Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for treatment of abnormal conditions in a subject, wherein the abnormal condition affects the musculoskeletal joints of the subject.

Abstract: The disclosure generally describes methods of preventing or treating ophthalmic diseases or conditions in a mammalian subject, such as diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, retinal degeneration, and oxygen-induced retinopathy. The methods comprise administering an effective amount of an aromatic-cationic peptide to subjects in need thereof.

Abstract: Two-phase preparation for temporally gradual administration comprising a) a phase (A) comprising water soluble vitamins and/or the corresponding provitamins, wherein phase (A) does not contain liposoluble vitamins or provitamins corresponding to liposoluble vitamins, b) a phase (B) comprising vitamins and/or the corresponding provitamins, wherein the quantity of liposoluble vitamin compounds is larger than the quantity of water soluble vitamin compounds.

Abstract: Nutritional compositions, formulations, and intermediates are provided which may be utilized to formulate various sweeteners and other products. The formulations described herein are made from constituents found in soils or fossilized soils.

Abstract: A product and method for administering daily micronutrient requirements (DMRs) comprising vitamins, minerals and essential fatty acids targeted to reduce appetite and/or the risks associated with aging and associated cognitive impairment. The DMRs are administered to individuals via food products. In an embodiment of the present invention, the DMRs are offered in the form of a health bar, smoothie, or drink. The DMRs may be incorporated into other forms without departing from the scope of the present invention. By way of illustration and not as a limitation, the constituents may be incorporated into a fruit or yogurt “smoothie,” a frozen desert such as an ice cream or sorbet, and a beverage.

Abstract: Pregnane glycoside or a Caralluma extract including the pregnane glycoside of the present invention can be used for medical purposes and as food additives, such as a treatment of obesity, a reduction of blood glucose, a reduction of blood pressure, a reduction in hip, waist and arm circumferences, a reduction of fat, increase of BMR, a decrease of BMI, an increase of lean body mass, an appetite-suppression and a reduction/elimination of joint pain, anti-aging, a treatment for falling sex drive, the treatment for impotency and an erectile dysfunction, and an enhancement of energy levels.

Abstract: The invention proposes the sure of reduced glutathione in a liposome (liposomal reduced glutathione) for the oral administration of a therapeutically effective amount to ameliorate the progression of vascular disease, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, narrowing of arteries leading to decreased blood flow, ischemic events, and the formation of blood clots, abnormal platelet aggregation, and thrombotic events, by reducing the amount and effect of oxidized cholesterol, oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL. The invention also proposes combining liposomal encapsulated glutathione with statin drugs to improve the effect of lowering not only cholesterol but also the oxidized cholesterol as well as oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL. The invention also proposes combining liposomal encapsulated glutathione with CoQ10 as a therapy for vascular disease and management of side effects of statin therapy.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating HIV patients by administering to the patient a nutrient composition and at least one anti-retrovial drug. The method results in an increase in the patient's CD4+ cell count by at least 25% during a treatment period. The nutrient composition includes alpha lipoic acid; acetyl L-carnitine; N-acetyl-cysteine; zinc; selenium; vitamin C; bioflavinoid complex; vitamin E; one or more antioxidants selected from co-enzyme Q10 and glutathione; and one or more vitamins or minerals selected from beta-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, folic acid, vitamin B12, copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical formulation containing an angiotensin-II receptor blocker and a release-control material as a pharmacologically active ingredient and a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an immediate-release compartment and an extended-release compartment. The immediate-release compartment contains an agent as a pharmacologically active ingredient for preventing and inhibiting hepatitis and the extended-release compartment has an angiotensin-II receptor blocker as a pharmacologically active ingredient. The formulation of the present invention maximizes the effectiveness on pharmacologically and clinically lowering blood pressure and preventing complications when taking the formulation, helps to avoid interaction with a drug which is metabolized by the same enzyme in the liver, and prevents and inhibits the incidence of drug-induced hepatitis which is caused by drug administration for a long time.

