Abstract: The developing agent is selected to have a distribution of adhesive force to the surface of an image carrier, which is configured such that the ratio of the developing agent having an adhesive force which is not less than 2.5 times as high as an average value of a distribution of adhesive force is 3% by weight or less based on an entire weight of the developing agent.

Abstract: Provided is a toner wherein when a solid image formed by the toner is irradiated with incident light at an incident angle of ?45° using a goniophotometer, a ratio (A/B) of a reflectance A at a light-receiving angle of +30° to a reflectance B at a light-receiving angle of ?30° is about 2 or more and about 100 or less.

Abstract: A toner contains a binder resin and a polyalkylene, wherein the following formula is satisfied: 2?A/B?100 where A represents a reflectance at a light-receiving angle of +30° and B represents a reflectance at a light-receiving angle of ?30°, A and B being measured when a solid fixed image formed by the toner is irradiated with incident light at an incident angle of ?45° using a goniophotometer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes plural developing units separately containing a toner A and a toner B that satisfy relationships (1) and (2) and have similar colors. The toner A and the toner B each contain a binder resin containing a polyester about 90 mass % or more of the binder resin, and about 90 mass % of the binder resin of the toner A and about 90 mass % of the binder resin of the toner B are the same resin. The polyester contains an amorphous polyester having an alkyl side chain and a crystalline polyester. The relationship (1) is Ta (toner A)>Tb (toner B) in terms of flow tester ½ effluent temperature. The relationship (2) is Aa (toner A)>Ab (toner B) in terms of an amount of an aluminum (with reference to net intensity) measured with fluorescent X-ray.

Abstract: A toner comprising a colorant, a release agent, an amorphous polyester, and a crystalline polyester having an endothermic peak temperature of 60 to 80° C. and an endothermic quantity of 3.0 to 20.0 J/g. The endothermic peak temperature is determined from a constant rate component curve of the crystalline polyester obtained in a second heating of temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry. The endothermic quantity is determined from an area between the constant rate component curve and its base line drawn between 0 and 100° C., within a temperature range of 0 to 50° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure aims to provide a toner that is capable of keeping a photoreceptor drum in satisfactory condition for a long period of time and preventing the occurrence of pinholes on the photoreceptor drum, which plays a key role in forming images. The present disclosure provides an electrostatic charge image developing toner in which an external additive is added to toner base particles, wherein the external additive includes inorganic fine particles attached with conductive fine particles, and the conductive fine particles are attached to the inorganic fine particles with certain strength.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner including toner core particles each containing at least a first resin and a colorant, and fine resin particles formed of a second resin, wherein part of each of the fine resin particles is embedded in each of the toner core particles, and the remaining part of the fine resin particle is exposed on a surface of the toner core particle to form a protrusion, and wherein when a rate of the part of the fine resin particle to the fine resin particle is indicated by an embedment rate, an average of the embedment rates in the fine resin particles is 40% to 80%.

