Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to magnetic recording devices with stable magnetization. The magnetic recording device comprises a lower leading shield, an upper leading shield disposed on the lower leading shield, a main pole disposed above the upper leading shield, a trailing shield disposed above the main pole and upper leading shield, and an upper return pole disposed above the trailing shield. A first non-magnetic layer is disposed between the lower leading shield and the upper leading shield, and a second non-magnetic layer is disposed between the trailing shield and the upper return pole. The lower leading shield has a different domain state than the upper leading shield, and the trailing shield and the upper leading shield have a same domain state. The materials and thickness of the first and second non-magnetic layers result in magnetostatic coupling or anti-ferromagnetic coupling.

Abstract: A magnetic field detection device includes a base, a first yoke, and a magneto-resistive effect element. The first yoke is provided on the base, and includes first and second principal surfaces each extending along a first plane, and a first end surface coupling the first and second principal surfaces. The magneto-resistive effect element is provided on the base, and includes a magnetization free layer disposed at a position overlapped with the first yoke in a first direction along the first plane. The first end surface includes an inverted tapered surface inclined relative to the first plane and extending closer to a center point of the magnetization free layer as being away from the base in a second direction orthogonal to the first plane. A distance from the center point to a first edge is shorter than a distance from the center point to a second edge.

Abstract: A magnetic device includes a stacked body including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a non-magnetic layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer; a first insulating layer which covers side surfaces of the stacked body; and a radiator located outside the first insulating layer with respect to the stacked body, in which a distance between the stacked body and the radiator differs depending on a position of the stacked body in a stacking direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally directed towards magnetic recording systems comprising a dual free layer (DFL) read head and a magnetic recording head having stable magnetization. The magnetic recording head comprises a main pole disposed at a media facing surface (MFS), and a plurality of shields, such as a lower leading shield, an upper leading shield, a pair of side shields, and a trailing shield. Each of the shields individually comprises a first leg disposed at and parallel to the MFS and a second leg coupled to the first leg, the second leg being recessed from the MFS. When the kind of magnetization initialization needed by the DFL read head is applied to the magnetic recording head during the manufacturing process, the second leg of each of the shields of the magnetic recording device causes the magnetization directions of the shields to individually switch to a stable state.

Abstract: Provided are magnetoresistance effect element and a Heusler alloy in which an amount of energy required to rotate magnetization can be reduced. The magnetoresistance effect element includes a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a non-magnetic layer positioned between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, in which at least one of the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer is a Heusler alloy in which a portion of elements of an alloy represented by Co2Fe?Z? is substituted with a substitution element, in which Z is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, Al, Si, Ga, Ge, and Sn, ? and ? satisfy 2.3??+?, ?<?, and 0.5<?<1.9, and the substitution element is an element different from the Z element and has a smaller magnetic moment than Co.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a read head of a data storage device. The read head includes a read sensor sandwiched between two shields. The shields can have different materials as well as a different number of layers. Furthermore the shields can be fabricated by different processes and have different heights and thicknesses. The ratio of the thickness to the height for the shields are substantially identical to ensure that the saturation field are substantially identical and balanced.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a dual free layer (DFL) two dimensional magnetic recording (TDMR) read head. The read head comprises a first sensor, a first rear hard bias (RHB) structure disposed adjacent to the first sensor, an upper shield disposed over the first sensor and first RHB structure, a lower shield disposed over the upper shield, a second sensor disposed over the lower shield, and a second RHB structure disposed adjacent to the second sensor. A first surface of the first sensor is substantially flush or aligned with a first surface of the first RHB structure. A first surface of the second sensor is substantially flush or aligned with a first surface of the second RHB structure. The upper shield extends linearly from a media facing surface into the read head. The first lower shield is over-milled a greater amount of time than the second lower shield.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to magnetic storage devices, such as magnetic tape drives, comprising a read head. The read head comprises a plurality of read sensors disposed between a lower shield having a first width in a stripe height direction and an upper shield. The plurality of read sensors comprise an antiferromagnetic layer and a free layer comprising a first layer and a second layer. A plurality of soft bias side shields disposed adjacent to and outwardly of the plurality of read sensors in a cross-track direction, each of the plurality of soft bias side shields having a second width in the stripe height direction less than the first width. Each of the plurality of soft bias side shields are spaced a first distance from the lower shield and a second distance from the upper shield, the first distance being substantially equal to the second distance.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to magnetic recording heads of magnetic recording devices. A read head includes a first reader, an insulating separation layer, and a second reader disposed above the insulating separation layer. The second reader includes a magnetic seed layer and a cap layer. The second reader includes a first upper free layer disposed between the magnetic seed layer and the cap layer, and a second upper free layer disposed between the first upper free layer and the cap layer. The second reader includes a barrier layer. In one implementation the second reader includes an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer disposed between the magnetic seed layer and the insulating separation layer to pin the magnetic seed layer.

