Abstract: The present inventions relates to an illumination device, in particular for a vehicle headlight. The device comprises at least one light source, a wavelength converting member converting at least part of the light of the light source to light of a different wavelength, a first and a second light guiding element between the light source and the wavelength converting member, and a reflective member being attached to the wavelength converting member. The second light guiding element is designed to guide the light emitted by the light source and having passed through the first light guiding element to the wavelength converting member and to guide the converted light which has been reflected at the reflective member to the first light guiding element. The first light guiding element comprises at least one first guiding structure guiding the light emitted by the light source to the second light guiding element.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes: a light emitting element emitting first light; a fluorescent material layer disposed on the light emitting element and excited by the first light to emit second light being longer in wavelength than the first light; a reflective film disposed on the fluorescent material layer to reflect the first light and transmit the second light; a light-transmissive member disposed on the reflective film; and an absorbing layer disposed on the light-transmissive member to absorb the first light.

Abstract: Display systems with a single plate optical waveguide and independently adjustable micro display arrays and related methods are provided. A method includes coupling: a first light portion received from the first micro display array to a first input grating region of the optical waveguide, a second light portion received from the second micro display array to a second input grating region of the optical waveguide, and a third light portion received from the third micro display array to a third input grating region of the optical waveguide. The method further includes directing: a first diffracted portion of the first light portion to a first expansion grating, a second diffracted portion of the second light portion to a second expansion grating, and a third diffracted portion of the third light portion to a third expansion grating. The method further includes using a single output grating outputting combined light.

Abstract: An LED light bulb, comprising: a bulb shell; a bulb base connected with the bulb shell to defining a cavity inside the bulb shell, the cavity is filled with air selected from the group consisting of helium and hydrogen, the volume ratio of hydrogen to the overall volume of the cavity is from 5% to 50%; and an LED filament with a plurality of LED chips electrically connected to each other disposed in the bulb shell, at least two conductive supports, disposed in the bulb shell, a driving circuit, electrically connected with the two conductive supports and the bulb base, a stem disposed in the bulb shell, the LED filament is connected with the stem through the conductive supports, and a plurality of supporting arms, connected with and supporting the LED filament.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for emitting light. In one embodiment, an LED has a nano-particle (e.g., quantum dot) coating layer over it for down-converting the light from the LED. The nano-particles are in a dispersion medium for dispersing the nano-particles. The dispersion medium is mixed with a weak acid or a salt thereof. The nano-particles may be coated with silica and the solution is pre-treated with a base or alkali-silanolate to increase the stability of the nano-particles in light conversion.

Abstract: A reflector assembly for a solid-state luminaire is disclosed. The disclosed reflector assembly may be configured, in accordance with some embodiments, to be disposed over a given printed circuit board (PCB) of a host luminaire such that emissions of emitters populated over that PCB are reflected out of the luminaire via the reflector assembly. In some embodiments, the reflector assembly may be formed from one or more reflective members, which may be generally bar-shaped or cup-shaped, or other example configurations. In some other embodiments, the reflector assembly may be formed from a bulk body having one or more reflective cavities formed therein. The particular configuration of a given reflective member or reflective cavity, as the case may be, of the reflector assembly, as well as the particular arrangement thereof for a host luminaire, may be customized as desired for a given target application or end-use.

Abstract: A lighting device is specified. The lighting device comprises a phosphor having the general molecular formula (MA)a(MB)b(MC)c(MD)d(TA)e(TB)f(TC)g(TD)h(TE)i(TF)j(XA)k(XB)l(XC)m(XD)n:E. In this case, MA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, MB is selected from a group of divalent metals, MC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, MD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TA is selected from a group of monovalent metals, TB is selected from a group of divalent metals, TC is selected from a group of trivalent metals, TD is selected from a group of tetravalent metals, TE is selected from a group of pentavalent elements, TF is selected from a group of hexavalent elements, XA is selected from a group of elements which comprises halogens, XB is selected from a group of elements which comprises O, S and combinations thereof, XC=N and XD=C and E=Eu, Ce, Yb and/or Mn. The following furthermore hold true: a+b+c+d=t; e+f+g+h+i+j=u; k+l+m+n=v; a+2b+3c+4d+e+2f+3g+4h+5i+6j?k?2l?3m?4n=w; 0.8?t?1; ?3.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backlight module and a display device. The backlight module includes: module substrate provided with a power supply line and a mounting region integrally; and a light emitting source assembly detachably disposed in the mounting region and electrically connected to the power supply line.

