Abstract: Corrosion preventative devices configured to be inserted within a storage container are disclosed. The exemplary corrosion preventative devices are made from or otherwise include a material configured to release corrosion protection molecules.

Abstract: A transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. More specifically, the conductive layer comprises a network of nanowires that may be embedded in a matrix. The conductive layer is optically clear, patternable and is suitable as a transparent electrode in visual display devices such as touch screens, liquid crystal displays, plasma display panels and the like.

Abstract: A corrosion prevention and control composition and method comprises combining primarily two-component polyurethane foam formed by reacting polyols with an isocyanate compound, and a 2 to 10 percent by weight of either an organic or inorganic gas-phase corrosion inhibitor. The closed cell foam provides a barrier protection for the underlying corrodible surface, while the inhibitor protects the metal from the absorbed moisture vapor, thereby preventing corrosion from occurring at the foam/metal interface. The resulting foam and inhibitor composition maintains better adhesion to the underlying corrodible structure in corrosive environments.

Abstract: A volatile corrosion inhibitor may be in the form of, or derived from, molasses. Corrosion inhibition activity may be provided by molasses products, including molasses and/or any derivative product generated therefrom. Example molasses products include concentrated molasses, dehydrated molasses, molasses distillates or pot bottoms from distillation, extracted fractions of molasses, molasses fractions prepared by precipitation or membrane separation, and molasses residues remaining after removal of additional sugar or other targeted compounds. In one embodiment, the molasses-based corrosion inhibitor may be derived from sugar beet molasses.

Abstract: A volatile corrosion inhibiting agent is provided for dispersion of a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor in a vapor stream that is passed into a sheath or other casing enclosing a metal bar, cable, or other tension member to protect said tension member from corrosion.

Abstract: A process for passivation of surfaces of heat exchange apparatus exposed to a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, includes the steps of: (i) adding arsine to the synthesis gas to provide a total As concentration in the synthesis gas in range 0.001 to 10 ppmv, (ii) exposing the mixture of hot synthesis gas and arsine to the shell-side surfaces of said heat exchange apparatus to reduce the interaction between the carbon monoxide present in said gas and metals in said surfaces, (iii) recovering a cooled synthesis gas from the shell-side of said apparatus, and (iv) passing the cooled synthesis gas, optionally after further cooling, through a sorbent bed to remove arsenic compounds from the synthesis gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of synthesis gas by the use of autothermal reforming in which tail gas from downstream Fischer-Tropsh synthesis is hydrogenated and then added to the autothermal reforming stage.

Abstract: A corrosion prevention and control composition and method comprises combining primarily two-component polyurethane foam formed by reacting polyols with an isocyanate compound, and a 2 to 10 percent by weight of either an organic or inorganic gas-phase corrosion inhibitor. The closed cell foam provides a barrier protection for the underlying corrodible surface, while the inhibitor protects the metal from the absorbed moisture vapor, thereby preventing corrosion from occurring at the foam/metal interface. The resulting foam and inhibitor composition maintains better adhesion to the underlying corrodible structure in corrosive environments.

Abstract: A method of controlling floating virus infection. The method includes the step of: supplying chlorine dioxide gas into a space where floating virus can be present by a gas concentration which allows the animal to live or stay, but deactivates the virus.

Abstract: An apparatus for indicating biological content within a container is provided. The apparatus includes a medical sterilization container having a cover removably attached to the medical sterilization container. An enclosable, sterilizable interior compartment is formed by the medical sterilization container and the cover, wherein the interior compartment is sized to house at least one medical instrument. A biological indicator is located at least partially in communication with the interior compartment, wherein the biological indicator provides at least one indication of biological content within the interior compartment after the medical sterilization container and cover are subjected to a sterilization process.

