Abstract: A network of processing devices includes a medium for low-latency interfaces for providing point-to-point connections between each of the processing devices. A switch within each processing device is arranged to facilitate communications in any combination between the processing resources and the local point-to-point interfaces within each processing device. A networking layer is provided above the low-latency interface stack, which facilitates re-use of software and exploits existing protocols for providing the point-to-point connections. Higher speeds are achieved for switching between the relatively low numbers of processor resources within each processing device, while low-latency point-to-point communications are achieved using the low-latency interfaces for accessing processor resources that are external to a processing device.

Abstract: A multi-chip module (MCM) may include a substrate, and first and second physical-layer (PHY) chips mounted on the substrate. In some implementations, the first PHY chip includes a multiplexer and a PHY circuit. The multiplexer is configured to receive a multiplexed data stream from a media access control (MAC) device, to demultiplex the multiplexed data stream into first and second data streams, to output the first data stream to the PHY circuit, and to output the second data stream to the second PHY chip. In some implementations, the first PHY includes a router and a PHY circuit. The router is configured to receive a plurality of data packets from a MAC device, to route one or more of the data packets having a first address to the PHY circuit, and to route one or more of the data packets having a second address to the second PHY chip.

Abstract: A device identification server identifies a “household” to which a particular device belongs by associating the device with a LAN MAC address of the router through which the device connects to a wide area network such as the Internet because the LAN MAC address (i) is unique to the router and (ii) is not readily discoverable by interaction with the router through the wide area network, impeding spoofing by malicious entities. The device queries and receives the LAN MAC address of the router through the local area network. The device passes the LAN MAC address of the router along with its digital fingerprint to the device identification server. Devices that report the same LAN MAC address of the router through which they connect to the wide area network are determined to be from the same “household”, i.e., to be managed by one and the same entity.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for maintaining load balancing after service application. A network device comprising ingress and egress forwarding components and a service card may implement the techniques. An ingress forwarding component receives a packet and, in response to a determination that the service is to be applied to the packet, updates the packet to include an ingress identifier that identifies the ingress forwarding component, thereafter transmitting the updated packet to the service card. The service card applies the service to the updated packet to generate a serviced packet and transmits the serviced packet to the ingress forwarding component identified by the ingress identifier so as to maintain load balancing of packet flows across the plurality of forwarding components. The ingress forwarding component determines a next hop to which to forward the serviced packet and the egress forwarding component forwards the serviced packet to the determined next hop.

Abstract: A data transmission device includes a unit that changes the number and combination of optical communication paths forming a virtual communication path. The data transmission device has functions of forming a virtual communication path by connecting only the number of optical communication paths satisfying a required bandwidth and of turning off operation circuits forming unconnected optical communication paths.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and apparatus for band separation for multiband communication systems are provided. One or more circuits for use in a transceiver may comprise a triplexer and a leakage processing module. The triplexer may comprise a multiband port, a Multimedia Over Coaxial Alliance (MoCA) port, a television upstream port, and a television downstream port. The leakage processing module may comprise a television downstream input port, a cable television downstream output port, a MoCA port, and a cable television upstream port. The leakage processing module may be operable to (1) process a MoCA signal to generate a first compensation signal; (2) process a cable upstream signal to generate a second compensation signal; (3) process a filtered signal based at least in part on the first and second compensation signals; and (4) output the processed filtered signal via the cable television downstream output port of said leakage processing module.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a system architecture and method for reducing pin count on a backplane connecting plurality of devices. In an embodiment, the signals from the plurality of devices are multiplexed or mapped into time slots using a MapMux device. The MapMux device then sends the multiplexed or mapped signals over backplane on TDM bus. The MapMux device at the receiving end de-multiplexes or de-maps and sends the received signals to plurality of devices for further processing. The present disclosure allows a large number of signals to be passed between the devices through a single stream.

Abstract: A method and an Ethernet local area network are described herein in which the Ethernet local area network is configured to enable a talking device (e.g., microphone) to send a media stream to one or more listening devices (e.g., speakers). In one embodiment, the method for configuring the Ethernet local area network includes the following steps: (1) providing a user of a talking device with a “relevant” catalog which contains information including positional information about one or more listening devices; (2) allowing the user to interface with the “relevant” catalog so they can select at least one of the listening device(s); (3) enabling the talking device to send a subscribe-request message to the selected listening device(s) requesting that the selected listening device(s) subscribe to the talking device; (4) and sending a media stream from the talking device to the selected listening device(s).

