Abstract: The systems and methods of fuel vapor recovery and use comprise a cryogenic condensation module and a fuel tank of a service station. The cryogenic condensation module comprises a cryogenic vaporizer that lowers the temperature of fuel vapors via condensation. The cryogenic condensation module also comprises a processing element that processes the fuel vapors that have not been condensed via the cryogenic vaporizer. The fuel tank is connected to the cryogenic condensation module by a ventilation pipe and a return pipe. The ventilation pipe is capable of displacing the fuel vapors to the cryogenic condensation module. The return pipe is capable of returning condensed fuel vapors to the fuel tank.

Abstract: The system of fuel vapor recovery and use comprises a condensation module (10) that can connect to a fuel tank (2) of a service station by means of ventilation pipe (1), through which the fuel vapors are displaced to the cryogenic condensation module (10), wherein they are condensed, further comprising the cryogenic condensation module (10) and a return pipe (18) for the condensed vapors to the fuel tank (2), wherein that said cryogenic condensation module (10) comprises a cryogenic vaporizer (11) that lowers the temperature of the vapors by condensing them and a processing element (22) that processes the vapors that have not been condensed in said cryogenic vaporizer (11).

Abstract: A process for passivation of surfaces of heat exchange apparatus exposed to a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, includes the steps of: (i) adding arsine to the synthesis gas to provide a total As concentration in the synthesis gas in range 0.001 to 10 ppmv, (ii) exposing the mixture of hot synthesis gas and arsine to the shell-side surfaces of said heat exchange apparatus to reduce the interaction between the carbon monoxide present in said gas and metals in said surfaces, (iii) recovering a cooled synthesis gas from the shell-side of said apparatus, and (iv) passing the cooled synthesis gas, optionally after further cooling, through a sorbent bed to remove arsenic compounds from the synthesis gas.

Abstract: A method for operating a calorimeter and a calorimeter that is operable to perform the method, wherein the calorimeter has a reactor (1) for receiving a reaction medium, a reactor jacket (2), an in-reactor heater (4) controlled by means of a first controller (6), an outer temperature control unit (9) in thermal contact with the reactor and controlled by a second controller (10), and a measurement sensor (5) arranged in the reactor for determining a reactor temperature (Tr). The reactor temperature is controlled by the heat which is delivered to the reactor by the in-reactor heater and by the heat that is carried in and/or out by the outer temperature control unit. A dynamic control of the heating power of the in-reactor heater and of the outer temperature control unit is used to eliminate any deviation of the reactor temperature from a reactor set-point temperature.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to corrosion management systems designed to deliver corrosion protection and/or the management of corrosion to a top portion of an enclosure (e.g., storage tanks, cisterns, containers, etc.). In one embodiment, the present invention relates to corrosion management systems designed to deliver corrosion protection and/or the management of corrosion to a top portion, or roof portion, of an enclosure where such a system includes one or more dispensers designed to deliver at least one corrosion inhibitor to a system designed to protect a top portion of an enclosure (e.g., storage tanks, cisterns, containers, etc.).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure, and to method for using same. More specifically, the present invention relates to portable, mobile, self-contained and/or discrete systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to portable systems designed to deliver one or more corrosion inhibiting compounds to an enclosure while simultaneously dehumidifying, purging and/or recycling the interior atmosphere of such an enclosure, and to methods for using same. Another aspect of the present invention is that the recycled atmosphere of the enclosure can be passed through an absorbent that removes and/or collects the volatilized metal corrosion inhibitor compound.

Abstract: A fluid separation method for performing fluid analysis of an unfiltered fluid. The fluid separation method includes providing a structure with a fluid analyzer and a power supply. Using a substrate for receiving a fluid flow stream of a multiphase mixture through a fluid sample inlet, wherein the substrate interconnects with the structure. Providing a membrane disposed across the fluid sample inlet for separating a fluid of interest from the multiphase mixture, wherein the fluid flow stream of the multiphase mixture has a shear rate that prevents a fouling of the membrane. Finally, the fluid separation method includes the substrate having fabricated channels, such that the fabricated channels are arranged substantially tangent to the fluid stream downstream of the porous membrane.