Abstract: A component comprising a support and a semiconductor body arranged on the support, the support formed by a molded body and a metal layer. The metal layer has a first subregion and a second subregion laterally spaced apart by an intermediate space and thereby electrically separated. The molded body fills the intermediate space and has a surface extending in lateral directions free from the subregions of the metal layer and forms the rear side of the support. The support has a side face formed by a surface of the molded body extending in vertical directions, at least one of the subregions formed such that electrical contact can be made by way of the side face.

Abstract: A display includes a light source, wherein the light source includes a base plate, a light emitting unit, and an encapsulation layer. The light emitting unit is disposed on the base plate and has a first top surface. The encapsulation layer covers the light emitting unit and has a second top surface and plural light converting elements, wherein the first top surface is located between the second top surface and the base plate. The encapsulation layer includes a first region, a second region, and a third region from the first top surface to the second top surface, wherein a first sulfur content of the first region is less than a second sulfur content of the second region, and the first sulfur content of the first region is less than a third sulfur content of the third region.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing grow lighting are described. One embodiment of a method includes receiving a lighting cycle for a predetermined plant type and receiving a command for implementing the lighting cycle with a grow lighting assembly on a plant, where the grow lighting assembly includes a grow lighting device with a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs). Some embodiments also include determining an illumination pattern for implementing the lighting cycle for the grow lighting assembly and sending the illumination pattern to the grow lighting assembly for implementation.

Abstract: Provided is a dispersion liquid, a transparent screen, and a method for manufacture of the transparent screen, which the dispersion liquid is for forming a transparent light scattering layer of the transparent screen that is capable of satisfying both visibility of a projection light and a transmission light by anisotropically scattering and reflecting the projection light emitting from a light source. The dispersion liquid comprises a binder and at least either one of bright flake-form microparticles or substantially spherical microparticles. The transparent screen also comprises a cured film of the above-described dispersion liquid. Further, the method for manufacturing a transparent screen comprising a transparent light scattering layer is characterized by forming the transparent light scattering layer by coating and curing the above-described dispersion liquid on a substrate.

Abstract: When forming a first light distribution pattern, the controller is configured to control the magnitudes of the drive currents of first light emitting element and the second light emitting element. When forming a second light distribution pattern, the controller is configured to control so that the magnitude of the drive current of the second light emitting element is smaller than when forming the first light distribution pattern and/or so that a time period in which the drive current is to be supplied to the second light emitting element is shorter than when forming the first light distribution pattern.

Abstract: A solar spectrum-like LED structure, comprising a negative electrode for a three-dimensional integrated package, and a plurality of LED chips and resistors. The negative electrode for a three-dimensional integrated package is a three-dimensional structure comprising a plurality of planes. The plurality of LED chips is installed on the plurality of planes of the negative electrode for the three-dimensional integrated package. Light of different colors emitted by the plurality of LED chips forms a plane light source or a cone light source after being well mixed at an intersection point, thus simulating a solar spectrum. The invention enables manufacturing of a solar spectrum-like LED fluorescent lamp suitable for generating different bands of spectrums for the survival and metabolism of various organisms.

Abstract: Lamp including an array of LEDs disposed at or near the focus of a reflecting optic having multiple segments with different aiming angles (i.e. the angle corresponding to a reflected beam output direction), and a driver circuit for discretely activating some of the LEDs in the array. The angular distribution of the output light beam (e.g., the beam divergence) is adjusted by selectively changing the currents supplied to the LEDs.

Abstract: A daylight portable lamp for inspecting painted surfaces, in particular in the course of paint repair work on motor vehicles, includes at least a head part with a light-exit opening, through which the light that can be produced by the daylight portable lamp can leave, and a sleeve, which surrounds the light-exit opening and is produced from an elastic, preferably rubber-elastic, material, arranged at the light-exit opening.

