Abstract: An apparatus for continuously tempering chocolate masses and the like includes at least one tempering circuit (17) for a tempering medium and a plurality of chambers (9), at least one of the chambers (9) being connected to the tempering circuit (17). The chamber (9) includes an entrance (15) for the tempering medium being arranged at the periphery of the chamber (9) and an exit (16) for the tempering medium being arranged at the periphery of the chamber (9). At least one first separating wall (29, 29') is arranged inside the chamber (9), and at least one second separating wall (30, 30') is arranged inside the chamber (9). The first and second separating walls (29, 29'; 30, 30') are arranged in the form of at least two spirals defining a spiral-like canal (32) therebetween for the flow of the tempering medium from the entrance (15) toward the exit (16). The separating walls (29, 29'; 30, 30') each extend from an outside region of the chamber (9) toward an inside region of the chamber (9).

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for mixing calcined gypsum. The invention comprises a mixer which employs high pressure water to eliminate or substantially reduce the formation of lumps of gypsum inside the mixer which cause paper breaks when the calcined gypsum slurry containing the lumps is used to form the gypsum core in a gypsum wallboard product. High pressure water jets direct a spray of high pressure water at the surfaces within the mixer where the lumps of gypsum are formed. The method of this invention utilizes the high pressure water as part of the metered water that is continuously fed to the mixer, with the balance of the water being fed through low pressure nozzles.

Abstract: In injection of steam, gas, liquid or a powdered or granulate product into a fluid in an injection apparatus having a substantially disc-shaped rotor (53), a product inlet (50) and a central product outlet (57), the injection is carried out in an annular injection zone above the disc-shaped rotor (53) at a distance from both the circumference and the center of the rotor (53). The fluid product which may be a liquid with considerable variation of dry solids content and viscosity is exposed to a radial displacement effect as well as a tangential dispersion effect.

Abstract: In the case of a mixing and kneading apparatus for the, in particular, thermal treatment of products in the liquid, pasty and/or pulverulent state, with or without the supply and discharge of gases and vapors, in a housing (1), a shaft (2) rotating in said housing and having disk segments (3) or similar disc-like elements arranged on it, which segments or elements interact with mating kneading elements (7) fixed on the housing, the intention is to form, between the mating kneading elements (7), and between the mating kneading elements and the disk segments, an open space (12) in which a mixing arm (14) engages from the shaft (2). In this case, mixing arms (14) of different configurations engage in the open space (toric space 12) from the shaft (2).

Abstract: A mixer-reactor for mixing at least two fluid substances and carrying out or initiating a reaction between them, wherein the mixer-reactor consists of a substantially rotationally symmetrical casing containing a mixing chamber having separate inlets for the at least two substances and an outlet, the inlet for the at least first substance being provided within the axis of the mixing chamber and the inlet for the at least second substance being constructed in the form of a plurality of nozzles arranged rotationally symmetrically to the axis of the mixing chamber, characterized in that a bolt which is displaceable in the direction of the nozzle axis is allocated to each nozzle, wherein the bolt is acting to remove the caking or clogging material from the nozzle.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus having a cylindrical tempering column comprising a cooling stage and a subsequent reheating stage for continuous tempering of a fat-containing, chocolate-like mass. A plurality of interconnected mass chambers are separated by intermediary heat exchange chambers. The mass chambers comprise mixing and stirring elements (8) with radially extending, plate shaped arms (11) comprising plate shaped mixing blades (13, 14, 15, 16; 17, 18, 19, 20). According to the invention, an opening (24) for flow of the chocolate mass therethrough is arranged in the plate shaped arm (11) at a part of the arm located between the inner mixing blade (13; 17) and the hub. Hereby is provided an axial flow of the mass close to the drive shaft, so that nests and zones of no stirring in the mass are avoided around the shaft, especially where the plate shaped arm is connected with the hub.

Abstract: A device for producing a ceramic sintered body consisting essentially of a mixing trough for mixing ceramic powder with water to form a slurry, the mixing trough having stirring blades, a separate slurry circulation conduit and a slurry mixing deflocculating unit, said separate slurry circulation conduit connecting said mixing trough and said deflocculating unit, said slurry mixing unit deflocculating said powder which has been flocculated with no grinding of powder by means of causing a high-speed shear flow and a high-speed contraction flow in the slurry, said slurry being repeatedly circulated form said slurry mixing unit to said mixing trough through said separate slurry circulation conduit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a machine for mixing and blending liquid chemicals with a gas or air, and more particularly for providing an air and chemical mixture having the consistency of a foam substance for coating the surface of a fabric or other substrate material. The invention provides a mixing apparatus having a plurality of peristaltic type pumps that operate at a system pressure that will permit pulsed mixing of air with chemical substances without using high system pressures to achieve a predetermined mix ratio for a chemical compound. The addition of a premix unit helps to achieve the mixing by providing a two stage mixing process when used along with a blending foamer. A unique air injector of the premix unit aids in the initial injection of air into the chemical substance. The blending foamer has an improved rotor configuration and mounting to also achieve enhanced mixing. The mixing apparatus provides a foam substance of a chemical compound for coating a substrate material in a coating machine.

