Abstract: A data transmitting/receiving method and apparatus for allocating optimal sub-bands and transmission power levels and transmitting data in a ultra wide band (UWB) communication system. The method includes receiving data through sub-bands of each band group; determining performance ranks of the sub-bands based on error rates and differences of transmitting and receiving power levels of the received data; selecting a predetermined number of sub-bands according to the performance ranks of the sub-bands; generating power level adjustment information based on measured power levels of data of the selected sub-bands; and receiving data according to the selected sub-bands and the power levels.

Abstract: A hybrid orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and method are disclosed. A WTRU includes a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver processes received data to recover data mapped to the subcarriers using OFDMA. The receiver recovers first input data by separating user data from multi-user spread data and recovers second input data from non-spread data.

Abstract: A method forms a preamble sequence in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: A system and method (600) of communication by a wireless device (200) operating according to a first communication protocol in at least a first set of frequency bands (320), provides a silent period for detecting the presence of a second wireless device operating according to a second communication protocol in a second set of frequency bands (310) that at least partially overlaps the first set of frequency bands (320).

Abstract: An establishment method of uplink synchronization based on the joint transmission technology utilizes channel symmetry and channel time correlation of the downlink and the uplink in TDD mobile communication system, and then applies the joint transmission technology in the uplink synchronization establishment process in a TDD mobile communication system, and based on the simple processing performed by UE, the base station can accurately detect the timing of uplink signals by performing related calculations. The present invention has fundamentally solved the problem of low probability of success in uplink synchronization establishment.

Abstract: A spread spectrum clock signal generator modulates a reference clock signal based on a spread spectrum frequency profile and includes a phase-lock loop for generating a spread spectrum clock signal by aligning a phase of the modulated reference clock signal with a phase of the spread spectrum clock signal. The spread spectrum clock signal generator also includes a loop modulator for modulating the spread spectrum clock signal based on the spread spectrum frequency profile. Because the spread spectrum clock signal generator modulates both the reference clock signal and the spread spectrum clock signal based on the spread spectrum frequency profile, the spread spectrum clock signal has a non-distorted frequency profile and low phase jitter.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes: a first transmission portion that transmits a radio signal using a plurality of frequency bands in accordance with a first frequency hopping pattern; a second transmission portion that transmits a radio signal using a plurality of frequency bands in accordance with a second frequency hopping pattern that differs from the first frequency hopping pattern; and an adjustment portion that adjusts a start timing of the second frequency hopping pattern such that a time slot of each of the plurality of frequency bands used by the first transmission portion and a time slot of each of the plurality of frequency bands used by the second transmission portion are not the same.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that provide ultra-wideband frequency hopping spread spectrum (UWB-FHSS) solutions for transmit and receive architectures. These UWB-FHSS transmit and receive architectures can transmit signals over an extremely wide bandwidth while using a relatively slow analog-to-digital converter (ADC) without suffering from unacceptable performance degradation. For example, ADCs can be used having sample rates lower than standard Nyquist criteria would require for the bandwidth of the spread spectrum utilized.

Abstract: A network communication device is receive packet-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) transmissions from one or more other devices in a network over a communication channel. The network communication device may determine a delay spread of the communication channel based on receipt of a probe signal from a transmitting device, configure a channel filter to effectively shorten the channel based on the delay spread, and instruct the transmitting device to shorten a length of a cyclic prefix for subsequent packet-based OFDM transmissions to be received from the transmitting device over the channel.

Abstract: In a RF communications system, aspects for single weight antenna system for HSDPA may comprise receiving HSDPA signals via a plurality of receive antennas and individually adjusting a phase of a portion of the received HSDPA signals via a single weight. The phase adjusted portion of the received HSDPA signals may be combined with at least one of the received HSDPA signals to generate combined HSDPA signals. At least one control signal may control the adjusting of the phase of the received HSDPA signals. Discrete phases may be communicated to adjust the phase of the portion of the received HSDPA signals, where the plurality of the discrete phases may range from zero radians to substantially 2? radians. Phase shift channel estimates may be generated during the identified time to determine the discrete phase. A desired phase may be generated from the phase shift channel estimates, and the single weight may be generated from the desired phase.

