Abstract: A reaction apparatus, comprising: a reaction kettle; a circulation loop, comprising a circulation pipeline and a circulator pump provided on the circulation pipeline, a discharging end of the circulator pump being communicated with the top of the reaction kettle by means of a circulation valve and a charging end of the circulator pump being communicated with the bottom of the reaction kettle by means of a block valve; a feeding loop, comprising a feeding pipeline and a bypass pipeline, the feeding pipeline being provided between the block valve and the circulator pump and being communicated with the circulation pipeline, the bypass pipeline being provided with a control valve, and one end of the bypass pipeline being communicated with the discharging end of the circulator pump and the other end thereof being communicated with the bottom of the reaction kettle; and a discharging loop, comprising a discharging pipeline provided between the circulator pump and the circulation valve and communicated with the circ

Abstract: The invention relates to mixer device (52) for mixing and an additive to the exhaust gas flow from a combustion engine. The mixer device has an additive injection means (1) and a conduit (2) with an inlet opening and an outlet opening. The conduit (2) has a widened portion (5) between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. The additive injection means (1) is located in the widened portion (5) for injecting the additive into the widened portion. The widened portion (5) at the location of the additive injection means (1) defines an injection width (W) being the distance from the additive injection means (1) to the opposite part (6) of the conduit (2). The injection width (W) is larger than the maximum width (W1) of the conduit (2) adjacent the inlet opening. According to the invention, the cross sectional area of the conduit (2) at the location of the additive injection means (1) is smaller than 1.2 times the cross sectional area of the conduit (2) adjacent the inlet opening.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and a system for treating contaminated soil. The process includes introducing a contaminated soil to an agitation unit. Ozone is supplied to the agitation unit thereby forming a soil-gas mixture, and the soil-gas mixture is agitated for sufficient time for the ozone to contact the contaminants thereby forming an ozone-treated soil and a residual gas-particulates mixture. The ozone-treated soil and the residual gas-particulates mixture are removed from the agitation unit. If necessary, remaining ozone is then flushed from the soil. The process occurs under negative pressure to prevent ozone from being released to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A system and method are provided in at least one embodiment to process water to produce gas that can be separated into at least two gas flows using a water treatment system having a disk-pack rotating in it to cause out gassing from the water. In a further embodiment, the method and system use the gas released from the water to produce substantially fresh water from the processed salt water.

Abstract: The present application refers to zinc recovery process from steelworks powder, and to obtain a zinc sulfate solution with 12% Zn by weight with the expected degree for fertilizer. Such an approach can aim to add value to a steelmaking waste, by partially converting environmental liability in commercial product taking advantage of the steelworks' powder as a raw material for the production of a liquid fertilizer and ready for use, containing zinc and sulfur with low liquid effluent production. Such an approach can be advantageous as to simplicity, use of mild temperatures, use of a single reactant, overall conversion of the reactants into a product solution of commercial quality, ready for use as a foliar fertilizer with low generation of wastewater and without generation of additional waste.

Abstract: A mixer for mixing an exhaust flow in an exhaust pipe includes a housing having a first sidewall spaced apart from a second sidewall. The first and second sidewalls each include a free distal end spaced apart from one another. Portions of the first and second sidewalls are adapted to be fixed to the exhaust pipe. A first mixing element is coupled to the housing and includes a deflection element as well as a plurality of correction fins protruding at an angle from the deflection element. A second mixing element interconnects the first and second sidewalls and extends substantially parallel to the first mixing element. A second mixing element includes a mixing fin to change a direction of the exhaust flow.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rapid mixing reactor, comprising a first feed-in passage housing, a reactor housing, a second feed-in passage, a hollow blade-wheel feed distributor, a rotation shaft, and a first feed distributor, wherein the first feed-in passage housing and the reactor housing are constructed coaxially and communicated with each other; the second feed-in passage, the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor and the rotation shaft each are fixed in connection with each other in the sequence along the central axis of the reactor; the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor is located within the reactor housing and rotates axially under the driving force of the rotation shaft; the second feed-in passage is connected with the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor; the first feed-in passage housing is set up with at least one first feed-in inlet therein; the reactor housing is set up with at least one reaction liquid outlet at its distal end; and the first feed distributor and the hollow blade-wheel feed distributor are pro

Abstract: Compounds, synthesis of, and methods for synthesizing metal alkoxide derivatives; and metal alkoxide derivatives for use as flame retardants are described. Group 13 metal alkoxides having flame retardant properties may be prepared by reacting the group 13 metal trihydroxide with an alcohol.

