Abstract: A dielectric arrestor insert for use in a chamber wafer processing system having a gas input line, an arrestor housing and a wafer processing space. The input line is able to provide gas to the arrestor housing. The arrestor housing is able to house the dielectric arrestor insert. The dielectric arrestor insert comprises a gas entry portion, a non-linear channel and a gas exit portion. The gas entry portion is arranged to receive the gas from the input line. The non-linear channel is arranged to deliver the gas from the gas entry portion to the gas exit portion. The gas exit portion is arranged to deliver the gas from the non-linear channel to the wafer processing space.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surge arrester having a cage design, and to a method for its production. According to the invention, during extrusion-coating or encapsulation of a module comprising two end fittings (3) and a plurality of varistor blocks (1) and at least one reinforcing element (9) in order to form the outer housing (5), first through-holes (11) for the reinforcing element (9) thereof are sealed with silicone. For this purpose, second through-holes (15) are provided in the end fittings (3), through which the silicone runs during casting or spraying, and enters the through-holes (11) from the outside, in order in this way to seal them against water and moisture.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for bulk erasure of disk drives. According to the novel invention, one or more relatively small-sized permanent magnets or electromagnets are configured to be brought into close proximity to a particular disk surface of the disk drive and to produce a concentrated magnetic force that erases the disk. Notably, the magnets are sized and configured to create a focused magnetic field, and correspondingly to prevent stray magnetic fields, which could otherwise be harmful to magnetically sensitive components of the disk drive, such as motor magnets. The magnets may be configured to gain access to the disk surface through one or more openings on a covered disk drive, e.g., through an actuator and/or servo track writer opening. The magnets and resultant focused magnetic field may be large enough to offer substantially full radial coverage of the disk, or may be smaller and configured to move (e.g.

Abstract: A magnetic disk conditioner is provided. The disk conditioner comprises a tunnel having a top inside surface and a bottom inside surface. A first array of magnets of alternating polarity is coupled to the top inside surface, the first array of magnets comprising a first portion of reduced field strength. The tunnel further comprises a second array of magnets of alternating polarity coupled to the bottom inside surface, the second array of magnets comprising a second portion of reduced field strength and separated from the first array of magnets by a distance that allows a plurality of disks to simultaneously pass through the tunnel for conditioning.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with an underwater communication device, that is simple in design, in operation, powered solely from the hand against the resistance of a spring or elastic band, is low maintenance, is resistant to accidental sound generation, offers a wide margin of safety, reliability, and enables audible communication. The present invention is concerned with a device containing a housing (3) an acoustic signature generating means (1) to produce an audible sound when struck. A strike element (2) powered by a kinetic energy generating means (4) causing it to impact the acoustic element (1). A gripping attachment (5) attached to strike (2) pulled away from the acoustic signature generating means (1) increasing tension in the kinetic energy generating means (4). Upon gripping attachment (5) release, increased tension of kinetic energy generating means (4) powers strike element (2) to impact acoustic signature generating element (1), creating distinguishable sound.

Abstract: A bulk degaussing apparatus and method for erasing magnetic media of various sizes. A media passage track is provided such that media passing therethrough is uniformly exposed to the magnetic fields provided through the gap. The bulk degaussing apparatus has fixed magnetic pole pairs predisposed for generating uniform magnetic field elements across a gap projecting magnetic flux across the gap for erasing various sizes of magnetic media, with the magnetic media receiving track positioned relative to the poles such that adjacent like poles are arranged on each side of the gap to counteract fringing effects. The bulk degaussing method for erasing various sizes of magnetic media provides a plurality of fixed magnetic pole pairs for generating uniform magnetic field elements on one or more sides of a degaussing region projecting magnetic flux into the region, and arranges the plurality of fixed poles so that adjacent poles counteract fringing effects.

Abstract: A medium- and high-voltage gas-insulated circuit breaker with arc quenching capability, comprising an electrical contact which is provided with a fixed element and with a movable element which can be mutually coupled and which form, upon separation, an arc channel into which a blast of gas is introduced which is generated by a gas chamber provided with an orifice which is controlled by a valve. The particularity of the invention is constituted by the fact that the valve is driven by the current that flows across the electrical contact.

Abstract: An arrangement is described with several surge arresters arranged next to one another with their longitudinal axes substantially parallel. Each surge arrester is coupled to a common conductor rail via connecting lines which extend substantially radially away from the longitudinal axis of the surge arrester in a direction opposite to the position of exhaust openings on the circumference of the surge arrester. In the event of an electric arc, a current flowing through the connecting line thus generates a magnetic field which pushes the electric arc away from the surge arrester. The exhaust openings on each surge arrester are positioned so that the electric arc does not occur in the area between two adjacent surge arresters and is pushed away from the surge arresters by the components of the magnetic field. In addition, the direction of flow of the current in the connecting lines forms an angle smaller than 90.degree.

Abstract: A protective device for use with a surge arrester to prevent fracturing of the porcelain body of a failed arrester includes a fast-operating switch which shunts a current-limiting fuse. The switch is operated by ignition of a chemical propellant charge, thereby rapidly diverting fault current to the fuse and additionally isolating the arrester from ground. The switch has a moving contact in the form of a gas-driven piston which strikes a separable terminal connected to a ground lead.