Abstract: A hard magnet stabilization scheme is disclosed for a top shield and junction shields for double or triple dimension magnetic reader structures. In one design, the hard magnet (HM) adjoins a top or bottom surface of all or part of a shield domain such that the HM is recessed from the air bearing surface to satisfy reader-to-reader spacing requirements and stabilizes a closed loop magnetization in the top shield. The HM may have a height and width greater than that of the top shield. The top shield may have a ring shape with a HM formed above, below, or within the ring shape, and wherein the HM stabilizes a vortex magnetization. HM magnetization is set or reset from room temperature to 100° C. to maintain a desired magnetization direction in the top shield, junction shield, and free layer in the sensor.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic head includes a recording portion. The recording portion includes a magnetic pole, a shield, and a stacked body provided between the magnetic pole and the shield. The stacked body includes a first magnetic layer, a first layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the magnetic pole, and a first intermediate layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the shield. The first layer contacts the magnetic pole and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of IrMn, PtMn, FeMn, PdMn, NiMn, RhMn, MnCr, and PtCr. The first intermediate layer includes at least one selected from a first group consisting of Cu, Ag, Au, Al, Cr, and Ru.

Abstract: A recording head includes one or more transducer elements, and an electrically insulative layer encasing the one or more transducer elements. The recording head also includes a substrate below the electrically insulative layer. The recording head further includes a heat sinking layer between the electrically insulative layer and the substrate.

Abstract: In one general approach, an apparatus includes a read transducer structure having a media facing surface. The read transducer structure has a lower shield, and an upper shield formed above the lower shield. The upper and lower shields providing magnetic shielding. A current-perpendicular-to-plane sensor is positioned between the upper and lower shields. A dielectric layer extends into one of the shields from the media facing surface. The dielectric layer extends into the one of the shields for a distance that is less than a height of the one of the shields. Preferably, a first dielectric layer extends into the lower shield from the media facing surface, and a second dielectric layer extends into the upper shield from the media facing surface.

Abstract: A bottom shield in a read head is modified by including a non-magnetic decoupling layer and second magnetic layer on a conventional first magnetic layer. The second magnetic layer has a magnetization that is not exchange coupled to the first magnetic layer, and a domain structure that is not directly affected by stray fields due to domain wall motion in the first magnetic layer. Accordingly, the modified bottom shield reduces shield related noise on the reader and will provide improved signal to noise (SNR) ratio and better reader stability. The second magnetic layer may be further stabilized with one or both of an antiferromagnetic coupling scheme, and insertion of an antiferromagnetic pinning layer. In dual readers, the modified bottom shield is used in either the bottom or top reader although in the latter, first magnetic layer thickness is reduced to maintain reader-to-reader spacing and acceptable bit error rate (BER).

