Abstract: This invention relates to a process for purifying at least one of perfluoromethane and nitrogen trifluoride from a mixture thereof using an ionic liquid. The process may be performed by a technique such as extractive distillation or absorption wherein at least one ionic liquid is used as the entraining agent or absorbent, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reversible hydrogen storage, to a material for reversible hydrogen storage and to the use of the material for reversible hydrogen storage.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for producing gaseous nitrogen trifluoride comprising a dense texture with an average pore size of 0.5 ?m or less is provided. The carbon electrode contains a carbonaceous material, and 3 to 10 wt % of at least one selected from magnesium fluoride and aluminum fluoride which have a melting point not lower than the baking temperature of the carbonaceous material.

Abstract: An improved method for synthesizing a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst combines and sonicates aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of a first metal salt, such as Zn(OAc)2, of a second metal salt, such as CoCl2, and of an alkali metal cyanide, such as NaCN, to synthesize the DMC catalyst, Zn3[Co(CN)6]2. An improved method of producing a polyether polyol uses the DMC catalyst to produce the polyol.

Abstract: The invention provides an effective and efficient method of making a hexammine cobaltic salt, such as hexammine cobaltic nitrate, in a consistent fashion through the control of one or more selected parameters of manufacture. Specific parameters considered and evaluated as a part of the invention included: order of addition of reactants, reaction temperature, oxidation, air or oxidant flow, catalyst content, and amount of ammonia.

Abstract: An improved method for synthesizing a double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst includes combining a non-aqueous solution of a first metal salt, such as ZnBr2, with a non-aqueous solution of a second metal salt, such as CoBr2, and with a non-aqueous solution of an alkali metal cyanide, such as NaCN, in a single step to synthesize the DMC catalyst, Zn3[Co(CN)6]2.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing cyanuric chloride by trimerizing chlorocyan at a temperature of at least 250° C. on washed activated carbon as the catalyst. The service life of the catalyst can be improved by using an activated coal with an effective pore volume V eff of equal or greater 0.17 ml/g, with V eff being the result of pores with a pore diameter ranging from 0.5 to 7 nm.

Abstract: Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) containing less than 10 parts-per-million molar impurities, e.g., tetrafluoromethane (PFC-14), is disclosed. Azeotropic and extractive distillation processes using entraining agents for separating NF3 and PFC-14 from each other and from mixtures with other electronics industry materials are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of generating N(CF3)2 anions by reacting a metal fluoride of formula MFx with a compound of formula RFSO2N(CF3)2, (CF3)2N(SO2CF2)mSO2N(CF3)2 or RFCON(CF3)2. The invention further relates to the use of the N(CF3)2 anions as a reagent for the introduction of halogen or other organic groups into organic molecules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing nitrogen trifluoride. The method comprises contacting a fluorine-containing feed stream with liquid ammonium acid fluoride in a reaction zone for time and under conditions sufficient to produce nitrogen trifluoride. During the contacting step, the effective melt acidity value of the liquid ammonium acid fluoride is decreased and a reaction product stream is removed. In one embodiment, a gaseous mixture of elemental fluorine and hydrogen fluoride is contacted with a bulk liquid ammonium acid fluoride, such that the initial effective melt acidity value is greater than the melt acidity value of the bulk liquid ammonium acid fluoride in the reaction zone.

Abstract: Flowable cyanuric chloride containing hydrophilic silica as a flow auxiliary, the hydrophilic silica is a precipitated silica or silica gel having an average agglomerate diameter of less than 15 &mgr;m. Preferred products exhibit improved bulk density, reactivity and/or flowability properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ionically conductive material, to its preparation and to its uses. The material includes at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, chosen from the compounds (1/mM)+[(ZY)2N]−, (1/mM)+[(ZY)3C]− and (1/mM)+[(ZY)2CQ]−, in which Y denotes SO2 or POZ, Q denotes —H, —COZ or Z, each substituent Z independently denotes a fluorine atom or an optionally perfluorinated organic group which optionally contains at least one polymerizable functional group, at least one of the substituents Z denoting a fluorine atom, and M denotes a cation. Application to electrochemical generators, supercapacities, to the doping of polymers and to electrochromic devices.