Abstract: An improved arc gap structure for a lightning arrester comprises first and second annular electrodes concentrically arranged relative to one another. The first electrode has a generally cylindrical inner surface which tapers to a smaller diameter toward one end. The second electrode has a generally cylindrical outer surface which is sized to be spaced apart from the inner surface of the first electrode when received therein. The electrodes are axially displaced relative to one another such that the spacing between the upper corner of the second electrode and the tapered portion of the first electrode define the ignition arc gap for the lightning arrester. The second electrode is preferably axially adjustable relative to the first electrode to select a desired arc over voltage for the lightning arrester.

Abstract: A disconnector for a surge arrester explosively separates an electrical lead wire, normally a ground lead wire, from the arrester to prevent a permanent fault and to provide an indication of a failed arrester. The disconnector includes an elongated, frangible insulating housing having an elongated opening disposed along and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the insulating housing; a first electrically conductive terminal disposed at a first end of the opening; a second electrically conductive terminal disposed at a second end of the opening; means for forming an arc gap disposed between the first and second terminals, including an arc gap spacer and an arc electrode being either generally flat or including a raised portion; and an explosive cartridge disposed between the first and second terminals and in contact with the arc electrode.

Abstract: A picket or zig-zag type heater for use in high temperature furnaces, such as are used for crystal growing for example, is constructed from a plurality of like graphite cylindrical shell segments assembled into a cylindrical shell having uniform resistance heating characteristics by graphite connector elements which also function to couple the electric current source to the heater.

Abstract: A valve arrester comprises a serial arrangement which includes at least one nonlinear resistor and spark gaps implemented as arcing horns which are housed in slit-type arc extinction chambers whose walls are made of an electric insulation material and form a single helical blade. The latter is arranged on a central cylindrical member and adapted to produce a single helical arc which is formed from arcs struck during the arrester breakdown in the spark gaps, said arcs being joined together during their movement.

Abstract: A series circuit of a gap section and a valve block is connected between a transmission line and the ground. The valve block consists of a plurality of nonlinear resistor elements connected in series. A first impedance circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor connected in series is connected in parallel to the gap section. Also, a second impedance circuit consisting of another resistor and another capacitor connected in parallel is connected in parallel to the valve block. The ratio of the voltage applied across the gap section to that applied across the valve block is determined by the ratio of the impedance of the first impedance circuit to that of the second impedance circuit. A pair of discharge electrodes included in the gap section, which are a prescribed distance apart from each other, comprise a narrower gap region at which spark is started.

Abstract: A surge voltage lightning arrester ground lead disconnector utilizes a refractory metal coating on the explosive cartridge to provide a thermal delay to the arcing that occurs during disconnector operation. The thermal delay insures the explosion of the cartridge and promotes venting the arrester housing.

Abstract: A current limiting spark gap for use in a high voltage valve type lightning or surge arrester includes a plurality of insulating gap plates assembled together in a vertical stack to define a generally horizontally extending arc elongation and cooling chamber between adjacent plates. Series gap electrodes are disposed along opposite sides of each plate and are double electrodes formed by a unitary piece of wire preformed to slide into position onto each plate. A gap spacer is provided in each arc chamber interfitting with the series gap electrodes and the insulating plates for accurately defining and enclosing the series gap and for maintaining the spark gap as an assembly. A new and improved spark initiator with two, resilient, ionizing arms is provided in each arc chamber for consistently achieving low impulse voltage sparkover.

Abstract: An electrical arrester structure includes an arc quenching chamber in which are located a pair of spaced principal electrodes between which a quenched arc gap is formed, an associated blow-out coil for magnetically influencing and expanding the arc formed between these electrodes and an auxiliary electrode which together with the principal electrode adjacent thereto forms an auxiliary arc gap. The auxiliary electrode is connected directly to one end of a leakage resistor and the other end of this leakage resistor is electrically connected either through the blow-out coil or directly to the principal electrode which is adjacent the auxiliary electrode with the result that the auxiliary arc gap will fire before the voltage protective level of the arrester is reached and cause the leakage resistor which is series connected with the quenched arc gap to be bridged.

Abstract: An electrical arrester includes one or more pairs of electrodes disposed within quenching chambers which form current-limiting quenched spark gaps connected in series with an associated blow-out coil for magnetically influencing the arc in the quenching chambers. During the quenching operation, the blow-out coil is short-circuited and two different embodiments are disclosed for effecting this result. In one embodiment, the quenching chamber includes a short-circuiting electrode in the vicinity of that one of the electrodes of a pair which is conductively connected to one end of the blow-out coil and the other end of the latter is conductively connected to the short-circuiting electrode. In the other embodiment, the arrester includes a pair of auxiliary electrodes disposed within an auxiliary chamber and forming a by-pass spark gap connected in parallel with the blow-out coil.

Abstract: A plurality of series connected main spark gaps are connected in shunt circuit relation with a voltage grading impedance network which includes a trigger gap that is connected though frequency responsive coupling means in shunt relation with approximately one-half of the series connected main spark gaps. The trigger gap is operative, as a substantially linear function of a voltage impressed across the series connected gaps, to cause the main gaps to spark over in cascade fashion. The triggered control network allows use of a large number of main gaps but with a controlled total sparkover very much less than the sum of the sparkover of the individual main gaps, thus, providing a desirably high ratio of reseal voltage to sparkover voltage for the main gap series circuit.