Abstract: A toner containing: a core containing at least a first binder resin, a colorant, and a releasing agent; and a shell containing at least a second binder resin; wherein the toner has a core-shell structure, and has a softening index of 86° C. to 95° C. and a thermal hardness of 0.7 to 1.8.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a developer carrying member which includes a substrate and the resin layer formed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the resin layer is obtained by thermally curing the coating material composition including at least the following (A) to (E): (A) a thermosetting resin as a binder resin; (B) an alcohol as a solvent, containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms; (C) a resin including the unit represented by the following formula (1); (D) graphitized carbon black having a graphite (002) lattice spacing of 0.3370 nm or more and 0.3450 nm or less as measured by X-ray diffraction; and (E) acid carbon black having a pH of 5.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a roll member that includes one or more controllable cells and methods for making and using the roll member to control an image (or toner) state thereon. The controllable cells can be disposed on a roll substrate and configured in a manner that each controllable cell can be addressed individually and/or as groups. Each controllable cell can be addressable to provide a surface vibration to release toner particles adhered/attracted thereto and can also be capable of sensing the toner state of the roll member and thus to control the image or toner state. In an exemplary embodiment, the disclosed roll member can be used as a donor roll for a development system of an electrophotographic printing machine to create controlled and desired toner powder cloud for high quality image development.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a roll member that includes one or more linear arrays of actuator cells and methods for making and using the roll member. In one embodiment, each linear array of the roll member can be controllably actuated as a group by, e.g., an oscillating voltage, to release toner particles adhered thereto and to form a uniform toner cloud in the development area between the roll member and an image receiving member. The controllable actuation can also aid in the unloading process of the residual toner particles from the roll member. In various embodiments, the uniform toner cloud and/or the controllable unloading process can enable a non-interactive development system for image-on-image full-color printing.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin containing at least one polyester resin comprising an inorganic tin (II) compound and an external additive including a particulate inorganic material having a volume average particle diameter greater than 70 nm and less than 300 nm. The binder resin preferably includes a polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 50,000 and another resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 200,000 to 400,000. A developer including the toner; and a developing device, an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge, which form toner images using the toner are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developer carrying member capable of maintaining excellent charge imparting property even under long-term use. The present invention relates to a developer carrying member including a substrate and a resin layer, wherein the resin layer includes an acrylic resin having three specific structural units and electroconductive particles.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a roll member that includes one or more piezoelectric tape and methods for making and using the roll member. The piezoelectric tape can be flexible and include a plurality of piezoelectric elements configured in a manner that the piezoelectric elements can be addressed individually or as groups with various numbers of elements in each group. In an exemplary embodiment, the disclosed roll member can be used as a donor roll for a development system of an electrophotographic printing machine to create controlled and desired toner powder cloud for high quality image development, such as an image on image development in a hybrid scavengeless development (HSD) system.

Abstract: A toner that includes toner base particles including a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner base particles have a surface roughness (Ra) of 18 nm to 50 nm and a standard deviation (RMS) of the surface roughness of 0.5 nm to 9.9 nm. A developer, a developing apparatus, a process cartridge, an image forming apparatus, and an image forming method can all use a developer including the toner.

Abstract: A toner, including a binder; a colorant; and a wax including a molecular chain constituted of only a C—H bond and a C—C bond, and having a melting point of from 50 to 78° C. and a melt viscosity of from 5 to 15 mPa·S at 140° C., wherein the toner has a weight reduction rate of from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight/min when measured by TGA (Thermogarvimetric Analysis) method in an atmosphere at 165° C. for 10 min.

Abstract: To provide a toner for an electrostatic image developer, including: a core particle obtained by dispersing, in an aqueous medium, an oil phase prepared by dissolving or dispersing at least a binder resin, a colorant and a release agent in an organic solvent; and a shell layer formed of vinyl resin fine particles present on a surface of the core particle, wherein the shell layer has protruding portions formed of the vinyl resin fine particles, and wherein the vinyl resin fine particles contain 80% by mass or more of an aromatic compound which has a vinyl-polymerizable functional group, and a vinyl resin which forms the vinyl resin fine particles has a weight average molecular weight of 8,000 to 16,000.

Abstract: A toner including an amorphous resin (R), a crystalline material (A) which is compatible with the amorphous resin (R) and has a melting point of 80° C. or lower, a resin (I) which is different from the amorphous resin (R), and a colorant, wherein the crystalline material (A) is capsulated by the resin (I) and the capsulated crystalline material (A) is present in the amorphous resin (R).

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, a process cartridge, and a developing unit includes a developer carrying member to carry developer, first and second rotary members arranged in parallel to each other and configured to rotate to agitate and convey the developer, and an enclosure having an inside space to contain the developer, the inside space being divided by a partition with communication openings formed therein at opposite ends thereof into a first chamber configured to maintain the developer above a first level and to hold the first rotary member therein which supplies the developer to the developer carrying member while agitating and conveying the developer, and a second chamber configured to communicate with the first chamber through the communication openings, to maintain the developer at a second level lower than the first level, and to hold the second rotary member therein which circulates the developer with the first chamber through the communication openings.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image development carrier includes magnetic core particles and a resin coating layer that contains titanium dioxide particles doped with niobium and coats each of the magnetic core particles.

