Abstract: A substrate is composed of a first material. A photonic structure is composed of the first material connected to one or more support structures composed of the first material between the photonic structure and a surface of the substrate, with at least one of the support structures supporting a first section of a strip of the photonic structure. The first section has a width that is wider than a width of a second section of the strip and has a length that is at least about twice the width of the second section of the strip.

Abstract: An optical receptacle includes a first optical surface which receives incidence of light, a reflecting surface which reflects light along a substrate, a light separating section which separates light from the reflecting surface into monitor light and signal light, a second optical surface which emits the monitor light toward a light receiving element, and a third optical surface which emits the signal light. The light separating section includes a plurality of separating units each including a vertical splitting transmissive surface, an inclining splitting reflecting surface and a parallel splitting stepped surface. In the light separating section, 4 to 6 separating units are disposed within a region where light reflected at the reflecting surface is incident. A height of a boundary between the splitting transmissive surface and the splitting stepped surface with respect to a virtual plane including the splitting reflecting surface is 13 to 21 ?m.

Abstract: An optical system for light energy concentration may comprise a light concentrator to convert incident light to converging light, a light collimating element to receive the converging light and to reduce an angle of convergence of the converging light, and a light directing element to direct the reduced-angle converging light to a light guide to transmit the directed light.

Abstract: A light intensity subtractor according to one aspect of the present invention includes a light subtraction unit, a feedback circuit, a light input port, a first light output port, and a second light output port. The light subtraction unit receives input light through the light input port, outputs first output light to the first light output port, and outputs second output light to the second light output port. The light subtraction unit generates the first output light by reducing the light intensity of the second output light from the light intensity of the input light in accordance with a control voltage. The feedback circuit is connected to the light subtraction unit through the second light output port, and outputs the control voltage in accordance with the light intensity of the received second output light.

Abstract: Optical stack is disclosed. The optical stack includes a first optical stack that includes, a first optical adhesive layer, and a reflective polarizer layer that is disposed on the first optical adhesive layer. The reflective polarizer layer substantially reflects light of a first polarization state and substantially transmits light of a second polarization state orthogonal to the first polarization state. The optical stack also includes a second optical stack that includes a second optical adhesive layer, a low index layer that is disposed on the second optical adhesive layer and includes a plurality of voids dispersed in a binder, and a light directing film that is disposed on the low index layer and includes a plurality of unitary discrete structures. Portions of each unitary discrete structure penetrate into the first optical adhesive layer. Portions of each unitary discrete structure do not penetrate into the first optical adhesive layer.

Abstract: A silicon-based opto-electronic circuit is formed to exhibit reduced polarization-dependent loss by strategically placing the photodetecting device as close as possible to the entry point of the optical signal into the opto-electronic circuit arrangement. While the incoming optical signal will include both TE and TM modes, by minimizing the length of the optical waveguide path along which the signal must propagate before reaching a photodetector, the attenuation associated with TM mode signal will be negligible.

Abstract: An optical receptacle has a first optical surface which receives incidence of light from a light emitting element, a reflecting surface which reflects the light along a substrate, a light separating section which separates light reflected at the reflecting surface into monitor light and signal light, a second optical surface which emits the monitor light toward a light receiving element, and a third optical surface which emits the signal light toward an optical fiber. The light separating section has a plurality of splitting transmissive surfaces which are vertical surfaces with respect to the optical axis of the light reflected at the reflecting surface and a plurality of splitting reflecting surfaces which are inclining surfaces with respect to the optical axis of the light reflected at the reflecting surface. The splitting transmissive surfaces and the splitting reflecting surfaces are alternately disposed in a first direction and in a second direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor package and a semiconductor device including the same. The semiconductor package includes: a package substrate; a plurality of connection elements that are disposed on the package substrate; and a semiconductor chip that includes at least one optical input/output element that transmits/receives an optical signal to/from the outside at an optical input/output angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to a bottom surface of the package substrate, and is electrically connected to the package substrate through the plurality of connection.