Abstract: By a method and a device for preventing corrosion on and in the region of a gas inlet nozzle during nitric acid condensation, contact of the condensing gas with the nozzle and with the surroundings of the nozzle are supposed to be minimized. This is achieved in that the gas inlet nozzle has a sleeve on the inside in the transition region to the interior of the condenser, by which sleeve a gas inlet orifice in the form of an annular gap is formed, whereby the annular space is provided with at least one feed opening for secondary air, so that an enveloping flow of secondary air is produced around the entering NO gas.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing corrosion in a turbomachine. The method may include providing a process gas to a condenser, wherein the process gas contains a condensate having a pH level that is acidic. The condenser may be configured to remove at least a portion of the condensate from the process gas. Any condensate that is not removed is a remaining condensate. The method may further include increasing the pH level of the remaining condensate to above about 4 by mixing the process gas and the remaining condensate with an amount of pH modifier to form a mixture, and directing the mixture to a compressor coupled to the condenser, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the mixture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for extending a shelf life of vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin during transportation or general storage. The method includes the step of enhancing an oxygen content of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin, such that the self-polymerization reaction of reactive functional groups having carbon-carbon unsaturated double bonds of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin can be minimized, so as to slow down occurrence of a gelation phenomenon of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin in a long-time transportation or storage, and further to decrease a monetary loss.

Abstract: By a method and a device for preventing corrosion on and in the region of a gas inlet nozzle during nitric acid condensation, contact of the condensing gas with the nozzle and with the surroundings of the nozzle are supposed to be minimized. This is achieved in that the gas inlet nozzle has a sleeve on the inside in the transition region to the interior of the condenser, by which sleeve a gas inlet orifice in the form of an annular gap is formed, whereby the annular space is provided with at least one feed opening for secondary air, so that an enveloping flow of secondary air is produced around the entering NO gas.

Abstract: A roof support for an underground mine which has a hydraulic cylinder positioned between a roof engaging support and a ground engaging base and has a flexible gas barrier or enclosure surrounding surfaces of said hydraulic cylinder which are subject to corrosion by gases present in the underground mine. Continuous flowing non-corrosive gas such as nitrogen is supplied to a space between the gas barrier and the hydraulic cylinder for preventing corrosion of cylinder surfaces by corrosive gases present in the mine which may include hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for prevention of corrosion with the cooling system of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pressurized inert gas source and a fluid delivery system whereby the gas is dispersed within the cooling system to expel corrosion inducing fluids such as oxygen and water vapor. Methods of use are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating objects, in particular cytological or histological specimens, having multiple processing stations and a transport device for delivering the objects into and out of the processing stations, is characterized in that at least one running-water station (1), having an inflow (2) and an outflow (3), is provided as a processing station.

Abstract: The invention provides for improvements in composition and methods for the preservation of cellulosic materials through use of solutions comprising organic multi-valent metal carbonates, C1-C4 alcohol having a moisture content of less than 100 ppm, and 86-99 weight percent of a solvent having a moisture content of less than 100 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a corrosion protection system and a method of protecting an article from corrosion by placing the article to be protected in a gas impermeable enclosure comprising at least one shell that is adapted to maintain an internal pressure greater than an external pressure outside of the corrosion protection system, placing at least one corrosion preventing device selected from a desiccant, a corrosion inhibitor, an inert gas, or a combination thereof, and sealing the gas impermeable enclosure of the corrosion protection system.

Abstract: The invention concerns combinations of substances with (1) an aromatic mercaptothiazole or triazole, (2) a multiple substituted phenol insoluble in water, (3) L ascorbic acid or one of its salts and possibly (4) a suitable carboxylic acid/salt pair that after sublimation and condensation on metal surfaces can stabilize the pH value of a condensed water film in the range 4.8≦pH≦6.5 (referred to 25° C.), and use of the combinations of substances as vapor-phase corrosion inhibitors in packaging or for storage in closed spaces for protecting preferably metals that cannot be passivated, like copper, silver, manganese, magnesium and their alloys, against atmospheric corrosion.

Abstract: Substance combinations which contain (1) an inorganic salt of nitrous acid, (2) a water-insoluble polysubstituted phenol, (3) an aliphatic ester of a dihydroxybenzoic acid, and (4) a tocopherol plus optionally (5) a suitable water vapor-volatile bicyclic terpene or an aliphatically substituted naphthalene which promotes sublimation of the components present in the respective substance combination, especially in air at a relatively high atmospheric humidity, and the use of such substance combinations as vapor phase corrosion inhibitors in packaging or in storage in closed spaces for protection of the conventional metals for use such as iron, chromium, nickel, tin, zinc, aluminum, copper and their alloys against atmospheric corrosion are described.

