Abstract: An intermediate transfer media, such as a belt, that includes a fluorinated nano diamond.

Abstract: A silicon carbide-based porous article comprising silicon carbide particles as an aggregate, metallic silicon and an aggregate derived from siliceous inorganic particles to form pores through volume shrinkage by heat treatment, wherein the porosity is 45 to 70%, and the average pore diameter is 10 to 20 ?m is provided. Also provided is a method for producing a silicon carbide-based porous article, comprising; adding inorganic particles to form pores through volume shrinkage by heat treatment to a raw-material mixture containing silicon carbide particles and metallic silicon, then forming into an intended shape, calcinating and firing the resultant green body, forming pores through volume shrinkage of the inorganic particles by heat treatment, and the shrunk inorganic particles being present as an aggregate in the porous article.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing silicon carbide including reacting, in a temperature range of 370 to 800° C., (A) one selected from the group consisting of an alloy containing at least an Si element and one or more kinds of transition metal elements, a mixture containing metal silicon powder and transition metal powder, and a mixture of metal silicon powder and a transition metal compound with (B) one or more kinds of substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of a chain saturated hydrocarbon, a chain unsaturated hydrocarbon, a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon, an alcohol, and an aromatic hydrocarbon. The manufacturing method can provide a sufficient conversion ratio from raw materials at low temperatures and powdery silicon carbide having a small particle size and small amounts of impurities.

Abstract: A method for making a carbon composite material, the method including providing a 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate-metal complex in a vessel, putting the vessel carrying the 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate-metal complex into an environment with a protective gas therein, and heating the 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate-metal complex to a temperature in a range from about 500° C. to about 1300° C.

Abstract: Thermally stable diamond-bonded compacts include a diamond-bonded body having a thermally stable region extending a distance below a diamond-bonded body surface. The thermally stable region comprises a matrix first phase of bonded together diamond crystals, and a second phase interposed within the matrix phase. At least some population of the second phase comprises a reaction product formed between an infiltrant material and the diamond crystals at high pressure/high temperature conditions. The diamond bonded body further includes a polycrystalline diamond region that extends a depth from the thermally stable region and has a microstructure comprising a polycrystalline diamond matrix phase and a catalyst material disposed within interstitial regions of the matrix phase. The compact includes a substrate attached to the diamond-bonded body.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 ?cm or more, and a semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 ?cm or more and vacancy pairs (bivacancies), and an semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 ?cm or more and containing a crystal region where a position average lifetime becomes a lifetime longer than 155 ps in measurement of position lifetime at a liquid nitrogen boiling point temperature (77K) or less, and wafer obtained therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention is a method comprising a direct chirality-selective nucleation and synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes from carbon-containing gases using catalytic nanoparticles of uniform size heated by ultra-short laser pulses of selected frequency to temperatures sufficient for carbon nanotube nucleation and synthesis.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for capturing, separating, transforming, and sequestering carbon wherein said apparatus dissociates a carbon containing feedstock material and reacts the resulting gases with a system-produced brine to create four products: 1) a sodium based carbonate or bicarbonate, 2) ammonium chloride, 3) fresh water, and 4) a multi-purpose building material. End product (1) may be sequestered in any of several ways for durable and long term storage. End product (2) may be used for nutrient enrichment. End products (3) and (4) may be distributed to human populations.

Abstract: Provided are a transparent electroconductive thin film of single-walled carbon nanotubes and its production method capable of further enhancing the electroconductivity and the light transmittance of the film and capable of simplifying the thin film formation process. The method comprises: dispersing single-walled carbon nanotubes of mixed metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (m-SWNTs) and semiconductor single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs) in an amine solution containing an amine having a boiling point of from 20 to 400° C. as a dispersant; centrifuging or filtering the resulting dispersion to concentrate m-SWNTs, thereby giving a dispersion rich in m-SWNTs; and applying the resulting dispersion rich in m-SWNTs onto a substrate to form a thin film thereon.

Abstract: Provided are a silicon carbide-based porous article comprising silicon carbide particles as an aggregate, metallic silicon and an aggregate derived from organometallic compound particles to form pores through volume shrinkage due to decomposition/conversion by heat treatment; and a method for producing the silicon carbide-based porous article, comprising, adding organometallic compound particles to form pores through volume shrinkage due to decomposition/conversion by heat treatment to a raw-material mixture containing silicon carbide particles and metallic silicon, then forming into an intended shape, calcinating and/or firing the resultant green body, forming pores through volume shrinkage due to decomposition/conversion of the organometallic compound particles, and the decomposed/converted substance of the organometallic compound particles being present as an aggregate in the porous article.