Abstract: A multi-phase reactor system for performing multi-phase reactions is disclosed. The reactor system includes a reaction vessel having a slinger device (100) mounted on a centrally positioned agitator shaft (102) proximal to an operative top of the reaction vessel. The slinger device (100) comprises a holding means defined by a vertical circumferential plate (108) and a cover plate (107) for at least partially encasing the agitator shaft (102) to define a space for collecting a liquid. The holding means comprise at least one spraying means including spray pipes (106) for distributing the liquid on an inner wall of the reaction vessel by a projectile trajectory path on rotation of the agitator shaft. A concave blade (104) may be positioned over the cover plate (107) for preventing overflow of the liquid from the holding means and forming an umbrella of the flowing liquid to effect scrubbing of the vapors and off-gas.

Abstract: Provided is a method and an apparatus for producing a polyvinyl alcohol that can reduce energy consumption without deterioration in quality of the product polyvinyl alcohol. First, one or more vinyl esters are polymerized or a vinyl ester and other copolymerizable monomers are copolymerized to give a polyvinyl ester. Then, a raw saponification solution containing the polyvinyl ester and an organic solvent is fed through a channel 1 and a saponification catalyst-containing solution is introduced into the center of the channel. They are then mixed with static mixers 2 and the mixture 4 is subjected to saponification reaction, as it is placed on a belt 3.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor and agitator useful in a high pressure process for making 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd) from the reaction of 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (240fa) and HF, wherein the agitator includes one or more of the following design improvements: (a) double mechanical seals with an inert barrier fluid or a single seal; (b) ceramics on the rotating faces of the seal; (c) ceramics on the static faces of seal; (d) wetted o-rings constructed of spring-energized Teflon and PTFE wedge or dynamic o-ring designs; and (e) wetted metal surfaces of the agitator constructed of a corrosion resistant alloy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for method of continuously producing 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane with high yield is provided. The method includes (a) bringing a CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in a reactor into contact with 3,3,3-trifluoropropene to produce a CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride and 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane, (b) transferring the CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride in the reactor to a regenerator and bringing the transferred CoF2-containing cobalt fluoride into contact with fluorine gas to regenerate a CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride, and (c) transferring the CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in the regenerator to the reactor and employing the transferred CoF3-containing cobalt fluoride in Operation (a). Accordingly, the 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropane can be continuously produced with high yield from the 3,3,3-trifluoropropene using a cobalt fluoride (CoF2/CoF3) as a fluid catalyst, thereby improving the reaction stability and readily adjusting the optimum conversion rate and selectivity.

Abstract: A cool hydrogen-propelled cyclone quench box comprises: a mixing chamber (7) arranged at the center of a lower support plate (11); swirl tubes (6) arranged above the lower support plate (11) and outside the mixing chamber (7), the tubes being in tangential communication with the body of the mixing chamber (7) along a horizontal direction; a gas-liquid downcomer (5) perpendicularly arranged outside each swirl tube (6), the bottom portions of the downcomers and the outer walls of the swirl tubes (6) being in tangential communication along a perpendicular direction, and the top portions of the gas-liquid downcomers (5) being connected to fluid inlets (4) arranged on an upper support plate (3). The bottom end of a cool hydrogen branch pipe (8) is arranged outside each swirl tube (6), and is tangentially connected to the swirl tube (6) along a horizontal direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for the treatment of liquid material based on organic waste products, in particular sludge from sewage disposal plants and the like, wherein the sludge material is added and mixed with chemicals, in particular sulphuric acid, nitric acid, and/or ammonia, during the vaporization and degasification of liquid from the material to increase the solids content thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus, which can be part of a pre-treatment system in a plant for the production of fuels, e. g. bio-ethanol, derived from plant biomass, e. g. first generation crops, such as grain, sugarcane and corn or second generation crops such as lignocellulosic biomass. The invention relates to an apparatus for processing, such as fluffing and mixing, at least two media, such as a solid, e. g. biomass, and a fluid, e. g. steam, so as to rendering the first medium susceptible to efficient receiving of energy and/or mass which is provided by localized release of the second medium. Although the description of the present invention focuses on biomass, it is envisaged that the invention is generally applicable to control the mixing of at least two media by crossing their stream of while dispersing at least one of them.

