Abstract: This invention refers to a process for the production of an electrode for electrolytic capacitors made of a conductive substrate (7) onto which a porous layer of aluminium oxide is deposited on both sides in at least a two-phase process by vacuum deposition of unstoichiometric aluminium oxide in a reactive atmosphere and a following surface oxidation process by a treatment under reactive plasma as well as a roll-to-roll system for such production and an electrode made by such process.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor includes a case, a sealant for sealing the case, a separator, a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte sealed in the case, and an anode lead connected to the anode, wherein the cathode includes an aluminum foil, and a solid compound having a function of keeping the pH of the electrolyte constant further is provided in the case.

Abstract: An electrochemical capacitor wherein electrode members include polarizing electrodes, whose main ingredient is a carbon material having partially oxidized graphite-like microcrystalline carbon, separators, and collectors is immersed in a organic electrolytic solution, the polarizing electrodes expanding on charging and contracting on discharging. Ions with ionic radii of 0.33 nm or less are used as the electrolyte cations of the organic electrolytic solution. The cell container holding electrode members and the electrolytic solution is provided with stress relaxing structure. Either collectors or separators are elastomers. The separators are sponge-like porous insulator with continuous pores.

Abstract: A cylindrical electric double-layer capacitor 1 includes an electrode roll made by spirally rolling a superposed assembly formed of a band-shaped positive pole and a band-shaped negative pole superposed on each other with a first separator interposed therebetween and a second separator superposed on one of the band-shaped positive and negative poles so that the second separator is located on an outermost side, and a vessel in which the electrode roll is accommodated. A cylindrical electrode is mounted on the electrode roll to come into contact with an outer peripheral surface of the electrode roll. The polarity of the cylindrical electrode is set to be opposite from that of a portion of one of the band-shaped positive and negative poles which is located on an outermost periphery of the electrode roll.

Abstract: An ultrasonically bonded electrical interconnection for use in a double layer capacitor consists of ten or more current collector foils bonded together and at least one dummy collector foil bonded to the ten or more current collector foils. The at least one dummy collector foil does not function as a current collector foil as a result of the ultrasonic bonding.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor includes a plurality of basic cells each including a pair of polarizing electrodes sandwiching therebetween a separator and impregnated with an electrolyte. The separator is made of unwoven fabric or porous film including polyolefine or fluorine based resin. The polarizing electrodes and the separator are bonded together in advance before stacking the basic cells to form a stacked cell structure. The bonding is performed by applying a thrust pressure to the polarizing electrodes sandwiching the separator, while heating at a temperature above a softening temperature of the polyolefine or fluorine based resin.

Abstract: A capacitor with dual electric layer, wherein one of the electrodes is made of a porous carbon material and the other capacitor, of a material containing lead sulfate. The capacitor features enhanced characteristics and lower cost.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor which has a high power output, a high energy density, and has excellent voltage-retention properties.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolyte capacitor is composed of a capacitor winding, of an anode foil provided with a dielectrically effective barrier layer, having spacers (1), particularly of paper, saturated with an operating electrolyte, and of a cathode foil, and is built into a housing. The spacers have an impressed line structure (2) that is arranged from one face end of the capacitor winding to the opposite end face.

Abstract: A cylindrical electric double-layer capacitor includes an electrode winding which is formed by superposing band-shaped positive and negative electrodes one on another with a first separator interposed therebetween, superposing a second separator onto one of the band-shaped positive and negative electrodes to provide a superposed material, and by spirally winding the superposed material such that the second separator is located on an outermost side, and a container having the electrode winding accommodated therein. A cylindrical electrode is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the container opposed to an outer peripheral surface of the electrode winding. The polarity of the cylindrical electrode is set at a polarity opposite from the polarity of that portion of the band-shaped negative electrode, which is located on an outermost periphery of the electrode winding.