Abstract: A thermal spraying powder contains 30 to 50% by mass of chromium carbide with the remainder being an alloy containing chromium, aluminum, yttrium, and at least one of cobalt and nickel. The thermal spraying powder has an average particle size of 20 to 60 ?m. The thermal spraying powder may contain 20% by mass or less of yttrium oxide in place of a part of the alloy. A thermal spray coating obtained by thermal spraying of the thermal spraying powder, particularly, a thermal spray coating obtained by high-velocity flame spraying of the thermal spraying powder is suitable for the purpose of a hearth roll.

Abstract: Single-walled carbon nanotube transistor devices, and associated methods of making such devices include a porous structure for the single-walled carbon nanotubes. The porous structure may be anodized aluminum oxide or another material. Electrodes for source and drain of a transistor are provided at opposite ends of the single-walled carbon nanotube devices. A concentric gate surrounds at least a portion of a nanotube in a pore. A transistor of the invention may be especially suited for power transistor or power amplifier applications.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from polymeric powder and metallic precursor powder starting materials is disclosed. In certain embodiments, the polymeric powder may comprise polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyester, polybutylene, nylon, polymethylpentene and the like. The metal precursor powder may comprise pure metals, metal alloys, intermetallics and/or metal-containing compounds such as metal oxides and nitrides. In one embodiment, the metal precursor powder comprises a silicon-containing material, and the ultrafine powders comprise SiC. The polymeric and metal precursor powders are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the feed materials react to form metal carbides in the form of ultrafine particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing nanoparticles of at least one oxide of a transition metal selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb and Ta, which are coated with amorphous carbon, wherein said method includes the following successive steps: (i) a liquid mixture containing as precursors at least one alkoxyde of the transition metal, an alcohol, and an acetic acid relative to the transition metal is prepared and diluted in water in order to form an aqueous solution, the precursors being present in the solution according to a molar ratio such that it prevents or sufficiently limits the formation of a sol so that the aqueous solution can be freeze-dried, and such that the transition metal, the carbon and the oxygen are present in a stoichiometric ratio according to which they are included in the nanoparticles; (ii) the aqueous solution is freeze-dried; (ii) the freeze-dried product obtained during the preceding step is submitted to pyrolysis under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere in order to obtain the nano

Abstract: A composite anode active material including metal core particles and carbon nanotubes that are covalently bound to the metal core particles, an anode including the composite anode active material, a lithium battery employing the anode, and a method of preparing the composite anode active material.

Abstract: A process for substantially removing carbonaceous material from a composition comprising providing the composition having carbonaceous material, reacting the carbonaceous material with a sulfur compound, and forming products having carbon and sulfur, and the resulting composition and system used therefore.

Abstract: Provided is a method of electrophoresis of carbon nanotube for separating them into metallic carbon nanotubes and semiconducting carbon nanotubes, and the method comprises a step of electrifying a carbon nanotube sealed gel in which carbon nanotubes are dispersed in a gel. According to the separation method, metallic CNT and semiconducting CNT may be efficiently and heavily separated and purified from each other in CNT containing both the two within a short period of time and in a simplified manner by the use of inexpensive facilities and according to a simple process, and the method can be readily scaled up, in which CNT can be separated industrially extremely advantageously.

Abstract: A method is disclosed whereby a functional nanomaterial such as a monolayer carbon nanotube, a monolayer boron nitride nanotube, a monolayer silicon carbide nanotube, a multilayer carbon nanotube with the number of layers controlled, a multilayer boron nitride nanotube with the number of layers controlled, a multilayer silicon carbide nanotube with the number of layers controlled, a metal containing fullerene, and a metal containing fullerene with the number of layers controlled is produced at a high yield. According to the method, when a multilayer carbon nanotube (3) is formed by a chemical vapor deposition or a liquid phase growth process, an endothermic reaction aid (H2S) is introduced in addition to a primary reactant (CH4, H2) in the process to form a monolayer carbon nanotube (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the generation of electrical energy and byproducts from the gasification of biomass and/or environmental waste materials. Environmental waste and/or renewable biomass is processed by three separate stages of gasification. The first stage is a pyrolysis chamber with firebox which gasifies solid material into gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon compounds at temperatures below 800 F. The second stage is a fixed bed chamber gasifier which produces the acetylene and hydrogen gases at approximately 1400 F. The third stage is a high temperature reactor which produces molten calcium carbide at 3500 F. Various solid, liquid, and gaseous byproducts are produced along the way. The second stage gases include carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, acetylene and other biogases which are used to generate electricity in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing metal carbide including: applying physical force to a mixture of metal or metal oxide with carbonaceous material to provide a hybrid particle in which the carbonaceous material is filled inside the metal or metal oxide, or the carbonaceous material is coated onto the surface of the metal or metal oxide or the metal or metal oxide is filled inside the carbonaceous material, or the metal or metal oxide is coated onto the surface of the carbonaceous material and heating the hybrid particle; and a metal carbide prepared therefrom.

