Abstract: Invention Patent: Rays tridimensional capture camera and television television to produce a real image formed in the front and in the back surface of said television; parallel rays filter devices; leveled liquid crystals or optical cells movement or parallel rays filter with a set of moving lenses including multifocal flexible lenses; methods for obtaining these said devices. The present invention refers to a tridimensional capture of rays by a camera and rays emission with a real image formation by a television. Rays capture and emission are carried out by a parallel rays filter. Parallel rays filter devices are: leveled liquid crystals by opening of windows with the same colors in each surface. Movements of an optical cells set with vertexes in set base; or a parallel rays filter with a set of moveable lenses including multifocal flexible lenses supported on an inclined base. Filtered rays fall upon a coupled charge device (CCD). Image reproduction is reversely made into a monitor.

Abstract: A polarization element includes: a substrate; and a plurality of grid sections arranged on the substrate, wherein the grid sections each have protruding sections and recessed sections alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the grid sections at a pitch shorter than a wavelength of incident light, in the plurality of grid sections, the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a proportion (D=L/P) of a length L of the protruding section to the arrangement pitch P of the protruding sections is the same, and a height of the protruding sections is different between the grid sections adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A phase mask includes a phase modulation layer that modulates a phase of different portions of incident light, differently, such that a different optical phase delay, in a range between 0 and 2? is imparted to different portions of the incident light. A hologram recording apparatus includes a light source; a signal beam optical system that divides a beam emitted from the light source into a reference beam and a signal beam, modulates the signal beam according to hologram pixel information, and radiates the signal beam onto a hologram recording medium. The signal beam optical system includes the phase mask. The hologram recording apparatus also includes a reference beam optical system that radiates the reference beam onto the hologram recording medium.

Abstract: A holographic image forming system is provided. The use of an image slicing process and/or the arrangement of half-cylindrical lens in the optical path of an optical light wave and upstream of the film is effective to reduce the times of multiple exposures of the film. As a consequence, the brightness of the reconstructed image is enhanced.

Abstract: An optical phase processing system for a scattering medium. A first beam has a direction and a wavefront and the first beam is configured to enter a holographic recording medium. A scattering medium is illuminated by a signal beam generating at least one scattered beam. An interference pattern is recorded from the at least one scattered beam and the first beam. A second beam is generated in a direction opposite to the direction of the first beam, the second beam having a wavefront and a phase substantially opposite to a phase of the wavefront of the first beam, and the second beam is configured to enter the holographic recording medium. The second beam and the interference pattern interact to generate at least one reconstructed beam having a phase substantially opposite to a phase of the at least one scattered beam, and the at least one reconstructed beam is configured to be viewable through the scattering medium.

Abstract: A virtual image display device with an optical waveguide to guide, by internal total reflection, parallel pencil groups meeting a condition of internal total reflection, a first reflection volume hologram grating to diffract and reflect the parallel pencil groups incident upon the optical waveguide from outside and traveling in different directions as they are so as to meet the condition of internal total reflection inside the optical waveguide and a second reflection volume hologram grating to project the parallel pencil groups guided by internal total reflection inside the optical waveguide as they are from the optical waveguide by diffraction and reflection thereof so as to depart from the condition of internal total reflection inside the optical waveguide.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses, methods, and lithographic systems for holographic mask inspection. A holographic mask inspection system (300, 600, 700) includes an illumination source (330), a spatial filter (350), and an image sensor (380). The illumination source being configured to illuminate a radiation beam (331) onto a target portion of a mask (310). The spatial filter (350) being arranged in a Fourier transform pupil plane of an optical system (390, 610, 710), where the spatial filter receives at least a portion of a reflected radiation beam (311) from the target portion of the mask. The optical system being arranged to combine (360, 660, 740) the portion of the reflected radiation beam (311) with a reference radiation beam (361, 331) to generate a combined radiation beam. Further, the image sensor (380) being configured to capture holographic image of the combined radiation beam. The image may contain one or more mask defects.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system that provides a holographic layer as a micro-lens array and/or a color filter array in an imager. The method of writing the holographic layer results in overlapping areas in the hologram for corresponding adjacent pixels in the imager which increases collection of light at the pixels, thereby increasing quantum efficiency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for shear-corrected digital hologram acquisition, wherein the shear-corrected geometry is highly suited for two (or more) color operation with either broadband or laser illumination. An apparatus for shear-corrected recording of a spatially heterodyne hologram with broad-band or laser illumination includes: an illumination source; a beamsplitter optically coupled to said illumination source(s); a reference beam corner-mirror pair for translation and phase-shaping of the object beam optically coupled to the beamsplitter; an object optically coupled to the beamsplitter; a focusing lens optically coupled to both the reference beam corner-mirror pair and the object; and a digital recorder optically coupled to the focusing lens. A reference beam is incident upon the translating and phase-shaping corner-mirror pair, and the reference beam and an object beam are focused by the focusing lens at a focal plane of the digital recorder to form a spatially heterodyne hologram.

