Abstract: The present invention provides an induction-hardened hollow driving shaft that comprises, as a raw material, a steel pipe that contains, by mass %, 0.30 to 0.47% C, 0.5% or less Si, 0.3 to 2.0% Mn, 0.018% or less P, 0.015% or less S, 0.15 to 1.0% Cr, 0.001 to 0.05% Al, 0.005 to 0.05% Ti, 0.004% or less Ca, 0.01% or less N, 0.0005 to 0.005% B and 0.0050% or less O (oxygen) and the balance Fe and impurities and of which Beff defined by an equation (a) or (b) below is 0.0001 or more, wherein a prior austenite grain size number (JIS G0551) after the hardening is 9 or more. Here, in the case of Neff=N?14×Ti/47.9?0, Beff=B×10.8×(N?14×Ti/47.9)/14 . . . (a), and, in other cases, Beff=B . . . (b). According to the present invention, a hollow driving shaft that is simultaneously provided with excellent cold workability, hardenability, toughness and torsional fatigue strength and can exert stable fatigue lifetime can be obtained and can be widely utilized.

Abstract: The present invention provides spring steel used for spring steel wire achieving both high strength and cold coilability and spring steel wire, that is, spring steel containing, by mass %, C: 0.45 to 0.70%, Si: 1.0 to 3.0%, Mn: 0.05 to 2.0%, P: 0.015% or less, S: 0.015% or less, N: 0.0015 to 0.0200%, and t-O: 0.0002 to 0.01 and further limiting Al?0.01% and Ti?0.003%. Further, it is characterized by satisfying the following regarding the cementite-based spherical carbides present at an observed plane, an occupied area ratio of grains with a circle equivalent diameter of 0.2 ?m or more of 7% or less, a density of presence of grains with a circle equivalent diameter of 0.2 to 3 ?m of 1/?m2 or less, and a density of presence of grains with a circle equivalent diameter 3 ?m or more of 0.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a steel for high-speed cold working which exhibits good cold workability during working and also exhibits high hardness after working. The steel for high-speed cold working contains C: 0.03 to 0.6% (by mass), Si: 0.005 to 0.6%, Mn: 0.05 to 2%, P: no more than 0.05% (excluding 0%), S: no more than 0.05% (excluding 0%), and N: no more than 0.04% (excluding 0%), with the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities and the amount of dissolved nitrogen in the steel being no less than 0.006%.

Abstract: A steel plate has a C content between 0.05 to 0.18% by mass (hereinafter, content will be expressed simply in “%”), a Si content between 0.10 to 0.50%, a Mn content between 1.2 to 2.0%, an Al content between 0.01 to 0.10%, a Cr content between 0.05 to 0.30% and a V content between 0.01 to 0.05%, and meets a condition expressed by expression (1). 6.7[Cr]+4.5[Mn]+3.5[V]?7.2% ??(1) where [Cr], [Mn] and [V] represent a Cr content, a Mn content and a V content in percent by mass, respectively. The strength reduction of the steel sheet is small even if the steel sheet is subjected for a long time to a stress relief annealing process after being processed by welding. Cracks do not form in the steel plate when the steel plate is welded.

Abstract: A hot forged non-heat treated steel for induction hardening, comprising by mass percent, C: 0.35 to 0.45%, Si: 0.20 to 0.60%, Mn: 0.40 to 0.80%, S: 0.040 to 0.070%, Cr: 0.10 to 0.40%, Ti: 0.020 to 0.100%, Ca: 0.0005 to 0.0050%, B: 0.0005 to 0.0030%, O: 0.0015 to 0.0050%, Mo: 0 to 0.05%, P: 0.025% or less, V: 0.03% or less, Al: 0.009% or less and N: 0.0100% or less, and the balance being Fe and impurities, with Fn1=C+(Si/10)+(Mn/5)+(5Cr/22)+1.65V?(5/7S)+1.51×(Ti?3.4N)?0.63, Ca/O?1.0, and 25.9×Fn1+27.5×(Ti?3.4N)?7.9?5.7, has more excellence in the machinability than a conventional steel and also has fatigue strength equal to or more than that of a conventional steel, while using the steel product in a hot forged state as a starting material.