Abstract: A multi-carrier spread spectrum device using cyclic shift orthogonal keying includes: a modulation unit for receiving a first part of data bits and transforming the first part of data bits to a modulation symbol di by modulation; a cyclic-shift unit for receiving a base code c(0) and a second part of data bits, and performing a cyclic-shift to the base code c(0) in accordance with the second part of data bits to generate a CSOK symbol c(mi); and a multiplier for multiplying the modulation symbol di by the CSOK symbol c(mi) to generate a spread spectrum signal ci.

Abstract: A space-time coding method for a UWB transmission system comprising at least two radiated elements. The method codes a block of information symbols S=(a1, a2 . . . , ap,)) belonging to an M-PPM modulation or M-PPM-M?-PAM composite modulating alphabet with M being even, into a sequence of vectors (si,j, ?si,j), the components of a vector being intended to modulate a UWB pulse signal for a radiative element of said system and for a given transmission interval (Tƒ).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wireless communication are described. In one embodiment, a method for communicating with a subscriber comprises transmitting orthogonal frequency domain multiplexing (OFDM) signals to the subscriber, and receiving direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals from the subscriber.

Abstract: A plurality of communication bursts are transmitted substantially simultaneously in a time slot of a time division duplex/code division multiple access communication system. The communication system has a maximum number of K midamble shifts. Each burst has an assigned midamble. Each midamble is a shifted version of a basic midamble code having a period of P. A combined signal is received. The combined signal includes a received version of each of the communication burst's midambles. A P by P square circulant matrix is constructed including the K midamble shifts. A channel response is determined for each of the K midamble shifts using a prime factor algorithm (PFA) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) algorithm, the received combined signal and the P by P square circulant matrix. The PFA DFT algorithm has a plurality of stages. Each stage has P inputs.

Abstract: A hybrid orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and method. A WTRU includes a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver processes received data to recover data mapped to the subcarriers using OFDMA. The receiver recovers first input data by separating user data from multi-user spread data and recovers second input data from non-spread data.

Abstract: A system for implementing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing scheme and providing an improved range extension. The system includes a transmitter for transmitting data to a receiver. The transmitter includes a symbol mapper for generating a symbol for each of a plurality of subcarriers and a spreading module for spreading out the symbol on each of the plurality of subcarriers by using a direct sequence spread spectrum. The symbol on each of the plurality of subcarriers is spread by multiplying the symbol by predefined length sequences. The receiver includes a de-spreader module for de-spreading the symbols on each of the plurality of subcarriers. The de-spreader module includes a simply correlator receiver for obtaining maximum detection. The correlator produces an output sequence of a same length as an input sequence and the de-spreader module uses a point of maximum correlation on the output sequence to obtain a recovered symbol.

Abstract: Systems and/or methods are disclosed for generating a waveform that comprises a plurality of elements by using a Fourier transform and/or an inverse Fourier transform. The waveform that comprises the plurality of elements may be transmitted by transmitting, sequentially in time, the plurality of elements. In some embodiments, the Fourier transform and/or inverse Fourier transform comprises a Fast Fourier Transform and/or Inverse Fast Fourier Transform and the waveform that comprises the plurality of elements may be transmitted by using, sequentially in time, the plurality of elements to modulate a single carrier frequency.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for allocating tones for communications in the strip-symbol periods in an OFDM system are described. In a strip-symbol, the signal is transmitted using the tones in a tone subset, which is selected from a predetermined set of tone subsets according to a fixed schedule sequence. Adjacent base stations and sectors use the same set of tone subsets but different schedule sequence to minimize the number of collisions between the tone subsets used in adjacent sectors and neighboring cells.

Abstract: The disclosed inventions relate to a method and apparatus for creating scramble signals. The disclosed inventions further relate to a method and apparatus for creating scramble signals from data signals. The disclosed inventions also relate to a method and apparatus for creating minimum-energy scramble signals. The disclosed inventions further relate to a method and apparatus for exploiting sleep and wake commands to achieve efficient data and scramble signals.