Abstract: The invention proposes a method and apparatus for determination of transmission quality of a communication link between a transmitter and a receiver. Among others, the invention allows to determine the transmission quality of a communication link between a transmitter and a receiver by a tier device, for example a transmission quality testing or monitoring device.

Abstract: A communication device and a method concerning the operation of a communication device is provided. The method may include integrating a device control protocol into a point-to-point-protocol (PPP) frame, such that the integrated device control protocol can be separated by means of an identifier. Also, a logic channel between an application layer and a physical layer of the communication device is provided via the integrated device control protocol. At least one virtual serial interface may be provided within the communication device that is configured to use a device control protocol integrated into the PPP frame. The virtual serial interface includes at least one logic channel for an access of applications in an application layer to units of a physical layer of the communication device.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus is provided that may include an integrated circuit including switch circuitry to determine, at least in part, an action to be executed involving a packet. This determination may be based, at least in part, upon flow information determined, at least in part, from the packet, and packet processing policy information. The circuitry may examine the policy information to determine whether a previously-established packet processing policy has been established that corresponds, at least in part, to the flow information. If the circuitry determines, at least in part, that the policy has not been established and the packet is a first packet in a flow corresponding at least in part to the flow information, the switch circuitry may request that at least one switch control program module establish, at least in part, a new packet processing policy corresponding, at least in part, to the flow information.

Abstract: Managing data in a server system includes providing a plurality of servers, each having an internal gateway/switch that is accessible from outside the server, providing a plurality of virtual servers on at least some of the servers, where each of the virtual servers is accessible by the internal gateway/switch of the corresponding server, and accessing the data using the internal gateway/switch, where the internal gateway/switch determines which particular one of the virtual servers contain the data and then accesses the particular virtual server to provide the data. Managing data in a server system may also include associating portions of the data to tenants of the server system. Each of the servers may maintain a table that correlates tenants with the virtual servers maintained thereby and the internal gateway/switch may use the table to determine which particular one of the virtual servers contains data for a particular tenant.

Abstract: An alternative approach to coping with the ever increasing demand for faster communications hardware is to design modems that are capable of operating its speeds at a higher data rate than a speed required for a single port of the standard communication rate for that modem. Basically, by utilizing a resource manager, that directs the data in and out of the various portions of the modem in an orderly manner, keeping track of which of the ports is being operated at any given point in time, a standard single port modem can be reconfigured, for example, at an over clocked rate, to manipulate the data input and output of a modem.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for integrating a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) client in a wireless PC card are disclosed. A soft mobile phone client is combined with a cellular PC card to create a single physical device that is capable of providing VoIP services to a computer user through the cellular capabilities of the device itself, or alternatively, through any other Internet connectivity available to the computer. When a user inserts the VoIP client/Cellular PC Card into a computer, a graphical user interface (GUI) within the connection manager software is launched allowing the user to communicate VoIP function commands to the VoIP client. A check for Internet connectivity may be performed, at which time the Radio portion of the enhanced PC card may be put into an idle state if connectivity is detected, or may alternatively establish Internet connectivity through the cellular portion of the enhanced PC card.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data downloading method and a terminal, wherein the data downloading method includes: a communication processor receiving an open channel request from a universal integrated circuit card, and sending a connection request message to an application processor according to the open channel request; the communication processor sending a connection success message to the universal integrated circuit card, so as to instruct the universal integrated circuit card to download data The present invention not only enables a process of downloading an application over the air to the UICC by using the BIP (bearer independent protocol) protocol to be completed in a single processor, but also supports the process to be completed in multiple processors.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for processing a series of MAC-hs protocol data units (PDUs) in an HSDPA-compatible (high-speed downlink packet access) receiver in a 3G wireless communication network, the method including: (a) receiving a MAC-hs PDU having: (i) a queue identification (QID), (ii) a transmission sequence number (TSN), and (iii) one or more MAC-d PDUs, (b) then disassembling the MAC-hs PDU (c) then distributing the one or more MAC-d PDU to a reordering queue indicated by the QID, and (d) then performing reordering processing for the corresponding reordering queue based on the TSN. Steps (a) and (b) are performed in a physical layer of the receiver. Steps (c) and (d) are performed in a data-link layer of the receiver.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a modem box, a splitting module, and an integrated access device. The modem box comprises upside communication means for coupling with central equipments through central signals, the latter being modulated for at least one of the central equipments, downside communication means coupling the modem box with terminal equipments through terminal signals, transfer means between the upside and downside communication means, and modem means for doing transformation between the modulated central signals and demodulated signals among the terminal signals. The modem box comprises an outer contact surface receiving a splitting module, which does transformation between the central signals and grouped signals formed with a multiplexing of the latter, and the upside communication means comprise at least one connection element arranged with that contact surface, in contact with at least one respective connection element of the splitting module.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, included are descriptions of providing a single network interface from physical network interfaces that provides a number of receive queues equal to the sum of the number of receive queues provided by each of the physical network interfaces.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a network interface card (NIC) having a plurality of network ports including multiple Peripheral Component Interconnect express (PCIe) ports, a multi-lane PCIe interface adapted for communicating with a server, an Ethernet controller adapted for communicating with a network, and logic adapted for providing overlay network gateway functionality. In another embodiment, a NIC includes a plurality of network ports including multiple PCIe ports, a multi-lane PCIe interface adapted for communicating with a server, an Ethernet controller adapted for communicating with a network, and logic adapted for providing overlay network gateway functionality to traffic that passes through the NIC. In yet another embodiment, a method for providing overlay network gateway functionality in a network includes providing overlay network gateway functionality for network traffic received by a NIC implemented in a server, wherein the NIC provides an interface between a server and a network.