Abstract: Goniochromatic/light reflecting cosmetic compositions well suited for making up the skin, lips, hair or integuments, contain (a) at least one goniochromatic coloring agent and (b) an amount of light reflective particles different from said at least one goniochromatic coloring agent and selected from the group consisting of (i) particles of a natural or synthetic substrate at least partially coated with at least one layer of at least one metal, (ii) particles of a synthetic substrate at least partially coated with at least one layer of at least one metallic compound, (iii) particles which comprise a stack of at least two layers of materials having different refractive indices, at least one of such layers optionally comprising a polymer, and (iv) metal oxide particles, formulated into (c) a topically applicable, physiologically acceptable medium therefor.

Abstract: An filamentous fungi is disclosed with a naturally vitamin D enriched nutritional profile. These enriched mushrooms were shown to have a synergistic effect on longevity of subjects with both a normal and nutritionally deficient diets, improved tolerance to oxidative stress, and increased longevity in a Alzheimer's disease model. Surprisingly, vitamin D2 and D3 fed alone or in combination with nonenriched mushrooms did not produce similar effects.

Abstract: The invention presents nutritional supplements with anti influenza activities. In a preferred embodiment, the invention features administration to a subject an effective dose of a nutritional supplement that includes a combination of all or some of the following ingredients licorice, quercetin, green tea, cinnamon, propolis, and selenium.

Abstract: A method for treating age related macular degeneration uses insulin preparation applied topically in a therapeutically effective amount to an affected conjunctival sac of the eye. The topically effective dose is delivered to the fovea centralis and macula lutea. In other embodiments, additional therapeutic, pharmaceutical, biochemical, nutriceutical, biological (monoclonal antibodies and others) agent or compound, and organic and inorganic agents are also applied to the afflicted site through the conjunctival sac and choroidal vascular system of the eye. IGF-1 may be applied as well with or without insulin to treat ARMD.

Abstract: Described herein are microneedle drug delivery systems comprising a pharmaceutical compositions comprising pharmaceutically active agents (e.g., cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol) and microneedle arrays suitable for local and systemic delivery of the active agent to a mammal. Also described herein are methods of using a microneedle transdermal or topical drug delivery systems comprising pharmaceutical compositions, comprising cannabidiol and prodrugs of cannabidiol, and microneedle arrays in the treatment disease, including pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.

Abstract: The use of selenite- or selenate-containing preparations supplemented with pharmaceutically acceptable or food-compatible acids for the preparation of an agent intended for topical or buccal application or mucosal administration is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diagnostic method of determining whether a subject, preferably an obese subject, is at risk of developing type 2 diabetes or diabetic complications, which method comprises detecting the presence of an alteration in the EEFSEC gene locus in a biological sample of said subject.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compound and methods for use by an individual attempting to reduce or cease tobacco smoking or one exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. The compound includes a first component blocking nicotine receptor sites to reduce nicotine cravings or withdrawal symptoms, a second component increasing serotonin levels and acting synergistically with the first component to reduce nicotine cravings or withdrawal symptoms, assisting in maintaining body weight and reducing increased stress and anxiety, and a third component acting synergistically with the first and/or second component to reduce nicotine cravings or withdrawal symptoms, maintain body weight, and/or reduce increased stress and anxiety. The third component comprises a supplement that replenishes depleted body substance(s), repairs damaged body substance(s), and/or ameliorates the impaired function of body substance(s). Some combination of the first, second, and third component alters the perceived taste of tobacco smoke.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for treating oral conditions and upper gastrointestinal conditions in a subject by providing an inventive oral dosage form of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of at least one antifungal and optionally a flavor modifier and/or salivation component such as an herbal component. In the present invention, the subjects have either not been diagnosed or do not have active or recurrent fungal infections. Specifically, the present invention is directed to chewable dosage forms.