Abstract: In a satellite radio navigation receiver receiving a transmitted radio navigation signal, a method of removing I/Q-mismatches in the received signal, comprising: resolving the received signal into I and Q signal component, and providing them as inputs to a demixing stage which removes unwanted signals, the demixing stage including first and second cross-coupled adaptive filters, whose coefficients are updated by the outputs of the demixing stage, the outputs of the demixing stage representing an IQ mismatch corrected signal. The coefficients are updated only by the polarity values of the outputs, resulting in great simplification. The receiver may be a zero-IF or low-IF receiver, and may operate on time domain or frequency domain signals.

Abstract: Method and Apparatus to Perform Reactive Jamming While Simultaneously Avoiding Friendly Pseudo-Random Frequency Hopping Communications is disclosed. The system provides an enhancement to surgical reactive jammers that combines near-real-time jamming capability with the additional feature of allowing tactical communications. The jammer includes a synchronization subsystem that synchronizes jammer lockout frequencies with those frequencies being hopped to by units that are members of a friendly communications network. The synchronization subsystem is coordinated with, and therefore tied to the time-synchronized cryptography of the friendly communications net. As a result, the jammer will be aware, on a real-time basis, which frequency the friendly communications network will next be hopping to. The jammer's awareness of these future frequencies will allow those frequencies to be “locked out” of the jammer's transmission band dynamically.

Abstract: A signal processing system and method for a GNSS digital signal wherein a carrier-stripped GNSS signal, is sampled according to a variable rate, determined by the code NCO, and including a timing circuit arranged to generate a timestamp code determining the sampling time of at least one of the samples in the buffer memory. By taking code samples in this way it is possible to transfer the samples asynchronously to a separate processor for the search task to be performed, for example an asynchronous parallel correlator implemented in the same silicon in hardware, or a media processor such as a graphics accelerator implemented in the same device or a separate physical device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a pilot pattern in a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) communication system are provided. In the pilot pattern determining method, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) demodulator generates frequency-domain data by fast-Fourier-transform (FFT)-processing a received signal. A pilot pattern decider calculates a coherence bandwidth and a coherence time using subcarrier values received from the OFDM demodulator, and selects one of a plurality of pilot patterns according to the ratio of the coherence bandwidth to the coherence time.

Abstract: A wireless communication system and a method for reducing a ranging time. The communication system includes a main synchronization block group which processes the transceived signal and determines whether the transceived signal is a signal desired by a transmitting device when a receiving device re-transmits the transceived signal to the transmitting device; a ranging block which measures a distance between the transmitting device and the receiving device using a ranging signal when the transceived signal is the desired signal of the transmitting device based on the determination of the main synchronization block group and when the transceived signal is the ranging signal; and a symbol synchronization block which detects a start point and an end point of a symbol forming the signal when the transceived signal from the receiving device is a data communication signal. Accordingly, the fast ranging is feasible and channel occupation time can be shortened.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for generating a frequency with a predefined offset from a reference frequency. A spread spectrum generator circuit is disclosed that comprises a voltage controlled delay loop for generating a plurality of signals having a different phase; and at least one interpolator for processing at least two of the signals to generate an output signal having a phase between a phase of the at least two of the signals, wherein the output is varied between a phase of the at least two of the signals to generate the spread spectrum. A spread spectrum having a frequency lower than an applied clock signal is generated using a continuous phase delay increase and a spread spectrum having a frequency higher than the clock signal is generated using a continuous phase delay decrease.

Abstract: A method of generating a code sequence in a wireless communication system is disclosed. More specifically, the method includes recognizing a desired length of the code sequence, generating a code sequence having a length different from the desired length, and modifying the length of the generated code sequence to equal the desired length. Here, the step of modifying includes discarding at least one element of the generated code sequence or inserting at least one null element to the generated code sequence.