Abstract: A method of preserving two or more separately packaged agents for forming a silicone composition which can be cured by mixing the separately packaged agents, which method can reduce the number of air bubbles contained in a cured product of the silicone composition and prevent a reduction in the strength of the cured product. The method of preserving the composition is characterized by keeping each packaged agent of the curable silicone composition under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A method for preventing corrosion and particulate in a load-lock chamber is disclosed. The load-lock chamber is adjourning with an etching chamber and a wafer transferred module, each time a wafer in the cassette is transferred into the etching chamber for etching by a transfer arm. After that, the etched wafer is withdrawn by the same way to the cassette. The load-lock chamber comprising an outlet of N2-purge tube therein for venting the vacuum in the load-lock chamber to the surrounding. The method comprising at least a step of coupling heating means to the N2-purge tube, or heating N2 gases before injecting into the N2-purge tube so that the temperature of the N2-purge tube will at least not lower than the temperature of an environment within the load-lock chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of power engineering.The method for protecting power plants, in which hydrogen is used as the working fluid, against destruction is carried out by reducing the diffusion of hydrogen into the structural metal material of the power plant, wherefore active gaseous additives capable of preventing adsorption on a metal surface are introduced into gaseous hydrogen in an amount of from 10.sup.-4 % by volume to the permissible critical content of the additives in hydrogen. The gaseous additives are selected from the group including F, Cl, O and S and their compounds.

Abstract: A microscale fluid handling system that permits the efficient transfer of nanoliter to picoliter quantities of a fluid sample from the spatially concentrated environment of a microfabricated chip to "off-chip" analytical or collection devices for further off-chip sample manipulation and analysis is disclosed. The fluid handling system is fabricated in the form of one or more channels, in any suitable format, provided in a microchip body or substrate of silica, polymer or other suitable non-conductive material, or of stainless steel, noble metal, silicon or other suitable conductive or semi-conductive material. The microchip fluid handling system includes one or more exit ports integral with the end of one or more of the channels for consecutive or simultaneous off-chip analysis or collection of the sample. The exit port or ports may be configured, for example, as an electrospray interface for transfer of a fluid sample to a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A method of improving the storage life of goods by storing the goods in an environment comprising heptafluoropropane at pressures of between about 0.1 atmospheres and about 2.0 atmospheres. Foods, pharmaceuticals, and other goods adversely affected by oxygen and/or moisture are effectively stored by the claimed method. The method is particularly effective for goods stored in plastic containers, and for goods stored in containers stoppered by rubber stoppers.

Abstract: A method for storing atmosphere sensitive product includes providing an atmosphere surrounding the product which contains at least about 5% heptafluoropropane, preferably at least about 20% heptafluoropropane. The stored products include food, pharmaceutical and chemical products, and mechanical and electrical equipment. In a particular aspect, the method includes storing the product in a closed container and providing in the headspace of the container an atmosphere containing heptafluoropropane.

Abstract: A system for maintaining electronic components, such as integrated circuit chips, in a contaminant-free controlled atmosphere is disclosed. The components, which may be mounted on a multichip module, are housed in a sealed enclosure and a positive pressure of contaminant-free gas, such as pure nitrogen, is maintained within the enclosure. A source of pressurized gas, controllably connected to the enclosure is provided and, preferably, an exhaust valve is used to equalize the pressure in the enclosure when it is necessary to access the interior for purposes of maintenance or repair. Preferably, there is a control system which monitors and maintains the proper level of pressure within the enclosure and which may be used to periodically flush the enclosure. Also preferably, one or more canisters of getter material are attached to the enclosure for removing contaminants.

Abstract: A method for cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing hemodialysis apparatus consisting in mixing a basic composition comprising the chlorite ion with an acid composition comprising lactic acid in a mass ratio of the basic composition to the acid composition ranging from 1:6 to 1:3, feeding the mixture thus obtained and admixed with water into the hemodialysis apparatus, the ratio of the mixture to water being of about 1:34 and circulating the final solution in the apparatus wherein the mixture is diluted in water and the basic composition is reacted with the acid composition.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor including an acetylinic alcohol is disclosed which is used in connection with a chlorine dioxide process for controlling biomass and cleaning water injection wells and oil producing wells by injecting the chlorine dioxide oxidant into the pumped water injection stream.

Abstract: A continuous process for wet oxidation of aqueous liquor containing combustible matter using oxygen or oxygen enriched gas. An inert diluent gas is injected into the aqueous liquor or reactor off-gas such that oxygen in the gas phase is diluted by the sum of generated water vapor, produced carbon dioxide and injected inert gas to a concentration less than required for spontaneous combustion at every location in the system having surfaces not continually exposed to a continuous liquid water phase.

Abstract: A method of storing a solid chlorinating agent with improved storage performance involving placing the solid chlorinating agent and a storage stabilizer such as calcium oxide, trisodium phosphate, magnesium oxide, ferrous oxide, melamine, ammeline or ammelide in a closed container in a manner that the stabilizer contacts the noxious gases in the same container but not with the solid chlorinating agent in the same container. An article for storing the same is composed of a closed container in which the solid chlorinating agent is placed together with the storage stabilizer in such a manner that the gases are brought into contact with the storage stabilizer.