Abstract: The present invention discloses anti-cancer compositions, and associated methods, including an anti-cancer composition comprising: a cellular energy inhibitor having the structure according to formula I wherein X is selected from the group consisting of: a nitro, an imidazole, a halide, sulfonate, a carboxylate, an alkoxide, and amine oxide; and R is selected from the group consisting of: OR?, N(R?)2, C(O)R??, C1-C6 alkyl, C6-C12 aryl, C1-C6 heteroalkyl, a C6-C12 heteroaryl, H, and an alkali metal; where R? represents H, alkali metal, C1-C6 alkyl, C6-C12 aryl or C(O)R??, R? represents H, C1-C6 alkyl, or C6-C12 aryl, and R?? represents H, C1-C20 alkyl or C6-C12 aryl. The anti-cancer composition can additionally comprise at least one sugar, which stabilizes the cellular energy inhibitor by substantially preventing the inhibitor from hydrolyzing. Also, the anti-cancer composition can comprise a hexokinase inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for altering cell function. In particular, the present invention provides compositions comprising selenium (e.g., SEL-PLEX) and methods of using the same (e.g., as a therapeutic and/or prophylactic treatment). Additionally, the present invention demonstrates that specific forms of selenium (e.g., SEL-PLEX), when administered to a subject, possess the ability to alter (e.g., reduce) gene expression in various tissues (e.g., compared to expression in subjects not administered selenium).

Abstract: A method of treating cancer concurrent with receiving chemotherapy treatments which may effectively ameliorate the anemic and toxic effects induced by chemotherapy includes prescribing at least three hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatments per week at a pressure of at least 1.5 ATA, the treatments lasting at least 30 minutes each, prescribing a diet including less than about 300 grams of carbohydrates a day, and prescribing nutritional supplements in accordance with a nutritional supplement regimen including elevated amounts of vitamin B-12, vitamin E, and zinc as compared to a reference daily intake.

Abstract: The invention is for the combination and related methods of liposomal reduced glutathione in oral, inhaled, or intravenous, or glutathione inhaled or intravenous, to ameliorate the effects of exposure to or ingestion of radiation or radioactive materials, as treatment to ameliorate the toxic effects of radiation exposure or ingestion and to facilitate the decorporation of radioactive materials such as Co-60. The invention may also be used in conjunction with a decorporation agent such as DTPA, EDTA, DMPS or penicillamine to ameliorate the toxic effects of exposure or ingestion of radioactive agents or other toxic metals.

Abstract: The use of selenite- or selenate-containing preparations supplemented with pharmaceutically acceptable or food-compatible acids for the preparation of an agent intended for topical or buccal application or mucosal administration is described.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the toxic effect of certain peptide toxins by administering an agent that directly or indirectly reduces disulfide bonds that are important for maintaining the toxin in an active conformation. Also described are compositions and methods for reducing the toxic effect of toxins that contain a heavy metal using an agent that destabilizes the binding of a metal ion that is important for toxin activity.

Abstract: Biogenic sulfide production is synergistically inhibited by treating sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) with a biocide and a metabolic inhibitor. The biocide directly kills a first portion of the SRB. The metabolic inhibitor inhibits sulfate-reducing growth of a second portion of the SRB without directly killing the second portion of the SRB. The treatment of SRB with both a biocide and a metabolic inhibitor provides effective biogenic sulfide inhibition at significantly lower concentrations than would be required if the biocide or metabolic inhibitor was used alone.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novel mechanisms in the aging process and describes novel methods for high-throughput screening to identify, detect, and purify agents to be used for improving mitochondrial function, maintaining the cell cycle-arrested state in senescent and post mitotic cells, and thus preventing or treating age-related diseases or disorders associated with accelerated mitochondrial function loss, telomere dysfunction, and/or deterioration of the growth-arrested state. The present invention also discloses a number of compounds or compositions identified from this method. The present invention further provides the use of low doses of rapamycin or its analogs as a mimic of caloric restriction in preventing age-related diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising one or more minerals selected from the group consisting of selenium, molybdenum or tungsten, which is carried out galenically or chemically in a way that the mineral or minerals are released completely or in part, just before, during or shortly after arrival at the large intestine, and their use in the manufacture of a medicament for administering to a mammal for the prevention or reduction of gas formation in the colon thus conditioned abdominal complaints, particularly bloatings, meteorism or abdominal cramps. Furthermore, the invention relates to a procedure for the isolation of acetogenic and butyrogenic bacterial strains that are suitable for therapeutic purposes outlined above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for altering cell function. In particular, the present invention provides compositions comprising selenium (e.g., SEL-PLEX) and methods of using the same (e.g., as a therapeutic and/or prophylactic treatment). Additionally, the present invention demonstrates that specific forms of selenium (e.g., SEL-PLEX), when administered to a subject, possess the ability to alter (e.g., reduce) gene expression in various tissues (e.g., compared to expression in subjects not administered selenium).

