Abstract: An apparatus for forming an EMI shielding gasket. The gasket is a formed-in-place gasket which is deposited by an extruder. The gasket material is a fluent polymeric material having a conductive particles disposed therein. The fluent polymeric material is supplied to the extruder by a material supply system having several canisters and a mixing chamber. The fluent polymeric material is fed to a chamber in the extruder. Pressure is applied to the fluent polymeric material by a pressure supply system which includes a source of positive pressure and negative pressure, and a control module for selectively supplying positive pressure and negative pressure to the extrusion chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for stabilizing the amount of belt-form edible dough produced per hour by a production system. The apparatus features a calculating device (67) to calculate the hourly throughput of the edible dough (W) by dividing the weight of the proper number of the divided edible dough bodies (W) by the time used to charge that proper number of the divided dough bodies (W). If by the calculation the hourly throughput of the edible dough is found to be below the predetermined goal, a controlling section (65) controls a motor (47) for gap-adjusting to expand the size of a gap for discharging between a pair of roller members (29L) and (29R). If the hourly throughput is found to be above the predetermined goal, the controlling section (65) controls the motor (47) to reduce the size of the gap for discharging.

Abstract: A novel method of adjusting a heat-displacing T-die is provided wherein a T-die slit gap is adjusted by thermal expansion and contraction of die bolts individually provided with heaters so that a sheet or film material has a target profile in thickness, characterized in that a thickness feed back control loop and a virtual temperature control loop are provided, and in the thickness feed back control loop, data of thickness of products are subjected to a profile treatment to correct a target profile for temperature setting and changing of die bolts so as to define an appropriate slit gap, and in the virtual temperature control loop, an appropriate die bolt temperature is predicted from a control output value of the heater and a radiation temperature to the circumference so as to calculate a corresponding power to be supplied to the heater.

Abstract: A thermal actuator system controls the position of a moveable die lip (32, 34) on a flat film extruder die (30) to control the gauge of the extruded plastic film, and includes thermal actuators each of which has an outer thermal bolt (70) and an inner bolt (80) extending through the outer bolt. The inner and outer bolts have outer ends which are connected together, while the outer bolt is connected to the die body and the inner bolt has an operative end connected to a die lip. An air passage (90) is formed between the inner and outer bolts and through which air is applied for cooling the inner bolt with respect to the outer bolt. Thermal expansion of the outer bolt is controlled by an external heater (75) mounted on the outer bolt.

Abstract: An extrusion apparatus including a flexible lip for adjusting the lip gap, and including reciprocally movable members in operative contact with the flexible lip is described. Beneficially, a generally laterally movable actuator bar is connected to angled slots of the reciprocally movable members by pin members rotatably mounted in bores of the actuator bar. Lateral movement of the actuator bar advantageously results in lip gap control across the full width of the lip gap. Use of reciprocally movable members with slots of selected angles provides for profiling the lip gap. Also provided is an advantageous mechanism for controlling movement of the actuator bar and reciprocally movable members.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring an electric insulated conductor, in particular a medium-voltage and/or high-voltage insulated conductor, are proposed. Seen in profile cross-section, the insulated conductor (50) includes a copper conductor, an inner semiconductor, an insulation and an outer semiconductor and is produced in an extrusion device (90) having an appropriately assigned crosslinking section (40). To achieve an even distribution of the two semiconductor layers and of the insulation layer, the insulated conductor (50) is radiated through immediately at the outlet from the crosslinking section (40) and a correction of the die setting in the extrusion device is carried out by means of values thus determined.

Abstract: A vibration control apparatus (20) and method for a calender (18) for controlling vibration between two or more rolls (ex. 22, 24) which controls vibration induced thickness variations in a medium (27) exiting from the nip. The apparatus (20) includes a frame (19), a first and second rolls (22, 24) mounted relative to the frame (19), and a force generator (32), such as an electromechanical active actuator, servo-hydraulic actuator, controllable semi-active damper, Active Vibration Absorber (AVA), or Adaptive Tuned Vibration Absorber (ATVA), provides cancelling forces to control vibration between the first and second roll (22, 24) thereby, controlling such vibration induced thickness variations in the medium (27). Preferably, the apparatus (20) includes at least one sensor (ex.

Abstract: To control the film thickness in a blown film extrusion line with reversing or rotating takeoff of the film bubble, the thickness profile of the blown film bubble is measured over its circumference. Different temperatures can be applied to sections of the film bubble by a die ring divided into heating sections provided with control elements or by heating elements, forming a ring around the extruded film bubble and provided with control elements. In order to correctly assign the position of the measured thickness profile to the heating sections of the die ring or the heating elements, the extruded film bubble is provided with a mark in the region of the die ring or the heating elements and the rotation of this mark is measured by a measuring device at specified intervals from the die ring or the heating elements.

Abstract: Improvements for an apparatus for continuously molding small fastener elements integral with a base web from a flowable resin. The apparatus includes a rotating cylindrical mold roll defining small fastener element-shaped mold cavities in its peripheral surface. Resin is forced into the cavities under pressure at a gap between the mold roll and either a pressure roll, a pressure nozzle, or a belt. The improvements compensate for the crowning of the mold roll under high molding pressures, enabling the molding of wider products. Other gap controls include skewing, product thickness feedback, and active roll bending. Some pressure and backup rolls have compliant surfaces for conforming to the mold roll to avoid high contact loads that can damage the cavities.

Abstract: A thermal translator device providing improved performance and faster expansion response, is described. Also described is an extrusion apparatus including a plurality of thermal translator devices operatively arranged for thermally actuated, localized action upon the lip. The thermal translator device includes a thermal energy source disposed within a structural member. The thermal energy source and the structural member are an integral unit. Also described is an extrusion apparatus including tie rods for a support assembly otherwise without support.