Abstract: A plasmonic transducer includes at least two metal elements with a gap therebetween. The metal elements are placed along a plasmon-enhanced, near-field radiation delivery axis. Cross sections of the metal elements in a plane normal to the delivery axis vary in shape along the delivery axis. The metal elements have a reduced cross section portion at a media-facing surface oriented normal to the delivery axis. A dielectric material surrounds the reduced cross section portion of the plasmonic transducer at the media-facing surface, and reduces deformation of the metal elements proximate the media-facing surface at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: An improved system for safe and efficient generation of plasmas and vapors bubbles with continuous wave radiations and low levels of power densities, sufficient to treat medical pathologies and to avoid the creation damage to healthy tissue is provided. Transmission means in different configurations are used to achieve a high absorption in water, which is able to initiate plasma with low levels of power density. Once plasma and vapor bubbles are formed, they absorb other wavelengths in addition to the one that initiated it. Other wavelengths, more efficiently generated by diodes or diode pumped lasers, are added into the beam to improve treatment efficiency. This modulated plasma produces fast tissue ablation and good hemostasis effect with minimal overheating of remaining tissue. After plasma and high-energy vapors are generated, only laser radiation that passes through the plasma bubble directly interacts with soft tissues.

Abstract: A light injection system includes a radiation source, an optical waveguide, and an optical component. The radiation source emits radiation and is oriented relative to the optical waveguide such that a first portion of radiation emitted from the radiation source couples into the optical waveguide as emitted from the radiation source and a second portion of radiation emitted from the radiation source bypasses the optical waveguide as emitted from the radiation source. The optical component redirects at least some of the second portion of radiation emitted from the radiation source that would otherwise bypass the optical waveguide and enables at least some of the redirected radiation to couple into the optical waveguide instead of bypass the optical waveguide.

Abstract: In one example, a composite processor includes a circuit board, a first processor element package, and a second processor element package. The circuit board has an optical link and an electrical link. The first processor element package includes a substrate with an integrated circuit, a sub-wavelength grating optical coupler, and an electrical coupler coupled to the electrical link of the circuit board. The second processor element package includes a substrate with an integrated circuit, a sub-wavelength grating optical coupler, and an electrical coupler coupled to the electrical link of the circuit board. The sub-wavelength grating optical coupler of the first processor element package, the optical link of the circuit board, and the sub-wavelength grating optical coupler of the second processor element package collectively define an optical communications path between the substrate of the first processor element package and the substrate of the second processor element package.

Abstract: An optical wave guide includes an optical waveguide layer in which a core layer is surrounded by a cladding layer, a light path converting portion provided to a light entering side and a light emitting side of the optical waveguide layer respectively, a light entering portion demarcated in an outer surface of the cladding layer, in which a light is entered to the light path converting portion of the light entering side; and a light emitting portion demarcated in an outer surface of the cladding layer, in which a light from the light path converting portion of the light emitting side is emitted, wherein an outer surface of the cladding layer except the light entering portion and the light emitting portion is formed as a roughened surface.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided which can compensate for a bias shift between an output light and a monitoring light of the optical modulator and which has a configuration capable of being reduced in size with a simple structure. The optical modulator comprises a substrate that has an electro-optical effect, an optical waveguide that includes a Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide formed in the substrate, a modulation electrode that modulates light waves propagating in the optical waveguide, an optical fiber that guides an output light from the optical waveguide, light collecting means for collecting two radiated lights from the Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide toward a single optical receiving element, and light intensity ratio adjusting means for adjusting a light intensity ratio of the two radiated lights received by the optical receiving element.

Abstract: According to the present invention, as a result of using a depressed or trench-assisted light-receiving waveguide in which the core is surrounded by a layer having a refractive index lower than that of a cladding as light-receiving means for receiving light outputted from a multi-core optical fiber, the layer of a low refractive index can inhibit the propagation of noise, etc. from the cladding to the core. Consequently, even in cases where the inter-core crosstalk is small, it is possible to accurately measure the inter-core crosstalk since components different from crosstalk-derived components in optical power are reduced.

Abstract: In embodiments of this invention, light emitting devices comprise film-based lightguides comprising at least one light input coupler and an array of coupling lightguides that are folded or bent and disposed substantially above one another. The edges of the coupling lightguides may form part of a light input surface. The light emitting device may comprise more than one light input coupler and the film may be less than 500 microns in thickness. In embodiments of this invention, methods of manufacturing lightguides and light input couplers comprise steps that translate linear fold regions of the coupling lightguides relative to each other such that the coupling lightguides are bent or folded above each other. In other embodiments of this invention, an electroluminescent sign, light fixture, frontlight for a reflective display, or a backlight for a transmissive display comprises a lightguide and light input coupler comprising coupling lightguides.

