20). In the exposure zone (20), the film (10) and the master hologram (22) are irradiated with a linearly expanding exposure laser beam (32) in order to reproduce the master hologram (22) in the photopolymer layer (14). Both volume reflection and volume transmission holograms can be produced in the polymer layer (14) of the film (10) that is guided over the drum by means of only one drum (18).

Abstract: We describe methods of mass-producing full colour, 3D holograms, potentially incorporating a personalised image, which are particularly suitable for security purposes. Broadly speaking in embodiments a method generates, electronically, an interlaced image comprising a set of different views of a 3D object from different angles. This is projected onto a diffusing screen using coherent light and mapped from the screen into an angularly encoded object beam using a lenticular array. The different views in the angularly encoded object beam are then recorded simultaneously into holographic film using a reference beam.

Abstract: In an illustrative implementation of this invention, an animated holographic display is created as follows: Multiple HPO holograms in the shape of horizontal strips are recorded on an H2 medium. These horizontal strips are vertically displaced from each other. An animated real image is displayed by sequentially illuminating these HPO holograms. In illustrative implementations of this invention, the vertical perspective of at least some adjacent HPO stripes are identical.

Abstract: We describe techniques for recording a holographic image onto holographic recording film, in particular for security holograms. We thus describe a structure having a stack comprising the holographic recording film and a multichannel image generation device under the film. A three-dimensional object (or hologram of a 3D object) is provided, located under the multichannel image generation device. At least a portion of the multichannel image generation device is substantially transparent or absent in a region above the object. A holographic image is recorded in the film by illuminating the stack with laser light. The multichannel image generation device under the film may comprise a volume reflection hologram of a lenticularly generated image. The structure records a hologram of the 3D object in conjunction with a multi-channel holographic image.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a hologram that may generate a three-dimensional (3D) hologram pattern at a high speed may include a pattern setting unit to set points for which hologram patterns are to be generated with respect to a one-eighth area of an entire area for which a hologram pattern is to be generated, a calculation unit to calculate pattern values for a plurality of reference points selected with respect to the one-eighth area of the entire area, and to generate a pattern for the one-eighth area using recurrent interpolation, and a pattern duplicating unit to complete a pattern for the entire area by duplicating the generated pattern for the one-eighth area.

Abstract: A device for producing a reflection hologram by means of a master, which is formed by a substrate on which a saw-toothed shaped structure is formed by molding, mechanical or lithographical methods. The structure has a reflective finish, such that the desired surface is produced on the structure. The light of a laser light source is expanded by means of an optical device, thus enabling a beam having a predetermined beam width to be obtained. The beam radiates the master and is reflected by the structure at an angle ? in relation to the incident beam. Above the smooth surface arranged over the structure a photopolymer-film, containing a photo-sensitive layer that is disposed at a distance in relation to the structure, is arranged and the reflection hologram is produced in the photo-sensitive layer.

Abstract: A system and method for replicating optical data storage discs (e.g., holographic data storage discs) having multiple layers of data. Master discs providing for respective single layers of data are utilized, and each respective single layer of data from the master discs are replicate onto the optical data storage disc.

Abstract: A production method is provided by which a copied volume hologram from a multi-layer master is later customized by utilization of the color tuning properties of the light-curable materials used for the application onto personal documents. These holographic individual data, such as a passport photo, are also separately detectable, without the holographic elements copied from the master, that are visible under other viewing angles, impairing the visibility of the individual data. The volume hologram overlay obtained by this method is applied on personal and valuable documents to increase protection against forgery, possesses superimposed optically variable items of information that are separately visible under different viewing angles and give a defined color change under different view angles, wherein at least one of these items of optical information represents individual personal data, in particular a passport photograph.

Abstract: An image recording medium in which a refractive index modulation is recorded in a material in a layer such that, when the hologram recording medium is illuminated from a predetermined angle and a viewpoint is moved horizontally with respect to a normal line, a hologram image having continuous parallax in at least the horizontal direction is reproduced and that, when the viewpoint is moved in a direction with respect to the normal line different from the horizontal direction, another image that is different from and thus is not continuous with the hologram image is reproduced.

Abstract: A hologram medium manufacturing method that includes disposing a first pair of master hologram media with a predetermined interval so that the first pair of the master hologram media face each other; forming a master hologram in the master hologram media by irradiating the first pair of the master hologram media with spherical wave light and reference light so that the spherical wave light and the reference light interfere with each other in the master hologram media. The spherical wave light and the reference light have a focal point between the first pair of the master hologram media. The method also includes disposing a hologram medium between the first pair of the master hologram media; and forming a hologram in the hologram medium by irradiating the first pair of the master hologram media with the reference light.