Abstract: In a process for the exploration for or the production of crude oil and/or natural gas, wherein metal objects are exposed to a gas for period of time sufficient to produce an aqueous film, a method including introducing a corrosion inhibitor into a fluid in contact with the subject metal under conditions sufficient to introduce the corrosion inhibitor into the aqueous film can be used to prevent excessive corrosion. Useful as the corrosion inhibitor is 2-sulfanylpropan-1-ol, also known as 2-mercapto-ethanol, and 2-mercapto-ethanol substituted with one or two methyl groups, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A decontamination system includes a spraying system in an enclosed chamber for application of a decontamination fluid having a liquid carrier, such as water, and an enzyme-based decontaminating chemical additive. The additive contains an organophosphorus compound-degrading enzyme. The decontamination system also includes a fluid flow control system that ensures delivery of decontamination fluid to spray nozzles. The fluid flow control system features a recirculation system that collects runoff from the chamber and transports the collected runoff to a decontamination reactor. The decontamination reactor removes contaminants from the collected runoff liquid and permits the collected runoff liquid to be reused for further decontamination, thus taking advantage of the catalytic characteristic of the enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, tanks (e.g., storage tanks, septic tanks, fuel tanks, etc.); containers (e.g., shipping containers, storage containers, etc.); semi-closed systems (e.g., fuel systems, septic systems, reservoirs, etc.); and/or closed systems (e.g., waste disposal systems, waste disposal drums or containers, etc.). In another embodiment, the methods of the present invention may be utilized to reduce and/or prevent corrosion in a variety of pipelines (e.g., gas/oil pipelines, water pipelines, sewage lines, etc.). More specifically, the present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, metallic tanks; metallic containers; pipelines; semi-closed systems; and/or closed systems which are constructed partially or totally from metal. (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to corrosion management systems designed to deliver corrosion protection and/or the management of corrosion to a top portion of an enclosure (e.g., storage tanks, cisterns, containers, etc.). In one embodiment, the present invention relates to corrosion management systems designed to deliver corrosion protection and/or the management of corrosion to a top portion, or roof portion, of an enclosure where such a system includes one or more dispensers designed to deliver at least one corrosion inhibitor to a system designed to protect a top portion of an enclosure (e.g., storage tanks, cisterns, containers, etc.).

Abstract: By a method and a device for preventing corrosion on and in the region of a gas inlet nozzle during nitric acid condensation, contact of the condensing gas with the nozzle and with the surroundings of the nozzle are supposed to be minimized. This is achieved in that the gas inlet nozzle has a sleeve on the inside in the transition region to the interior of the condenser, by which sleeve a gas inlet orifice in the form of an annular gap is formed, whereby the annular space is provided with at least one feed opening for secondary air, so that an enveloping flow of secondary air is produced around the entering NO gas.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing corrosion in a turbomachine. The method may include providing a process gas to a condenser, wherein the process gas contains a condensate having a pH level that is acidic. The condenser may be configured to remove at least a portion of the condensate from the process gas. Any condensate that is not removed is a remaining condensate. The method may further include increasing the pH level of the remaining condensate to above about 4 by mixing the process gas and the remaining condensate with an amount of pH modifier to form a mixture, and directing the mixture to a compressor coupled to the condenser, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, tanks (e.g., storage tanks, septic tanks, fuel tanks, etc.); containers (e.g., shipping containers, storage containers, etc.); semi-closed systems (e.g., fuel systems, septic systems, reservoirs, etc.); and/or closed systems (e.g., waste disposal systems, waste disposal drums or containers, etc.). In another embodiment, the methods of the present invention may be utilized to reduce and/or prevent corrosion in a variety of pipelines (e.g., gas/oil pipelines, water pipelines, sewage lines, etc.). More specifically, the present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, metallic tanks; metallic containers; pipelines; semi-closed systems; and/or closed systems which are constructed partially or totally from metal. (e.g.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for extending a shelf life of vinyl ester resin or unsaturated polyester resin during transportation or general storage. The method includes the step of enhancing an oxygen content of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin, such that the self-polymerization reaction of reactive functional groups having carbon-carbon unsaturated double bonds of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin can be minimized, so as to slow down occurrence of a gelation phenomenon of the vinyl ester resin or the unsaturated polyester resin in a long-time transportation or storage, and further to decrease a monetary loss.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, tanks (e.g., storage tanks, septic tanks, fuel tanks, etc.); containers (e.g., shipping containers, storage containers, etc.); semi-closed systems (e.g., fuel systems, septic systems, reservoirs, etc.); and/or closed systems (e.g., waste disposal systems, waste disposal drums or containers, etc.). In another embodiment, the methods of the present invention may be utilized to reduce and/or prevent corrosion in a variety of pipelines (e.g., gas/oil pipelines, water pipelines, sewage lines, etc.). More specifically, the present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing the occurrence of corrosion in a variety of articles including, but not limited to, metallic tanks; metallic containers; pipelines; semi-closed systems; and/or closed systems which are constructed partially or totally from metal. (e.g.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing corrosion in a turbomachine. The method may include providing a process gas to a condenser, wherein the process gas contains a condensate having a pH level that is acidic. The condenser may be configured to remove at least a portion of the condensate from the process gas. Any condensate that is not removed is a remaining condensate. The method may further include increasing the pH level of the remaining condensate to above about 4 by mixing the process gas and the remaining condensate with an amount of pH modifier to form a mixture, and directing the mixture to a compressor coupled to the condenser, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the mixture.