Abstract: A spin transfer torque (STT) device is formed on an electrically conductive substrate and includes a ferromagnetic free layer near the substrate, a ferromagnetic polarizing layer and a nonmagnetic spacer layer between the free layer and the polarizing layer. A multilayer structure is located between the substrate and the free layer. The multilayer structure includes a metal or metal alloy seed layer for the free layer and an intermediate oxide layer below and in contact with the seed layer. The intermediate oxide layer reflects spin current from the free layer and thus reduces undesirable damping of the oscillation of the free layer's magnetization by the seed layer.

Abstract: A magnetism detection device according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a sensor section and a resistive section. The sensor section includes a first magnetism detection element. The first magnetism detection element has a first stacked structure and is configured to detect a magnetic field to be detected. The resistive section includes a first resistive element and is coupled to the sensor section. The first resistive element has the first stacked structure.

Abstract: The use of supermalloy-like materials such as NiFeMe where Me is one or more of Mo, Cr, and Cu for the side and top shields of a magnetic bit sensor is shown to provide better shielding protection from stray fields because of their extremely high permeability. Moreover, the side shield may comprise a stack in which a Ni, Fe, Co, FeNi, CoFe, or FeCo is sandwiched between two NiFeMe layers to enhance the bias field on an adjacent free layer. Including NiFeMe in a side shield results in an increase in readback amplitude under the same asymmetric sigma. For these sensors, the signal to noise ratio was higher and the bit error rate was lower than with conventional materials in the side shield. A method is disclosed for forming a magnetic bit sensor having supermalloy-like materials in the side shields.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive element is provided with a plurality of magnetoresistive laminated bodies arranged in an array and a plurality of lead electrodes that electrically connect the plurality of magnetoresistive laminated bodies in series. A first lead electrode electrically connected to a first surface in the lamination direction of a first magnetoresistive laminated body among the plurality of magnetoresistive laminated bodies and a second lead electrode electrically connected to a first surface in the lamination direction of a second magnetoresistive laminated body adjacent in the series direction are electrically connected without a magnetoresistive laminated body being interposed in between.

Abstract: Provided is a production method for a magnetoresistive element including treating a stacked layer into a predetermined shape. The stacked layer includes a magnetoresistive layer whose resistance changes depending on a magnetic field and a cap layer above the magnetoresistive layer and having a thickness in a range of 10 nm to 60 nm. The method further includes covering and protecting the stacked layer with an insulating layer, forming an opening in the insulating layer by reactive etching and exposing a surface of the cap layer at the opening, etching the cap layer in a range less than a total thickness of the cap layer by ion milling of the surface, and depositing an upper layer to be a part of the magnetoresistive element. The upper layer is in contact with the surface of the cap layer after the etching.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes a main pole configured to serve as a first electrode, an upper pole containing a trailing magnetic shield configured to a serve as a second electrode, and a record element located in a trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield. The record element includes an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material portion which is not part of a spin torque oscillator stack. The main pole and the trailing magnetic shield are electrically shorted by the record element across the trailing gap between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield such that an electrically conductive path is present between the main pole and the trailing magnetic shield through the record element.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetoresistance effect device comprising a magnetoresistance effect element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer and a spacer layer, and a high-frequency signal line. The high-frequency signal line includes an overlapping part disposed at a position overlapping the magnetoresistance effect element and a non-overlapping part disposed at a position not overlapping the magnetoresistance effect element in a plan view from a stacking direction. At least a part of the non-overlapping part is disposed below the overlapping part in the stacking direction, assuming that the overlapping part is above the magnetoresistance effect element in the stacking direction.

Abstract: A spindle motor includes a base plate on which a through hole is formed, a stator assembly provided at an top side of the base plate having a stator core with stator windings, a circuit board provided at the bottom side of the base plate and to which a lead wire of the stator windings drawn from the through hole to the bottom side is connected. An insulating cover sheet is provided at the top side of the base plate for covering the through hole, the insulating cover sheet being passed through by the lead wire, and a sealing material filling the through hole. The insulating cover sheet has a wire hole and an air vent part communicating with the through hole, wherein the air vent part faces at least a portion of an inside opening of the through hole. The wire hole and the air vent part are separated from each other or are connected to form a single opening.