Abstract: A carrier for developing an electrostatic charge image, including a core, and a coating layer including a resin and inorganic oxide particles that exhibit electroconductivity, by which the core is coated, wherein the inorganic oxide particles have, when they are aggregated, an aggregation size of or when they are not aggregated, a primary particle size of, from 230 nm to 970 nm.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes a mother particle which contains a coloring agent, a release agent and a binder resin; and an inorganic particle which is added to the surface of the mother particle, and wherein a relation between a relaxation time t and a relaxation modulus G(t) which are determined from the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement made on the toner satisfies the following equations (1) and (2); G(t1)<100 Pa??(1) 515<(G(t2)?G(t1))/(log(t1)?log(t2))<1,230??(2) wherein t1 represents the maximum relaxation time and t2 represents the minimum relaxation time.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner includes a binding resin and a release agent, wherein an organic silicon compound including a siloxane bond is present in a domain of the release agent.

Abstract: An electrophotographic developer is provided which includes: a toner that includes toner base particles and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner base particles and has an amount of Al on the surface of the toner base particles of from about 0.002 to about 0.02 atm %; and a carrier that includes magnetic particles and a coating resin layer that coats the magnetic particles, the coating resin layer including particles with a volume-average particle diameter of from about 80 to about 800 nm, such as organic particles or inorganic particles having an organic layer on a surface of the inorganic particles, the carrier satisfying any one of the following formulas, where SP1, SP2 and SP3 represent a solubility parameter of resin of the coating resin layer, the organic particles, and the organic layer respectively: about 10>|SP1?SP2|>about 4??(1); and about 10>|SP1?SP3|>about 4??(2).

Abstract: An electrostatic image-developing toner comprising a binder resin, wherein the content of all the chlorine-substituted benzene derivatives in the electrostatic image-developing toner is about 0.01 ppb or more and about 10 ppb or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a toner for developing an electrostatic image including toner particles having a shape factor SF1 of 110 or more and including a binder resin, and particles of an external additive that adhere to the toner particles, wherein the particles of the external additive including first particles, and second particles which are adhered to the first particles and have a primary particle size of 0.2 times to 0.5 times as large as that of the first particles, and in an image obtained by observing the particles of the external additive with a microscope, when the projection surface area of the first particle is defined as S1 and the total of the projection surface areas of the second particles which are not hidden by the first particle is defined as S2, S2 being from 0.1 times to 0.5 times as large as S1.

Abstract: A two-component developer includes: a toner; a carrier having a surface energy of from about 23 dyne/cm to about 37 dyne/cm; and an external additive having a shape factor SF1 of from about 130 to about 150 and a number-average particle diameter of from about 80 nm to about 1 ?m; and an existence ratio A of the external additive on a surface of the toner and an existence ratio B of the external additive on a surface of the carrier satisfying the relationship of the following Expression 1: 0.04?B/A?0.4.

Abstract: A toner is provided including a binder resin and a wax having primarily C—H and C—C bonds, and having a melting point of 50 to 90° C., wherein the wax is present in a surface portion of the toner in an amount of from 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, wherein the amount of the wax is determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR); and the use of the toner in an image forming method, image forming apparatus, developer and toner cartridge containing the toner.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a toner with a small difference of charging properties and an excellent cleaning property. The toner includes toner particles of cylindrical bodies.

Abstract: A carrier for electrostatic image development includes: a carrier body including a core and a resin coating layer on the core; and first spherical silica particles having a volume-average particle diameter of from 50 nm to 300 nm that adhere to the surface of the carrier body at a ratio of from 0.001 parts by weight to 0.100 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the carrier body.

Abstract: A method for preparing a toner including toner particles is provided. The toner preparation method includes preparing a toner component liquid including at least a binder resin, a colorant and an organic solvent; mixing a resin A having a solubility of less than 2.0 g/100 g in water having a pH of 3.0 at 25° C. while having a solubility of not less than 2.0 g/100 g, a basic material, and water to prepare an aqueous phase liquid, in which the resin A is dissolved; forming droplets of the toner component liquid in the aqueous phase liquid; and removing the organic solvent from the droplets of the toner component liquid to prepare the toner particles.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a fixing device to fix a toner image on a recording medium including a heat roller and an oil applicator to apply a silicone oil to the heat roller, having a system speed of from 500 to 1700 mm/sec, and using a toner including a binder resin including a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous polyester resin; a fatty acid amide compound; and a colorant, wherein a ratio (W/R) of a height (W) of a peak at a wavenumber of 1638 cm?1, specific to the fatty acid amide compound, to a height (R) of a peak at a wavenumber of 829 cm?1, specific to the amorphous polyester resin, is from 0.010 to 0.040 in an absorption spectrum obtained by an ATR method (total reflectance method) using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer.