Abstract: Described herein are processes and related devices and systems for the conversion of higher hydrocarbons, such as in the form of waste plastics, petroleum sludge, slope oil, vegetable oil, and so forth, into lower hydrocarbons, which can be used as fuels or raw materials for a variety of industrial and domestic uses.

Abstract: A liquid phase reactor comprising a screw within a barrel, the screw and barrel being relatively rotatable and defining a mixing zone therebetween, the barrel having at least two inlets for introduction of components for mixing into the barrel and an outlet for discharge of a product of mixing from the barrel, the screw comprising a spiral groove whereby relative rotation of the screw and barrel is adapted to axially transport the components between the screw and barrel while mixing the components and to extrude the product through the outlet, wherein the reactor is adapted to achieve a substantially constant flow ratio of components into the barrel during operation of the reactor.

Abstract: A stator-type mixing device is used as a mixing device between fixed catalyst beds in a reactor. The mixing device includes a plurality of blades or surfaces arranged around a central hub. The blades are arranged at an angle relative to vertical so that a fluid cannot pass vertically through the mixing device without contacting at least one blade or surface. The blades or surfaces allow the stator-type mixing device to span the full cross-sectional surface area of the reactor, so that concentration of liquids in a localized portion of the reactor cross-sectional area is reduced or minimized. For reactors where at least part of the process fluid is a liquid under reaction conditions, a distributor tray can be included below the stator-type mixing device.

Abstract: A biomass fractionation apparatus includes a vessel having a processing chamber, an inlet configured to receive a biomass into the processing chamber, and an outlet configured to discharge processed biomass from the chamber. A bed plate is movably positioned within the processing chamber and includes a plurality of elongated fins extending outwardly therefrom in substantially parallel spaced-apart relationship. A cylindrical rotor is rotatably secured within the processing chamber in adjacent, spaced-apart relationship with the bed plate. The rotor has a plurality of elongated blades extending radially outwardly therefrom in circumferentially spaced-apart relationship. Upon rotation of the rotor, the blades are configured to accelerate a biomass within the processing chamber against the fins of the bed plate and to cause the bed plate to pulsate against the rotor.

Abstract: A system for generating a tissue construct includes a mixing chamber, a piston chamber, a reaction chamber, and a pump. The mixing chamber is configured to receive a hydrogel solution and a cell suspension solution. The piston chamber includes a first piston and is configured to receive a mixture of the hydrogel solution and the cell suspension solution from the mixing chamber. The first piston is configured to push the mixture through one or more capillaries into the reaction chamber. The reaction is configured to receive the mixture and a cross-linking initiator. The pump is configured to move the mixture through the reaction chamber such that the mixture and the cross-linking initiator combine to form an encapsulated cell material.

Abstract: Mechanically fluidized systems and processes allow for efficient, cost-effective production of silicon. Particulate may be provided to a heated tray or pan, which is oscillated or vibrated to provide a reaction surface. The particulate migrates downward in the tray or pan and the reactant product migrates upward in the tray or pan as the reactant product reaches a desired state. Exhausted gases may be recycled.