Abstract: An apparatus consisting of stacked slab waveguides whose outputs are vertically staggered is disclosed. At the input to the stacked waveguides, the entrances to each slab lie in approximately the same vertical plane. A spot which is imaged onto the input will be transformed approximately to a set of staggered rectangles at the output, without substantial loss in brightness, which staggered rectangles can serve as a convenient input to a spectroscopic apparatus. A slit mask can be added to spatially filter the outputs so as to present the desired transverse width in the plane of the spectroscopic apparatus parallel to its dispersion.

Abstract: A solar energy system for collecting light includes at least one stretchable lightguide film configured to optically couple light into a lightguide condition in the at least one stretchable lightguide film. Also disclosed is a method for collecting light with a lightguide film that includes stretching or contracting the lightguide film having one or more coupling features to optically couple light into the lightguide film.

Abstract: Lightguides, devices incorporating lightguides, processes for making lightguides, and tools used to make lightguides are described. A lightguide includes light extractors arranged in a plurality of regions on a surface of the lightguide. The orientation of light extractors in each region is arranged to enhance uniformity and brightness across a surface of the lightguide and to provide enhanced defect hiding. The efficiency of the light extractors is controlled by the angle of a given light extractor face with respect to a light source illuminating the light guide.

Abstract: A lens element includes a main body. The main body includes a number of first lens portions, a number of second lens portions corresponding to the first lens portions, and a deflecting portion upwardly protruding from a surface of the main body. The deflecting portion includes a deflecting surface positioned outside the main body. The deflecting surface deflects optical signals between the first lens portions and the second lens portions.

Abstract: An optical communication module includes a substrate, an optical signal receiving unit, an optical signal emitting unit and a coupler. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface. The substrate defines through holes passing through the first and second surfaces. The optical signal receiving unit includes optical-electrical signal converters. The optical signal emitting unit includes optical signal generators. Each of the optical-electrical signal converters and the optical signal generators is mounted on the first surface and aligned with a corresponding one of the through holes. The coupler includes coupling lenses. The coupler is fixed to the second surface. Each of the optical-electrical signal converters and the optical signal generators is aligned with a corresponding coupling lens through the corresponding through hole.

Abstract: Optical signals are transmitted across a rotary junction using an active optical rotary coupler. A rotary optical joint assembly includes a rotatable optical coupler and an optical signal processing system. The rotatable optical coupler aligns two optical fibers for optical communication across a rotary optical junction. The optical signal processing system includes a local optical transceiver that receives the signals and compensates for at least a portion of signal loss or other signal imperfections incurred from transmitting the signal across the rotary optical junction. The local optical transceiver also processes the signals for longer distance transmission.

Abstract: A Head Up Display can be utilized to find light from an energy source. The Head Up Display includes a first waveguide having a first input coupler and a first output coupler. The Head Up Display can also include a second waveguide having a second input coupler and a second output coupler. The first waveguide has a first major surface and the second waveguide has a second major surface, which are disposed approximately parallel to each other. The first waveguide and the second waveguide are positioned as a combiner and allowing viewing an outside feed and information from an image source. The first input coupler diffracts light in the first field of view into the first waveguide and light in a second field of view reaches the second input coupler and is diffracted into the second waveguide.

Abstract: Light-coupling systems and methods that employ light-diffusing optical fiber are disclosed. The systems include a light source and a light-diffusing optical fiber optically coupled thereto. The light-diffusing optical fiber has a core, a cladding and a length. At least a portion of the core comprises randomly arranged voids configured to provide substantially spatially continuous light emission from the core and out of the cladding along at least a portion of the length. A portion of the light-diffusing optical is embedded in an index-matching layer disposed adjacent a lower surface of a transparent sheet. Light emitted by the light-diffusing optical fiber is trapped within the transparent sheet and index-matching layer by total internal reflection and is scattered out of the upper surface of the transparent sheet by at least one scattering feature thereon.

Abstract: Plastic optical fiber data communication links. Particularly, plastic optical fiber data communication links for embedded applications. More particularly, unique packaging approaches to constructing a very small, low cost, but high performance optical link, which may operate at 1 gigabits per second (Gbps) or faster.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and products illuminate display devices. An image is injected into a tapered portion of a waveguide. The tapered portion reflects the image to create total internal reflectance of the image within the waveguide. A frustrator withdraws a frustrated image from the waveguide, and the frustrated image is displayed to a viewer.