Abstract: This invention relates to a non-toxic composition which bind acetaldehyde present in the stomach, intestine and/or colon. The composition comprises one or more acetaldehyde-binding compound(s) comprising one or more free sulphhydryl and/or amino groups. The compound(s) are mixed with a non-toxic carrier that effects sustained release of said compound(s) in the gastrointestinal tract. This invention relates also to food additives and food compositions and packages comprising the composition.

Abstract: A process for mineralizing a particulate organic material includes providing particles of a non-porous, swellable organic material, and contacting the particles with a solution containing at least one cation and a solution containing at least one anion, thereby obtaining the mineralized particulate organic material.

Abstract: The invention is for the combination and related methods of N-acetyl-cysteine oral, inhaled, or intravenous, or glutathione inhaled or intravenous, generally in combination with antibiotic and/or antiviral therapy to ameliorate the toxic effects of infection with materials used in Bioterror incidents such as Bacillus anthracis and smallpox virus, and alternatively, upon exposure to radiation, during testing, and vaccination, as treatment prior to treatment with antibiotic or antiviral therapy to ameliorate the toxic effects of infection and exposure with these organisms.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of C10-C14-alkane-1,2-diols, in particular 1,2-decanediol, 1,2-dodecanediol and/or 1,2-tetradecanediol, in the preparation of a composition for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of Malassezia-induced dandruff formation, as well as to cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations comprising C10-C14-alkane-1,2-diols.

Abstract: A powder composition, includes: (A) an oil-soluble antioxidant substance powder; (B) a water-soluble antioxidant substance powder; and (C) at least one of zinc, selenium, manganese and copper.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to hair-loss, and include treatments and preparations. Embodiments of the present invention include bactericides, combinations of bactericides and fungicides, combination of bactericides and vasodilators, and combinations of bactericides, fungicides, and vasodilators that are delivered topically to pilosebaceous units within the scalps of persons suffering from hair loss. The treatment kills or controls microbes that disrupt hair growth by changing, inhibiting, or interrupting one or more biological functions of the pilosebaceous units. Certain embodiments of the present invention contain additional active and inactive ingredients, including anti-inflammatory agents, carriers, emulsifiers, antioxidants, and other such substances.

Abstract: There are provided various compounds and compositions comprising polyunsaturated fatty acid monoglycerides and derivatives thereof. These compounds and compositions can be useful as cancer chemopreventive agents. They can also be useful for enhancing solubility of various active agents and enhancing their bioavailability.

Abstract: The invention provides for a nutritional composition comprising from 0.1 to 10 g of eicosapentaenoic acid or a derivative thereof based on 100 kcal of the total composition; and from 0.1 to 10 g of a phytochemical or a mixture thereof based on 100 kcal of the total composition, for a use as a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of cachexia and/or anorexia. The composition is particularly useful in the prevention of cachexia and is administered almost without any additional macronutrients in order to avoid a negative impact on the general diet of the patient.

Abstract: Methods of growing and harvesting multiple species of phytoplankton are disclosed herein. The method generally includes four steps, namely: (1) collecting phytoplankton seawater containing multiple species of naturally-occurring phytoplankton directly from a source of seawater; (2) adding nutrients to the phytoplankton seawater to proliferate the multiple species of naturally-occurring phytoplankton to a predetermined density; (3) separating the multiple species of naturally-occurring phytoplankton from the phytoplankton seawater to form a phytoplankton concentrate; and (4) collecting the phytoplankton concentrate such that the collected phytoplankton of the phytoplankton concentrate remain in a substantially intact cellular state.

Abstract: The invention presents methods for decreasing the concentration of a foreign polynucleotide in a human or animal subject, especially, when such polynucleotide is latent in the subject.