Abstract: Implantable medical devices (IMDs) and their various components, including flat electrolytic capacitors for same, and methods of making and using same, particularly an improved electrolytic capacitor with optimized ESR and anode layer surface area. An electrode stack assembly and electrolyte are located within the interior case chamber of a hermetically sealed capacitor case. The electrode stack assembly comprises a plurality of capacitor layers stacked in registration upon one another, each capacitor layer comprising a cathode layer having a cathode tab, an anode sub-assembly comprising at least one anode layer having an anode tab, and a separator layer located between adjacent anode and cathode layers, whereby all adjacent cathode layers and anode layers of the stack are electrically insulated from one another by a separator layer.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having an element impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, said element comprising positive and negative electrodes made of carbonaceous electrodes, and a separator interposed between the electrodes, wherein said separator is made of at least two paper layers laminated to form one sheet, each of the paper layers has a thickness of from 20 to 60 &mgr;m, and at least one of the paper layers is a cellulose paper layer having a density of from 0.37 to 0.60 g/cm3.

Abstract: A separator for an electric double-layer capacitor with an excellent property of preventing a short circuit between the electrodes, a good ionic permeability and a high strength is provided by a fiber sheet including a fibril-containing fiber and a fine polyester fiber having a fineness of not more than 0.45 dtex (decitex).

Abstract: An electric energy storage device includes a first electrode, a gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode. The energy storage device has an increased unit storage capacitance and more minimized size by using the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator. Also, the energy storage device produces a reduced resistance by the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator, such that the high frequency response characteristic is improved, the available frequency region is enlarged and the allowable ripple current is increased.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor has a pair of thrust plates for thrusting a stacked cell pair and a gasket for encapsulating the stacked cell pair together with the thrust plates. The thrust plate has slanted side surfaces for effecting a close contact with a packaging overcoat. The thrust plates and the mounting gasket are coupled together by an interdigitaion relationship.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrolytic capacitor having a novel floating anode between the cathode and the powered anode of the capacitor, resulting in a single capacitor having a working voltage double that of the formation voltage of the powered anode. The floating anode acts as cathode to the powered anode and as an anode to the cathode, such that the capacitor according to the present invention supports half the working voltage between the cathode and the floating anode and half the working voltage between the floating anode and the powered anode. The arrangement of the cathode, floating anode and powered anode according to the present invention results in a single capacitor with half the capacitance and twice the voltage of a single anode device.

Abstract: A method of sealing an ultracapacitor substantially free of water is disclosed. The method includes providing a multilayer cell comprising two solid, non porous current collectors, separated by two porous electrodes with a separator between the two electrodes, sealing the cell with a reclosable hermetic closure. Water inside the closure is dissociated by an applied voltage to the cell and escapes in the form of hydrogen and oxygen when the closure is unmated, the closure is then mated to hermetically seal the cell which is substantially free of water.

Abstract: Capacitor element (20) formed by winding both anode and cathode electrode foils connected with lead terminal (10) via a separator is placed in bottomed cylindrical shape outer case (30) made of aluminum and the like. On the outer periphery of the round rod portion (12) of the lead terminal is fitted tube (100) made of a flexible material in a movable manner. The lead terminal fitted with the tube is drawn through sealing body (110) fitted on the inner periphery of the opening of the outer case (30) outside. The sealing body includes an elastic ring (113) made of a flexible material, as fitted on the outer periphery of sealing plate (112) made of a rigid material more rigid than the tube. The lead terminal fitted with the tube is inserted in each of a pair of through-holes (111) provided on the sealing plate.

Abstract: A dual electric layer capacitor containing two electrodes of which one or both are polarizable, liquid electrolyte, and a separator. The degree of filling the pores of the separator and of both elements is between 40& and 90% of a total volume of the pores.

Abstract: The present invention provides a electrical double layer capacitor that can prevent the leakage of an electrolyte solution to the outside that is caused by the fractures occurring in the collectors, and thereby both the yield during manufacture processing and the reliability can be improved. Chamfered portions 20 are formed on the corners that are the border between components that are adjacent to the surfaces 12a and 12a of the polarizing electrodes 12 that do not contact a separator 11 and a collector 13, and thereby, the stress focus on these corners, which occurs easily at the contacting portions between the polarizing electrode 12 and the collector 13, occurs with difficulty.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having an element impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte, the element comprising positive and negative electrodes made of carbonaceous electrodes, and a separator interposed between the electrodes, wherein the separator is made of paper prepared to contain at least 50 wt % of fibers obtained by beating regenerated cellulose fibers.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrochemical capacitor including an organic electrolytic solution and electrode bodies immersed in the organic electrolytic solution, each comprising a polarizing electrode (composed mainly of a carbon material containing a partially oxidized, graphite-like microcrystalline carbon), a separator and a collector, in which capacitor each polarizing electrode gives rise to volume expansion when charged and volume contraction when discharged, is provided.