Abstract: The exposure method includes the steps of: illuminating a hologram recording medium, in which a hologram with a first pattern has been recorded by illumination with a laser beam emitted from a first laser oscillator, with a laser beam emitted from a second laser oscillator; and delivering the laser beam emitted from the second laser oscillator, which has passed through the hologram recording medium, onto a resist, thereby forming a second pattern in the resist. The wavelength of the laser beam used for illuminating the resist through the hologram recording medium in which the hologram is recorded is shorter than the wavelength of the laser beam used for recording the hologram in the hologram recording medium. Further, the wavelength of the laser beam used for illuminating the resist is 1/(0.5×n) (where n is an integer not less than 3) that of the laser beam used for recording the hologram.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram in which a visually unidentifiable microtext or other micropattern of the order of 10 ?m is recorded, and a process for the fabrication of the same. A volume hologram recording material 2 is located on the side of a reflection type volume hologram master 1 onto which copying illumination light 11 is incident, and the copying illumination light 11 incident onto the recording material 2 and light 12 diffracted through the master 1 interfere together in the volume hologram recording material 2 thereby copying the reflection type volume hologram master.

Abstract: Described is a process for the production of a multi-layer body having a volume hologram with at least two different items of image information, wherein a photosensitive layer (46) of the multi-layer body is directly or with the interposition of a transparent optical medium (44s, 45) brought into contact with the front side of a master (44), in which interlaced regions with different asymmetrical surface structures or kinoform structures are shaped, which embody the at least two different items of image information. The photosensitive layer (46) and the master are exposed with a coherent light beam (47) whereby a volume hologram is formed in the photosensitive layer (46). Also described are a master for the production of the multi-layer body and a security element having said multi-layer body.

Abstract: HROM replication methods, devices or systems are disclosed herein. Also disclosed herein are articles comprising conical reference (reconstruction) beam hologram elements to generate conical or conical like reference (reconstruction) beams which may be used in such HROM replication methods, devices or systems. Further disclosed herein are articles comprising a target medium which may be used in such HROM replication methods, devices or systems.

Abstract: Methods and systems for duplicating holograms, including illuminating a master hologram using a first portion of a beam to generate a data beam, recording a copy hologram using a second portion of the beam and the data beam, where the master hologram and the copy hologram are arranged such that the second portion of the beam avoids the master hologram.

Abstract: An image recording medium in which a refractive index modulation is recorded in a material in a layer such that, when the hologram recording medium is illuminated from a predetermined angle and a viewpoint is moved horizontally with respect to a normal line, a hologram image having continuous parallax in at least the horizontal direction is reproduced and that, when the viewpoint is moved in a direction with respect to the normal line different from the horizontal direction, another image that is different from and thus is not continuous with the hologram image is reproduced.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a master for producing a hologram device is provided. The holographic image reconstructs when the photosensitive film of the hologram device is struck by a beam of light from a wide angle being defined relative to a perpendicular line to a surface of the photosensitive film.

Abstract: Methods and systems for optimizing hologram duplication, including illuminating a first master hologram to generate a first data beam modulated by the first master hologram, recording a first copy hologram using the first data beam and a reference beam, analyzing a light field generated by the first copy hologram, and generating a second master hologram to be used in recording a second copy hologram according to the light field generated and a desired light field.

Abstract: Three-dimensional holographic elements are disclosed. Three-dimensional Bragg gratings recorded on bulks of optical material are included in the disclosure. Such elements may be manufactured by placing a three-dimensional bulk of optical material directly behind a recorded master hologram, directing a reference beam onto a master hologram such that a replica of the master hologram is recorded in the optical material. The replica may form the three-dimensional holographic element. The master hologram may be Bragg grating formed on a surface of a transparent substrate.

Abstract: To provide a method for manufacturing a holographic recording medium and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, by which effects of distortion or irregularities of the surface of an exposure object can be reduced. The method includes the steps of: splitting a laser beam emitted from a laser oscillator into a first laser beam and a second laser beam, and forming a fringe pattern in a holographic recording medium by illuminating the holographic recording medium with the first laser beam through a mask and illuminating the holographic recording medium with the second laser beam. The mask is a substrate having a light-shielding film formed over its surface.

Abstract: A multicolor hologram (e.g., a two-color hologram) is replicated (copied) into a photosensitive layer by masking to produce a copy (replicate) of the hologram in a manner such that the copy is an accurate and true replication of the hologram (e.g., master hologram) and the copy is characterized to possess a high brightness level and color fidelity comparable to that of the multicolor hologram that was replicated. Both flood and scan modes can be employed in the replication.

Abstract: A method of recording an object image of a first hologram as a second hologram is provided. A first hologram is recorded at a first angle of reconstruction and a holographic recording medium is provided. An object beam is directed through the first hologram at the first angle of reconstruction to reconstruct the object image on the recording medium. The recording medium is struck with a reference beam at a second angle of reconstruction to form a wave interference pattern with the object beam. The second angle of reconstruction is between 45 and 90 degrees. The wave interference pattern is recorded. A switch is provided that includes a hologram that has an angle of reconstruction between 45 and 90 degrees. A reproducing light source is positioned to direct light through the hologram at the angle of reconstruction to form a holographic image at a predetermined distance from the hologram. The switch includes a detector that detects the presence of an object proximate to the holographic image.