Abstract: Embodiments of a process for production of biodiesel from a transesterification reaction of alcohol and triglycerides in a multi-zone tubular reactor is disclosed. Alkyl esters and glycerin are formed from reactants in a reaction mixture as the reaction mixture flows through the zones. The zones include an entrance zone, an exit zone, and an intermediate zone between the entrance and exit zones. The zones are characterized by physical properties such as viscosity, density, composition, and flow regime. The entrance and intermediate zones include static mixers that perform structured mixing that increases the conversion and yield. The degree of mixing provided by the mixers is different in the zones to account for differences in physical properties.

Abstract: A reactor vessel for complexecelle formation is described. The reactor vessel has a vessel for containing a first reactant wherein the vessel comprises an open top. A lid is provided for attachment to the vessel which is adapted for sealing the open top. An impeller shaft extends through the lid and into the vessel wherein the impeller comprises at least one stirrer blade extending from the impeller shaft and the impeller shaft is adapted to rotate in the first reactant. A gas diffuser extends into the first reactant. A gas source is provided which is capable of providing gas to the gas diffuser for dispersing the gas into the first reactant. The rotating impeller shaft and gas source are capable of simultaneously acting to form bubble surfaces of the first reactant. A metering device is provided for introducing a second reactant to the vessel onto the bubble surfaces.

Abstract: Use of a high shear mechanical device incorporated into a process for the production of chlorobenzene is capable of decreasing mass transfer limitations, thereby enhancing the chlorobenzene production process. A system for the production of chlorobenzene from benzene and chlorine, the system comprising a reactor and an external high shear device, the outlet of which is fluidly connected to the inlet of the reactor; the high shear device capable of providing an emulsion of chlorine gas bubbles within liquid benzene.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the maintenance of active chromium-based catalysts and their use in polymerization processes are described. In one embodiment, a system for the introduction of multiple polymerization components to activate a chromium based catalyst within a mix tank is described. Other described features may include materials and methods to purify the liquid medium of a catalyst slurry so that the catalyst slurry maintains a high level of activity. The active chromium-based catalyst may provide polyolefins with a number of desirable properties in a reliable, consistent, and predictable manner.

Abstract: Steps in the processing of oils derived from plants or vegetables include the degumming, deodorizing and bleaching of the oil before it can be used for further applications. By eliminating one or more of these steps from the processing of the oil, followed by hydrogenating the oil to a specified degree of hydrogenation, the resulting upgraded oils can be incorporated into products having commercial applications. The process uses a high shear mixing device and a hydrogenation catalyst. The process can utilize a single or multiple high shear devices, and utilize renewable oils instead of increasingly scarce petroleum based products. The resulting hydrogenated products may then be utilized in a variety of other commercial applications, such as to render cellulosic products water resistant, provide a coating for numerous cellulosic products, adhesive compositions, ink compositions, firelog compositions, drilling muds or asphalt modifiers.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for thermal processing of slurry, the slurry is combined with a bio-mass to produce a mixture which is then subjected to a cracking temperature in a receiving tank, thereby liquefying and allowing the mixture to catalytically undergo a cracking reaction. The cracking reaction which the liquefied mixture undergoes is continued in a mixer pump to thereby produce a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is outgased in an intermediate tank to separate an outgased fraction from a non-outgased fraction. Subsequently, the outgased fraction is allowed to cool down, thereby producing fuel, while the non-outgased fraction is returned to the receiving tank and subjected again to the cracking temperature. Residual matter of the non-outgased fraction settles in the intermediate tank and is periodically removed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the production of thermoplastic polymer dispersions, using a reaction vessel with a first volume and a secondary volume, wherein a first stirrer is located and operative in said first volume and a secondary stirrer is located and operative in said secondary volume, wherein the first volume is at least 20 times larger than the secondary volume, wherein the stirrers in both volumes are able to handle viscosities above of or equal to 1000 mpas, including the steps of a.) loading the first volume of the vessel with an initial amount of polymer and optionally water and optionally alkaline; b.) heating the vessel externally to a target process temperature in the range of 80-300° C.; c.) operating the first stirrer in the first volume for at least half an hour at a speed of in the range of 10-100 rpm; d.) addition of water and optionally alkaline to the first volume; e.