Abstract: Alloy compositions suitable for fabricating medical devices, such as stents, are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the compositions have small amounts of nickel, e.g., the compositions can be substantially free of nickel.

Abstract: A high speed tool steel, which is high in impact value and free from variations in tool performance, comprising, by mass %, of: 0.4?C?0.9; Si?1.0; Mn?1.0; 4?Cr?6; 1.5–6 in total of either or both of W and Mo in the form of (½W+Mo) wherein W?3; 0.5–3 in total of either or both of V and Nb in the form of (V+Nb); wherein carbides dispersed in the matrix of the tool steel have an average grain size of ?0.5 ?m and a dispersion density of particles of the carbides is of ?80×103 particles/mm2.

Abstract: A ferritic heat-resistant steel, which exhibits excellent creep characteristics even at a high temperature exceeding 600° C., comprises, on the basis of percent by weight, 1.0 to 13% of chromium, 0.1 to 8.0% of cobalt, 0.01 to 0.20% of nitrogen, 3.0% or less of nickel, 0.01 to 0.50% of one or more of elements selected from a group consisting of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, titanium, hafnium, and zirconium that are MX type precipitate forming elements, and 0.01% or less of carbon and a balance being substantially iron and inevitable impurities, wherein the MX type precipitates precipitate on grain boundaries and in entire grains and the grain boundary existing ratio of an M23C6 type precipitate precipitating on the grain boundaries is 50% or less.

Abstract: A welding method includes performing welding to form a weld metal consisting essentially of, in mass %, C: 0.01-0.15%, Si: 0.02-0.6%, Mn: 0.6-3.0%, Al: 0.004-0.08%, Ti: 0.003-0.03%, B: at most 0.005%, Cu: 0-1.2%, Ni: 0-3%, Cr: 0-1.2%, Mo: 0-2%, V: 0-0.05%, Nb: 0-0.05%, and a remainder of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The amounts of impurities are P: at most 0.03%, S: at most 0.03%, N: at most 0.01%, Ca or Mg: at most 0.005%. The value of Pcm expressed by the following Equation (3) is in the range of 0.23-0.35%, and the time T until the weld metal is cooled to 100° C. after welding satisfies the following Equation (1): T(seconds)?exp(7.0×Pw+4.66)??Equation (1) Pw=Pcm+HD/60??Equation (2) Pcm(mass %)=C+Si/30+Mn/20+Cu/20+Ni/60+Cr/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B??Equation (3) HD [ml/100 g]: amount of hydrogen in the weld metal immediately after welding.

Abstract: The invention concerns a steel article, which consists of an alloy having a chemical composition, which contains in weight-%: 1.2 to 2.5 C; 0.8 to 2.0 Si, which partly can be replaced by aluminium, which may exist in an amount of max 1.0%; 0.1 to 1.5 Mn; 0.5 to 1.5 Cr; 1.2 to 5.0 (V+Nb/2), however max 1.0 Nb; balance iron and impurities in normal amounts, and having a microstructure which contains 4 to 12 volume-% of MC-carbides. The steel article can be used for manufacturing of cold-work tools, particularly pilger rolls for cold rolling of tubes. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the article.