Abstract: A Spin Hall Effect (SHE) assisted magnetic recording device is disclosed wherein a stack of two SHE layers with an intermediate insulation layer is formed between a main pole (MP) trailing side and trailing shield (TS) bottom surface. Both SHE layers are a Spin Hall Angle (SHA) material with an absolute value for SHA>0.05 and each have front sides at the air bearing surface (ABS) or recessed therefrom. One current (I1) is applied between the MP trailing side and the first SHE layer and is spin polarized to generate spin transfer torque that tilts a local MP magnetization to a direction that enhances a MP write field. Second current (I2) is applied between the second SHE layer and TS and is spin polarized to generate spin transfer torque that tilts a local TS magnetization to a direction that increases the TS return field and improves bit error rate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording head is disclosed having a main pole, a shield hot seed layer positioned at a first side of the main pole, a first material positioned at both a second side and a third side of the main pole, the first material connected to the main pole, a second material positioned adjacent to the first material on the second side and the third side of the main pole, the second material comprised of a spin torque layer, a third material positioned adjacent to the second material on the second side and the third side of the main pole, a fourth material positioned adjacent to the third material on the second side and the third side of the main pole and a side shield connected on an exterior side of the fourth material.

Abstract: A reader having a sensor stack and a top shield above the sensor stack. The top shield has an upper surface and a lower surface. The reader also includes at least one side shield below the top shield and adjacent to the sensor stack. The reader further includes a decoupling layer between the upper surface of the top shield and the at least one side shield. The decoupling layer is configured to decouple a first portion of the at least one side shield, proximate to the sensor stack, from at least a portion of the top shield.

Abstract: A bottom shield in a read head is modified by including a non-magnetic decoupling layer and second magnetic layer on a conventional first magnetic layer. The second magnetic layer has a magnetization that is not exchange coupled to the first magnetic layer, and a domain structure that is not directly affected by stray fields due to domain wall motion in the first magnetic layer. Accordingly, the modified bottom shield reduces shield related noise on the reader and will provide improved signal to noise (SNR) ratio and better reader stability. The second magnetic layer may be further stabilized with one or both of an antiferromagnetic coupling scheme, and insertion of an antiferromagnetic pinning layer. In dual readers, the modified bottom shield is used in either the bottom or top reader although in the latter, first magnetic layer thickness is reduced to maintain reader-to-reader spacing and acceptable bit error rate (BER).

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic memory device includes a stacked structure including a first magnetic layer, a second magnetic layer and a nonmagnetic layer between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer, and a sidewall insulating layer provided on a side surface of the stacked structure and containing boron (B).

Abstract: Provided is a magnetoresistance effect device on which a magnetoresistance effect element having an excellent withstand voltage characteristic is mounted. The magnetoresistance effect device includes: an interlayer insulating layer; a through electrode that passes through the interlayer insulating layer and is exposed on at least one surface of the interlayer insulating layer; and a magnetoresistance effect element that is laminated on the through electrode. A Vickers hardness difference between the interlayer insulating layer and the through electrode on a lamination surface on which the magnetoresistance effect element is laminated is 3 GPa or lower.

Abstract: A magnetic recording head having an air bearing surface (ABS) includes a main pole, a side shield laterally spaced from the main pole by a first side gap and a second side gap, an electrically conductive non-magnetic gap material layer disposed between the main pole and the side shield in the first side gap, and a dielectric non-magnetic gap material matrix and a conformal dielectric spacer layer disposed between the main pole and the side shield in the second side gap. The dual side gap recording head can improve on track performance on write gap peak field, on track performance on write field gradient, ATI off track performance, WATER reliability and can provide advantageous writer and side shield saturation properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromagnetic shielding sheet capable of improving reliability. Particularly, the present invention provides a composite magnetic sheet for electromagnetic shielding structured such that an independent soft magnetic sheet, which has a low surface roughness, is laminated on the outermost surface of a soft magnetic sheet having a lamination structure, thereby implementing laminated composite sheets having different surface roughness or porosity characteristics; as a result, the reliability in an external hazardous environment, such as saline water, can be substantially enhanced while maintaining the efficiency of electromagnetic shielding.