Abstract: A mixing unit and various applications of the mixing unit are described herein. The mixing unit includes: a stacked member in which three or more mixing elements are stacked; and a first plate and a second plate between which the stacked member is sandwiched and which are arranged opposite each other. In the mixing unit, the mixing elements have a plurality of first through holes, the second plate has an opening portion communicating with at least one of the first through holes in the mixing elements and the mixing elements are arranged such that part or all of the first through holes in one of the mixing elements communicate with other first through holes in the adjacent mixing element to allow fluid to be passed in a direction in which the mixing elements extend.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optimized process and apparatus for more efficiently and economically carrying out the liquid-phase oxidation of an oxidizable compound. Such liquid-phase oxidation is carried out in a bubble column reactor that provides for a highly efficient reaction at relatively low temperatures. When the oxidized compound is para-xylene and the product from the oxidation reaction is crude terephthalic acid (CTA), such CTA product can be purified and separated by more economical techniques than could be employed if the CTA were formed by a conventional high-temperature oxidation process.

Abstract: An apparatus for the treatment of faeces, includes a tank (200) for housing faeces that has been subjected to treatment. There is a process vessel (202) in which the faeces is treated and which is located inside the tank (200) having an inlet (204) for feeding faeces into the process vessel (202). A rotary device (300) is provided for stirring the faeces in the process vessel (202) and for introducing oxygen into the faeces, which is operable in two modes of operation at different speeds of rotation. A partitioning member (212) separates the interior of the process vessel in a lower (216) and an upper (218) portion, while at the same time allowing communication between the lower and upper portions. The rotary device (300) is arranged to at least cause a suction of material mainly from the lower compartment in a first mode of operation and into the rotary device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for hydrating lime in a horizontally disposed vessel where adjacent oppositely rotating shafts have first sets of spaced blades extending coaxially with an axis of each shaft and an adjacent second set of blades extending to an angle to the longitudinal axis, the blades directing a mixture of quicklime and water upwardly into a space between the shafts and towards the cover, while forming hydrated lime.

Abstract: The system for reducing environmental pollutants according to the present invention comprises: a first water immersion tank for producing strongly alkaline water by receiving a supply of bottom ash, which has been created by and has been accumulated at the bottom of a combustion furnace, and reacting it with water accommodated on its inside; an elimination reaction tank which is provided on a combustion pathway extending from the combustion furnace, and which internally accommodates the strongly alkaline water supplied from the first water immersion tank, and which also eliminates carbon-based compounds contained in exhaust gases which are discharged through the combustion pathway; a sludge-storage tank for receiving and storing sludge which has been produced as a consequence of the elimination reaction within the elimination reaction tank; a first aggregate storage tank for receiving and storing bottom-ash aggregate remaining within the first water immersion tank after the neutralization which follows as a c

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactor and agitator useful in a high pressure process for making 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd) from the reaction of 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (240fa) and HF, wherein the agitator includes one or more of the following design improvements: (a) double mechanical seals with an inert barrier fluid or a single seal; (b) ceramics on the rotating faces of the seal; (c) ceramics on the static faces of seal; (d) wetted o-rings constructed of spring-energized Teflon and PTFE wedge or dynamic o-ring designs; and (e) wetted metal surfaces of the agitator constructed of a corrosion resistant alloy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pulverulent compounds of the formula NibM1cM2d(0)x(OH)y(SO4)z, a process for the preparation thereof and the use thereof as precursors for the preparation of active materials for lithium secondary batteries.

Abstract: An cleaning solution producing apparatus according to an embodiment includes: a mixing unit configured to produce a liquid mixture by mixing a hydrogen peroxide solution into an acidic or alkaline liquid, and to raise the pressure of the produced liquid mixture by use of an oxygen gas produced through the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide solution, or by use of vapor produced by heat of the reaction; and a bubble producing unit configured to produce multiple fine bubbles in the liquid mixture by releasing the pressure of the liquid mixture which is raised by the mixing unit.