Abstract: A heat-resisting steel comprising 0.15-0.30 wt. % C, 0.05-0.3 wt. % Si, 0.01-0.7 wt. % Mn, 1.8-2.5 wt. % Cr, 0.15-0.23 wt. % V, 1.5-2.5 wt. % W, 0.01-0.02 wt. % Ti, 0.01-0.08 wt. % Nb, 0.005-0.03 wt. % N, 0.001-0.015 wt. % B, and Fe and unavoidable impurities as the remainder; a heat-resisting steel comprising 0.15-0.30 wt. % C, 0.05-0.3 wt. % Si, 0.01-0.7 wt. % Mn, 1.8-2.5 wt. % Cr, 0.15-0.23 wt. % V, 1.5-2.5 wt. % W, 0.3-0.8 wt. % Mo, 0.01-0.02 wt. % Ti, 0.01-0.08 wt. % Nb, 0.005-0.03 wt. % N, 0.001-0.015 wt. % B, and Fe and unavoidable impurities as the remainder; and a heat-resisting steel that is obtained by subjecting one of the above heat-resisting steels to a heat treatment comprising the step of oil-cooling the heat-resisting steel to a temperature of 300° C. or lower. These heat-resisting steels are excellent in both high-temperature strength and impact properties.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved low alloy high speed tool steel, which exhibits constant toughness with small dispersion of the properties after heat treatment and regardless of the size of the products. The steel consists essentially of, by weight %, C: 0.50-0.75%, Si: 0.02-2.00%, Mn: 0.1-3.0%, P: up to 0.050%, S: up to 0.010%, Cr: 5.0-6.0%, W: 0.5-2.0%, V: 0.70-1.25%, Al: up to 0.1%, 0: up to 0.01% and N: up to 0.04% and the balance of Fe. In the steel [Mo+0.5W](Mo-eq.) is 2.5-5.0%, [Mo-eq.]/V is 2-4. In the annealed state the steel contains carbides of [MC+M6C]-type and/or M23C6(M7C3)-type, and after quenching from a temperature of 1100-1200° C., it contains substantially no remainig carbide or, even contains, almost all the carbides are of MC-type.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant chromium steel for architectural and civil engineering structural elements, includes 0.0015 to 0.02 mass percent C, 0.0015 to 0.02 mass percent N, 0.1 to 1.0 mass percent Si, 0.1 to 3.0 mass percent Mn, more than 5 mass percent to less than 10 mass percent Cr, 0.01 to 3.0 mass percent Ni, 0.1 mass percent or less of Al, 0.05 mass percent or less of P, 0.03 mass percent or less of S, 0.01 to 1.0 mass percent Co, and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. The steel has high long-term corrosion resistance and high weld-zone toughness. Preferably, the steel further includes 0.01 to 0.5 mass percent V and 0.001 to 0.05 mass percent W, the Cr content is in the range of more than 5 mass percent to less than 8 mass percent, and the Cr, V, and W contents are within a specified ratio.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corrosion resistant steel suitable for the material of printer shafts. The steel has good machinability, corrosion resistance sufficient for ordinary indoor use without plating the product surfaces, and improved straightness after wire drawing and cold workability, and further, is less expensive. Alloy composition is, by weight percent, C: 0.005-0.200%, Si: up to 1.0%, Mn: up to 2.0%, P: up to 0.05%, Cu: up to 2.0%, Ni: up to 2.0%, Cr: 2.0-9.0%, one or both of Ti and Zr: [Ti%]+0.52[Zr%]=0.03-1.20%, one or both of S: 0.01-0.50% and Se:0.01-0.40%, N: up to 0.050% and O: up to 0.030%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, with the conditions of [S%]≧32[C%]/12, and 0<L ≦0.5, wherein L=4[C%]/([Ti%]+0.52[Zr%]). The inclusions therein are, Ti-based, Zr-based, or Ti—Zr-based compound or compounds containing C and one or both of S and Se.

Abstract: A non-heat treated crankshaft which comprises, in % by mass, C: 0.30 to 0.35%, Si: 0.40 to 0.80%, Mn: 1.00 to 2.00%, S: 0.040 to 0.080%, Cr: 0.10 to 0.30% and V: 0.05 to 0.20%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and of which microstructure is a ferrite-pearlite microstructure whose ferrite fraction &agr; is 0.20 to 0.60 and average pearlite grain size Dp is 0.08 mm or less, and the value of Fn1 defined by the equation (1) being 0.73 or more, the value of Fn2 defined by the equation (2) being 1.20 or more and the value of Fn3 defined by the equation (3) being 0.64 or more, having excellent strength, low temperature toughness and wear resistance, so it can be applied to engines for working machine and general-purpose engines: Fn1=C+0.10Si+0.20Mn−0.71S+0.23Cr+1.65V  (1), Fn2=1.4−1.1×(1−&agr;)+0.16 Dp−½  (2), Fn3=(1−&agr;)+&agr;×(0.3Si+0.