Abstract: A mixer, having a unique rotor, is particularly suitable for mixing paper pulp having a consistency of about 6-15% (medium consistency) with a bleaching gas having an ozone content of at least one percent, and typically at least six percent. The rotor comprises a disc shaped base, a hub at the center of the base for connecting it to a drive mechanism for driving the rotor at an angular velocity of 1000-6000 rpm, and one or more rings concentric with the base and extending outwardly from the base at least about three inches (and of the same for different heights). A number of blades may extend radially through the center of the base along the contour of the rings, extending outwardly from the base, rings, and hub. Degassing holes may be formed in the hub and connected up to a suitable degassing structure in the mixer. The rings may have a cross-sectional shape corresponding to that of a truncated right circular cone frustum, or may have a rectangular cross-section.

Abstract: A method and apparatus allow large volumes of gas (at least about 10% by volume) to be mixed into a cellulosic fiber suspension having a consistency of about 8-25%. The mixing of ozone containing gas into the suspension is particularly desirable. The suspension is passed into the inlet of a mixer, gas is introduced into the mixer, and the gas and fiber suspension are homogenized by fluidizing the gas and suspension. The flow of suspension through the mixer is throttled so that the effect of the fluctuation and pressure between the inlet and outlet is minimized, and the homogeneously mixed gas and fiber suspension mixture is discharged from mixer outlet.

Abstract: Fluid foods and beverages are prepared by feeding a liquid and particles for consumption in a food or beverage, wherein the particles have an average size less than 1 mm, into a chamber area having opposing sides defined by a face of one stationary disc and a face of one rotatable disc. Spikes extend from each disc face transversely into the chamber area, and the discs and spikes are configured and positioned so that the spikes are disposed in an interdigital relationship so that upon rotation of the rotatable disc, the spikes do not interfere with disc rotation. Upon feeding the particles and liquid into the chamber area, the rotatable disc is rotated for a time for mixing the particles and liquid to obtain the fluid food or beverage which is removed from the chamber area centrifugally, and the preparation process is particularly adapted for preparing individual vended servings.

Abstract: A mixer for fluffing and mixing pulp with treatment additives includes a disc rotor, an annular stator, a pulp feed channel, a ribbon feeder and a baffle, the axially rotating disc rotor including a shaft and a grinding segment. The stator includes a grinding segment which opposes the rotor grinding segment. The feed channel is coaxial with the rotor axis, has a discharge end which confronts the rotor and has an inlet end for receiving pulp. The ribbon feeder is coaxially disposed within the feed channel and has a hollow axially rotating shaft. This feeder discharges pulp at the rotor toward the mixing and fluffing zone. The baffle is carried on the feeder shaft and guides the pulp toward the fluffing and mixing zone. Treatment additives are introduced as the pulp moves toward the discharge end of the channel.

Abstract: A rotor-stator assembly includes a rotor and a stator, each of which has a plurality of teeth wherein the height of the teeth is less than approximately one twentieth the diameter of the rotor-stator. According to a presently preferred embodiment of the invention, the height of the teeth on the rotor-stator is approximately 1/48th the diameter of the rotor-stator. A twelve inch diameter rotor-stator having teeth 1/4" high can be rotated at 3600 rpm with 40 HP when mixing materials with water-like viscosity. The arrangement of the teeth on the rotor-stator is preferably concentric with radial grooves, but angled grooves may also be used. The teeth my have a triangular or square profile and the dimensions of the teeth, other than their height, may vary considerably.

Abstract: A guide vane is provided in a pin fluffer to assist in pulp mat retention during fluffing by providing a cyclic lift component to the mat as it passes over the vane thereby also further increasing retention time obtained in the fluffer.