Abstract: A holographic information recording and/or reproducing apparatus including: a light source unit emitting reference light and signal light; a first optical path guiding unit guiding the lights to cross; a second optical path guiding unit including a first polarization converter located on an optical path of one of the reference and signal lights, a first polarization beam splitter located at a crossing point of the reference light and the signal light, an optical path converter guiding the reference light and the signal light so that they cross again, a second polarization converter located on an optical path of the signal light before the signal light crosses the reference light, and a second polarization beam splitter uniting the optical paths of the reference light and the signal light; and an objective lens unit illuminating the reference light and the signal light onto one side of a holographic information storage medium.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling an at least partly automatically implementable driving maneuver by which a motor vehicle can be moved from an actual position into a desired position. In the environment of the motor vehicle, a virtual target object is generated in a target position for the motor vehicle in the environment of the motor vehicle by projection using projection devices provided on the motor vehicle. As a function of operating actions of an operator of the motor vehicle, the target position is changed, whereby also the target object is displaced in the environment of the motor vehicle. And, by way of a selecting action of the operator, the changed target position is selected and utilized as the desired position of the driving maneuver.

Abstract: A light irradiation device includes: a focus servo control unit including a light source, a spatial light modulating unit, and a light irradiating unit, for focus servo control so that the ideal focal position of light via an objective lens is such that distance between an ideal focal position and a hologram recording medium surface is smaller than distance from the surface to the lower layer side face of the recording layer, and the focal position of light via the objective lens is constant at the ideal focal position; an objective-lens/relay-lens distance adjusting unit to adjust distance between the objective lens and a relay lens close to the objective lens; a light reception unit to receive marker light; and a constant distance control unit to control the objective-lens/relay-lens distance adjusting unit based on error between the ideal position of the marker light, and the actual position of the marker light.

Abstract: A method and system for providing multi-color holographic optical traps and patterns. The method and system employs a laser beam which interacts with a diffractive optical element with a hologram and for optics which acts to selectively pass or attenuate different light color wavelengths and to position the particular color light at selected different locations to form the different color holographic optical trap patterns and to use these patterns for various commercial purposes.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording/reproducing holographic data and a method of adjusting a position of a recording layer. While an objective lens focusing first and second lights having different wavelengths on a holographic data storage medium including first and second reflective layers reciprocatingly moves in a direction of an optical axis, a focus movement unit, which moves a focus of the second light in the direction of the optical axis until a time difference between a first detection signal generated when the first light is reflected from the first reflective layer and a second detection signal generated when the second light is reflected from the second reflective layer becomes a value corresponding to a position of a desired recording layer, is controlled to move a focal position of the second light so that the focal position of the second light can be adjusted to the position of a desired recording layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for recording holograms on an optical medium, in particular on an optically addressable spatial light modulation device. For this purpose, the apparatus comprises an illumination device for emitting light, an optical medium, an image source having at least one modulation element, and an arrangement of microlenses. In this case, the arrangement of microlenses is arranged at a distance from the optical medium in such a way that the image focal points of the microlenses lie on the optical medium, such that the hologram can be generated on the optical medium.

Abstract: A holographic information recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes: a light source to emit light; a polarization conversion device to form a polarized signal beam and an orthogonal polarized reference beam; an optical path forming optical system to separate the optical paths of the signal beam and the reference beam; a focus adjustment optical system disposed on the optical path of at least one of the signal beam and the reference beam, and to vary a position of a focus of at least one of the signal beam and the reference beam in a depth direction of the holographic information storage medium; an objective lens to focus the signal beam and the reference beam in the holographic information storage medium, and form an interference pattern to record information; and a 4f relay system disposed on an optical path between the focus adjustment optical system and the objective lens.