Abstract: A method of producing cold rolled and annealed dual phase high strength steel sheets, and sheets produced by the method, including hot dip galvanized and galvannealed steel sheets having a tensile strength of at least about 750 MPa and a superior balance of strength and ductility using conventional thermomechanical processing parameters robust to the processing conditions. The synergistic effect on hardenability of Cr and V, within a controlled range, facilitates production using robust processing conditions, enabling production of a high strength product having a very low yield ratio.

Abstract: An alloy and article of manufacture including parts of glass container manufacturing apparatus such as a mold and plunger having a composition which consists of Carbon 0.1 to 0.5%, preferably 0.2 to 0.3% Silicon 0 to 2% preferably 0.5 to 1.5% Manganese 0 to 2% preferably 0.4 to 1.5% Sulphur 0.02 to 0.05% (an incidental element) Phosphorus 0.02 to 0.05% (an incidental element) Nickel 0 to 3% preferably 1.0 to 1.5% Chromium 5 to 35% preferably 15 to 20% Molybdenum 0 to 5% preferably 0.1 to 0.3% Copper 0 to 3% preferably 0.2 to 1% Boron 0.5 to 3.5% preferably 1.8 to 2.2%. The alloy and the articles of manufacture have having excellent high temperature characteristics and substantial hardenability.

Abstract: An iron-based casting alloy and a process for making the alloy are provided by combining an iron-carbon-chromium system with primary carbides of vanadium, niobium, titanium, or combinations thereof without any eutectic carbides of vanadium, niobium and titanium. Eutectic chromium carbides (M7C3) are also formed without any primary chromium carbides. Proeutectic austenite can also be formed in the alloy.

Abstract: The addition of small amounts of CeO2 and Cr to intermetallic compositions of NiAl and FeAl improves ductility, thermal stability, thermal shock resistance, and resistance to oxidation, sulphidization and carburization.

Abstract: There is provided a steel sheet which can simultaneously achieves the following objects: high strength is obtained by quenching with reliability; and excellent ductility is ensured, and further which is excellent in corrosion resistance, plating properties, and spot weldability. The steel sheet is so configured as to satisfy the following composition requirements: on a mass basis, C: 0.11 to 0.22%, Mn: 0.1 to less than 0.5%, Cr and/or Mo: a total amount of 0.1 to 0.5%, and B: 0.0005 to 0.005%, where C: the content of C (% by mass), Cr: the content of Cr (% by mass), and Mo: the content of Mo (% by mass), wherein T≧0.19 where T=C+(Cr+Mo)/5.

Abstract: A Fe-Cr soft magnetic material has electric resistivity not less than 50 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm and a metallurgical structure occupied by a ferrite phase at a surface ratio of 95% or more. A number of fine precipitates of 1 &mgr;m or less in particle size is controlled at a ratio not more than 6×105/mm2. The Fe-Cr alloy has the composition (expressed in mass or weight %) of C up to 0.05%, N up to 0.05%, Si up to 3.0%, Mn up to 1.0%, P up to 0.04%, S up to 1.0%, 5.0-20.0% Cr, Al up to 4.0%, 0-3% Mo, 0-0.5% Ti and the balance being essentially Fe under the conditions of (1) and (2). The Fe-Cr soft magnetic material is useful as a core, a yoke or the like installed in various types of magnetic sensors such as electric power steering, fuel injection systems for vehicles and A.C. magnetic circuits of solenoid valves, due to production of high magnetic induction in a high-frequency low-magnetic field: 4.3×%Cr+19.1×%Si+15.1×%Al+2.5×%Mo≧40.