Abstract: An optical device includes first and second optical waveguides that each include a core and a cladding, and a connector that optically couples the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide with a lens interposed therebetween, wherein, in at least one of the first and the second optical waveguides, a difference in refractive index between the core and the cladding in a first direction differs from a difference in refractive index between the core and the cladding in a second direction that is different from the first direction, and wherein, in at least one of the first and the second optical waveguide, a first point of emergence of first rays that are output at angles in the first direction and a second point of emergence of second rays that are output at angles in the second direction are offset from each other along an optical axis.

Abstract: An optical guide comprises an injection zone intended to inject into the optical guide a light signal and an extraction zone intended to provide the light signal after transport by the optical guide. The optical guide comprises, in a superposed manner, at least two guidance elements. In a zone situated between the injection zone and the extraction zone, the guidance elements are partially separated from one another by a semi-reflective coating of length, in the direction or propagation of the light signal in the optical guide, dependent on a minimum angle of incidence of the light signal and on the thickness of at least one of the guidance elements that the semi-reflective coating separates.

Abstract: A connector adapted for use in an illumination system comprising at least one optical element, such as an optical fiber. is disclosed. The connector comprises a housing dimensioned so that internally it retains at least one end portion of at least one optical element, and externally substantially follows the shape of the end portion(s) of the optical element(s). This forms a join between the ends of the optical element(s). A light source is also contained within the housing and positioned so as to illuminate the end portions of at least one optical element. Electrical connection means adapted to connect the light source to an external power supply are provided. The electrical connection means being moveable relative to the housing. The electrical connection means may be carried by a flexible substrate, or may be formed by slideable contacts within a light guide rail.

Abstract: It is expected to provide an optical communication module that can avoid the reduction in the performance of light communication when an edge emitting type photoelectric device is mounted. The optical communication module is configured to include: a basement where a convex first and second lenses are integrally formed on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively; and a laser diode aligned with the first lens on the upper surface to emit light in the direction toward the first lens. It is configured that the first lens refracts the light emitted from the laser diode to become substantially parallel to the upper surface of the basement and the refracted light is reflected toward the direction of second lens.

Abstract: At the time of assembly of an optical transmission/reception module, a test variable wavelength light source 22 for outputting a test light signal is connected to a connector 8 of an optical fiber 7, and a large-diameter PD 23 measures a transmission loss in a light wavelength band limiting filter 12 while a rotational position determining unit 24 rotates a fiber ferrule 5, so that the rotational position determining unit 24 determines the rotational position ?loss-min of the fiber ferrule 5 which minimizes the transmission loss in the light wavelength band limiting filter 12, and aligns the fiber ferrule 5 at the rotational position ?loss-min.

Abstract: An optical multiplexer/de-multiplexer (MUX/de-MUX) includes a two-dimensional pattern of features in a propagation region that conveys an optical signal having wavelengths. A given feature in this pattern has a characteristic length and the features have an average pitch, both of which are less than fundamental smallest of the wavelengths divided by an effective index of refraction of the propagation region. Moreover, an optical device in the optical MUX/de-MUX images and diffracts the optical signal using a reflective geometry, and provides the imaged and diffracted optical signal to output ports. For example, the optical device may include an echelle grating.

Abstract: An optical receptacle disposed between a photoelectric conversion device and an optical fiber includes a light separating section for separating incident light into monitor light and fiber coupled light, which section includes a segmented reflective surface and a segmented transmitting surface. The reflective surface for reflecting light as monitor light is disposed in a segmented manner with spaces in a segmentation direction. The transmitting surface is disposed in a segmented manner in areas where the reflective surface is not disposed, so as to transmit a portion of light other than the reflected light in a direction directly oppose to the direction of the reflected light and to advance the other portion of light towards the side of an end face of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A binocular display includes a waveguide. A convex spherical mount has a fixed position relative to the waveguide. A light engine includes a concave spherical mount that adjustably mates with the convex spherical mount.