Abstract: A holographic information recording and/or reproducing apparatus, including a light source to emit light; a polarization forming optical system to form a polarized signal beam and a polarized reference beam from the light emitted from the light source, wherein the polarized signal beam and the polarized reference beam are incident on a holographic information storage medium through an identical surface; a focusing optical system to focus the polarized signal beam and the polarized reference beam onto in the holographic information storage medium so that information is recorded by an interference pattern; and an adjustment optical system to set the focal positions of the polarized signal beam and the polarized reference beam, and to adjust a difference between a path of the polarized signal beam and a path of the polarized reference beam.

Abstract: A compact and low-cost hologram reproducing apparatus with a simple mechanism is provided. A light source 1 and a lens 11 for generating parallel light are provided on an inner surface of a housing 5. By changing the angle of a biaxially driven galvanometer mirror 2 provided at an appropriate position opposing the light source 1 and the lens 11, reflected light is applied two-dimensionally, in the vertical and horizontal directions, on a recording element 3 mounted below and adjacent to the housing, and is entered as reference light in holograms. Further, light beams exiting from the holograms are received at the same optimal position on a light-receiving element 4 disposed in an upper part of the housing. The received light is subjected to data decoding so as to reproduce read-only holograms.

Abstract: An image processing system, for correlating shapes in multi-dimensional images including image data processor for estimating a similarity measure including estimating two image signals representing shapes defined in respective windows in two multi-dimensional images using a Hermite Transform applied to both the image signals for performing an evaluation of two first sets of scalar valued Hermite coefficients from which a combination yields a transformed set of scalar valued Hermite coefficients {KI}. The inverse Hermite Transform is applied to the transformed set of scalar valued Hermite coefficients to achieve the computation of a windowed correlation function. The maximum of the windowed correlation function is estimated as the wanted similarity measure to correlate the shapes. The correlated shapes and/or processed images are displayed.

Abstract: A system and a method for holographic storage mainly involve forming a holographic interference pattern in a holographic recording medium. The holographic storage system utilizes a light source to emit a coherent beam. The coherent beam is irradiated to a first reflector to form a divergent beam. The divergent beam is then irradiated to a second reflector to form collimating beams (a signal beam and a reference beam). The signal beam goes through a spatial light modulator (SLM) and is modulated by the SLM. After that, the reference beam and the modulated signal beam are irradiated to a convergent unit, and are directed to the holographic recording medium for forming the holographic interference pattern. The holographic storage system that the light source is split into a signal beam and a reference beam by a set of reflectors according to the reflection principle without involving refraction may employ wavelength multiplexing.

Abstract: A single method and apparatus for producing many of the most common types of hologram from digital data is disclosed. The data are generated entirely by a computer as a 3-D (animated) model or from multiple 2-D camera images taken of a real 3-D (moving) object or scene from a plurality of different camera positions. The data are digitally processed and displayed on a small high resolution spatial light modulator (SLM). A compact low energy pulsed laser, is used to record composite holograms. The present invention permits the creation of restricted or full parallax master transmission or reflection type composite holograms, known as H1 holograms, that can be copied using traditional methods. Alternatively the same invention and apparatus permits the direct writing of hologram without the need to pass through the intermediate stage of the H1 transmission hologram.

Abstract: An optical recording medium which comprises a holographic recording layer on which information is recorded by means of holography, a light shield member fixed to at least one of main surfaces of the holographic recording layer, a control electrode for controlling a light transmission state of the light shield member, wherein, the light shield member has a plurality of pixels obtained by dividing the light shield member on a recording unit region basis, and the light transmission state can be controlled pixel by pixel.

Abstract: A system and a method for holographic storage mainly involve forming a holographic interference pattern in a holographic recording medium. The holographic storage system utilizes a light source to emit a coherent beam. The coherent beam is irradiated to a first reflector to form a divergent beam. The divergent beam is then irradiated to a second reflector to form collimating beams (a signal beam and a reference beam). The signal beam goes through a spatial light modulator (SLM) and is modulated by the SLM. After that, the reference beam and the modulated signal beam are irradiated to a convergent unit, and are directed to the holographic recording medium for forming the holographic interference pattern. The holographic storage system that the light source is split into a signal beam and a reference beam by a set of reflectors according to the reflection principle without involving refraction may employ wavelength multiplexing.

Abstract: A hologram fabricating apparatus includes a coherent light generator, two micro-display devices and a telecentric system. The coherent light generator provides a first coherent light and a second coherent light. Each micro-display device has a plurality of pixel elements laid thereon. The first coherent light and the second coherent light project respectively to the two micro-display devices. The telecentric system is located between the micro-display devices and a photoresist sheet to converge the projecting light on the photoresist sheet to generate interference stripes. Each pixel element may be adjusted independently to determine whether the first coherent light and the second coherent light projected to the pixel element to be projected to the telecentric system.