Abstract: Fullerene-capped Group IV nanoparticles, materials and devices made from the nanoparticles, and methods for making the nanoparticles are provided. The fullerene-capped Group IV nanoparticles have enhanced electron transporting properties and are well-suited for use in photovoltaic, electronics, and solid-state lighting applications.

Abstract: The present invention allows the relatively easy production of binary and ternary compounds of metals, including noble metals. Embodiments of the invention allow, for the first time, the production of novel compositions of metal compounds, such as thick, stress-free single-phase binary and ternary compositions of metals, and porous compositions of such compounds. As such, the present invention allows for the production of metal compounds and/or compositions of matter thereof that have not before been possible, thereby providing for important new materials that find use in a multitude of different applications, including medical device and non-medical device applications.

Abstract: A fluid bed apparatus module (1) comprises an outer wall enclosing a processing chamber (9) and has a lower flange connection (4) and an upper flange connection (5), the lower flange connection being adapted to connection with a flange connection (14) of a supply of fluidising gas, and the upper flange connection being adapted to connection with a flange connection (17) of a filter chamber (18) for gas discharge. At least one partition element (6) is arranged in the processing chamber, so that at least one elongated channel is formed in the processing chamber, thereby defining a plug-flow area, and at least one substantially continuous product inlet (10) and at least one substantially continuous product outlet (11) are arranged in the module. Furthermore, a method comprises changing a first module for a second module in a fluid bed apparatus.

Abstract: An electrically conductive coating composition is provided for use on aircraft and other substrate surfaces to prevent the formation of ice or to melt ice. The conductive coating composition may include a nanomaterial such as carbon nanotubes dispersed in a solvent which may be applied to a substrate surface to form a thin film which is resistively heatable. The conductive coating may also comprise a nanomaterial formed from carbon nanotubes or fullerenes grafted to a polymer containing an active functional group which renders a substrate surface icephobic and is also resistively heatable.

Abstract: A method for the individualization of a metallic material by means of a carbon-containing basic material of organic origin is proposed. The novel method makes it possible to produce individualized ornamental alloys and individualized symbolic articles, such as pieces of jewelry, in a first step a carbon-containing organic basic material, which originates from at least one specific clearly identifiable person or a clearly identifiable group of persons, being converted into a carbonized initial material, and, in a second step, a physical and chemical incorporation of at least a fraction of the carbonized initial material into the metallic material taking place. The novel method and the novel ornamental alloys make it possible to produce symbolic articles with a direct material or substantive relation to a desired person by simple means, without creative freedom being restricted.

Abstract: A method for producing ultrafine metal carbide particles and hydrogen is disclosed. The method includes introducing a metal-containing precursor and a carbon-containing precursor into a thermal reaction chamber, heating the precursors in the thermal reaction chamber to form the ultrafine metal carbide particles from the precursors and to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen, collecting the ultrafine doped metal carbide particles, converting at least a portion of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and generating additional hydrogen, and recovering at least a portion of the hydrogen.

Abstract: The fullerenic structures include fullerenes having molecular weights less than that of C60 with the exception of C36 and fullerenes having molecular weights greater than C60. Examples include fullerenes C50, C58, C130, and C176. Fullerenic structure chemically bonded to a carbon surface is also disclosed along with a method for tethering fullerenes to a carbon material. The method includes adding functionalized fullerene to a liquid suspension containing carbon material, drying the suspension to produce a powder, and heat treating the powder.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method of producing metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes by treatment of carbon nanotube producing catalysts to obtain the desired catalyst particle size to produce predominantly metallic single wall carbon nanotubes. The treatment of the carbon nanotube producing catalyst particles involves contacting the catalyst particles with a mixture of an inert gas, like He, a reductant, such as H2, and an adsorbate, like water, at an elevated temperature range, for example, at 500° C. to 860° C., for a sufficient time to obtain the catalyst particle size. In some of the present methods, the preferential growth of nanotubes with metallic conductivity of up to 91% has been demonstrated.

Abstract: A method of producing a carbon-based material having an activated surface includes: (a) mixing an elastomer and a carbon material, and dispersing the carbon material by applying a shear force to obtain a composite elastomer; and (b) heat-treating the composite elastomer at a temperature for vaporising an elastomer to vaporize the elastomer in the composite elastomer.