Abstract: An ionically conductive material which contains at least one ionic compound in solution in an aprotic solvent, wherein the ionic compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulae (1/mM).sup.61 ((ZY)2N).sup..crclbar., (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.3 C).sup..crclbar., or (1/mM).sup..sym. ((ZY).sub.2 CQ).sup..crclbar., wherein M, Z, Y and Q are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high performance ceramics and methods for their production using supercritical temperatures and supercritical pressures. Furthermore, the present invention relates to high performance ceramics for use in the automobile industry.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining solid cyanuric chloride from a cyanuric chloride vapor obtained by the trimerization of cyanogen chloride, wherein the cyanuric chloride vapor is introduced into the upper part of a separation chamber in the center of many individual cold inert gas streams, the solid cyanuric chloride, after emergence thereof from the separation chamber, is separated from the inert gas stream by the action of centrifugal and gravitational force and the inert gas, together with a residual content of very finely crystalline cyanuric chloride, is returned, after cooling thereof, as part streams to the separation chamber.

Abstract: A process is described by which copper and optionally silver and gold are recovered from sulfide and oxide ores, concentrates or slag, which contain the metals. The particulate materials are treated with an aqueous solution of an alkali cyanide or alkaline earth cyanide, the laden solution is filtered, if desired, a water-soluble sulfide compound is added to the laden solution or filtered laden solution, the laden solution is subsequently adjusted to a pH value below 5 by an addition of acid to precipitate the metal sulfide, which is filtered off, and the resulting hydrocyanic acid is recovered. The process steps of precipitation and filtration of the metal sulfide and the recovery of the free hydrocyanic acid contained in the filtrate are carried out under superatmospheric pressure of 1.5 to 15 bars. The precipitation is preferably effected at a pH value of 1.5 to 2.0. The free hydrocyanic acid is recovered as alkali cyanide or alkaline earth cyanide and is recirculated to the leaching stage.

Abstract: A process for making fuming nitric acid involving the reacting of nitrogen dioxide gas with dry hydrogen chloride gas to produce the fuming nitric acid directly, and to produce as a co-product nitrosyl chloride gas; separating the formed liquid fuming nitric acid from the reaction gases and co-product gas; and stripping the liquid product and demisting the gaseous product to complete their separation.

Abstract: An aromatic solution of the compound CuAl(CN)Cl.sub.3 alone or with additional solid CuAl(CN)Cl.sub.3 is used for the separation of some unsaturated compound (olefin, acetylene or carbon monoxide) from a feedstream.The feedstream is contacted with the solvent to form a complex of the ligand (olefin, acetylene or carbon monoxide). The feedstream is then separated from the solvent. The solvent is then treated with some combination of heat and lowered pressure to separate the ligand from the solvent. The ligand poor solvent is then recycled to contact fresh feedstream.

Abstract: To obtain a cyanogen chloride which is practically free from water and preferably also free from hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride and organic compounds, the crude cyanogen chloride is fractionally distilled. The return is led in countercurrent flow to the crude gas, thereby takes up the impurities and is further evaporated in the lower portion of the column, respectively in a special apparatus, by a liquid whose temperature is higher than the boiling temperature of cyanogen chloride. Thereby this liquid also takes up the impurities. The purification action is aided by a wash for the crude cyanogen chloride connected in series before it enters the fractionating column. It is very advantageous to combine the process with a plant for the production of cyanogen chloride.

Abstract: A single-step process is disclosed for purifying raw cyanogen chloride gas contaminated with chlorine by fractionally separating chlorine from cyanogen chloride and thereafter absorbing essentially chlorine-free cyanogen chloride in a solvent.

Abstract: Process for producing cyanogen chloride by reacting hydrocyanic acid and chlorine in a non-aqueous and/or hygroscopic inorganic solvent.

Abstract: A fabric bleaching composition is provided which consists essentially of water and a bleach selected from the group consisting of disodium chloroimidodisulfate, dipotassium chloroimidodisulfate and mixtures thereof. The fabric bleaching composition can also contain a detergent, a buffering agent and other ingredients in a detergent formulation. The fabric bleaching composition is intermediate in strength between peroxide-type fabric bleaches and alkali metal hypochlorite fabric bleaches.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for preparing cyanogen chloride by reacting chlorine and hydrogen cyanide in a manganous chloride-containing aqueous medium to form gaseous cyanogen chloride and dissolved hydrogen chloride and to the subsequent conversion of the hydrogen chloride to chlorine employing manganese dioxide and nitric acid as cyclic reagents.