Abstract: A composition for alleviating symptoms associated with neurotoxicity. The composition may comprise compounds for preventing glutamate mediated neurotoxicity. The composition may include one or more of the following elements: at least one glutamate antagonist, at least one cAMP stimulating agent, at least one antioxidant, vitamin B12, at least one transporter and at least one surfactant. The composition may be used in methods for alleviating tinnitus, Ménière's Disease and/or hearing loss.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions having particles comprising, inorganic element; one or more active ingredient and optionally a release rate modulating agent, suitable for the delivery of active ingredients to human and animal tissues. The particles are nanoparticles or microparticles or mixtures thereof, made preferably by sol-gel method. The compositions are useful for application to the topical or mucosal surfaces preferably in the form of creams, gels, lotions, dry powders, spray, foam and other suitable forms.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention presents methods for treating chronic diseases. In a preferred embodiment, the methods feature administration to a subject an effective dose of a dietary supplement that prevents or attenuates microcompetition between a foreign polynucleotide and a cellular polynucleotide or attenuates an effect of such microcompetition, especially, when the foreign polynucleotide is latent in the subject.

Abstract: The invention provides intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) solutions with low carbohydrate for the treatment of malnutrition in dialysis patients. The IDPN solutions of the invention are particularly advantageous for the treatment of malnutrition in patients who are diabetic or suffer from other glucose management related pathologies or patients who require strict fluid management.

Abstract: A method for treatment of a viral infection in a mammal comprising a step of administering a composition containing an amount of selenium (Se) effective to raise the serum level of the mammal to at least 15 ?g/L above baseline.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition in the form of an emulsion that can be expanded by an aerosol dispenser, characterised in that it comprises from 15 to 20 volume % of alcohol, from 1 to 10 volume % of C3-C8 polyolen, a thickening agent, at least one non-ionic surfactant, a wetting agent, and one or more active ingredients dissolved or in suspension; the invention also relates to the medical and cosmetic applications thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating the nutritional deficiencies observed in patients suffering from renal disease and associated disorders. Specifically, the method involves administering to a renal patient a composition comprising vitamin C, vitamin E, B-complex vitamins, selenium, and zinc.

Abstract: A method of producing metal-rich plants for the production of nutritional supplements. Edible plants are placed in a growth environment containing metal, and are cultivated in a fashion which enhances the uptake of metal into edible portions of the plants. The plants are then harvested, and may be eaten directly or processed into capsule or tablet form, in order to obtain the metallic nutrients so incorporated.

Abstract: A composition and a method for administering the composition to a patient in order to accelerate wound healing, particularly postoperative wound healing. The composition, which essentially comprises ornithine ?-ketoglutarate, is water-soluble and formulated for oral administration in single-dose packets. The method for using the composition for promoting wound healing includes the step of administering the composition to a patient preoperatively as well as-postoperatively in accordance with a prescribed protocol. The composition may be customized to include one or more additional agents that are effective for promoting nutritional health and/or treating a particular medical problem. The composition may also be taken daily by athletes to minimize the healing time of closed wounds such as muscle or tendon tears that occur during participation in sports, even when the symptoms of such injury are subclinical.

Abstract: A foaming gelled composition in the form of a stable oil-in-water microemulsion comprising a fatty phase of microdroplets dispersed in an aqueous phase and a dermatological active ingredient, characterized in that it comprises a surfactant system comprising:—at least one ethoxylated nonionic surfactant;—at least one cosurfactant for stabilizing the ethoxylated nonionic surfactant;—at least one nonethoxylated hydrophilic nonionic surfactant;—at least one foaming agent chosen from the group of anionic surfactants.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions for preventing and/or treating cardiovascular diseases in felines with hyperthyroidism wherein the compositions comprise from about 0.07 to less than about 1 mg/kg iodine and/or from about 0.1 to about 1.3 mg/kg selenium. The invention also relates to methods for preparing and using such compositions. articles of manufacture comprising such compositions, and means for communicating information about such compositions. methods, and articles of manufacture.

Abstract: A method of preparing a trace element solution includes the steps of providing at least one EDTA-complex, providing a sodium selenite solution, and combining the EDTA-complex(es) and the sodium selenite solution to form a trace element solution. A EDTA complex is prepared by using disodium EDTA or EDTA acid, selenium, and any other suitable mineral.