Abstract: An MTJ or MR read sensor is formed by depositing a stack in a reverse order with a free layer (FL) deposited on a lower shield, followed by a tunneling barrier layer (for an MTJ) or a conducting spacer layer (for an MR) and, finally, an antiferromagnetically coupled pinning structure and an upper shield. This reverse order permits a series of etching processes to be accurately performed on the lower shield and the stack together with the formation of biasing layers that are coupled to the lower shield and the stack, without adversely affecting the stability of the pinning structure. Further, the distance between the FL and the shield is accurately determined and repeatable even down to the sub-nm regime. An upper shield can then be formed and also coupled to the biasing layers.

Abstract: A current perpendicular-to-the-plane magnetoresistive (CPP-MR) sensor for a magnetic recording medium has a substantially wedge-shaped free ferromagnetic layer. The free layer thickness is tapered from the back edge (the edge recessed from the medium-facing surface) to the front edge at the medium-facing surface. The thinner free layer front edge thickness reduces the read gap (the spacing between the two sensor magnetic shields), which improves the resolution of the sensor, which in turn allows the bits to be placed closer together in the along-the-track direction. The free layer is thicker at the back edge so the volume of free layer ferromagnetic material can be maintained at the level required for high amplitude of the readback signal.

Abstract: A data reader may consist of at least a magnetoresistive stack positioned on an air bearing surface. A portion of the magnetoresistive stack may be set to a first fixed magnetization by a pinning structure separated from the air bearing surface by a front shield that is set to a second fixed magnetization by a biasing structure. The front shield may be separated from the biasing structure by a coupling structure.

Abstract: The disclosed technology includes an electronic device. The electronic device includes a semiconductor memory, and the semiconductor memory includes a variable resistance element that exhibits different resistance states for storing different data and is structured to include a planar shape including two curved potions of different curvatures.

Abstract: In an embodiment, one length-direction end of each first internal electrode layer 111a is connected to the first conductor layer 112 of the capacitor body 110 over a connection width equivalent to the width of each first internal electrode layer 111a, while the other length-direction end of each second internal electrode layer 111b is connected to the second conductor layer 113 over a connection width equivalent to the width of each second internal electrode layer 111b. One height-direction end of the first conductor layer 112 is connected to the first external electrode 120 over a connection width equivalent to the width of the first conductor layer 112, while one height-direction end of the second conductor layer 113 is connected to the second external electrode 130 over a connection width equivalent to the width of the second conductor layer 113.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an MRAM device, a lower electrode and a preliminary first free layer pattern sequentially stacked are formed on a substrate. An upper portion of the preliminary first free layer pattern is removed to form a first free layer pattern. A second free layer and a tunnel barrier layer are sequentially formed on the first free layer pattern. The second free layer is partially oxidized to form a second free layer pattern. A fixed layer structure is formed on the tunnel barrier layer.

Abstract: A magnetic read apparatus includes a read sensor, a shield structure and a side magnetic bias structure. The read sensor includes a free layer having a side and a nonmagnetic spacer layer. The shield structure includes a shield pinning structure and a shield reference structure. The nonmagnetic spacer layer is between the shield reference structure and the free layer. The shield reference structure is between the shield pinning structure and the nonmagnetic spacer layer. The shield pinning structure includes a pinned magnetic moment in a first direction. The shield reference structure includes a shield reference structure magnetic moment weakly coupled with the pinned magnetic moment. The side magnetic bias structure is adjacent to the side of the free layer.