Abstract: A modulator, and more particularly an HPSK modulator, is disclosed that enables the circuit scale to be reduced and also enables power consumption to be reduced. An HPSK modulator 209 incorporated in a radio communication apparatus or the like is equipped with a spreading code multiplication section 11, a complex arithmetic section 101, a coefficient determination section 51, and raised COS filters 41 and 42. Spreading code multiplication section 11 multiplies transmit data DPDCH1 by a spreading code Cd1. Complex arithmetic section 101 performs complex arithmetic on an output signal output from spreading code multiplication section 11 and a scrambling code Sn, and performs conversion to complex data. Coefficient determination section 51 determines a filter coefficient Ad1n based on a gain factor ?d1 that determines transmission power. Raised COS filters 41 and 42 band-limit the complex data using the filter coefficient.

Abstract: A system for implementing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing scheme and providing an improved range extension. The system includes a transmitter for transmitting data to a receiver. The transmitter includes a symbol mapper for generating a symbol for each of a plurality of subcarriers and a spreading module for spreading out the symbol on each of the plurality of subcarriers by using a direct sequence spread spectrum. The symbol on each of the plurality of subcarriers is spread by multiplying the symbol by predefined length sequences. The receiver includes a de-spreader module for de-spreading the symbols on each of the plurality of subcarriers. The de-spreader module includes a simply correlator receiver for obtaining maximum detection. The correlator produces an output sequence of a same length as an input sequence and the de-spreader module uses a point of maximum correlation on the output sequence to obtain a recovered symbol.

Abstract: Detection of a process state change includes, in each of a number of filters having differing time constants, generating an estimated average process state from observed samples of the process. A number of state change decisions are generated by comparing each of the number of estimated process states with a respective one of a number of threshold values. It is then decided that the process has changed state if any one or more of the state change decisions indicates that the process has changed state.

Abstract: A proposed spread spectrum signal receiver includes a radio front-end unit and a processing unit. The radio front-end unit, in turn, has an antenna, a digitizing circuit and a primary buffer unit. The antenna is adapted to receive radio signals (SHF) from a plurality of signal sources, and the digitizing circuit is adapted to downconvert and filter the received signals (SHF), and generate sample values (SBP-D) thereof. The primary buffer unit is adapted to temporarily store the sample values (SBP-D) from the digitizing circuit and allow the processing unit to read out a first set of stored sample values (SBP-D) contemporaneously with the storing of a second set of sample values (SBP-D) in the primary buffer unit. The processing unit is adapted to receive the sample values (SBP-D) from the primary buffer unit, and based thereon, produce position/time related data (DPT).

Abstract: Methods and systems for sharing white space with primary services and other emerging services are provided. Signal distribution within a specified location, such as a dwelling, is performed using a home gateway that identifies unused white space, reserves such white space spectrum, and delivers data to one or more devices at the respective location using the reserved spectrum. Signalling between the devices and the gateway is performed over a shared signalling channel, which enables the gateway to advise the devices from where and when to receive data. The gateway also uses a common spectrum reservation OFDM symbol to advise the neighbouring gateways of the local spectrum reservation.

Abstract: A system and method for hybrid FDM (frequency division multiplexing)-CDM (code division multiplexing) structure for single carrier control channels is provided. The hybrid FDM-CDM structure maximizes frequency diversity over the entire available bandwidth such that orthogonality between signals from users in a given cell is maintained. Thus, users in the given cell can transmit over a non-contiguous set of tones. Furthermore, the hybrid FDM-CDM structure maintains orthogonality of a pilot of users in different cells based on a despreading operation in the time domain.

Abstract: A hybrid orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system including a transmitter and a receiver is disclosed. The transmitter includes a first spread OFDMA subassembly, a first non-spread OFDMA subassembly and a first common subassembly. The first spread OFDMA subassembly spreads input data and maps the spread data to a first group of subcarriers. The first non-spread OFDMA subassembly maps input data to a second group of subcarriers. The first common subassembly transmits the input data mapped to the first and second group of subcarriers using OFDMA. The receiver includes a second spread OFDMA subassembly, a second non-spread OFDMA subassembly and a second common subassembly. The second common subassembly processes received data to recover data mapped to the subcarriers using OFDMA. The second spread OFDMA subassembly recovers the first input data by separating user data in a code domain and the second non-spread OFDMA subassembly recovers the second input data.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for a navigation system. A process includes providing a plurality of transmitters distributed throughout a desired coverage area; locking the plurality of transmitters to a common timing reference; transmitting a signal from each of the plurality of transmitters. An apparatus includes a plurality of transmitters distributed throughout a desired coverage area; wherein each of the plurality of transmitters comprises a packet generator; and wherein the plurality of transmitters are locked to a common timing reference.