Abstract: A method and system for recycling signals in a leaky mode device for a holographic display or other application. A leaky mode device comprises at least a first transducer, a substrate, and a second transducer. The first transducer may be configured to receive an input signal from a signal arbiter, which forwards to the first transducer as an input signal either a new input signal or a recycled input signal (or some combination of the two). The first transducer converts the received input signal to a SAW (surface acoustic wave) and transmits the SAW through the substrate to the second transducer, which converts the received SAW to an output signal, and forwards the output signal to an amplifier, which amplifies the output signal (now a “recycled” signal) and forwards to the signal arbiter. This system facilitates persistence for points in a holographic display without the need for continually rewriting to leaky mode devices.

Abstract: An LED filament module and an LED light bulb are disclosed. The LED filament module includes one or more LED filaments, a first connecting portion, and a second connecting portion. The LED filaments are spaced from each other. Each of the LED filaments includes a first conductive electrode and a second conductive electrode opposite to the first conductive electrode. The first connecting portion is connected with the first conductive electrodes. The second connecting portion is connected with the second conductive electrodes. The LED filament module has a first type. The LED filaments, the first connecting portion, and the second connecting portion of the first type are in a three dimensional form. One or two between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion of the first type has a torus shape.

Abstract: Lighting system including first-, second-, and third-light sources each having semiconductor light-emitting device. First source includes lumiphor; and is configured for emitting first light source emissions having first color point between isotherms of CCTs of about 4800K-2500K; and is located within about 0.006 delta(uv) away from Planckian-black-body locus of CIE 1931 XY chromaticity diagram. Second light source is configured for emitting second light source emissions having second color point between isotherms of CCTs of about 2900K-1700K. Third light source is configured for emitting third light source emissions having: third color point between line-of-purples and isotherm of CCT of about 1500K; and dominant- or peak-wavelength between about 590-700 nanometers. Lighting system is configured for forming combined light emissions and causing combined color points to remain below Planckian-black-body locus by about 0.001-0.009 delta(uv) throughout light brightening/dimming curve. Related processes.

Abstract: A light source is realized in a wall portion and a base portion forming a flexible structure, a the wall portion having a plurality of inward facing LEDs thereupon, a bottom edge of the wall portion being adjacent to an edge of the wide portion. The resulting well is subsequently filled with a material to form an optical cavity, the height of the resultant optical cavity being matching a top edge of the wall portion. The top surface of the optical cavity is spin coated with a thin layer of quantum dots which serve to shift a wavelength of light emitted from the LEDs. Finally, a protective layer is applied to fix and protect the thin layer of quantum dots. Thus, a light source is realized which can reliably provide light at a specific wavelength defined by the interaction between the LEDs and quantum dots.

Abstract: A lighting device for room lighting in photolithography applications (in particular a retrofit lamp in sizes T5 and T8) comprises a light engine having a first light source which is configured to emit light in the wavelength range above approximately 500 nm and a second light source which is configured to emit light in a different wavelength range from the first light source. The first light source produces light in a spectral range within which photoresists used in photolithography are not sensitive. The second light source produces white light (either alone or in combination with the first light source).

Abstract: A light source module includes a wiring board and a LED array electrically connected to the wiring board. The LED array can be driven to emit a first group of emission peaks in 300 nm??max<450 nm, a second group of emission peaks in 450 nm??max<550 nm, and a third group of emission peaks in 550 nm for matching the spectrum of sunlight underwater. When the maximum peak intensity of the emission peaks in the second group is taken as 1.0, the peak intensity Ia of each emission peak in the first group is in a range of 0<Ia?0.9, and the peak intensity Ib of each emission peak in the third group is in a range of 0<Ib?0.9. Accordingly, the light source module is suitable for aquatic species and can enhance growing rate of the aquatic species.

Abstract: Multiple pairs of substrate-guided wave-based holograms (SGWHs) are laminated to a common thin substrate to form a transparent substrate-guided wave-based holographic CHMSL (SGWHC) that diffracts playback LED illumination over a wide angular range. This device is made pursuant to a technique that includes the steps of recording a first set of SGWHs with one setup, that upon playback, will couple and guide the diffracted light inside the substrate, and a second set of SGWHs recorded with another setup, that will diffract and couple the guided light out.

Abstract: A lighting device for vehicles having a laser light source and an optical unit which is associated with the laser light source and which generates a predetermined light distribution. A diffusion element is arranged between the laser light source and the optical unit for reducing and/or preventing a speckle pattern in the light distribution.