Abstract: A developing device is provided that facilitates developing agent delivery upward. A cartridge includes a developing roller, a supply roller, and a container disposed below the supply roller. The container can have an upper portion formed with an opening having upper and lower edges. A conveying member can be rotatably disposed in and in rotational contact with an inner surface of the container for delivering the developing agent upward. The developing agent container can include a first wall portion for receiving developing agent through the opening. The first wall portion extends from the lower edge in a downstream direction with respect to a rotational direction of the conveying member toward a bottommost portion of the supply roller. The container also includes a second wall portion extending from the upper edge in an upstream direction. The conveying member can be in simultaneous sliding contact with the first and second wall portions.

Abstract: A particle supply apparatus for supplying particles to a supply destination is disclosed that includes a particle supply apparatus main frame, a particle accommodating unit that accommodates the particles, a gas spouting unit that is arranged at a bottom portion of the particle accommodating unit and is configured to spout gas toward the particles, and a conveying mechanism that applies suction to the particles accommodated in the particle accommodating unit and conveys the particles toward the supply destination. The particle accommodating unit is installed in the particle supply apparatus main frame and is arranged to rest on a face at the bottom portion side during operation, and the particle accommodating unit is detached from the particle supply apparatus main frame and is arranged to rest on a face other than the face at the bottom portion side during transportation.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development is disclosed. The toner for electrostatic latent image development includes toner particles, the toner particles includes a binder resin and a release agent, and the toner has a linear thermal expansion coefficient in accordance with JIS K 7197-1991 of from about 6×10?5/C.° to about 1×10?3/C.°. An electrostatic latent image developer, a toner cartridge, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a toner carrier roller rotatably mounted to a housing that stores toner rotates to convey toner to an opposed position facing a latent image carrier outside the housing. A plurality of convex sections are regularly arranged on a surface of the roller in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and in a circumferential direction orthogonal to the axial direction and parallel to a circumferential surface of the roller and a concave section surrounds the convex sections. A seal member abuts the surface of the roller moving from the outside toward the inside of the housing at a position downstream of the opposed position in a rotation direction of the roller to prevent toner leakage from inside the housing. The roller moves relative to the seal member in the axial direction.

Abstract: A white toner for electrostatic charge image development is disclosed. The white toner for electrostatic charge image development includes a binder resin, a first white pigment, a second white pigment, and a release agent, a specific gravity D1 of the first white pigment satisfying a condition of 3.5<D1<6.0, a specific gravity D2 of the second white pigment satisfying a condition of 0.3<D2<1.2, a total content of the first white pigment and the second white pigment being in the range of from about 20% by weight to about 50% by weight with respect to a total weight of the white toner for electrostatic charge image development, and the release agent including a metal salt.

Abstract: A development device includes a developing section to visualize a latent image formed on a latent image carrier with developer including toner and carrier. The development device has a developer supply opening and a developer collection opening, a circulation unit to transport the developer collected from the developer collection opening of the developing section to the developer supply opening of the developing section and including a developer container to store the developer collected from the developing section disposed upstream from the development section in a direction in which the developer is circulated, and a developer cooler to cool the developer contained in the developer container.

Abstract: A toner bearing member having an electroconductive substrate, an insulation layer formed on the electroconductive substrate, multiple electrodes spaced a constant distance apart therebetween, formed on the insulation layer, and a surface layer that covers the multiple electrodes, the surface layer comprising a polymerizable material comprising a structure unit represented by the following chemical structure 1 and at least one of cyclohexanone and cyclopentanone, where R1 and R2, each, independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, or form a cyclic hydrocarbon residual group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, R3 and R4, each, independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, and “a” and “b” represent integers of 1 or 2.