Abstract: An aluminum electrolytic capacitor includes an anode sheet of aluminum, a cathode sheet of aluminum, and separators disposed to sandwich either the anode sheet or the cathode sheet. Anode lead tabs of aluminum are connected to the anode sheet by “needling” or welding. Cathode lead tabs formed of an aluminum sheet are connected to the cathode sheet by “needling” or welding. The surface of each of the cathode lead tabs contacting the separator is roughened. Alternatively, an aluminum thin sheet may be disposed to overlie each of smooth-surfaced cathode lead tabs, with its surface contacting the separator roughened.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element having a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid organic conductive material disposed between the positive and the negative electrode, an electrolyte, a case for accommodating the capacitor element and the electrolyte, and a sealing member disposed to cover the opening of the case. The solid organic conductive material has at least one material selected from organic semiconductor and conductive polymer. The electrolytic capacitor having excellent impedance characteristic, small current leak, excellent reliability, and high dielectric strength.

Abstract: An electric energy storage device includes a first electrode, a gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode. The energy storage device has an increased unit storage capacitance and more minimized size by using the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator. Also, the energy storage device produces a reduced resistance by the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator, such that the high frequency response characteristic is improved, the available frequency region is enlarged and the allowable ripple current is increased.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor includes a plurality of basic cells each including a pair of polarizing electrodes sandwiching therebetween a separator and impregnated with an electrolyte. The separator is made of unwoven fabric or porous film including polyolefine or fluorine based resin. The polarizing electrodes and the separator are bonded together in advance before stacking the basic cells to form a stacked cell structure. The bonding is performed by applying a thrust pressure to the polarizing electrodes sandwiching the separator, while heating at a temperature above a softening temperature of the polyolefine or fluorine based resin.

Abstract: An electrochemical capacitor has a pair of positive and negative electrode elements each having a solid electrode disposed on a surface of a current collector. The positive and negative electrode elements are disposed in confronting relation to each other with a separator interposed therebetween. The positive and negative electrode elements, together with an electrolytic solution, are housed in the casing. The solid electrode of the negative electrode element is made of a lithium vanadium oxide and an electrically conductive filler, and the solid electrode of the positive electrode element is made of activated carbon.

Abstract: A low-voltage, low-inductance device for storing electrical charge in a snubber circuit is disclosed as well as a method of minimizing inductance in the snubber circuit using the device. The device, a capacitor, comprises a plurality of extended electrodes, in parallel or series, that are joined to a positive conductor terminal at one end spray and at a negative conductor terminal at the other end spray so that end sprays of adjacent extended electrodes are alternately joined to the positive and negative conductor terminals. Accordingly, current flowing though adjacent extended electrodes is of substantially equal intensity but different in direction. As a result, inductance produced effectively cancels out that of adjacent extended electrodes.

Abstract: An electric energy storage device includes a first electrode, a gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode. The energy storage device has an increased unit storage capacitance and more minimized size by using the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator. Also, the energy storage device produces a reduced resistance by the gel type ionic conducting polymer electrolyte separator, such that the high frequency response characteristic is improved, the available frequency region is enlarged and the allowable ripple current is increased.

Abstract: An electrode for a capacitor comprising a collector and a layer of a polarizable electrode material formed thereon, which includes activated carbon powder, a conducting aid, and a mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene and hydroxyalkylcellulose as a binder, which electrode is useful as an electrode of an electric double layer capacitor.