Abstract: A light-emitting element includes a first electrode; a first light-emitting layer over the first electrode, containing a first phosphorescent compound and a first host material; a second light-emitting layer over the first light-emitting layer, containing a second phosphorescent compound and a second host material; a third light-emitting layer over the second light-emitting layer, containing a third phosphorescent compound and a third host material; and a second electrode over the third light-emitting layer. Between peaks of emission spectra of the first, second, and third phosphorescent compounds, the peak of the emission spectrum of the second phosphorescent compound is on the longest wavelength side and that of the emission spectrum of the third phosphorescent compound is on the shortest wavelength side. The third host material has higher triplet excitation energy than the first host material and the second host material.

Abstract: A lighting module includes a mounting board; a plurality of first light sources located on the mounting board; and one or more second light sources located on the mounting board. A wavelength range and/or a correlated color temperature of the plurality of first light sources is different from a wavelength range and/or a correlated color temperature of the one or more second light sources. A quantity of the first light sources is greater than a quantity of the one or more second light sources. A light distribution angle of each of the one or more second light sources is greater than a light distribution angle of each of the plurality of first light sources.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a raised feature on a glass ceramic element, in which a glass or glass ceramic element is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation in a local region of the surface, the radiation passes through the element and is at least partially absorbed thereby so that the element heats up in the region of the irradiated electromagnetic radiation and is heated beyond a glass transition temperature. The irradiation is terminated after heating so that the heated region cools down to the temperature of material surrounding the local region. The heating causes a change in volume of the element, which brings about a local elevation in the surface that remains after the local region cools so that a surface deformation in the form of an elevation remains after cooling.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes: a light emitter which emits first illumination light that is illumination light for illuminating a display, wherein the first illumination light has a correlated color temperature in a range from 4000 K to 5800 K, and u?v? chromaticity coordinates in an XYZ colorimetric system in a range which satisfies 0.7125u?+0.3284<v?<0.7125u?+0.3339.

Abstract: A lighting assembly (100), an LED strip, a luminaire and a method of manufacturing a lighting assembly are provided. The lighting assembly (100) is for emitting substantially white light of a controllable correlated color temperature and comprises groups of a first light source (110), a second light source (120), a third light source (130) and a controller (140). The first light source is for emitting substantially white light having a color temperature larger than 5000 Kelvin. The second light source is for emitting substantially white light having a color temperature smaller than 2250 Kelvin. The third light source is for emitting greenish light. The greenish light has a third color point in the CIE 1931 XYZ color space within an intersection of half spaces y>=1.04 x and y>=?0.0694x+0.4525. The controller is for controlling the light emission of said light sources.

Abstract: A lens system includes a TIR (Total Internal Reflection) lens and a diffuser. The lens has an optical body member including an upper end, a lower end opposite the upper end, and an outer surface. The outer surface is shaped to provide total internal reflection for light from a light source. An upper surface extends in a series of steps from the upper end to a first interior portion of the optical body member. A substantially cylindrical cavity extends from the lower end to a second interior portion of the optical body member. A middle portion separates the first and second interior portions and has a flat upper surface and a curved lower surface. The diffuser has a curved shell configured for disposing over a light source and configured to fit inside the cylindrical cavity of the optical body member, the diffuser having a circular rim fused to the lower end of the optical body member.

Abstract: In a projection-type image display apparatus configured to project images formed on a display element by using light from a plurality of light sources, the apparatus includes light-source coolers provided to the light sources and configured to cool the light sources, and the light-source coolers are arranged so that light-source heat dissipating directions of all the light-source coolers are substantially the same among the light-source coolers the light-source heat dissipating directions being directed toward heat dissipating parts dissipating the heat of the light sources with reference to heat absorbing parts absorbing the heat of the light sources.

Abstract: A light-emitting device including a substrate at least partially doped with a first conductivity type and including a first surface and light-emitting diodes, each diode including at least one three-dimensional semiconductor element, which is or is not doped with the first conductivity type. The semiconductor elements rest on a continuous first portion of the first surface and at least one semiconductor region that forms a photodiode that is at least partially doped with a second conductivity type which is opposite the first conductivity type, and extends into the substrate from a second portion of the first surface that is separate from the first portion.