Abstract: A steel for forming a high strength steel sheet contains, in mass %, C: at most 0.04%, Si: at most 0.4%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, P: at most 0.15%, S: at most 0.03%, Al: at most 0.50%, N: at most 0.01%, and Mo: 0.01-1.0%. Steel sheet formed from the steel is suitable for use as automotive panels.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-heat treated steel for hot forging, particularly suitable for producing connecting rods of automobile engines. The steel consists essentially of; by weight, C: 0.3-0.8%, Si: 0.1-2.0%, Mn: 0.3-1.5%, P: 0.01-0.15%, Cr: 0-1.0%, V: 0-0.4%, Al: 0-0.05%, N: 0.005-0.03% and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, provided that the contents of C, Mn and Cr fulfill the following condition: 1.40[C %]+0.28[Mn %1]+0.50[Cr %]≧0.75 Pearlite area fraction in this steel after hot forging is 50% or more. Notches are provided with laser beam on an intermediate part at the location from which fracture starts, and load is applied. Then, the intermediate is split to be two components (big end or cap and small end/rod for connecting rod). The components are adhered to form the parts.

Abstract: An alloy for golf club head include by weight 25 to 31 wt % manganese, 6.3 to 7.8 wt % aluminum, 0.65 to 0.85 wt % carbon and 5.5 to 9.0 wt % chromium, and the balance being iron. Additions of 0.8 to 1.5 wt % silicon, 2.0 to 5.0 wt % titanium, or 0.5 to 1.0 wt % molybdenum are optionally included in the alloy. Due to the chromium, titanium and molybdenum, the alloy has a good resistance to corrosion, a good finished surface quality after being forged at a temperature from 800° C. to 1050° C. A combination of high ductility and high tensile strength is achieved after the alloy has been treated at a temperature from 980° C. to 1080° C. for 1 to 24 hours.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corrosion resistant steel having good machinability with sufficient corrosion resistance in the ordinary indoor circumstances and suitable for manufacturing shafts of various small motors and OA-machines. The steel comprises, by weight %, C: 0.005-0.200%, P: up to 0.05%, Cu: up to 2.0%, Ni: up to 2.0%, Cr: 2.0-9.0%, one or both of Ti and Zr: in such an amount as [Ti%]+0.52[Zr%]: 0.03-1.20%, one or both of S: 0.01-0.50% and Se: 0.01-0.40%, N: up to 0.050% and O: up to 0.030%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities. The steel is characterized by the inclusion therein, which are Ti-based, Zr-based or Ti—Zr-based compound or compounds containing C and one or both of S and Se.

Abstract: There are disclosed a piston ring material and a piston ring both having such superior properties contradictory each other as the sliding property required in a piston ring and the mechanical properties of a steel wire material subjected to a manufacture process. The piston ring material or the piston ring consists essentially, by mass, of not less than 0.3% but less than 0.8% C, 0.1 to 3.0% Si, 0.1 to 3.0% Mn, 0.03 to 0.3% S, 0.3 to 6.0% Cr, preferably 3.0 to 6.0% or 0.3 to 1.0% Cr, 0 to 3.0% Cu, and the balance Fe, and the distribution state of sulfide inclusions with a maximum diameter/minimum size≧3 observed on structure parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the formed piston ring is such that an intersecting angle made between straight lines passing the maximum size of two of the sulfide inclusions is not more than 30 degrees. Further, the area ratio of nonmetallic inclusions occupying the structure is 2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel wire rod for hard-drawn springs capable of exhibiting fatigue strength and sag resistance equivalent to or higher than springs made of an oil-tempered wire. The steel wire rod contains carbon in a range from 0.5 to less than 0.7 mass %, silicon in a range from 1.4 to 2.5 mass %, manganese in a range from 0.5 to 1.5 mass %, chromium in a range from 0.05 to 2.0 mass %, and vanadium in a range from 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: A method of casting non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium, or zinc alloys uses casting components made from a tool steel comprising effective amounts of carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium, optional amounts of cobalt and increased level of molybdenum. Using the tool steel as a casting component, particularly as a mold, provides improvements in corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, softening resistance, degradation resistance and deformation resistance. The tool steel casting component has a chromium oxide layer which is formed, in one mode, during the casting operation, to enhance the life and durability of the casting component and improve its casting performance.