Abstract: A method for passivating low-alloy steel surfaces in apparatus operating in the temperature range 350 to 580° C. and exposed to a carbon monoxide containing gas mixture comprises adding a passivating compound containing at least one phosphorus (P) atom to the gas mixture. The gas mixture is preferably a reformed gas and also described is a process for producing a synthesis gas wherein, prior to cooling a reformed gas mixture to a temperature between 350 and 580° C. in apparatus having low-alloy steel surfaces downstream of one or more reforming steps, a passivating compound containing at least one phosphorus (P) atom is combined with the gas mixture.

Abstract: A method for cooling a heat source, a method for preventing chemical interaction between a vessel and a cooling composition therein, and a cooling system. The method for cooling employs a containment vessel with an oxidizable interior wall. The interior wall is oxidized to form an oxide barrier layer thereon, the cooling composition is monitored for excess oxidizing agent, and a reducing agent is provided to eliminate excess oxidation. The method for preventing chemical interaction between a vessel and a cooling composition involves introducing a sufficient quantity of a reactant which is reactive with the vessel in order to produce a barrier layer therein that is non-reactive with the cooling composition. The cooling system includes a containment vessel with oxidizing agent and reducing agent delivery conveyances and a monitor of oxidation and reduction states so that proper maintenance of a vessel wall oxidation layer occurs.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of treating a dry or processed fluid pipe line susceptible to the build-up of iron sulfide deposits by complexing the iron sulfide in the pipe lines. The method of the present invention introduces the composition on a continuous or a batch basis to a gas pipe line. The composition is made of a solution of 1) water, 2) [tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium] sulfate or chloride, and 3) a soluble ammonium salt, such as ammonium chloride or the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a corrosion protection system and a method of protecting an article from corrosion by placing the article to be protected in a gas impermeable enclosure comprising at least one shell that is adapted to maintain an internal pressure greater than an external pressure outside of the corrosion protection system, placing at least one corrosion preventing device selected from a desiccant, a corrosion inhibitor, an inert gas, or a combination thereof, and sealing the gas impermeable enclosure of the corrosion protection system.

Abstract: A method for minimizing corrosion and the build-up of deposits on surfaces of a flue-gas system exposed to moist substances and elevated temperatures, and which includes a desulfurizer and heat transfer means communicating with the desulfurizer, said method involving adding to the system at the heat transfer means a readily water soluble alkaline substance such as sodium hydroxide in amounts sufficient to produce with said flue-gas in said heat transfer means a minimum pH of about 5, preferably 7 or higher.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion of metallic surfaces are disclosed. The corrosion-inhibiting compositions are cost efficient, easy to use and can be conveniently removed or replaced. The corrosion-inhibiting compositions include a putty-like base material that is pliable and has sufficient tackiness to be securely affixed to surfaces. Corrosion inhibiting compounds are combined with the base material. These compositions provide a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor for both direct and indirect contact with metallic objects.

Abstract: A method of reducing the formation of coke deposits on the heat-transfer surfaces of an ethylene dichloride to vinyl chloride pyrolysis furnace comprising exposing the heat transfer surfaces of said pyrolysis furnace to a phosphine selected from the group consisting of phosphines with the general formula: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl and arylalkyl, wherein R1, R2 and R3 can be the same or different.

Abstract: Described herein is a process of corrosion inhibition of a steel pipeline during transport of water and gas, or water and an oil, or mixtures thereof, therethrough, including introducing a copolymer of vinyl caprolactam and vinylpyridine into said pipeline.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for prevention or stoppage of sulfidation or sulfuric corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with fluids including sulfiding compounds, where the method involves the addition of a compound to the fluid, where the additive has a higher affinity for metal surfaces than sulfur. The additive are group 15 of the periodic table of elements, fluorine-containing compounds, or mixtures or combinations thereof and are added in small quantities generally between about 0.001 ppm and about 20 ppm based on the amount of group 15 element or fluorine in the compound used. A protected metal surface is also disclosed which is coated with a protective coating comprising a group 15 element or fluorine and/or sulfur.