Abstract: A mill for emulsifying immiscible fluids comprises a mill body having a cylindrical cavity extending therewithin, a fluid inlet at one end of the cavity and a fluid outlet near the other end, both in fluid communication with the cavity. The mill further comprises a stator having a first stator surface, and a rotor assembly having a rotor mounted on a shaft for rotation in the cavity, where the rotor has a first milling surface which faces the first stator surface. Between the first stator surface and the first milling surface is a first fluid milling space. The stator includes at least one annular row of stator projections extending from the first stator surface into the first fluid milling space, and the rotor includes at least one annular row of rotor projections extending from the first milling surface into the first fluid milling space. The annular rows of rotor projections are concentrically adjacent to the annular rows of stator projections within the first fluid milling space.

Abstract: In injection of steam, gas or liquid into a fluid product in an injection apparatus having a substantially disc-shaped rotor (5) and having a central product inlet (10) and a peripheral product outlet (11), the injection is carried out in a limited zone (13) above the disc-shaped rotor (5) at a distance from both said inlet (10) and said outlet (11), the fluid product being also exposed to a radial displacement effect and a tangential dispersion effect. The fluid product may be a liquid with considerable variation of dry solids content and viscosity. The injection apparatus comprises at least one cylindrical wall (7, 8) projecting upwards from the disc-shaped rotor (5), which wall projects between coaxial cylindrical walls (14, 15) projecting downwards from an overlying stator cover (9).

Abstract: A device for dispersing, emulsifying or suspending gases, liquids or granular substances, more particularly for wetting and dispersing powders in liquids, includes a disc-shaped rotor (8) in a dispersing chamber (7), with two substance inlets (72, 76) and one product outlet (11). Each substance inlet (72, 76) preferably has axial duct portions (75, 83, respectively) disposed on each side of the rotor (8). The two substance streams are arranged to bring together the substances in the outer edge region of the rotor disc (67). The product outlet (11) is at an outer edge of the dispersing chamber (7).

Abstract: Method for mixing granulates, powders and liquids in a continuous process, whereby the material is placed in a mixing housing and is mixed therein with the aid of a rotor equipped with mixing arms. The material is thereby moved to and fro many times during one rotation of the rotor, towards the rotor axis and away from it. For that purpose the device with which the method is implemented has longitudinal stators, mounted principally in the axial direction of the rotor, between which the mixing arms move when in operation. The mixing housing consists preferably of two chambers situated behind one another seen in the direction of the axis of the rotor and separated from one another by the rotor disk. The material which is to be mixed enters the housing in the first chamber, where it is undergoes a preliminary mix, then flows into the second chamber and is mixed further there.

Abstract: A multipurpose electric food mixing appliance specially adapted to mix and knead bread dough in combination with a blender device utilizes one power source to drive both the blender and the mixer. The appliance can sense when dough is properly kneaded and automatically shut itself off. A special dough hook/stator arrangement reduces drag on the motor and an upwardly extending cover maximizes the effective volume of the mixing receptacle. A special blender blade configuration increases the effectiveness of the blender.

Abstract: A hopper discharge outlet unit for railroad hopper cars useful for breaking up large chunks of agglomerated material and permits continuous off-loading of the railroad hopper cars including a delumper mounted inside of a pneumatic hopper discharge outlet housing in conjunction with standard pneumatic hoses and an external detachable motor. The apparatus prevents large chunks of material from plugging the pneumatic outlets.

Abstract: A pitcher for grinding and mixing material therein including a pitcher body, a removable lid and a rotary and reciprocal shaft journaled in the lid and having an apertured grinding and mixing plate attached to one end of the shaft. The grinding and mixing plate includes a plurality of mixing holes, four equally spaced semicircular rim segments, and a set of grinding teeth located on the underside thereof facing a set of fixed grinding teeth located in a row on the bottom of the pitcher with the two sets of grinding teeth being mutually facing and interfitting. The mixer plate can be rotated to grind up frozen concentrate or reciprocated within the container to mix liquids therein. The holes in the aperture plate provide a mixing action in both the rotary and reciprocating modes of operation.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for fluidizing solid particles by causing rotary motion of the solid particles in a fluidizing chamber by a plurality of rotating projections extending from a rotatable cylinder end wall interacting with a plurality of fixed projections extending from an opposite fixed end wall and passing the solid particles through a radial feed orifice open to the solids fluidizing chamber on one side and a solid particle utilization device on the other side. The apparatus and process are particularly suited for obtaining intermittent feeding with continual solids supply to the fluidizing chamber. The apparatus and process are suitable for injecting solid particles, such as coal, to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mixer for mixing at least two free-flowing, reactive or unreactive substances comprising(a) a casing having at least two inlets and at least one outlet,(b) a rotatable shaft extending through the casing,(c) at least one rotor disc attached to the shaft such that the rotor disc is perpendicular to the shaft,(d) at least one stator disc attached to the casing such that the stator disc is parallel to the rotor disc and has an opening such that shaft can pass through the stator disc,(e) optionally at least one running wheel attached to the shaft and containing openings such that when the shaft is rotating, the running wheel provides a pumping effect to the mixture passing through the mixer,(f) at least one inlet through the casing for introducing a first substance axially to the shaft and against the rotor disc and(g) at least one inlet for introducing a second substance against a rotor disc at a point which is radially outward from the introduction of the first substance.