Abstract: The invention automates determination of the quantity of a index matching liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for displaying three-dimensional images. In the method light beams (Le) are associated to several different screen points (P) of a screen (20). The light beams (Le) produce different views associated to different emission directions (E). The emission directions (E) are associated to the individual screen points (P). The light beams (Le) are generated by projecting light beams (Ld), according to the angle of the adjacent emitting directions. According to the invention, light beams (Le) without viewing direction information are generated, essentially simultaneously, with pixels (Cd) having different co-ordinates. These pixels (Cd) are pixels of a two-dimension display (50), and they are associated to different emitting directions (E) of the appropriate screen points (P).

Abstract: A system for recording and reading out holograms in a storage medium including a pattern encoder, a first fourier transform lens with a focal length f1, a second fourier transform lens with a focal length f2, a detector array, and a first and second prism. The first prism is located between the pattern encoder and the first fourier transform lens, wherein the optical length between the pattern encoder and the first fourier transform lens through the first prism is equal to a back focal length BFL1. The second prism located between the second fourier transform lens f2 and the detector array, wherein the optical path length between the second fourier transform lens and the detector array through the second prism is equal to a back focal length BFL2.

Abstract: A method for making a secure identification document with multiple images is provided. Information is provided to an information bearing layer, the information constructed and arranged to be capable of providing multiple images when the printed information is viewed at different predetermined angles through an appropriate lens. At least a portion of the information is covered with a layer of a substantially a transparent film material. A lens profile is embossed onto a first portion of the substantially transparent film material, wherein the first portion of the substantially transparent film material comprises an area that is less than the entire layer of substantially transparent film material and wherein the first location substantially coincides with the location of the information.

Abstract: The invention is directed to self-referenced holographic recording techniques that make use of a diffusive element. Self-referenced holography refers to holographic recording techniques in which a reference beam is created from a zero frequency Fourier component of a data encoded object beam. In accordance with the invention, a diffusive element can be positioned in a holographic recording system to create the reference beam from the zero frequency Fourier component of the data encoded object beam. Using a diffusive element to create a reference beam in self-referenced holography can provide advantages to the self-referenced holographic recording system.

Abstract: An optical display provided with a hologram element and a light source, wherein the hologram is a reflection hologram formed by a light beam which is obtained by utilizing light passing through a slit and has information on an object and a reference light beam which has an incident ligth path different from that of the light having the information on an object, and the reproduced image of the object is displayed using the light from the light source.

Abstract: A method of recording a surface relief microstructure in a record medium includes: i) causing a coherent reconstruction or replay beam to impinge on a holographic optical element assembly, the holographic optical element assembly including a holographic optical element (HOE), the assembly causing selected portions of the beam to interfere at a focal region after diffraction by the holographic optical element so as to reconstruct a real image of an aperture previously used to construct the HOE; ii) locating a record medium at the focal region so that the real image is recorded; and, iii) causing relative movement between the record medium and the interfering beam portions and repeating steps i) and ii) so that the real image is recorded at a plurality of locations or pixels on the record medium.

Abstract: [Object] To automate determination of the quantity of a index matching liquid.

Abstract: A phase-conjugate holographic data storage device capable of enhancing the characteristics of recording and reproducing data by using a focusing lens is provided. The holographic data storage device includes a focusing lens which focuses an object beam having data, a spatial light modulator which is located on the optical path of the object beam passing through the focusing lens and modulates the object beam, and a data recording medium which records an interference pattern generated by interference between a reference beam and the object beam passing through the spatial light modulator and converging into a focus. The focusing lens is a focusing lens having at least two different focuses. The holographic data storage device is capable of effectively reducing a dc term having a bad influence on the characteristics of recording data, minimizing the size of a data unit, that is, a spot, and thus enhancing the density of recording data.