Abstract: An oxidation-resistant coating is described, formed of an alloy containing: about 40 to about 50 atom % aluminum and about 0.5 atom % to about 3 atom % tantalum; with a balance of nickel; cobalt, iron, or combinations thereof. The coating may also include chromium and a precious metal, as well as other components, such as zirconium or molybdenum. A method for applying the oxidation-resistant coating to a substrate is also described. The substrate can be formed of superalloy material, e.g., a turbine engine component. Related articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: Steels having a pearlitic structure and containing 0.60 to 1.0 weight percent carbon, 1.1 to 3.0 weight percent silicon, 0.45 to 0.85 weight percent manganese, less than 0.050 weight percent sulfur and less than 0.050 weight percent phosphorus, with the remainder of said steel being iron and incidental impurities, can be used to make railway wheels that are resistant to martensite transformations and, hence, spalling. The addition of 0.50 to 1.0 weight percent chromium to such steels further improves their resistance to spalling.

Abstract: A steel alloy, particularly adapted for the manufacture of railway wheels is provided. Such alloy comprises essentially, in weight percentage, carbon 0.67-0.77, manganese 0.70-0.85, silicon 0.65-0.85, phosphorus less than 0.025, sulfur less than 0.025, chromium 0.18-0.25, molybdenum 0.08-0.12, with the balance essentially iron.

Abstract: A composition and method for reducing cost and improving the mechanical properties of alloy steels. The invention resides in the ability of certain combinations of carbon-subgroup surfactants and d-transition metals to modify and control diffusion mechanisms of interstitial elements; to reduce or prevent the formation of non-equilibrium segregations of harmful admixtures and brittle phases on free metal surfaces and grain and phase boundaries; and to alter and control phase transformation kinetics in steel during heating and cooling.

Abstract: A composition and method for reducing cost and improving the mechanical properties of alloy steels. The invention resides in the ability of certain combinations of carbon-subgroup surfactants and d-transition metals to modify and control diffusion mechanisms of interstitial elements; to reduce or prevent the formation of non-equilibrium segregations of harmful admixtures and brittle phases on free metal surfaces and grain and phase boundaries; and to alter and control phase transformation kinetics in steel during heating and cooling.

Abstract: This invention provides a boiler steel pipe that exhibits a high creep rupture strength on a high-temperature high-pressure side and is excellent in electric weldability, and an electric welded boiler steel pipe having fewer defects at an electric welded portion. The boiler steel contains, in terms of wt %, C: 0.01 to 0.20%, Si: 0.01 to 1.0% and Mn: 0.10 to 2.0%, contains further Cr: 0.5 to 3.5%, and limits p≦0.030%, S≦0.010% and 0≦0.20%, wherein a weight ratio of (Si %)/(Mn %) or (Si %)/(Mn %+Cr %) is from 0.005 to 1.5, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the melting point of the mixed oxide of SiO2 and MnO, or SiO2, MnO and Cr2O3, is not higher than 1,600° C. The oxide that would otherwise result in the defects of the electric welded portion is molten and squeezed out as slag components.

Abstract: Steel for the manufacture of a component for bearings, the chemical composition of which comprises, by weight: 0.6%≦C≦1.5%; 0.4%≦Mn≦1.5%; 0.75%≦Si≦2.5%, 0.2%≦Cr≦2%; 0%≦Ni≦0.5%; 0%≦Mo≦0.2%; 0%≦Al≦0.05%; S≦0.04%; the balance being iron and impurities resulting from smelting and the composition furthermore satisfying the relationships: Mn≦0.75+0.55×Si and Mn≦2.5−0.8×Si. Process for the manufacture of a bearing component.