Abstract: A reactor for carrying out polymerizations in systems with high concentration of polymer is constituted by a cylindrical body having vertical axis with upper and lower heads; in correspondence of a generatrix of the cylinder an opening with vertical-axis is provided, which puts the interior of the cylinder in communication with the body of an extruder, it too with vertical axis, and solid with the reactor.

Abstract: In a cyclone mixer for the continuous mixing of pulverulent substances with liquids, with a charging mechanism for the pulverulent substances and with a mixing chamber positioned below it and into whose upper region issues a tangential suction tube and which is provided in the lower region with a pump impeller and a dispersing apparatus surrounding the same and into whose lower region issues an outlet, it is provided according to the invention that the dispersing apparatus is constructed as a fixed lamellar ring, which is provided with uniformly circumferentially distributed baffle lamellas extending substantially radially outwards and whose inner portions immediately adjacent to the radial outer boundary of the impeller. In the case of an extremely simple construction, this apparatus ensures that despite the oppositely influencing parameters of high dispersion level and high throughput, a qualitatively and quantitatively very high efficiency is achieved.

Abstract: A homogenizer, with which the homogenization power is minimized while maintaining good homogenization, and with which at the same time the conveying power of the homogenizer is increased. This is achieved via a constant free cross-sectional area within the individual homogenizing stages, and by a hydrodynamically favorable design of the free space which surrounds the tools of the homogenizer. Baffle elements or a subsequently connected second pump stage can be provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous mixing of pulverulentsubstances with liquids is described which, in a mixing chamber, makes it possible to obtain a particularly intense wetting of pulverulent particles in that in the feed zone for the pulverulent substances, the liquid droplets are made to move in a particularly intense and substantially irregular manner.

Abstract: A dispersion apparatus for the preparation of waste paper comprises fittings arranged within a housing and composed of a rotor containing ring-shaped concentric rows of teeth and a stator containing ring-shaped concentric rows of teeth. For the removal of the dispersed substance or material an additional rotor ring containing a number of transport teeth is mounted upon the rotor and an additional stator ring is mounted upon the stator. The stator ring possesses an opening above the discharge chute or portion of the apparatus which extends through an angle of about 90.degree.. The apparatus composed of the rotor ring and the transport teeth and the stator ring containing the opening renders possible removal of the dispersed substance or material, without altering its consistency and without there occurring cooling of the processed substance or material.

Abstract: The invention relates to an equipment for the delivery of slurries and for their refinement during delivery, which has a housing provided with axial inlet opening and tangential discharge opening, furthermore a disc-shaped stationary part in the housing with a concentric opening adjoining the inlet opening, and disc-shaped rotary part arranged opposite the stationary part. Rods are concentrically arranged according to the invention alternately on the stationary part and rotary part in such a way, that the rods of the stationary part point toward the rotary part, and the rods of the rotary part point toward the stationary part, and the rotary part has a jacket surrounding the rods arranged along the largest diameter circle of the stationary part, said jacket being perforated with holes in radial direction.

Abstract: A rotary pulsation apparatus comprises a casing, walls of which define a premixing chamber having an inlet to admit emulsions and/or suspensions into the apparatus. The casing has also a mixing chamber communicating with the chamber and accommodating a rotor and a stator intended to produce a variable resistance to the flow during rotation of the rotor. According to the invention, the premixing chamber accommodates a reservoir having a multiplicity of perforations and being in communication with a source of at least one additional ingredient of a mixture to be obtained.

Abstract: A mixer especially useful for making mechanical foams is disclosed. The mixer includes a stator and a rotor mounted for rotation with respect to the stator, the stator and rotor defining a fluid flow path between them. The fluid flow path includes two shearing zones spaced axially along the rotor. A surface of the rotor extending from the first shearing zone to the second shearing zone defines one boundary of the fluid flow path. The cross-sectional area of the flow path through the mixer is kept substantially constant, varying by no more than about 25 percent, so that zones of stalled flow and low pressure are avoided, thereby maintaining the velocity of the mixture in the flow path relatively high at all times and maintaining a substantial back pressure on the mixture. Portions of the stator and rotor are easily assemblable or disassemblable so that the mixer can be readily converted from a multi-head form to a single-head form.