Abstract: The examples relate to various implementations of a software configurable lighting device utilizing a projection and/or waveguide-based lighting system that offers the capability to present an image display and/or provide general illumination lighting of a space according to an image display selection and/or general illumination distribution selection. A controller generates control signals that cause the projection and/or waveguide-based lighting system to output the selected images and general illumination.

Abstract: A light device and method for producing an output light beam are disclosed. A light source assembly comprising a plurality of light sources is arranged at the first end of the light device and emits light towards the second end and parallel with the longitudinal axis of the device. The device also has a chamber for mixing light emitted from the light source assembly; and a concave reflecting optic for redirecting light exiting the chamber and emitted onto the optic. The redirected light forms an output light beam. The device also has driver circuitry for controlling drive currents to the plurality of light sources individually or in groups thereof to thereby variably control a divergence of the output light beam.

Abstract: A therapy system includes a controller; LEDs; LED supply circuitry operatively coupled to the LEDs, where the controller is operatively coupled to the LED supply circuitry for control of the LED supply circuitry; and a sensor that senses information of an object, where the sensor is operatively coupled to the controller and where the controller controls the LED supply circuitry based at least in part on the information to therapeutically illuminate the object via one or more of the LEDs.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device includes: mounting a light emitting element on a board; forming a cover layer that contains light reflecting material at a place on the board where the light emitting element is not positioned after the mounting of the light emitting element; and forming a phosphor layer that contains a phosphor by spraying on surfaces of the light emitting element and the cover layer after the forming of the cover layer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described herein for capturing images of plants using a broad spectrum camera while illuminating the plants with specific light wavelengths from light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). A first light source may be activated, wherein the first light source emits light having a first spectrum toward a bed of a plurality of plants. On a condition that the first light source is activated, a first image of the bed of the plurality of plants may be captured with a broad spectrum camera. A second light source may be activated, wherein the second light source emits light having a second spectrum toward the bed of the plurality of plants. On a condition that the second light source is activated, a second image of the bed of the plurality of plants may be captured with the broad spectrum camera.

Abstract: Provided are a light source package and a display device including the light source package. The light source package includes a substrate; a light-emitting device mounted on the substrate; a red phosphor layer formed adjacent to a surface of the light-emitting device; and an encapsulation layer for encapsulating the light-emitting device and the red phosphor layer, wherein a phosphor of the red phosphor layer is a fluoride-based red phosphor or a sulfide-based red phosphor. The light source package and the display device including the light source package display excellent color reproduction, without discoloration due to moisture after a long period of time.

Abstract: An exterior aircraft light includes a mounting board, having an upper side, a lower side and a plurality of side faces; at least one LED, arranged on the upper side of the mounting board; and a mounting board enclosure and lens structure, wherein the mounting board enclosure and lens structure comprises a lens arranged over the at least one LED for shaping an output light intensity distribution of the exterior aircraft light and a covering layer arranged on the upper side, the lower side and the plurality of side faces of the mounting board, wherein the mounting board enclosure and lens structure is an integral silicone structure.

Abstract: An electrically pumped surface-emitting photonic crystal laser includes an electric currents confinement structure arranged on a photonic crystal structure and an active layer with an opening, a transparent conducting layer arranged on the electric currents confinement structure and covering the photonic crystal structure, a metal anode arranged on the transparent conducting layer with an aperture. The photonic crystal laser has its epitaxy structure etched from above to fabricate the photonic crystal to allow laser beams to pass through with conductivity for the purpose of electrically pumping a quantum structure without complex technologies of wafer fusion bonding or epitaxial regrowth. Thereby the laser beams can be emitted from a front surface of the epitaxy structure with a narrow divergence angle.

Abstract: A phosphor and a light emitting device comprising the same are disclosed in embodiments. The phosphor disclosed in an embodiment comprises a phosphor composition of a M4D1-xOyF:Ax structure containing a divalent metal (M), an elements (A) of the active agent, a fluorine or fluor (F) and an oxygen (O), and, wherein the x satisfies a range of 0.001?x?0.1, and the y satisfies a range of 1?y?5, wherein the M is at least one of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn, wherein the D is at least one of Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr and Hf, wherein the F is fluorine, wherein the A comprises at least one of Mn, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb, wherein the phosphor composition emits red light by a peak wavelength of 400 nm to 470 nm as an excitation wavelength, wherein the red light has a peak wavelength of 655 nm to 670 nm and has a FWHM of less than 20 nm.