Abstract: Provided are a graphite material, which has excellent bonding characteristics to semiconductor and efficiently dissipates heat generated from the semiconductor, and a method for manufacturing such material. The graphite material is provided by adding at least two kinds of elements selected from among silicon, zirconium, calcium, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, calcium, yttrium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium and compounds containing such elements, and by performing heat treatment. The graphite material is characterized in having a thickness of the 112 face of the graphite crystal of 15 nm or more by X-ray diffraction, and an average heat conductivity of 250 W/(m·K) or more in the three directions of the X, Y and Z axes.

Abstract: Disclosed are several different processes that can be utilized to prepare endohedral metallofullerenes with specific characteristics. Processes can be utilized to prepare monoadducts including cycloaddition of functional groups to the [6,6] double bond of a pyrene-type site of the fullerene. Also disclosed are simple, economical methods for separating fullerene isomers based upon the different oxidation potentials of the isomers.

Abstract: Methods for the production of monometal carbides are disclosed. A metal source and a carbon source are reacted under conditions suitable to produce a reaction product. The reaction product may comprise fully carburized monometal carbide and excess carbon, or an intermediate product comprising partially carburized monometal carbide in the presence or absence of excess carbon. The carbon content in the reaction product may then be adjusted in a controlled removal or addition process to produce a product the fully carburized monometal carbide having near stoichiometric carbon.

Abstract: A pillar-shaped honeycomb structure has a plurality of cells longitudinally placed in parallel with one another with a wall portion therebetween, wherein the honeycomb structure mainly includes inorganic fibers which form the honeycomb structure without lamination interfaces.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward methods of selectively functionalizing carbon nanotubes of a specific type or range of types, based on their electronic properties, using diazonium chemistry. The present invention is also directed toward methods of separating carbon nanotubes into populations of specific types or range(s) of types via selective functionalization and electrophoresis, and also to the novel compositions generated by such separations.

Abstract: Disclosed are carbon nitride (C1-xNx) nanotubes with nano-sized pores on their stems, their preparation method and control method of size and quantity of pores thereof. The present invention further has an object of providing the C1-xNx nanotube with pores having the size of not more than 1 nm over structure of the nanotube and a method for preparing the same. Another object of the present invention is to provide the control method of the size and quantity of pores with size of not more than 1 nm in the preparation of the C1-xNx nanotube with the pores over structure of the nanotube. The present invention can produce the C1-xNx nanotube with nano-sized pores by reacting hydrocarbon gas and nitrogen gas through plasma CVD in the presence of metal catalyst particles, wherein x ranges from 0.001 to 0.2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming an Al—C covalent bond between aluminum and a carbon material by applying an electric arc to a mixture of the aluminum and the carbon material under vacuum, heated and pressurized conditions. In order to enhance the reactivity of the carbon material, the method may include the step of introducing defects in the carbon material and thus functionalizing the carbon material by treating the carbon material with acid, a microwave, or plasma.

Abstract: The invention provides devices and methods for end and side derivatization of carbon nanotubes. Also facile methods to attach moieties and nanoparticles on the side walls and both ends are described. The invention provides hybide materials for analytical, and optoelectronic purposes as well as materials applications. Materials have improved properties in the areas of tensile, electrical and thermal conductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition, in particular a dispersion, which contains nanofiber material in at least one organic matrix component, said nanofiber material being pre-treated in at least one method step for adjusting the physical properties of the composition.

Abstract: In order to isolate and purify an endohedral fullerene, a solvent washing was performed using toluene to concentrate the endohedral fullerene in a residual, but endohedral fullerene could not be efficiently purified because impurities other than the endohedral fullerene could not be sufficiently removed. Thus, the endohedral fullerene is isolated and purified by using a solvent such as chloronaphthalene or tetralin having a high solubility for the endohedral fullerene and concentrating the endohedral fullerene in the solvent. The endohedral fullerene isolated and purified by solvent extraction has a cluster structure where the endohedral fullerene is surrounded with empty fullerenes. Thus, this endohedral fullerene is highly stable and is a useful material applicable to various fields such as medical care and electronics.

Abstract: There is provided a fluorine storage material comprising a novel fluorinated carbon nanohorn, which stores a large amount of fluorine per its unit mass, withstand repeated use for fluorine storage, and enables a high purity fluorine gas to be taken out by a safe and efficient method, and also there is provided a method of taking out a fluorine gas by applying heat to the fluorine storage material or placing the fluorine storage material in a pressure-reduced atmosphere.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for purifying WF6 gas by using carbonaceous materials are described. The apparatus and methods are particularly useful for removing high volatility impurities and for removing transition metal impurities, particularly chromium and molybdenum.