Abstract: A mixing device of the type having a housing of generally cylindrical construction, having an end wall with concentric arrays of axially extending mixing elements thereon, a rotor being rotatable within the housing and having on the face thereof further axially extending mixing elements in a plurality of annular concentric arrays, the mixing elements of the rotor and housing interfitting with one another. The mixing elements themselves are each defined by inner and outer part-cylindrical surfaces and by further straight surfaces forming the sides of grooves, the axes of the grooves being disposed along different tangents to an inner pitch circle which is concentric with the part-cylindrical surfaces. This provides a much better mixing effect and produces a certain reverse pumping within the mixer. These features enable the mixing elements to be made shorter with the possibility of the rotors and end walls of the housing being formed by moulding.

Abstract: Apparatus for mixing and improving the quality of sauces including a mixing vessel supported on a housing, said housing having a funnel shaped inlet through which the ingredients pass. An annular rotor is rotatable with respect to a stator member, the sauce ingredients being acted on by the same to produce a smooth, improved product. A passageway provides repeat circulation of the mixture through the apparatus and a tap is provided to withdraw the completed sauce.

Abstract: A thin, circular mixing apparatus for receiving from separate sources (1) dry calcined gypsum powder and (2) the liquid ingredients of the core of a gypsum wallboard, with the liquids being fed to a small diameter radially inward centrifugal pump portion, the dry ingredients being fed to a medium diameter circular portion into which the centrifugal pump elements continually force the liquids in an outwardly spiralling path and having a radially outermost circular portion into which the mixture is further forced in a continued outwardly spiralling path and out from which the mixture is discharged, between rotating radially outwardly projecting teeth.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for mechanically mixing two immiscible liquids and one or more other substances by creating in the upper portion of the apparatus a continuous dual-layer liquid film composed of upper and lower layers of immiscible liquids such as oil and water, into which film one or more substances in the gas, liquid, powder, or a combined phase are dispersed and the resulting dispersed mixture is further mixed and emulsified in the lower portion of the apparatus under the action of shearing forces. A portion of the oil to be mixed may be fed directly into the lower portion of the apparatus for mixing with the pre-emulsified mixture.

Abstract: Rubber granulate is cold milled in a pinned disk mill having a fast moving disk and a slow moving disk with the number of pins in at least the outer row of the fast moving disk being half the number of pins in the corresponding rows of pins of the slow moving disk.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating acoustic oscillations in a running liquid medium comprising a stator in the form of a hollow cylinder and a rotor mounted coaxially therewith and comprising a cylinder with closed ends. One of the ends of the rotor has an opening for admitting the liquid medium into the internal space of the rotor which is closed. Rows of apertures are made in the peripheral surface of the rotor and stator, the width of the apertures in the cross-section being selected on the basis of the relationship ##EQU1## wherein .omega. IS THE ANGULAR SPEED OF THE ROTOR,R is the external radius of the rotor,C is the speed of propagation of sound in the liquid medium.

Abstract: An apparatus for discontinuous mixing of at least two substances, of which at least one is a liquid, includes a container and a mixer which is disposed in the container. The mixer has a rotor drivable at high speed and a stator, the rotor and stator are provided with teeth disposed on mutually concentric circles. When the teeth move past one another, shearing slots are formed. In order to reduce the energy input and to reduce the required mixing time and/or improve the mixing results, at least the radially outermost circle of teeth on the rotor is disposed outside the radially outermost circle of teeth on the stator.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus is disclosed comprising a vessel, a central shaft adapted to be rotationally driven and a stirrer arranged for stirring operation upon rotation of the shaft. The stirrer includes upwardly and downwardly extending interleaved blade assemblies arranged for relative rotation and a cross blade transversely extending from the shaft in a sawtooth pattern at the lower level of the blade assemblies. The downwardly extending blade assembly is stationary, and it is carried by an upper support member fixed to the vessel. The upwardly extending blade assembly is carried by a lower support arm fixed to the shaft for rotation therewith. The cross blade extends along the lower support arm, and it comprises a plurality of elements each connecting and extending between a pair of adjacent upwardly extending blades or the shaft and an upwardly extending adjacent blade.