Abstract: In a light unit that converts a false linear light into which a light from a point light source has been converted by a columnar light guide, into a planar light by a plate-shaped light guide, the point light source is arranged only at an end of the columnar light guide at which an angle between a longitudinal direction of the columnar light guide and ridge lines of recesses and projections forming a prism surface is obtuse. Thus, a positional relationship between the point light source and the ridge lines is set so that a main irradiation direction of band-shaped light emitted from the columnar light guide and which has been obtained by converting the light from the point light source to a false linear light is not substantially orthogonal to the ridge lines of the recesses and projections forming the prism surface of the plate-shaped light guide. Consequently, light obtained by totally reflecting this band-shaped light is unlikely to be viewed.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for producing and displaying a one-step, edge-lit hologram. For production, an object beam and an edge-lit reference beam are directed at holographic recording material and to interfere with one another. The holographic recording material and the object beam and edge-lit reference beam are then translated with respect to one another. The translation successively exposes multiple portions of the holographic recording material to the interference of the object beam and the edge-lit reference beam to record an edge-lit hologram on the holographic recording material. In one embodiment, the holographic recording material is moved while the object beam and the edge-lit reference beam remain generally stationary. In another embodiment, the object beam and the edge-lit reference beam move in unison with each other while the holographic recording material remains generally stationary.

Abstract: A holographic security device comprising first and second holographic generating structures (2,3) recorded in respective sets of substantially non-overlapping regions of a record medium is disclosed. The regions of one set are interleaved with regions of the other set, whereby both interleaved line structures are substantially non-visible to the unaided eye, whereby the holographic security device generates two or more holographic images (A,B) viewed from separate viewing directions around the device and normally seen by tilting the device. Each particular holographic image in a viewing direction is generated in whole or part by the holographic structure associated with one set of interleaved lines.

Abstract: A description is provided of an optical information recording and reproducing apparatus employing a holographic memory. The apparatus includes a mask disposed in an optical path of the signal light beam so as to cover a light intensity distribution of the signal light beam incident into the holographic memory at nearly a half portion thereof with respect to the center of the distribution of the zeroth-order diffracted light of the signal light beam. The center of a region of the holographic memory where the signal light beam and the reference light beam intersect with each other, is shifted by a distance substantially equal to twice the distance between peaks of the zeroth-order diffracted light or the first-order diffracted light of the signal light beam.

Abstract: Methods of producing holograms to be used in the SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR THE RECORDING AND PROJECTION OF IMAGES IN SUBSTANTIALLY 3-DIMENSIONAL FORMAT that is the subject of U.S. Pat. No. 6,224,562.

Abstract: This invention discloses optical system and method for writing a refractive index pattern in a light transmissive or light absorbing sample. A light source for providing a short pulse laser beam in the femtosecond range having a low power per unit area is coupled to provide the short pulse beam to a diffractive optical element. A curved mirror collects light transmitted through or reflected from the diffractive optical element preserves an image relating to characteristics of the diffractive optical element encoded within the collected light, and directs the collected light in wavelength independent manner while preserving the image of the diffractive optical element encoded within the collected light. A rod lens demagnifies the image within the light received from the curved mirror so as to increase its power per unit area when directed to the light transmissive or absorbing sample to be permanently impressed therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor (9) comprising a hologram (17) supported on or within a holographic support medium (10).A species to be detected is reactive with a substance disposed throughout, the sensor (9). Optionally, a chemical reactive with a species to be detected or a specific binding conjugate of a species to be detected is disposed throughout part of or all of the sensor (9).The resulting reaction(s) cause(s) variation(s) in the hologram (17) or holographic support medium (10) which in turn varies one or more optical characteristic(s) of the hologram (17).The variation in the optical characteristic(s) of the hologram (17) and/or the holographic support medium (10), preferably give(s) rise to a wavelength shift in incident radiation. The variation of the optical parameter is related to the species to be detected.The advantages of the sensor are that it is cheap, easy to manufacture and, once calibrated, reliable and robust.

Abstract: An optical device for receiving incident light having a minimum wavelength, and for producing a resultant light containing an optical image. The device includes a first material having a first index of refraction and a surface embossed with an optical interference pattern, and a second material having a second index of refraction deposited onto the embossed surface of the first material. The depth of deposition is at least equal to three quarters of the minimum wavelength component of the incident light within the second material.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for making a hologram wherein interference patterns to be recorded on a hologram plate are prevented from travelling, thereby enabling a high quality hologram to be made.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making holographic images by recording an array of pixels which together form a two or three dimensional composite image. Each pixel corresponds to a sampling of just those rays which would pass through a given point on the surface of an ordinary hologram. Every common type of hologram can be made by this method, including 2D/3D holograms, stereograms, and full color holograms. Each pixel is a white light viewable hologram generated by recording a small hologram near the narrowest part of a converging bundle of rays of coherent light, usually with each ray corresponding to one point on the object, and the rays in a pixel being confined to a horizontal plane intersecting the surface of the object.