Abstract: Systems and methods for implementing and designing protocols in such communications systems which can be wireless or wired. The systems and methods can include fundamental changes in the traditional protocol design approaches with their constraints of one-to-one mapping in protocols. By doing so, embodiments of the present invention enable an efficient way to design and implement a system to support single or multiple protocols.

Abstract: A stacked chassis comprising multiple physical switch/router chassis operates without any special stacking hardware or stacking channels. Instead, a stacking LAG is installed between front-end switch ports on the stacked chassis. The chassis controllers negotiate a master, which controls operation of all chassis in the stack. A stacked-chassis-wide port numbering scheme is used to distribute information to all line cards in the system. Each line card processes the information to distill physical-chassis significant information for operation of that chassis in the stack.

Abstract: There are disclosed a system, a test module and a method for testing a network device. One or more test modules may be plugged into respective ports of the network device in replacement of respective pluggable transceiver modules. Each test module may include at least one of a traffic generator and a traffic receiver to transmit and receive, respectively, test traffic via the network device.

Abstract: A power aware Point-Of-Presence design and auto-configuration method is disclosed for configuring which network elements within a point-of-presence are powered so as to accommodate anticipated traffic while minimizing power consumption. The IP power aware Point-Of-Presence design and auto-configuration method includes a set of activation thresholds associated with each port in the Point-of-Presence that indicates that the port should be activated when the traffic demand exceeds the threshold. The power aware Point-Of-Presence design and auto-configuration method is particularly useful for providing a configuration which accounts for both external and internal link traffic demand and has the further advantage of ordering the port activation such that only a minimum number of activation and deactivation operations to satisfy a new demand is required. This property is advantageous for limiting the routing instabilities caused by topological changes in response to varying demand.

Abstract: There is provided a node device having a plurality of transmission lines, included in a network, the node device including a first clock extracting section configured to extract a clock from a first packet used for synchronization of a clock in the node device, the first packet being received from the network through the transmission line, a second clock extracting section configured to extract a clock from a signal received from the network through the transmission line, and a clock selector to select a clock out of the clock extracted by the first clock extracting section and the clock extracted by the second clock extracting section, wherein the clock selected by the clock selector is used for synchronization of a clock in the node device.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and media for intelligent NIC bonding and load-balancing including the steps of: providing a packet at an incoming-packet port of a gateway; attaching an incoming-port identification, associated with the incoming-packet port, to the packet; routing the packet to a processing core; passing the packet through a gateway processing; sending the packet, by the core, to the operating system of a host system; and routing the packet to an outgoing-packet port of the gateway based on the incoming-port identification. Preferably, the gateway processing includes security processing of the packets. Preferably, the step of routing the packet to the outgoing-packet port is based solely on the incoming-port identification. Preferably, an outgoing-port identification, associated with the outgoing-packet port, has an identical bond-index to the incoming-port identification.