Abstract: A device and method are provided which achieve tissue ablation as well as tissue coagulation substantially simultaneously during the treatment of BPH by utilizing at least two wavelengths of light. The device and method improve urinary flow and minimize post-treatment blood loss and edema while maintaining a nearly blood-free operating field during treatment by irradiating substantially simultaneously with at least two different wavelengths of light. According to the present invention, tissue ablation is affected by having one wavelength that is highly absorbed in the prostatic tissue while another less highly absorbed wavelength coagulates surrounding tissues while maintaining minimal thermal damage to surrounding tissue. In a preferred embodiment the highly absorbed wavelength is about 1460 nm and the less absorbed by water but with some significant hemoglobin absorption is about 980 nm. This combination aids the patient by reducing blood loss and edema.

Abstract: The optical waveguide with mirror 10 of the present invention includes: a lower clad layer 22; a core pattern 24 formed above the lower clad layer 22; a mirror 30 formed on the inclined surface 31 of the core pattern 24; an upper clad layer 26 covering the part other than the mirror 30 on the core pattern 24; and an opening 26a with an approximate pillar shape, the opening being formed on the upper clad layer 26, wherein the mirror 30 is formed in the opening 26a.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical conversion element capable of highly efficient optical coupling between a silicon waveguide and a general single-mode optical fiber only by butt-coupling without requiring anti-reflective coating. One embodiment is an optical conversion element that includes a waveguide structure and converts a mode field of guided light and is characterized in that at least a dual core is included, an innermost core of the dual core is a silicon inverse tapered thin wire core, a first outer core is a forward tapered ridge core having a ridge structure formed of an oxide film with only width of the ridge core changing. The first outer core is positioned on a narrow width side of the innermost core.

Abstract: Micro-optic filtering devices and the method of making the same are described. In one aspect, the invention is related to techniques of obtaining low-loss coupling optics, packaging structure and process to secure components constituting a micro-optic fiber device. To support and fix various components in a fiber optic device, tubes are used to facilitate the manufacturability of these optical devices. These tubes may be metal tubes or glass tubes.

Abstract: An optical communication apparatus includes a PCB, a photoelectric element, a driver chip, and a light waveguide. The PCB defines a groove in a surface thereof. The groove includes a bottom surface and a side surface connected to the bottom surface. The PCB includes a reflecting layer coated on the side surface. The photoelectric element includes an optical portion for emitting/receiving light carrying optical signals. An optical signal emitting/receiving direction of the photoelectric element is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the PCB. The side surface passes through a projection area of the optical portion along a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the PCB. An end of the light waveguide is positioned on the bottom surface of the groove and is out of the projection area of the optical portion. The reflecting layer couples optical signals between the photoelectric element and the light waveguide.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical wave guide device is described in which a buried oxide layer (BOX) is capable of guiding light. Optical signals may be transmitted from one part of the semiconductor device to another, or with a point external to the semiconductor device, via the wave guide. In one example, an optical wave guide is provided including a core insulating layer encompassed by a clad insulating layer. The semiconductor device may contain an etched hole for guiding light to and from the core insulating layer from a transmitter or to a receiver.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises: source, primary, and secondary waveguides formed in waveguide layers on a substrate; a light source; and an optical waveguide tap. The light source launches a source optical signal along the source waveguide. The tap divides the source optical signal into a primary optical signal in the primary waveguide and a secondary optical signal in the secondary waveguide. The secondary optical signal emerges from the secondary waveguide to exit the waveguide layers at the substrate edge or to propagate within the waveguide layers as a stray optical signal without confinement by any waveguide. The stray optical signal propagates thusly unconfined into the open mouth of an optical trap that comprises one or more lateral surfaces formed in the waveguide layers and an opaque coating on the lateral surfaces, and comprises a spiral region of the optical waveguide layers with an open mouth and closed end.

Abstract: Method for modifying the splitting or combining ratio of a first multimode interference (MMI) coupler (100), which first coupler is arranged to convey light from one or several input waveguides to one or several output waveguides, wherein a film (103a) of a material is arranged over the first coupler, wherein the film is strained so that a force is applied by the film to the surface of the first coupler, and so that the refractive index profile in the material of the first coupler changes as a consequence of the force, and wherein the splitting or combining ratio is modified as a consequence of the changed refractive index profile.