Abstract: Various methods related to the preparation of transparent electrical conductors based on carbon nanotubes having enhanced optical and electrical properties are disclosed. In some embodiments, the methods involve employing carbon nanotubes that have been presorted according to electronic type and/or optical absorbance for use in transparent electrical conductors. Other embodiments involve use of carbon nanotube bundles that have been pre-sorted according to bundle density.

Abstract: A continuous process for the conversion of biomass to form a chemical feedstock is described. The biomass and an exogenous metal oxide, preferably calcium oxide, or metal oxide precursor are continuously fed into a reaction chamber that is operated at a temperature of at least 1400° C. to form reaction products including metal carbide. The metal oxide or metal oxide precursor is capable of forming a hydrolizable metal carbide. The reaction products are quenched to a temperature of 800° C. or less. The resulting metal carbide is separated from the reaction products or, alternatively, when quenched with water, hydolyzed to provide a recoverable hydrocarbon gas feedstock.

Abstract: This invention relates to ?-SiC foam parts with a specific surface area preferably equal to at least 5 m2/g and with at least two zones A and B with a different cellular porosity distribution, wherein the parts were made by chemical transformation of a porous precursor medium comprising at least two blocks A? and B?, each having a different cellular porosity distribution, and in that the at least two zones A and B are derived from the chemical transformation of the two blocks A? and B?. This foam, optionally after deposition of an active layer, may be used as a filter medium in cartridges designed for the purification of exhaust gases. The invention also relates to manufacturing processes for preparing such a filter medium.

Abstract: A silicon carbide-based porous material characterized by comprising silicon carbide particles as an aggregate, metallic silicon and an oxide phase containing Si, Al and an alkaline earth metal; it is high in porosity and strength and superior in oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance and, when used as a filter, is very low in risk of having defects such as cuts (which cause leakage of fluid) and the like, as well as in pressure loss.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from solid metal carbide and nitrogen-containing material is disclosed. The starting materials are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the solid metal carbide is melted and/or vaporized in the presence of nitrogen to form ultrafine metal carbide particles of high purity.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a diamond composite, includes: a) mixing diamonds with additives, the mixture comprising at least 50 wt % and less than 95 wt % of diamonds and more than 5 wt % additives; b) forming a work piece from the mixture using a pressure of at least 100 Mpa; c) heating the formed work piece to at least 300° C. for removing possible water and wholly or partially removing additives; d) heating the work piece and controlling the heating temperature and heating time so that a certain desired amount of graphite is created by graphitization of diamonds, wherein the amount of graphite created by graphitization is 3-50 wt % of the amount of diamond; e) infiltrating silicon or silicon alloy into the work piece.

Abstract: Semiconductor carbon nanotubes functionalized by hydrogen and a method for fabricating the same, wherein the functional hydrogenated semiconductor carbon nanotubes have chemical bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms. The semiconductor carbon nanotube fabricating method includes heating carbon nanotubes in a vacuum, dissociating hydrogen molecules in hydrogen gas into hydrogen atoms, and exposing the carbon nanotubes to the hydrogen gas to form chemical bonds between carbon atoms of the carbon nanotubes and the hydrogen atoms. The conversion of metallic carbon nanotubes into semiconductor nanotubes and of semiconductor nanotubes having a relatively narrow energy bandgap into semiconductor nanotubes having a relative wide energy bandgap can be achieved using the method. The functional hydrogenated semiconductor carbon nanotubes may be applied and used in, for example, electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, and energy storage.

Abstract: The production of ultrafine metal carbide powders from polymeric powder and metallic precursor powder starting materials is disclosed. In certain embodiments, the polymeric powder may comprise polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyester, polybutylene, nylon, polymethylpentene and the like. The metal precursor powder may comprise pure metals, metal alloys, intermetallics and/or metal-containing compounds such as metal oxides and nitrides. In one embodiment, the metal precursor powder comprises a silicon-containing material, and the ultrafine powders comprise SiC. The polymeric and metal precursor powders are fed together or separately to a plasma system where the feed materials react to form metal carbides in the form of ultrafine particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of synthesizing high-temperature melting materials. More specifically the invention relates to a containerless method of synthesizing very high temperature melting materials such as carbides and transition-metal, lanthanide and actinide oxides, using an aerodynamic levitator and a laser. The object of the invention is to provide a method for synthesizing extremely high-temperature melting materials that are otherwise difficult to produce, without the use of containers, allowing the manipulation of the phase (amorphous/crystalline/metastable) and permitting changes of the environment such as different gaseous compositions.