Abstract: Large-format display systems having color pixels and white pixels are disclosed. In an embodiment, the system includes a video camera, a video processor, and a large-format display that includes the color pixels and the white pixels. The video processor processes the video signal from the video camera, but the video processor does not perform a white-to-RGB conversion. Instead, the information for the white pixels is sent directly to the large-format display to form the color display image. A viewer's visual system performs the white-to-RGB conversion when viewing the color display image. A method of forming the color display image using color pixels and white pixels is also disclosed. Methods of performing color matching using the color pixels and white pixels are also disclosed.

Abstract: A light bulb is disclosed herein, which in general, includes a light transmitting bulb portion and a base portion. The light transmitting bulb portion includes a first gear and an aperture. The base portion includes a second gear. The first gear is rotated independently of the second gear to direct light produced by the light bulb in a direction defined by a rotational position of the light transmitting bulb portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to examples of a through wall light fixture. In one embodiment, the through wall light fixture includes a collimated light source, an optic wave guide, wherein the collimated light source is coupled to a first end of the optic wave guide to be located closer to an interior side of a wall, and a light distribution element coupled to a second end of the optic wave guide to be located closer to an exterior side of the wall.

Abstract: An illumination device including an LED mounting platform (2) having a peripheral region (2a) and a relatively inner region (2b); at least one warm white LED (3) and at least one cool white LED (4) mounted adjacent the peripheral region (2a) of the LED mounting platform (2), and, at least one RGB LED (5) mounted adjacent the relatively inner region (2b) of the LED mounting platform (2); a diffusion cover (10) configured to allow light emitted from the at least one warm white LED (3), the at least one cool white LED (4), and the at least one RGB LED (5) to pass therethrough; and wherein at least one light emission characteristic of light emitted from the at least one warm white LED (3), the at least one cool white LED (4), and/or the at least one RGB LED (5) is configured to be selectably varied in response to an input control signal so as to produce a plurality of lighting modes.

Abstract: An illumination device includes: an excitation light source that emits excitation light having a first wavelength; and a fluorescent member that includes a fluorescent substance that, when it is irradiated with the excitation light, emits light having a second wavelength longer than the first wavelength, transmits a part of the excitation light and reflects another part of the excitation light, and a first reflective film provided at a side of the fluorescent substance, which is opposite to an excitation light incidence side, the fluorescent member emitting multiplexed light including an excitation light component reflected from the fluorescent substance and the first reflective film and a light component emitted from the fluorescent substance.

Abstract: A luminaire comprising: at least one light source for emitting light to illuminate an environment; an optical sensor comprising an array of photodetectors, the sensor configured to output image data indicative of the intensity of light incident on the photodetectors; and a controller arranged to receive the image data, the controller comprising: a presence detection module configured to process the image data to detect whether a being is present in said environment, and control the light emitted by the light source(s) responsive to said detection; a light sensing module configured to process the image data to determine a light level in said environment and control the light emitted by the light source(s) based on said light level; and a commissioning module configured to control the controller to operate in a commissioning mode based on the image data; and configure the luminaire in accordance with a commissioning command received whilst the controller is operating in the commissioning mode.

Abstract: A “low waste multi light-multi side LED lamp” based on optimum usage of LED component properties, improving limited view angel of LED lamps without usage of diffuser bulb (which reduces the lamp lighting intensity itself at least 10-20 percent). The LED having an increased attachable surface with more low power and high efficiency (0.2 w-0.5 w).

Abstract: A bulb apparatus including a bulb, a light cap, a light source assembly and a driving component. The light cap has an inner wall and an outer wall. The outer wall is used for accessing to an external power source. The light source assembly includes a base and the multiple light source components. The base carrying the multiple light source components which form an angle with respect to a predetermined position with respect to the bulb. The bottom outer shape of the base is connected with the inner wall of the light cap. The driving component is disposed in a hole surrounded by the base. The driving component is connected to external power source through a terminal.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) lighting fixture includes a lamp having a tube with at least one LED lamp positioned therein and operatively connected with external electrical contacts. The lamp has at least one communication protocol address associated therewith. A communication protocol converter is associated with the lamp and is configured to receive an instruction from a communication protocol controller, determine if the instruction is intended for the associated at least one communication protocol address, and if so, control the at least one LED lamp based on the instruction.