Abstract: An apparatus according to one embodiment includes an array of transducer structures arranged along a tape bearing surface of a common module. Each transducer structure includes a lower shield, an upper shield above the lower shield, a current-perpendicular-to-plane sensor between the upper and lower shields, at least one lead, and an insulating layer between the at least one lead and the shield closest thereto. The at least one lead is selected from a group including an upper electrical lead between the sensor and the upper shield, and a lower electrical lead between the sensor and the lower shield. The at least one lead is in electrical communication with the sensor. A width of one or more of the at least one lead in a cross track direction is about equal to a width of the sensor.

Abstract: A method and system provide a magnetic transducer having an air-bearing surface (ABS). The method includes providing a first shield, a first read sensor, an antiferromagnetically coupled (AFC) shield that includes an antiferromagnet, a second read sensor and a second shield. The read sensors are between the first and second shields. The AFC shield is between the read sensors. An optional anneal for the first shield is in a magnetic field at a first angle from the ABS. Anneals for the first and second read sensors are in magnetic fields in desired first and second read sensor bias directions. The AFC shield anneal is in a magnetic field at a third angle from the ABS. The second shield anneal is in a magnetic field at a fifth angle from the ABS. The fifth angle is selected based on a thickness and a desired AFC shield bias direction for the antiferromagnet.

Abstract: A PMR (perpendicular magnetic recording) head includes a tapered main write pole (MP) with a beveled face and thin, laterally disposed side shields (SS) that do not fully extend along the sides on the write pole in the down-track direction. Denoting the down-track thickness of the side shields as SSt, that thickness satisfies 0<SSt<(MPt+LGt), where MPt is the thickness of the main pole and LGt is the thickness of the leading edge gap beneath the leading edge of the write pole. The thin side shields maintain the write bubble while producing a better Bits Per Inch-Tracks Per Inch (BPI-TPI) tradeoff line.

Abstract: An article exhibiting magnetic properties, a method for providing corrosion resistance to an article, and an electric machine element are disclosed. The article comprises a substrate comprising a first portion of a magnetic material, the magnetic material exhibiting magnetic properties. The article further comprises a transition layer comprising a second portion of the magnetic material and a first portion of a coating material. The transition layer is disposed on at least a portion of the substrate. The article further comprises an outer layer comprising a second portion of the coating material. The outer layer is disposed on at least a portion of the transition layer.

Abstract: A magnetic read head is provided, comprising a bottom magnetic shield, a first free magnetic layer, a second free magnetic layer, and a top magnetic shield, arranged from bottom to top in this order in a stacking direction from a leading side to a trailing side of the read head. A non-soft bias layer is positioned below the top magnetic shield and on a back side of the first and the second free magnetic layers. The top magnetic shield has a unidirectional anisotropy, the magnetic moments of the top and the bottom magnetic shields are canted relative to a plane of the first and the second free magnetic layers, and the top and the bottom magnetic shields are decoupled from the non-soft bias layer and not magnetically coupled to a soft bias layer.

Abstract: Implementations described and claimed herein include a reader structure, comprising a first reader, including a sensor stack and a top shield structure, the top shield structure comprises a synthetic antiferromagnetic shield (SAF) structure, including a reference layer including at least a layer of NiFe and an impurity additive, an RKKY coupling layer RKKY coupling layer (e.g., Ru layer), and a pinned layer. In another implementation, the RL of the SAF shield structure of a first reader includes at least a layer of amorphous magnetic material. Yet, in another implementation, the SAF shield structure includes an insertion layer of amorphous magnetic material under the SAF shield RL, within the SAF shield RL or between the SAF shield RL and SAF shield Ru.