Abstract: A separator for an electric double-layer capacitor with an excellent property of preventing a short circuit between the electrodes, a good ionic permeability and a high strength is provided which comprises a fiber sheet comprising a fibril-containing fiber and a fine polyester fiber having a fineness of not more than 0.45 dtex (decitex).

Abstract: A multilayer cell is provided having two solid, nonporous current collectors, two porous electrodes separating the current collectors, a porous separator between the electrodes and an electrolyte occupying pores in the electrodes and separator. A thermoplastic vinyl acetate polymer or thermoplastic polyamide is applied to the multilayer structure; and pressure or heat is applied to seal layers of the cell with the thermoplastic vinyl acetate polymer or thermoplastic polyamide to form the ultracapacitor.

Abstract: An ultracapacitor having two solid, nonporous current collectors, two porous electrodes separating the collectors, a porous separator between the electrodes and an electrolyte occupying the pores in the electrodes and separator. At least one of the current collectors comprises a conductive metal substrate coated with a metal nitride, carbide or boride coating.

Abstract: Supercapacitor cell electrode (13, 17) and separator (15) elements are fabricated from activated carbon fabric and membranes of microporous fibrillar ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and are laminated with electrically conductive current collector elements (11, 19) to form a flexible, unitary supercapacitor structure (10). The micro-fibrillar laminar structure of the separator membrane material enables direct application of cell lamination temperatures without resulting collapse of separator microporosity and attendant loss of essential electrolyte retention and ionic conductivity. The superior functional materials enable the fabrication of flexible, self-supporting cell structures which yield improved specific energy capacity and increased voltage output for utilization demands.

Abstract: A high power density alkaline electrochemical capacitor cell includes a pair of titanium nitride powder electrodes fabricated by subjecting titanium hydride powder to a controlled flow of ammonia vapor. A porous separating membrane for containing an electrolyte is attached to a first surface of the pair of powder electrodes. A conductive termination is attached to the second side of each of the powder electrodes. The electrodes have a high surface area and are electrochemically stable in strong alkaline electrolyte. The capacitor cell can be hermetically sealed and is capable of long-term cyclical operation over a wide range of operating temperatures (−55° C. to +100° C.) while providing high-density energy storage.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor with several conductive layer portions, including some anode layers and some cathode layers in alternating arrangement. A set of insulator layers is interleaved with the conductive layers, and the conductive and insulator layers are laminarly stacked with an anode layer being outermost on one surface. The stack is positioned adjacent a metal heat sink, with an outer insulator layer positioned between and closely contacting the stack and the heat sink. The cathode layers may be connected to the heat sink.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor having a non-aqueous electrolyte impregnated to a capacitor element having a separator placed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, each being a carbonaceous electrode, wherein the separator includes a plurality of sheets, and at least one of the plurality of sheets is a cellulose paper having a thickness of from 20 to 60 .mu.m and a density of from 0.30 to 0.55 g/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: In order to combine improved self discharge characteristics and high reliability under high temperatures, an electric double layer capacitor includes a unit cell or a plurality of stacked unit cells in which each unit cell has a porous separator impregnated with an electrolyte solution, a pair of polarizing electrodes provided on both sides of the porous separator, collectors provided in contact with the external surfaces of the polarizing electrodes, and a gasket provided to seal the electrolyte solution contacting the polarizing electrodes and the porous separator. The porous separator includes two porous separator elements that each have different porosities and that are laminated together.

Abstract: An ultracapacitor includes two solid, nonporous current collectors, two porous electrodes separating the collectors, a porous separator between the electrodes and an electrolyte occupying the pores in the electrodes and separator. The porous separator layer comprises an amorphous fumed silica layer coated onto at least one of the electrodes.

Abstract: A film-forming paste is applied to a substrate through a screen at least in part supported by raised spaced ribs to fill spacing on the substrate defined by the ribs. The film is then cured to form a patterned electrode with intervening spacing for accumulation of gas during operation of the electrode in an ultracapacitor.