Abstract: An apparatus (200) and method (300) for receiving a communications signal. A spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) is adapted to demodulate a packet header (110) of a data packet (102) that is communicated by a wireless communications signal. The packet header (110) is modulated with a spread spectrum technique and the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) produces a packet header detection signal (220) representing a successful detection of a predefined packet header value. A non-spread spectrum signal demodulator (212) is communicatively coupled to the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) and demodulates, in response to the packet header detection signal (220), a non-spread spectrum modulated data payload within the data packet. A data output select (234) produces demodulated data produced by either one or both the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) and the non-spread spectrum signal demodulator (212).

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for hybrid spread spectrum radio systems. A method, includes receiving a hybrid spread spectrum signal including: fast frequency hopping demodulating and direct sequence demodulating a direct sequence spread spectrum signal, wherein multiple frequency hops occur within a single data-bit time and each bit is represented by chip transmissions at multiple frequencies.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for hybrid spread spectrum radio systems. A method includes modulating a signal by utilizing a subset of bits from a pseudo-random code generator to control an amplification circuit that provides a gain to the signal. Another method includes: modulating a signal by utilizing a subset of bits from a pseudo-random code generator to control a fast hopping frequency synthesizer; and fast frequency hopping the signal with the fast hopping frequency synthesizer, wherein multiple frequency hops occur within a single data-bit time.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting a spread spectrum encoded message within a received signal is described. The spread spectrum encoded message has an unknown code phase, unknown code frequency offset, and unknown carrier frequency offset. A plurality of code phase hypotheses, code frequency offset hypotheses, and carrier frequency offset hypotheses are searched in parallel. The unknown code phase, unknown code frequency offset, and unknown carrier frequency offset may also be estimated.

Abstract: An identification tag is provided in which radio frequency (RF) circuitry and ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) circuitry are both provided on the same tag, along with some UWB-RF interface circuitry. The RF circuitry is used to detect when the identification tag must be accessed, and is used to connect the UWB circuitry with a power supply. The UWB circuitry then performs the necessary communication functions with a distant device and the power supply is again disconnected. In this way the power supply is only accessed when the UWB circuitry is needed and it's usable lifetime can be maximized.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrical network communications engineering and can be used in systems for automatic data collection from intrusion protection and fire alarm sensors, electric, heat, water, gas meters and fiscal memory data devices for cash registers. The technical result is significant reduction of power consumption in transmitters of system slave units and/or expansion of its operation. A unique random or pseudo-random set of initial phase differences for the adjacent harmonic pairs is used to encode each character of transmitted data, and these sets of initial phase differences are selected in such a way as to minimize crest factor of a total signal. When a fire-alarm sensor is actuated, it is sufficient to transmit only one symbol to an alarm panel which, unambiguously identifies the location of the active sensor and as a rule is embodied in the form of a conventional number or address pre-allocated to the sensor.

Abstract: A frequency hopping communications system is disclosed. A server is adapted to have one or more radio head interface modules and a call processing software module. The call processing software module performs modulation and demodulation of voice and data streams using one or more air interface standards. A radio head unit is coupled to the radio head interface module over one or more transport mediums and communicates with one or more subscriber units using the one or more air interface standards. The one or more radio head interface modules, are adapted to receive frequency channel hopping information, including a channel and a time to hop trigger, from the call processing software module for one or more of a plurality of communication channels.