Abstract: A biodiesel plant includes a loop-shaped reactor which circulates reactants, e.g., feed stock and a methanol catalyst mixture through mesh to mix the reactants and form crude biodiesel. The feed stock is preferably heated to about 200 to 210° F. After the reaction, methanol may be recovered. There may also be a tank for removal of glycerin from the crude biodiesel. In another embodiment, there is a method for reacting the feed stock and methanol catalyst mixture by circulating the reactants through a turbulence-creating path, such as by using mesh in the reactor.

Abstract: A concentrated acid treatment unit is composed of a reaction section and an agitation extraction section. A phenol sorped raw material obtained by defatting botanical resource-derived raw material by solvent to subject sorption phenols to sorption is introduced, thus obtaining mixed solution of phenol solution including a lignophenol derivative and concentrated acid solution including a cellulose hydrolysate. The reaction section agitates and mixes the phenol sorped raw material and concentrated acid to cause cellulose to be swollen to thereby convert lignin to lignophenol. A part of the cellulose is subjected to hydrolysis. The agitation extraction section receives the treated liquid sent from the reaction section and adds phenols for extraction thereto to cause lignophenol dispersed in the concentrated acid solution to be dissolved and extracted in phenols for extraction.

Abstract: A method and device for merging and mixing at least two separate and distinct fluid drops on a substrate, includes a drop merging area on the surface, where a first magnetic material is placed at a first location. A first drop of fluid is then placed at the first location on the surface, resulting in the first magnetic material being at least partially positioned within the first drop of fluid. A second drop of fluid is then placed at a second location on the surface of the drop merging area. A magnetic field is applied by a varying magnetic field generator to at least a portion of the drop merge area of the substrate, which includes at least the first location on the substrate. The varying magnetic field will act on the first magnetic material to move the first magnetic material within the first drop of fluid, causing a stirring of the fluid. A drop merging force from a drop merging mechanism is applied to at least one of the first drop of fluid and the second drop of fluid within the drop merge area.

Abstract: A method of reacting one or more components in a liquid phase to form an organic product, the method including feeding a carbon-based gas to a high shear device; feeding a hydrogen-based liquid medium to the high shear device; using the high shear device to form a dispersion comprising the carbon-based gas and the hydrogen-based liquid medium, wherein the dispersion comprises gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than about 5 ?m; introducing the dispersion into a reactor; and reacting the dispersion to produce the organic product.

Abstract: Equipment for treating a matter to be treated more stably and uniformly between approaching/receding treatment planes in a treatment section where at least one plane can rotate relatively to the other plane. Treatment is performed by introducing a first fluid containing a matter to be treated between the treatment planes, introducing a second fluid containing the matter to be treated between the treatment planes from a channel independent from the channel which introduced the first fluid and communicating with the space between the treatment planes and then mixing and stirring them between the treatment planes. The outlet portion of the channel introducing the second fluid to the space between the treatment planes is provided with a plurality of split channels.

Abstract: A cylindrical reactor has walls and a base, forming a chamber in which permanently manufactured micelle array nanoparticles may be manufactured. The reactor has a disk impeller inside the chamber which serves to mix reagents in the chamber and a collar which facilitates the mixing process. The reactor is effective to input an amount of energy to the mixed reagents such that particle coagulation is prevented but formation of PCMA nanoparticles is permitted. A method for manufacturing PCMA nanoparticles is disclosed. Reagents, beginning with prepared core particles, are stepwise added to a reactor and mixed. A high sheer mixing unit is used to input an amount of energy to the mixed reagents such that particle coagulation is prevented but formation of PCMA nanoparticles is permitted.

Abstract: A simple, biocompatible two-component system and procedure for generating nitric oxide (NO) is described. One component comprises sodium nitrite or other nitrite source, and the other component comprises a reductant, an acid and a base although in certain embodiments the reductant and acid functions are provided by the same component. When these two components are mixed directly at a local site of administration or immediately prior to application and the mixture generates nitric oxide (NO) for topical application. The activated system is therapeutic for treatment of multiple conditions, including promotion of healing, disinfection, promotion of hair growth, and treatment of male and female sexual dysfunction.