Abstract: There is provided an exposing device including: a light emitting element array of plural light emitting elements arrayed in a row with a first separation along a predetermined direction; and a hologram element array in which plural hologram elements are multiplex recorded in a recording layer disposed above the light emitting element array, the plural hologram elements corresponding to each of the plural light emitting elements such that diffracted beams of light emitted from the plural light emitting elements are converged to form focused beam spots in a row along the predetermined direction with a second separation smaller than the first separation at an surface to be exposed.

Abstract: A multicolor hologram (e.g., a two-color hologram) is replicated (copied) into a photosensitive layer by masking to produce a copy (replicate) of the hologram in a manner such that the copy is an accurate and true replication of the hologram (e.g., master hologram), and the copy is characterized to possess a high brightness level and color fidelity comparable to that of the multicolor hologram that was replicated. Both flood and scan modes can be employed in the replication.

Abstract: Provided is an optical information recording method and an optical information recording medium, which can achieve easy duplication in holographic recording. The optical information recording method is for recording information to an optical information recording medium 4 which includes an information recording layer to which information is recorded using holography. In the method, virtual information light 6 composed of information light 2 to which information is added by spatially modulating at least a part of light ray flux emitted from a light source and of recording-specific reference light 3 is generated, and virtual information light 6 and virtual recording-specific reference light 8 are irradiated onto the information recording layer so that information is recorded thereto by interference pattern generated by interference between virtual information light 6 and virtual recording-specific reference light 8.

Abstract: In a reproducing apparatus adapted to reproduce data recorded on a holographic recording medium, a reference light generator generates reference light for illuminating the holographic recording medium, and a coherent light generator generates coherent light having an intensity greater than the absolute value of a minimum amplitude of a reproduced image and having a phase equal to the phase of the reproduced image. An image signal acquisition unit senses the reproduced image produced by illuminating the holographic recording medium with the reference light and the coherent light, and acquires an image signal based on the reproduced image. A square root calculation unit calculates the square root of each of values constituting the image signal. A removal unit removes the component of the coherent light from the calculated square root, whereby the data recorded on the holographic recording medium is correctly reproduced.

Abstract: A single method and apparatus for producing many of the most common types of hologram from digital data is disclosed. The data are generated entirely by a computer as a 3-D (animated) model or from multiple 2-D camera images taken of a real 3-D (moving) object or scene from a plurality of different camera positions. The data are digitally processed and displayed on a small high resolution spatial light modulator (SLM). A compact low energy pulsed laser, is used to record composite holograms. The present invention permits the creation of restricted or full parallax master transmission or reflection type composite holograms, known as H1 holograms, that can be copied using traditional methods. Alternatively the same invention and apparatus permits the direct writing of hologram without the need to pass through the intermediate stage of the H1 transmission hologram.

Abstract: A holographic exposure apparatus may include a main body, a mask stage supported by the body, a holographic mask supported by the mask stage, and a driving unit disposed between the body and mask stage. A holographic exposure apparatus may include an object supported by a substrate stage, a holographic mask spaced apart from the object and supported by a mask stage, a main body supported by the mask stage, and a driving unit disposed between the mask stage and body to control a gap between the mask stage and body. A holographic exposure apparatus may include a main body, a mask stage supported by the body, a holographic mask supported by the mask stage, and a piezoelectric element disposed between the body and mask stage. The body may include a support arm that supports the element. The mask stage may include a seat arm that supports the element.

Abstract: A holographic exposure apparatus may include an object to be exposed, a holographic mask on which a pattern to be transferred onto the object is formed, a stage to support the mask, and a gap adjustment unit disposed between the mask and stage in order to move the mask relative to the stage. A holographic exposure apparatus also may include an object to be exposed, a mask spaced apart from the object, a holder that holds the mask, and a stage on which the holder is movably mounted such that a gap between the mask and object is adjusted. In addition, a holographic exposure apparatus may include a stage, a prism supported by the stage, a mask spaced apart from the prism and supported by the stage, and a gap adjustment unit disposed between the mask and stage in order to move the mask relative to the prism.

Abstract: An apparatus for replicating holographically recorded data, comprising a holographic master media having holographically recorded data thereon; a holographic copy media; a light source for generating a master reference beam and a copy reference beam, coherent with the first object beam, the first master reference beam incident on the holographic master media, the holographic master media diffracting the master reference beam to provide a first object beam; the copy reference beam incident on the holographic copy media; and a first optical relay system, disposed between the holographic master media and the holographic copy media, for relaying the first object beam from the holographic master media to the holographic copy media, the holographic copy media recording an interference pattern between the first object beam and the copy reference beam, thereby replicating at least a portion of holographically recorded data.