Abstract: A number of ports are configured in a linecard in a network device as dedicated ports and a remaining number of ports as shared ports. A total bandwidth allocated to the dedicated ports is computed. It is determined that available bandwidth at a central crossbar is greater than the total bandwidth allocated to the dedicated ports. The total data sent the central crossbar is rate limited to less than the available bandwidth at the central crossbar. First data associated with the dedicated ports is scheduled to the central crossbar using a first priority. Second data associated with the shared ports is scheduled using a second priority. A shared port data is scheduled based on a ration of a bandwidth requirement for the shared port as a fraction of overall bandwidth requirement for the shared ports.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for improved performance and energy efficiency of software-based routers. A software router running on a host computer system employing multiple Network Interface Controllers (NICs) maintains a routing table wherein packet flows are classified as managed flows (MFs) under which packets are received at and forwarded from the same NIC and unmanaged flows UFs under which packets are received at and forwarded from different NICs. Forwarding table data is employed by a NIC to facilitate packet identification and flow classification operations under which the NIC determines whether a received packet is an MF, UF, or an unclassified flow. Under various schemes, packet forwarding for MFs is handled by the software router architecture such that either only the packet header is copied into memory in the host or the entire packet forwarding is handled by the NIC.

Abstract: A network device may receive first qualification indicators, for a first signal, from all line cards of the network device. The network device may, in response to the first qualification indicators, transmit instructions to all of the line cards to use the first signal. The network device may further receive second qualification indicators, for a second signal, from all of the line cards. In response to the second qualification indicators, the network device may store information for the second signal in order to use the second signal as a backup signal.

Abstract: A portable data terminal (PDT) adapted to participate in a wireless mesh network including a plurality of peer PDTs can comprise: a PDT module including an encoded information reading (EIR) device, and a mesh point (MP) module communicatively coupled to the PDT module. The MP module can include a microcontroller and at least one wireless communication interface and can be configured to perform IEEE 802.11-conformant wireless station services including authentication, de-authentication, privacy, and MAC service data unit delivery, and IEEE 802.11-conformant wireless distribution system services including association, disassociation, distribution, integration, and re-association. The MP module can be further configured, responsive to receiving a MAC frame addressed to a recipient inside the wireless mesh network, to deliver the MAC frame using the distribution service.

Abstract: A network switch including a first port, a forwarding module, and a queue controller. The first port is configured to receive i) a first frame of data transmitted to the network switch over a first communication channel, and ii) store the first frame of data in a memory. The forwarding module is configured to assign the first frame of data to a second port for transmission from the network switch over a second communication channel. The queue controller is configured to store a first count of a number of buffers of the memory used by the first port. The queue controller is configured to increment the first count i) based on the number of the buffers used to store at least a portion of the first frame of data, or ii) each time one of the buffers is enqueued for at least a portion of the first frame of data.

Abstract: When multiple SDH/SONET frame are accumulated and then lower-order path information removed from multiple frames is multiplexed into the same packet to achieve better transmission efficiency during packetization, the delay for accumulating increases. Disclosed is a transmission device that packetizes an SDH/SONET lower-order path with timing which is an integer factor of 1 cycle of the SDH frame. In this case, the destination loads the same multiple lower-order path in one packet. The result is that delay time accompanying lower-order path packetization is kept to less than the time of 1 cycle of the SDH frame, and the efficiency with which lower-order paths are accommodated in packets is further increased. The result is that improved transmission efficiency is realized.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method may include communicating an alarm suppression indication trigger message from a maintenance end point to an alarm indication suppression generator. The method may further include communicating, by the alarm indication suppression generator in response to receiving the alarm indication trigger message, an alarm indication suppression message to at least one flow point that has alarm indication suppression enabled for the maintenance end point such that the alarm indication suppression message is received by at least one other maintenance end point upstream of the maintenance end point.

Abstract: A data interface for transferring digital data between a host and a client over a communication path using packet structures linked together to form a communication protocol for communicating a pre-selected set of digital control and presentation data. The signal protocol is used by link controllers configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets forming the communications protocol, and to form digital data into one or more types of data packets, with at least one residing in the host device and being coupled to the client through the communications path. The interface provides a cost-effective, low power, bi-directional, high-speed data transfer mechanism over a short-range “serial” type data link, which lends itself to implementation with miniature connectors and thin flexible cables which are especially useful in connecting display elements such as wearable micro-displays to portable computers and wireless communication devices.