Abstract: Cyanogen chloride or cyanogen bromide is prepared by reaction of hydrogen cyanide with hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid (or hydrogen bromide or hydrobromic acid) and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous medium in the presence of cupric and ferric ions under superatmospheric pressure, preferably between 1.5 and 16 bar, and the cyanogen chloride (or cyanogen bromide) recovered separated from oxygen and nitrogen. In a preferred form of the invention, the hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid is either partially or entirely formed directly in the recycling catalyst solution of cupric and ferric ions by reaction of chlorine and hydrogen cyanide, either with or without pressure.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of gaseous cyanogen chloride by a procedure involving reaction of hydrogen cyanide with chlorine in the presence of water with formation of hydrogen chloride as a by-product at a concentration of about 10 to 25% by weight and further involving converting by chlorination ammonium chloride, formed through acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cyanogen chloride and admixed with the hydrogen chloride by-product, to nitrogen trichloride under pressure and at elevated temperature and decomposing the nitrogen trichloride to nitrogen and chlorine thermally or by U.V. radiation.

Abstract: Cyanogen halides, particularly cyanogen bromide and cyanogen chloride, are prepared in an electrolysis cell with cathode and anode chambers separated by a semi-permeable diaphragm, by reacting halide ions with hydrogen cyanide or a salt thereof in the anode chamber by means of a direct current, the pH value of the reactant in the anode chamber being lower than 4.

Abstract: A method for making cyanogen chloride which comprises passing an approximately equimolar mixture of dicyan and chlorine over a charcoal catalyst at a temperature between 500.degree.C. and 950.degree.C. at a space velocity between 1000 and 10000 liters, measured at room temperature, per liter of catalyst and per hour.

Abstract: Cyanogen chloride and hydrogen chloride are produced by reacting hydrogen cyanide and chlorine, separating from the gaseous mixture on the one hand hydrogen chloride and on the other hand cyanogen chloride which in a given case can also contain chlorine, by absorption in a halohydrocarbon which has a boiling point between that of cyanogen chloride and cyanuric chloride and after distillative separation of the dissolved cyanogen chloride-chlorine mixture returning the solvent to the absorption column, the process includesA. adding as the solvent for the absorption a trifluoromethyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbon or halohydrocarbon or a mixture of such trifluoromethyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons or halohydrocarbons,B.

Abstract: Ternary compositions in the system MAg(CN).sub.2 --MI--AgI wherein M may be potassium or rubidium or mixtures thereof have good ionic conductivity. Eutectic compositions in the molar proportions KAg(CN).sub.2 --3KI--5AgI and RbAg(CN).sub.2 --5.4RbI--9.6AgI exist and make preparation of compositions in the system possible at temperatures generally below about 250.degree.C.

Abstract: Cyanogen chloride is purified and the service life of activated carbon is increased in the subsequent trimerization of the cyanogen chloride to cyanuric chloride by process comprising reacting hydrogen cyanide with chlorine, in a given case in the presence of cyanogen chloride produced in the presence of water, which in a given case contains chlorine. The improvement comprises passing the cyanogen chloride over granular gamma aluminum oxide with an alkali metal or in a given case an alkaline earth metal content of 0 to 3 weight % at 20.degree.-100.degree.C., preferably 30.degree.-60.degree.C.

Abstract: Cyanogen chloride is purified and the service life of activated carbon is increased in the subsequent trimerization of the cyanogen chloride to cyanuric chloride by process comprising reacting hydrogen cyanide with chlorine, in a given case in the presence of cyanogen chloride produced in the presence of water, which in a given case contains chlorine. The improvement comprises passing the cyanogen chloride over granular commercial sodium aluminum silicate or a molecular sieve of the mordenite type, at 20.degree.-100.degree.C., preferably 30.degree.-60.degree.C.

Abstract: Production of cyanogen chloride by reacting hydrogen cyanide and chlorine in the gaseous phase in the presence of a low activity carbon catalyst.