Abstract: This invention relates to a large-diameter, thick-wall martensitic stainless steel welded pipe. For this welded pipe, the size of the raised weld bead portion on the inside surface is restricted to be small based on a conditional formula derived by considering the bead width and height and the yield strength of the base metal and of the weld metal. As a result, the base metal portion and pipe inside surface seam portion of this welded pipe are superior in corrosion resistance, in particular stress corrosion cracking resistance (SCC resistance). The sulfide stress corrosion resistance (sour gas resistance) and carbon dioxide corrosion resistance can be further improved by selecting the chemical compositions. This welded pipe is very well suited for use as a pipe for a pipeline for conveying a crude oil and a natural gas with no dehydration treatment, which is highly corrosive to metals.

Abstract: A pearlitic steel railroad rail which comprises 0.75 to 0.84% C, 0.10 to 1.0% Si, 0.4 to 2.5% Mn, 0.035% or less P, 0.035% or less S, and 0.05 to 0.6% Nb, by weight. This rail has better wear resistance than the heretofore used pearlitic steel rail and sufficient ductility so cracks do not appear due to thermal dilation and contraction caused by a change of temperature. The rail is consequently very suitable for the use in a mine railroad.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength, high damage-resistant rail consisting essentially of 0.6 to 0.85 wt % of C, 0.1 to 1.0 wt % of Si, 0.5 to 1.5 wt % of Mn, 0.035 wt % or less of P, 0.040 wt % or less of S, and 0.

Abstract: Electromagnetic steel sheets which contain Cr in an amount of from about 1.5 to 20% by weight and Si in an amount of from about 2.5 to 10% by weight, while having a total amount of C and N of not larger than about 100 ppm by weight, and which has a specific resistivity of not smaller than about 60 &mgr;&OHgr;·cm.

Abstract: Heat resisting steel containing a ferrite or tempered martensite structure, in which intermetallic compound phases having a L10 or L12 ordered structure are uniformly precipitated in ferrite or tempered martensite grains.

Abstract: Hot-rolled steel sheet which then can be cold-rolled, coated, the steel in the sheet having the following composition by weight: 0.15%<carbon<0.5% 0.5%<manganese<3% 0.1%<silicon<0.5% 0.01%<chromium<1% titanium<0.2% aluminum<0.1% phosphorus<0.1% sulfur<0.05% 0.0005%<boron<0.08%, the remainder being iron and impurities inherent in processing, the sheet ensuring a very high mechanical resistance after thermal treatment and the aluminum-based coating ensuring a high resistance to corrosion.

Abstract: A high-energy weldable soft magnetic steel with high toughness in the heat-affected zone of weld joints, high specific electric resistance to reduce eddy currents, aging resistance and weathering resistance comprises 0.65 to <1.0% chromium, >1.0 to 2.0% silicon, 0.25 to 0.55% copper, 0.003 to 0.008% nitrogen, 0.15 to <0.6% manganese, 0.02 to 0.07% aluminumsolu., 0.01 to 0.02% titanium, 0 to 0.15% carbon, 0 to 0.045% phosphorus, the balance iron and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: An inner ring 3 of the rolling bearing is formed by a steel material having the following composition. This steel material contains as alloying constituents C, Si, Mn and Cr in an amount of from 0.65 to 1.20% by weight, from 0.10 to 0.70% by weight, from 0.20 to 1.20% by weight and from 0.20 to 1.80% by weight, respectively, and has an oxygen content of not more than 16 ppm. The content of retained austenite left after heat treatment is from 0 to 6% by volume and the surface hardness HRC of the bearing surface is from not less than 57 to not more than 65. Accordingly, it is possible to drastically prolong the lifetime of a rolling bearing operating under high vibration and load such as bearing for alternator.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a corrosion resistant steel excellent in strength and low temperature toughness as well as resistance to corrosion by carbon dioxide and seawater, and most suitable for oil well steel pipes and line pipes for production and transportation of gas, petroleum, etc. used in the field of energy, or a steel for plants, and corrosion resistant oil well steel pipes. The corrosion resistant steel and the corrosion resistant oil well steel pipes comprise, based on weight, up to 0.30% of C, up to 1.0% of Si, 0.2 to 2.0% of Mn, 2.1 to less than 5.0% of Cr, up to 0.03% of P, up to 0.02% of S, up to 0.10% of Al, up to 0.015% of N, optionally containing Cu, Ni, Mo, Ti, Nb and B, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and have a martensitic structure as their metallic structure.