Abstract: A method for preventing corrosion and particulate in a load-lock chamber is disclosed. The load-lock chamber is adjourning with an etching chamber and a wafer transferred module, each time a wafer in the cassette is transferred into the etching chamber for etching by a transfer arm. After that, the etched wafer is withdrawn by the same way to the cassette. The load-lock chamber comprising an outlet of N2-purge tube therein for venting the vacuum in the load-lock chamber to the surrounding. The method comprising at least a step of coupling heating means to the N2-purge tube, or heating N2 gases before injecting into the N2-purge tube so that the temperature of the N2-purge tube will at least not lower than the temperature of an environment within the load-lock chamber.

Abstract: A process useful for protecting metal surfaces against corrosion in is presented involving: (a) forming a corrosion inhibitor having a compound corresponding to formula (I): where R1, R2 and R3 independently of one another represent an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl or alkylaryl group or a group corresponding to formula (II): A− is an anion, n is the number 2 or 3, p is a number of 1 to 3 and R5 is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 7 to 23 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds, and R4 is a group corresponding to formula (II) or (III): where R1, R2 and R3 are as defined above and Z is a group —(CH2)m— or a group corresponding to formula (IV):  m is an integer of 1 to 6, X is a group NH or an oxygen atom and D is a dimer fatty acid residue containing on average 36 to 54 carbon atoms; (b) combining the corrosion inhibitor with liquid aqueous, liquid non-aqueous or gaseous me

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of power engineering.The method for protecting power plants, in which hydrogen is used as the working fluid, against destruction is carried out by reducing the diffusion of hydrogen into the structural metal material of the power plant, wherefore active gaseous additives capable of preventing adsorption on a metal surface are introduced into gaseous hydrogen in an amount of from 10.sup.-4 % by volume to the permissible critical content of the additives in hydrogen. The gaseous additives are selected from the group including F, Cl, O and S and their compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides microfluidic devices and systems that utilize optical detection systems, and where one or more light altering optical elements are integrated into the body structure of the microfluidic device. The resulting devices perform at least a portion of the optical manipulations used in the optical detection method employed.

Abstract: A low odor, aqueous, quick acting cold temperature disinfectant solution primarily useful for medical instruments to disinfect within a half hour or less. The composition comprises a reacting or synergistic combination of hydrogen peroxide and from about 1% to 30% by weight of a carboxylic acid/carboxylate salt buffered solution.

Abstract: A powder for sustained release of a gas including a core containing a molecular sieve, and a layer containing an acid releasing agent on an outer surface of the core. The core and the layer are substantially free of water, and the core is capable of generating and releasing a gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a corrosion-inhibiting material comprising a composite containing a metal oxide gel, where necessary modified by an organic polymer, and one or more corrosion inhibitors, and to a method for the production thereof. The corrosion-inhibiting composite material is used for producing corrosion-protective packaging material, for coating metallic and metallized articles as well as for corrosion protection in confined environments.

Abstract: A carbon monoxide containing gas mixture at a temperature of 500.degree. C. is conducted through the inner protective tubing of a sheath tube lined with a thermally insulating protecting composition. The inner tubing is divided into sections and a potentially CO-free mass is introduced in the sheath tube in the regions of the thermally insulating mass to permeate the latter and form a barrier between the carbon monoxide gas and sheath tube, thereby eliminating hot spots and metal dusting corrosion.

Abstract: A method includes providing an article having an oxidizable organic compound and an organoleptic compound; advancing the article toward a means for treating the article, the means for treating the article including a treating medium, and a means for applying the treating medium to the article; and applying the treating medium to a surface of the article so as to lower the amount of the organoleptic compound in the article. An apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for storing atmosphere sensitive product includes providing an atmosphere surrounding the product which contains at least about 5% heptafluoropropane, preferably at least about 20% heptafluoropropane. The stored products include food, pharmaceutical and chemical products, and mechanical and electrical equipment. In a particular aspect, the method includes storing the product in a closed container and providing in the headspace of the container an atmosphere containing heptafluoropropane.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion. The composition contains a mixture of a dessicant and a vapor-corrosion inhibitor. The mixture of dessicant and inhibitor is synergistic: the service life of the corrosion inhibitor is signficiantly longer when so used than when used alone or in in the presence of but not physically mixed with the dessicant.