Abstract: The invention provides an adaptive frequency hopping spread-spectrum (FHSS) transmission system and method, which efficiently utilizes available transmission bandwidth, whilst providing robustness to jamming techniques in wireless communication systems. The proposed technique operates by transmitting a wide-band signal over multiple, single-carrier, parallel transmission subbands, which may occupy non-contiguous frequency regions. The proposed scheme exhibits significant gain in error rate performance, as compared to a data rate equivalent single-subband system in the presence of signal jamming and/or interference without a reduction in the transmission data rate nor an increase in transmitter power. In addition, the proposed system and method are adaptive and enable more efficient use of the available bandwidth for communicating, thus increasing the overall bandwidth utilization of the system.

Abstract: A new communications architecture combines orthogonal frequency division multiple access OFDMA and orthogonal Wavelet division multiple access OWDMA with multi-scale code division multiple access MS-CDMA. The new multi-resolution complex Wavelet application for OWDMA is a Wavelet generalization of OFDMA and forms multi-scale orthogonal channelization filter banks of individual or packet bursts of Wavelets. The new MS-CDMA spreads the users over the OFDMA/OWDMA channels over a wide frequency band and simultaneously spreads the users within each channel such that the resulting spectrum is equivalent to the current wideband CDMA spectrum and the architecture keeps the symbol rates equal to the individual channel frequency spacing for ease of synchronization and equalization to counter multipath. Variable transmit power control is supported for the different MS-CDMA groups of channels.

Abstract: Systems and methods for signal conversion are provided. Signals are spread in a continuous spectrum by a spread spectrum signal, such as a direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) signal. The signals are then processed, which may include but is not limited to analog-to-digital conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, frequency conversion, clipping, filtering or a plurality of processes. The processed signal is then despread using substantially the same spreading signal that was used to spread the signal.

Abstract: A hybrid channel map is described. In an implementation, a client obtains a plurality of channel maps, each from a respective one of a plurality of content providers that are configured to provide content via channels to the client. A hybrid channel map is formed from the plurality of channel maps.

Abstract: A hybrid spread spectrum system includes a signal combiner for (a) receiving a plurality of spread spectrum encoded data signals and (b) forming a plurality of combined signals. A first set of mixers is included for (a) receiving the plurality of combined signals and at least two carriers, and (b) forming at least a two-carrier, constant envelope signal. A second set of mixers is also included for (a) receiving the at least two-carrier, constant envelope signal and a transmitter hopping signal and (b) forming a hybrid spread spectrum signal. The combined signals include (a) [s1(t)?s1(t)s2(t)s3(t)] and (b) [s2(t)+s3(t)], where si(t) are three separate spread spectrum encoded data signals. The transmitter hopping signal is a sequence of tones having (a) a duration Tc, where Tc is a chip duration, and (b) frequencies fn taken from a set of 2k values, where k is a number of bits from a pseudo-random noise (PRN) sequence.

Abstract: A transmission system using frequency and time spreading techniques is disclosed. The transmission system allows priority of transmission parameters and adjustment of same in relation to transmission quality and channel characteristics measured in real time.

Abstract: A technique for disrupting the operation of a target containing nonlinear electronic devices generally includes generating a high frequency signal; generating a low frequency signal; modulating the high frequency signal with the low frequency signal; and emitting the modulated high frequency signal at the target.

Abstract: Broadband, ultra wideband and ultra narrowband (UWN) reconfigurable, interoperable communication and broadcasting system architectures, combinations and hybrids of ultra wideband (UWB), ultra narrowband (UNB) and efficient broadband wireless, baseband, intermediate frequency (IF) and radio frequency (RF) implementations for Bit Rate Agile (BRA) reconfigurable and interoperable systems, Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC). Processing the data signals, of clock signals, and/or carrier cycles waveforms leads to shaped radio-frequency (RF) cycles, waveforms and wavelets. With Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) diversity and protection system configuration the performance and capacity of these systems may be further enhanced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for establishing a connection between a scanner device and a pager device over a sequence of hop channels. The scanner device is repetitively activated and a hop channel is selected from the sequence of hop channels as a function of a present phase. A determination is made as to whether the selected hop channel is a forbidden hop channel. A substitute hop channel is selected from the sequence of hop channels as the selected hop channel if the selected hop channel is a forbidden hop channel. The selected hop channel is monitored for receipt of a paging message during the present phase.