Abstract: A method provides a magnetic transducer including a first antiferromagnetically coupled (AFC) shield, a second AFC shield and a read sensor between the first and second AFC shields. The first AFC shield includes first and second ferromagnetic layers and a first nonmagnetic spacer layer between the first and second ferromagnetic layers. The first and second ferromagnetic layers have first and second saturation magnetizations and first and second thicknesses, respectively. The second ferromagnetic layer is between the read sensor and the first ferromagnetic layer. The second AFC shield includes third and fourth ferromagnetic layers and a second nonmagnetic spacer layer between the third and fourth ferromagnetic layers. The third ferromagnetic layer is between the read sensor and the fourth ferromagnetic layer. The third and fourth ferromagnetic layers have third and saturation magnetizations and third and fourth thicknesses, respectively. The second AFC shield is a mirror image of the first AFC shield.

Abstract: A magnetic read apparatus includes a media-facing surface (MFS), a sensor, a shield structure, a side bias structure, and a shield reference bias structure. The sensor includes a free layer and a nonmagnetic layer. The shield structure includes a shield pinning structure and a shield reference structure between the shield pinning structure and the nonmagnetic layer. The nonmagnetic layer is between the free layer and a shield reference structure. The shield pinning structure includes a pinned moment oriented in a first direction. The shield reference structure includes a reference structure moment weakly coupled with the pinned moment. The side bias structure is adjacent to a side of the free layer and biases the free layer in a first direction parallel to the MFS. The shield reference bias structure is adjacent to the shield reference structure and biases the shield reference structure in a direction opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A PMR (perpendicular magnetic recording) head includes a tapered write pole that is fully surrounded by wrapped-around magnetic shields, including laterally disposed side shields, a trailing shield and a leading shield. A layer of high magnetic saturation material (high Bs) is formed on the leading edge of the trailing shield and extends rearward, away from the ABS plane to define a cross-sectional write gap shape that is not conformal with the shape of the tapered write pole. The cross-sectional shape of this shield layer enables it to absorb flux from the write pole so that the flux for writing is enhanced and concentrated at the area of the recording medium being written upon and does not extend to adjacent tracks or to downtrack positions at which such flux is not desired.

Abstract: A data reader may be configured with at least a detector stack positioned on an air bearing surface and consisting of a spin accumulation channel continuously extending from the air bearing surface to an injector stack. The injector stack can have at least one cladding layer contacting the spin accumulation channel. The at least one cladding layer may have a length as measured perpendicular to the ABS that filters minority spins from the detector stack.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus according to the invention includes a substrate, a side wall that is disposed directly on the substrate or via an insulation film and forms a hollow, a functional element that is disposed within the hollow, a first layer that is disposed on the side wall so as to cover the hollow and has a first through hole that communicates with the hollow, a second layer that is disposed on the first layer so as to cover the hollow and has a second through hole that has a diameter smaller than a diameter of the first through hole and at least partially overlaps the first through hole as viewed in plan view, and a third layer that is disposed on the second layer so as to seal at least the second through hole.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor that generates a signal based on inverse spin Hall effect. The sensor includes a magnetic free layer and a non-magnetic, electrically conductive spin Hall layer located adjacent to the magnetic free layer. Circuitry is configured to supply an electrical current that travels through the magnetic free layer and the spin Hall layer in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the plane of the layers or perpendicular to a plane defined by an interface between the magnetic free layer and the spin Hall layer. The inverse spin Hall effect causes an electrical voltage in the spin Hall layer as a result of the current, and the voltage changes relative to the orientation of magnetization of the magnetic free layer. Circuitry is provided for measuring the voltage in the spin Hall layer in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the direction of the electrical current.

Abstract: An apparatus, according to one embodiment, includes: a transducer structure having: a lower shield, an upper shield above the lower shield, a current-perpendicular-to-plane sensor between the upper and lower shields, an electrical lead layer between the sensor and one of the shields, and a spacer layer between the electrical lead layer and the one of the shields. The upper and lower shields provide magnetic shielding. The electrical lead layer is in electrical communication with the sensor. A conductivity of the electrical lead layer is higher than a conductivity of the spacer layer. A width of the electrical lead layer in a cross-track direction is greater than the width of a free layer of the sensor.