Abstract: A method of making a weathering grade steel plate includes the steps of casting, hot rolling, and accelerated cooling using a modified weathering grade alloy composition. The composition employs effective levels of manganese, carbon, niobium, molybdenum, nitrogen, and titanium. After the casting, the slab or ingot is heated and rough rolled to an intermediate gauge plate. The intermediate gauge plate is controlled finish temperature rolled and subjected to accelerated cooling. With the controlled alloy chemistry, rolling and cooling, the final gauge plate exhibits continuous yielding and can be used for applications requiring a 70 KSI minimum yield strength, a 90-110 KSI tensile strength, and a Charpy V-notch toughness greater than 35 ft-lbs. at −10° F. in plates up to 4.0″ thick.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steel wire rod or bar which exhibits good cold deformability even though it does not undergo spheroidizing annealing after hot rolling. The steel wire rod or bar with good cold deformability is characterized in that its ferrite structure contains no less than 25 nitride and carbide particles in a mixed state or composite state per 25 &mgr;m on average in a sectional area three-fourths of the diameter within the circumference of the rod or bar. Such nitride and carbide precipitates contribute to the reduction of flow stress at temperatures raised by heat generation at the time of cold deforming.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, a piston ring for use in internal combustion engines is provided that is made of matensite-based stainless steel material containing C of not less than 0.4 and not more than 0.8 weight percent, Si of not less than 0.16 and not more than 0.4 weight percent, Mn of not less than 0.1 and not more than 0.4 weight percent, and Cr of not less than 2.0 and not more than 11.0 weight percent, where the steel material of the piston ring has mainly chromium carbide precipitated in the base texture thereof. The steel material of the first compression ring then has a nitriding layer formed thereon. According to another aspect of the present invention, a combination of compression rings, including a first compression ring 1 and a second compression ring 2, for use in internal combustion engines, is provided. The first compression ring 1 is made of martensite-based stainless steel material containing C of not less than 0.16 and not more than 1.

Abstract: A cold rolled steel sheet having high strength and high formability and having excellent crushing performance can include 0.05-0.40 mass % of C, 1.0-3.0 mass % of Si, 0.6-3.0 mass % of Mn, 0.02-1.5 mass % of Cr, 0.010-0.20 mass % of P and 0.01-0.3 mass % of Al, with the remainder consisting essentially of Fe. The steel sheet includes a ferrite major phase and a minor phase consisting of martensite, acicular ferrite and retained austenite. The cold rolled steel sheet can be used in automobiles.

Abstract: A composition and method for reducing cost and improving the mechanical properties of alloy steels. The invention resides in the ability of certain combinations of carbon-subgroup surfactants and d-transition metals to modify and control diffusion mechanisms of interstitial elements; to reduce or prevent the formation of non-equilibrium segregations of harmful admixtures and brittle phases on free metal surfaces and grain and phase boundaries; and to alter and control phase transformation kinetics in steel during heating and cooling.

Abstract: A method of making a weathering grade steel plate includes the steps of establishing a minimum yield strength:plate thickness target from one of 50 KSI:up to 4″, 65 KSI:up to 1.5″, and 70 KSI:up to 1.25″. A modified weathering grade alloy composition is cast into a slab employing effective levels of manganese, carbon, niobium, vanadium, nitrogen, and titanium. The cast slab is heated and rough rolled to an intermediate gauge plate. The intermediate gauge plate is controlled rolled and subjected to one of air cooling or accelerated cooling depending on the minimum yield strength and thickness target. With the controlled alloy chemistry, rolling and cooling, the final gauge plate exhibits discontinuous yielding and can be used for applications requiring a 70 KSI minimum yield strength in plate thicknesses up to 1.25″, a 65 KSI minimum yield strength in plate thickness up to 1.50″ and a 50 KSI minimum yield strength for plates as thick as 4″.