Abstract: A means and method for protecting the moving parts of a pump that is used to pump air- or moisture-sensitive liquids, comprising blanketing the wetted parts of the pump with an inert medium and/or admixing the process liquid with a low vapor pressure liquid component effective for inhibiting corrosion or particulate formation. In another aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus for protecting the wetted, moving parts of pumps used to pump air- or moisture-sensitive liquids. The apparatus provides a mantle within which an inert medium is flowed around the moving, wetted pump parts to continually purge them of any air or moisture.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion. The composition contains a mixture of a dessicant and a vapor-corrosion inhibitor. The mixture of dessicant and inhibitor is synergistic: the service life of the corrosion inhibitor is significantly longer when so used than when used alone or in in the presence of but not physically mixed with the dessicant.

Abstract: A method of preserving an article which includes enclosing the article and an oxygen absorbent parcel in a container having gas-barrier properties and sealing the container. The parcel is formed by packing an oxygen absorbent composition with a gas permeable packing material, the oxygen absorbent composition containing an linear hydrocarbon polymer having one or more unsaturated groups or a mixture of the polymer with an unsaturated fatty acid compound, an oxidation promoter, a basic substance and an adsorption substance.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal reinforcement structures embedded within cured concrete. The method comprises providing a plurality of exteriorly-accessible generally uniformly distributed openings in the concrete. Thereafter, a plurality of containers is provided, with each container having therein a migrating corrosion inhibitor and having a wall structure which is permeable to the migrating corrosion inhibitor. One container is placed in each of a sufficient number of openings in the concrete such that a sufficient quantity of migrating corrosion inhibitor exits from the respective containers and migrates through the concrete to the embedded metal reinforcement structures to thereby inhibit corrosion.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion. The composition contains a mixture of a dessicant and a vapor-corrosion inhibitor. The mixture of dessicant and inhibitor is synergistic: the service life of the corrosion inhibitor is signficiantly longer when so used than when used alone or in in the presence of but not physically mixed with the dessicant.

Abstract: A method and system for electrochemically measuring the sensitization to stress corrosion cracking of small pipes of plant structural members in a very short period of time. A micro electrochemical cell for measuring the sensitization is movably disposed within a BWR plant ICM housing or an instrumentation pipe. An electrochemical instrumentation system for performing the electrochemical potential variation such as pulse voltammetry and a remote control system for remotely controlling the electrochemical cell are provided.

Abstract: The deposition of elemental sulfur in a conduit through which a sulfur containing gas is flowing is reduced by providing, as a novel sulfur dispersant, an ether alcohol component produced from primary alcohol and epichlorohydrin mixed with an aliphatic amine component, the dispersant being employed in the presence of liquid water. When the conduit is normally vulnerable to the corrosion caused by contact with the sulfur-containing gas, the sulfur dispersant is optionally employed in conjunction with a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: We have determined that simultaneous use in industrial waters of certain water soluble polymers in the presence of ozone is acceptable for scale control, corrosion control, microbiological control and the like. The preferred polymers used with ozone and those polymers that are homopolymers and copolymers containing at least 50 mole percent of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, mixtures thereof. Certain other monomers may be used with the acrylic acid and methacrylic acid monomers, and still function as scale inhibitors and corrosion inhibitors in the presence of ozone in industrial waters. The industrial waters are particularly recirculating cooling waters.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting carbonate stress corrosion cracking is determined to involve the addition of certain treatment chemicals to refinery process streams containing at least 1 of the volatile chemicals, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, and water. The treatment chemical is preferably a fatty imidazoline compound or fatty amides or fatty esters or mixtures thereof.The imidazoline compounds and the amide/esters are formed by reacting tall oil fatty acids, naphthenic acids, or mixtures thereof with essentially linear heterochemicals containing amine or alcohol functionality.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor including an acetylinic alcohol is disclosed which is used in connection with a chlorine dioxide process for controlling biomass and cleaning water injection wells and oil producing wells by injecting the chlorine dioxide oxidant into the pumped water injection stream.