Abstract: A method and system for reducing corrosion in a turbomachine are provided. The method may include providing a process gas to a condenser, wherein the process gas contains a condensate having a pH level that is acidic. The condenser may be configured to remove at least a portion of the condensate from the process gas. Any condensate that is not removed is a remaining condensate. The method may further include increasing the pH level of the remaining condensate to above about 4 by mixing the process gas and the remaining condensate with an amount of pH modifier to form a mixture, and directing the mixture to a compressor coupled to the condenser, wherein the compressor is configured to compress the mixture.

Abstract: Reactors, reactor systems and methods for producing particles in a precipitation process are provided. The reactor includes a housing defining a reaction chamber, a stator assembly including two or more stators, a rotor assembly including two or more rotors, the rotor assembly configured for rotation about an axis of rotation relative to the stator assembly, a first inlet to supply a first reactant material to the reaction chamber at a first radial location, a second inlet to supply a second reactant material to the reaction chamber at a second radial location different from the first radial location, wherein the first and second reactant materials react to produce precipitation of particles in the reaction chamber, and an outlet to supply the particles formed in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A system for converting a first substance into a second substance, the system including a mixing reactor configured to provide a reactant mixture comprising a first reactant, a second reactant, and a solvent; and a high shear device fluidly connected to the mixing reactor, wherein the high shear device comprises at least one rotor/stator set comprising a rotor and a complementarily-shaped stator symmetrically positioned about an axis of rotation and separated by a shear gap, wherein the shear gap is in the range of from about 10 microns to about 250 microns; and a motor configured for rotating the rotor about the axis of rotation, whereby energy can be transferred from the rotor to the reactants thereby inducing reactions between the first reactant and the second reactant to form a product.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for treating organic waste to reduce treatment costs and period, enable environmentally friendly treatment without causing bad smell or waste water, and thereby prepare an organic combust with a high quality and a liquid fertilizer with a high concentration. The apparatus includes a sealable reaction vessel including an inlet through which an organic waste and a reactive additive are injected, an outlet through which a treated substance is discharged as reactive gas, a stirrer to stir contents of the reaction vessel, and a liquid fertilizer producer to condense the reactive gas discharged from the gas outlet with a cooling solution and thereby produce a liquid fertilizer, while gradually increasing the concentration of fertilizer components of the cooling solution.

Abstract: A system for producing enhanced wax alternatives, including a high shear device comprising a rotor and a stator, and configured to process petroleum wax and base oil with a hydrogen-containing gas under shearing conditions to form a feedstock, wherein at least one of the rotor and the stator comprises a toothed surface; and a reactor comprising a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet, and configured for hydrogenation of the feedstock for a time sufficient to produce enhanced hydrogenated products, wherein the high shear device is in fluid communication with the reactor, whereby the feedstock is transferable therebetween.

Abstract: A system for preparing silica aerogel powders. The system includes a material supplier, a mixer, a drier and a recoverer. The material supplier transmitting de-ionized water, water glass, an organosilane compound, an inorganic acid and at least one organic solvent. Some of organic solvents are mixed and transmitted to the mixer and tramining organic solvent is transmitted to the mixer. The mixer mixes the materials transmitted from the material supplier so as to generate silica hydrogel. The drier dries the silica hydrogel so as to generate silica aerogel powders. The recoverer recovers some vaporized materials of the materials used in the mixer and the drier.

Abstract: Polymerization process comprising the steps of: (a) reacting an aqueous suspension comprising initiator, vinyl chloride, and optionally one or more co-monomers in a continuous stirred tank reactor; and (b) further reacting the resulting suspension in at least one second reactor; wherein the conversion level of vinyl chloride in the continuous stirred tank reactor of step (a) is from 10 to 60 wt %.