Abstract: A thin-type electric double layer capacitor having low internal resistance.This capacitor includes pairs of a current collector and polarizable electrode disposed opposite to each other with a separator being interposed therebetween. The current collector and polarizable electrode, each containing a thermoplastic binder resin and carbon, are made integral by compatibilization of the thermoplastic binder resins. Polarizable electrode faring with the separator is disposed on the plane as that for the current collector. In this capacitor, the glass-transition temperature of the thermoplastic binder resin contained in the current collector is lower than that of the thermoplastic binder resin contained in the polarizable electrode.

Abstract: A high performance double layer capacitor having an electric double layer formed in the interface between activated carbon and an electrolyte is disclosed. The high performance double layer capacitor includes a pair of aluminum impregnated carbon composite electrodes having an evenly distributed and continuous path of aluminum impregnated within an activated carbon fiber preform saturated with a high performance electrolytic solution. The high performance double layer capacitor is capable of delivering at least 5 Wh/kg of useful energy at power ratings of at least 600 W/kg.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic capacitor comprising a capacitor element formed by winding an anode foil having pits with a diameter of not less than 0.1 .mu.m formed on the surface thereof and a cathode foil with a separator provided interposed therebetween, the separator having been coated with PVA which is then dried, the capacitor element being in contact with an electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitor containing ethylene glycol, whereby the electrolytic solution is gelled. An electrolytic capacitor which comprises a capacitor element formed by winding an anode foil and a cathode foil with a separator provided interposed therebetween, the separator having been prepared by mixing filament fibers formed by extruding PVA solution into a gas, the capacitor element being impregnated with an electrolytic solution, is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electric double layer capacitor including: a gasket; a pair of collectors tightly fitted with the gasket to form a tightly sealed internal space; and polarizable electrodes with an electrolyte solution being accommodated in the tightly sealed inner space, wherein the gasket has at least a separation wall which separates the internal space into at least two sub-spaces, so that each of the sub-spaces accommodates a pair of the polarizable electrodes and the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor is provided, which prevents the apparent capacitance decrease on operation or use at a large discharge current. This capacitor includes at least one basic cell and a pair of external terminals electrically connected to ends of the at least one basic cell, respectively. Each of the at least one basic cell has a tubular electrically-insulating gasket having a tubular inner space and opening ends, a pair of polarizable electrodes placed in the inner space of the gasket, a porous separator sandwiched between the pair of electrodes and placed in the inner space of the gasket, and a pair of collectors placed to close the opening ends of the gasket, respectively. An electrolyte solution is stored in the inner space of the gasket. The solution is absorbed to the pair of electrodes. Each of the pair of electrodes has an inner surface contacted with an opposing surface of the separator and an outer surface contacted with a corresponding one of the pair of collectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method to produce an electrical storage device having useful characteristics such as higher charge density, small volume, long-term reliable charge/discharge cycles, low leakage current, and the like. The dry preunit has useful properties in that it can be stored for long periods prior to contact with a non-aqueous or aqueous electrolyte. When the electrode surfaces are contacted with a non-aqueous or aqueous electrolyte, the novel capacitors produced are useful as a portable power supply in applications such as in defibrillator, electrical vehicles, radiotelephones etc.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor includes a casing, a pair of porous electrodes disposed within the casing, a permeable separator sandwiched between both the porous electrodes, and an electrolytic liquid formed of an organic solvent, injected into the casing and permeating the porous electrodes and the separator. The separator is formed from an aggregate of cellulose fiber having a surface modified by an organic solvent thereby.

Abstract: A capacitor of hybrid construction is disclosed including single cathode and multiple anode combination utilizing a variety of anode foils selected for their ability to achieve optimal performance in selected areas of the construction of a spiral would capacitor and blended in a fashion to create maximum energy density and minimum open space.

Abstract: An active liquid-state three terminal semiconductor device employing thermodynamically reversible processes and capable of being combined with other thermodynamically reversible and reactive circuit elements leading to electrical signal amplification in circuits with negligible electrical power consumption but also capable of being interfaced efficiently to conventional thermodynamically irreversible circuit elements in many bionic applications.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor having several cathode layers and several anode layers stacked in a single housing. At least some of the anode layers are electrically interconnected in a group electrically isolated from another group of electrically interconnected anodes. Separate electrical connections permit the separate groups to be independently connected to external circuitry.