Abstract: A data interface for transferring digital data between a host and a client over a communication path using packet structures linked together to form a communication protocol for communicating a pre-selected set of digital control and presentation data. The signal protocol is used by link controllers configured to generate, transmit, and receive packets forming the communications protocol, and to form digital data into one or more types of data packets, with at least one residing in the host device and being coupled to the client through the communications path. The interface provides a cost-effective, low power, bi-directional, high-speed data transfer mechanism over a short-range “serial” type data link, which lends itself to implementation with miniature connectors and thin flexible cables which are especially useful in connecting display elements such as wearable micro-displays to portable computers and wireless communication devices.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for sharing a transmission control protocol (TCP) port by a plurality of applications are provided. Embodiments include receiving, by a transmission controller from a client, a first TCP packet that includes an indication of a new TCP connection for a TCP port; determining, by the transmission controller, an origination of the first TCP packet; identifying, by the transmission controller, a TCP sequence number range associated with the determined origination; selecting, by the transmission controller, an initial sequence number (ISN) within the identified TCP sequence number range; and sending, by the transmission controller to the client, a second TCP packet that includes the selected ISN.

Abstract: A blade switch for increased interface scalability is provided. The blade switch may address interface scalability by having each of the switch linecards manage its interfaces locally and may use the concept of virtual and local interfaces for intelligent forwarding. The blade switch may appear as a single network switch having a single bridge ID from the network perspective during operation and from the customer perspective during configuration.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes a first port configured to receive Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) traffic; a second port configured to receive Fiber Channel (FC) traffic; and a third port configured to transmit received TRILL or FC traffic based on a Fiber Channel over IP (FCIP) protocol.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for maintaining port state tables in a forwarding plane of a network element are presented. The state of a first set of ports associated with a first Forwarding Data Unit (FDU) are periodically determined, the first FDU being one of a plurality of FDUs. The determined state is used to update a first port state table of the port state database associated with the first FDU. The determined state is transmitted to each other FDUs on the network element to enable each of the other FDUs to store the state of the first set of ports in a port state database local to each of the other FDUs. The port state database is used by the forwarding plane to perform fast reroute of packets.

Abstract: A physical layer interface including an auto-negotiation circuit configured to negotiate a first data transmission rate with a network client; a transceiver configured to communicate with the network client at the first data transmission rate; and a serializer interface configured to communicate with a media access controller at a second data transmission rate that is different than the first data transmission rate. The serializer interface includes a transmitter configured to replicate data received from the network client in response to the first data transmission rate being lower than the second data transmission rate.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for sharing a transmission control protocol (TCP) port by a plurality of applications are provided. Embodiments include receiving, by a transmission controller from a client, a first TCP packet that includes an indication of a new TCP connection for a TCP port; determining, by the transmission controller, an origination of the first TCP packet; identifying, by the transmission controller, a TCP sequence number range associated with the determined origination; selecting, by the transmission controller, an initial sequence number (ISN) within the identified TCP sequence number range; and sending, by the transmission controller to the client, a second TCP packet that includes the selected ISN.

Abstract: A communications parallel bus receiver interface having N+1 data lines and method of operation. The parallel bus interface employs receiver redundancy at the bus level such that there are N+1 receiver devices. One of the N+1 data signals comprising a spare data signal when a failure occurs in a corresponding channel transmitting one of N parallel data signals. An input switching network is configured to receive and couple N+1 parallel data signals along respective paths to corresponding parallel-configured bit receiver devices, and adapted to couple one received data signal to two or three adjacent bit receivers. A calibration device calibrates one of the two or three adjacent bit receivers, and a qualification device qualifies data decisions made during calibration processes performed by the calibration device. The method cycles through N+1 receivers for periodic recalibration of each receiver (one at a time) while N+1 inputs are processed continuously and uninterrupted.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for implementing link training for next-generation high-speed Ethernet links including a 100 Gbps Ethernet link. Training frames are transmitted from a transmit port to be received at a receive port, with each training frame comprising a frame marker portion, a control channel portion, and a training pattern portion. Four-level signaling including a low level signal, first and second intermediate level signals, and a high level signal is implemented for the training pattern portion of the training frame using a pseudo-random bit pattern, while only the low and high level signals are employed for the frame marker and control channel portions of the training frame. The four-level signaling may employ PAM4 encoding. Examples of apparatus and systems in which the link training techniques may be implemented include blade servers and network routers and switches.