Abstract: A method and system for coupling optical signals into silicon optoelectronic chips are disclosed and may include coupling one or more optical signals into a back surface of a CMOS photonic chip in a photonic transceiver, wherein photonic, electronic, or optoelectronic devices may be integrated in a front surface of the CMOS photonic chip. Optical couplers, such as grating couplers, may receive the optical signals in the front surface of the chip. The optical signals may be coupled into the back surface of the chips via optical fibers and/or optical source assemblies. The optical signals may be coupled to the optical couplers via a light path etched in the chips, which may be refilled with silicon dioxide. The chips may be flip-chip bonded to a packaging substrate. Optical signals may be reflected back to the optical couplers via metal reflectors, which may be integrated in dielectric layers on the chips.

Abstract: There is provided a light-guide, compact collimating optical device, including a light-guide having a light-waves entrance surface, a light-waves exit surface and a plurality of external surfaces, a light-waves reflecting surface carried by the light-guide at one of the external surfaces, two retardation plates carried by light-guides on a portion of the external surfaces, a light-waves polarizing beamsplitter disposed at an angle to one of the light-waves entrance or exit surfaces, and a light-waves collimating component covering a portion of one of the retardation plates. A system including the optical device and a substrate, is also provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus may include an optical fiber that may have a surface non-normal to a longitudinal axis of a distal end portion of the optical fiber. The surface may define a portion of an interface configured to redirect electromagnetic radiation propagated from within the optical fiber and incident on the interface to a direction offset from the longitudinal axis. The apparatus may also include a doped silica cap that may be fused to the optical fiber such that the surface of the optical fiber may be disposed within a cavity defined by the doped silica cap.

Abstract: The invention is a method for structuring a flat substrate composed of glass material in the course of a viscous flow process. The glass flat substrate is joined to a surface of a flat substrate, which is preferably a semiconductor flat substrate, having at least one depression bounded by a circumferential edge located in the surface. In the course of a subsequent tempering process, glass material is changed to a viscous free-flowing state in which at least proportions of the free-flowing glass material of the flat substrate flow over the circumferential edge into the depression in the flat substrate.

Abstract: A system for measuring properties of a thin film coated glass having a light source, a spectrometer, at least one pair of probes, a first optical fiber switch and a second optical fiber switch. The pair of probes includes a first probe located on one side of a glass sheet and a second probe located on the opposite side of the glass sheet, directly across from the first probe. The first and second optical fiber switches are adapted to couple either probe to the light source and/or the spectrometer. Because the design of the system is optically symmetrical, calibration may be performed without the use of a reference material such as a tile or mirror. Each of the first and second probes has a first leg and a second leg that are separated from each other by a distance n so that angled reflections may be detected.

Abstract: An optical fiber coupler includes a clad optical fiber core having a coupling window formed therein. A laser source is joined to emit light into the core through the coupling window. The core has an output coupler for partially reflecting a portion of light and transmitting a portion as output. A Bragg grating is formed in the core having a pitch and being positioned to reflect light from said laser source toward the output coupler. The pitch is variable in response to a temperature change. A thermal control device is joined to the core for adjusting its temperature and the Bragg grating pitch. In other embodiments a mode convertor is provided to reduce the output modes to selected modes.

Abstract: A transceiver on a CMOS chip including optical and optoelectronic devices, and electronic circuitry may be operable to communicate optical signals between the CMOS chip and optical fibers coupled to the CMOS chip via a semiconductor laser and one or more photodetectors. The optical and optoelectronic devices may include waveguides, modulators, multiplexers, switches, and couplers. The photodetector may be integrated in the CMOS chip. The photodetector and the semiconductor laser may be mounted on the CMOS chip. The optical signals may be communicated out of and in to a top surface of the CMOS chip. A transceiver on a CMOS chip including optical and optoelectronic devices, and electronic circuitry, may be operable to communicate optical signals between the CMOS chip and optical fibers coupled to the CMOS chip via grating couplers. The optical signals may be communicated out of and in to a top surface of the CMOS chip.

Abstract: A transceiver comprising a plurality of CMOS chips may be operable to communicate an optical source signal from a semiconductor laser into a first CMOS chip via optical couplers. The optical source signal may be used to generate first optical signals that are transmitted from the first CMOS chip to optical fibers coupled to the first CMOS chip via one or more optical couplers. Second optical signals may be received from the optical fibers and converted to electrical signals via photodetectors in the first CMOS chip. The optical source signal may be communicated from the semiconductor laser into the first CMOS chip via optical fibers in to a top surface and the first optical signals may be communicated out of a top surface of the first CMOS chip. The electrical signals may be communicated to at least a second of the plurality of CMOS chips comprising electronic devices.