Abstract: A toner cartridge includes: a toner holding container having an outlet formed thereon; a partition wall separating the inside of toner holding container to a toner discharging portion in which the outlet is formed and a toner stirring portion other than the toner discharging portion; a toner discharging member axially and rotatably supported in the toner discharging portion for carrying the toner contained in the toner discharging portion to the outlet; a toner stirring member axially and rotatably supported in the toner stirring portion for stirring and carrying to the toner discharging portion the toner in the toner stirring portion; and an upper lid with a recess formed to surround, like a tunnel, the toner discharging member at a portion above the outlet, together with the partition wall and the toner holding container.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image contains at least one of an oxidation polymerizable monomer and a polymer having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and an oxidation polymerization catalyst in a form of a composite with inorganic particles, wherein a temperature T(10 Mpa) and a temperature T(1 Mpa) satisfies the following expression (1): 20° C.?T(1 MPa)?T(10 MPa)??(1) wherein, the temperature T(10 Mpa) is a temperature at which a viscosity of the toner under a pressure of 10 Mpa applied with a flow tester becomes 104 Pa·s, and the temperature T(1 Mpa) is a temperature at which a viscosity of the toner under a pressure of 1 Mpa applied with a flow tester becomes 104 Pa·s.

Abstract: A toner containing core particles each containing at least a resin A having a polyester skeleton and a colorant; and vinyl resin fine particles each of which encapsulates a resin B having at least a polyester skeleton and an endothermic peak measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at 40° C. to 110° C., wherein the vinyl resin fine particles are attached onto each of the core particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white toner for electrostatic image development, including a binder resin, a first white pigment and a second white pigment, the specific gravity D1 of the first white pigment satisfies the relationship of about 3.5<D1<about 6.0, and the specific gravity D2 of the second white pigment satisfies the relationship of about 0.3<D2<about 1.2.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A toner for use in developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The toner includes a colored particulate material including at least a binder resin and a colorant; and an external additive present on a surface of the colored particulate material and including a particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite. The particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite has an average aspect ratio of not less than 3 and less than 30.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus include an image bearing member, a developing container receiving a developer, a developer carrying member for carrying and conveying the developer, a developer feed member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, a detection device for detecting an amount of developer in the developing container by detecting an electrostatic capacitance between the developer carrying member and the developer feed member, and a control device for changing a rotational speed of the developer feed member into a plurality of speeds corresponding to the plurality of image forming speeds. The control unit controls the rotational speed of the developer feed member prior to the execution of a detection operation of the detection device so as to be faster than the slowest speed of said plurality of speeds.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for enzymatic polymerization to produce polyester resins suitable for use in manufacturing toners. In embodiments, crystalline copolymers, which are polyesters, may be synthesized from lactones, cyclic anhydrides, cyclic carbonates, and combinations thereof. These crystalline copolymers, in turn, may be utilized in the synthesis of toner particles.

Abstract: Provided are a toner and a method of preparing the same. The toner includes a binder resin, a coloring agent, and at least one additive, and a storage modulus curve of the toner with respect to temperature has multiple inflection points. The toner may be used in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

Abstract: The toner cartridge is provided with: a toner storing container of a rectangular shape having a toner feeding opening in an angular portion of the toner storing container; a stirring conveying member that is disposed so as to rotate in a predetermined rotation direction in the toner storing container and stirs and conveys toner in the toner storing container toward the toner feeding opening; a waste toner storing container that stores reclaimed toner; and a partition member that is held by the toner storing container, partitions between the toner storing container and the waste toner storing containers and has a bearing portion axially supporting a rotating shaft of the stirring conveying member and extending into inside of the waste toner storing container. The toner stored in the toner storing container has an average value of a shape factor (SF1) of about 130 or less.

Abstract: To provide a toner including: a resin particle (C) containing a first resin (a1), a second resin (a2), and a resin particle (B) to a surface of which the first resin (a1) and the second resin (a2) are attached, wherein the first resin (a1) and the second resin (a2) have mutually different glass transition temperatures, and wherein the resin particle (B) contains a third resin (b) having an amorphous polyhydroxycarboxylic acid skeleton.