Abstract: A communications parallel bus receiver interface having N data lines and method of operation. The parallel bus interface employs receiver redundancy at the bus level such that there are N+1 receiver devices. An input switching network is configured to receive and couple N parallel data signals along respective paths to corresponding parallel-configured bit receiver devices, and adapted to couple one received data signal to two adjacent bit receivers. A calibration device calibrates one of the two adjacent bit receivers, and a qualification device qualifies data decisions made during calibration processes performed by the calibration device. The method cycles through each of N+1 receivers to periodically recalibrate each receiver (one at a time) while N inputs are processed continuously and uninterrupted.

Abstract: A method and system for processing wireless traffic of a wireless network, e.g., a cellular network are disclosed. For example, the method obtains wireless traffic, and processes the wireless traffic by a plurality of probe servers, where each of the plurality of probe servers generates a plurality of feeds comprising a data feed and a control feed. The method correlates the plurality of feeds from the plurality of probe servers by a plurality of aggregator servers, where the data feed and the control feed of each of the plurality of probe servers are correlated with at least one other probe server of the plurality of probe servers, and outputs a correlated result from the correlating.

Abstract: A network device including a media access control (MAC) device, and a physical layer (PHY) device. The physical layer (PHY) device is in communication with the MAC device via (i) a first serializer/deserializer (SERDES) and (ii) a second SERDES, wherein the first SERDES and the second SERDES operate at a fixed data rate. The MAC device comprises a translator configured to, in response to the MAC device operating at a data rate that is less than the fixed data rate, i) append a predetermined number of bits to data in a first data stream to be transmitted to the PHY device, and ii) subsequent to appending the predetermined number of bits to the data in the first data stream, duplicate the data having the appended predetermined number of bits to generate a second data stream at the fixed data rate.

Abstract: Techniques are described for providing point-to-multipoint (P2MP) Ethernet service in a L2 network. Routers providing the Ethernet service allow an administrator to classify local attachment circuits as either “leaf” attachment circuits or “root” attachment circuits to define a tree-like architecture for forwarding Ethernet frames within a VPLS domain. Based on the classifications, each of router constructs flood domains, referred to herein as mesh groups, that control switching behavior between attachment circuits and pseudowires that transport the L2 communications through the VPLS domain. The routers utilize the mesh groups when switching L2 communications to enforce the requirements of E-TREE service or other L2 services in which L2 traffic is constrained within the L2 VPN to tree-like connectivity.

Abstract: A method begins by a processing module obtaining a set of encoded data slices for transmission to a receiving entity via a network, wherein the set of encoded data slices represents data that has been dispersed storage error encoded. The method continues with the processing module dividing the set into a plurality of sub-sets of encoded data slices in accordance with an error coding distributed routing protocol. The method continues with the processing module determining a plurality of routing paths within the network in accordance with the error coding distributed routing protocol. The method continues with the processing module transmitting the plurality of sub-sets of encoded data slices via the plurality of routing paths to the receiving entity in accordance with the error coding distributed routing protocol.

Abstract: A transmission source bridge collects packets sent from nodes connected to a serial bus in accordance the IEEE1394 Standards, into one packet in an order they are to be transmitted and then sends them onto an ATM network, so that a transmission destination bridge receives this packet and divides it into a plurality of smaller packets and transfers them, in the order they were sent, to nodes connected to the serial bus in accordance with the IEEE1394 Standards.

Abstract: Provided is a communication device including a plurality of physical ports, the communication device holding information for associating each of at least one logical port and at least two physical ports, the communication device being configured to: identify, when any one of the plurality of physical ports receives data including user data, one of the at least one logical port as an output destination of the data based on destination information included in the received data; select, based on the data, one of the at least two physical ports associated with the identified logical port as an destination of the data; generate coupling check data relating to one of the plurality of physical ports; transmit the coupling check data from the one of the plurality of physical ports; and transmit data including the user data from the physical port selected by a first processing unit as the output destination.

Abstract: A communication system adapted for a vehicle includes a network for communication between at least two communication interfaces respectively connected to a first controller which manages/runs a control application and a second controller which also manages/runs the control application. The communication interfaces have, per controller, at least one communication port from which a communication link is possible. The communication link is a PLC (Power Line Communication) link having at least two electrically conductive links connected to each of the respective communication ports through at least one coupling transformer, for a control application transmission between the two communication interfaces.