Abstract: A direct extrusion process for manufacturing conductive polymer articles of manufacture employs a twin screw compounding extruder that compounds a polymeric mixture from materials received, in predetermined proportions, from gravimetric feeders, then extrudes a compounded conductive polymeric material in the melt phase. The extrudate is then fed into a gear pump that allows the extruder to discharge the compounded material, while it is still in the melt stage, at a relatively low pressure. The gear pump produces a substantially constant volumetric output of the compounded "melt phase" material at sufficiently high pressure for delivery into a sheet die. The sheet die forms the compounded material, while still in the melt phase, into a continuous web.

Abstract: A process for blow-molding hollow bodies from thermoplastic synthetic resin wherein, in addition to control to accurately position an extruder thermoplastic melt preform in the blow mold and to maintain a constant weight of the extruded preform, on the program curve which itself is a superimposition of the profile curve of the preform and a base gap determined in accordance with the nozzle gap width through which the preform is extruded, there is superimposed a correction strip which can be varied depending upon material distribution changes as a result, for example, of sag of the preform.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adjustable, leak-free sealing device for sealing the die orifice of a molten polymer die. The sealing device includes a sealing bar seated against and blocking a portion of the die orifice, a deckle holder slideably connected to one side of the die and extending under the die orifice, and a plurality of springs seated on the deckle holder and biasing the sealing bar against a portion of the die orifice. The springs have a combined spring force equal to or greater than the die orifice outlet pressure such that the sealing bar provides a leak-free seal along a portion of the die orifice.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for an exact measurement of the thickness of a plurality of individual semi-conductor and insulation layers and the determination of the centricity/eccentricity of a medium-voltage and/or high-voltage insulated conductor. The individual semi-conductor and insulation layers of the insulated conductor emerging from an extrusion device are penetrated with X-rays in at least two directions laying within a plane orthogonal to the axis of the insulated conductor. On carrying out a line-scan intensity detection of the X-rays having penetrated the insulated conductor, the thickness of the individual layers as well as the position of the conductor is computed. These values are compared with target ones, and, if necessary, the position of the extruder heads can be corrected accordingly.

Abstract: A dough sheeting system comprising a cutter assembly for pulling and cutting elongated chunks of dough from a hopper containing dough is disclosed. A receiving surface is disposed beneath the cutter assembly. A motor advances the receiving surface in a direction of dough feed. A calendar assembly for receives dough output by the receiving surface and outputs a sheet of dough. A level sensor for monitoring the height of accumulated dough at the input of the calendar assembly and for producing a signal when the input exceeds a predetermined level. The motor is responsive to the signal from the level sensor to stop advancing the receiving surface when the level exceeds the predetermined level and is responsive to the signal when the height is reduced.

Abstract: A feedblock for coextrusion apparatus permits profile adjustment of individual layers through the use of flow tuning valves that extend across the width of a main flow through the feedblock.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling mass flow in an extrusion die provides cross-directional measurements of at least one property of an extrusion produced by the extrusion die, such measurements being made at a plurality of cross-directional locations that successively span the extrusion. The measurements are assembled to provide cross-directional profiles of the extrusion. A spatial-frequency splitter operates upon the cross directional profiles to separate selected spatial frequency component profiles from each cross-directional profile. A reference profile is provided for representing desired spatial frequency profiles. An error signal generator generates error signals representing the difference between the spatial frequency component profiles and the desired spatial frequency profiles and actuators control mass flow components of the extrusion die in response to the error signals.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous solid state forming of semicrystalline polymers using roll-drawing is disclosed. The output of an extruded thick polymer profile is stabilized by a gear pump. The profile is passed through a die for the desired geometry and a cooling calibrator. The profile is heat conditioned in heating tunnels to a temperature below the melting point prior to deformation between sets of rolls. A plurality, e.g. four pairs of rolls apply both compression and tension to the polymer profile. The tension applied on the profile, the roll gap, the linear speed of the profile and its temperature are monitored and controlled for the amount of polymer deformation and relaxation allowed. High tensile modulus and strength, both in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the polymeric strip, can be achieved.

Abstract: A coextrusion system employs two or more extruders, each with a gear pump at its output connected to a coextrusion die. Different materials are extruded by each extruder. Varying the speed of one or both gear pumps varies the content of the extrudate. The gear pumps permit precise variation of the relative content of the materials extruded by the several extruders lengthwise along the extrudate. A display of a cross sectional dimension of the extrudate along a length of the extrudate permits observation of the lag that occurs between alteration of gear pump speed (or air pressure in the case of tubular or blown sheet extrudates) and the resultant change in dimension, so that a speed correction can be made at the appropriate time to compensate for differing shrinkage and stretching characteristics between the several extruded materials.

Abstract: A foil-blowing apparatus has its external cooling nozzles vertically and/or radially adjustable relative to the transition region between the neck of the thermoplastic tube and the blown foil balloon to enable thickness errors to be eliminated.

Abstract: An extrusion apparatus includes first and second die body portions each having a main body and a lip interconnected with the main body wherein the die body portions are joined such that a single die outlet is formed between and bounded by the lips. The apparatus also includes suitable structure for moving the lips to adjust the die outlet.

Abstract: A die head for extruding an annular body includes a mandrel having a warp portion with a number of segments spaced around the circumference of the mandrel. Heat is selectively flowed to the segments to warp the mandrel and vary the position of a die pin on the end of the mandrel in a die bushing to control the thickness of the extruded body.

Abstract: Provided is a method for continuously forming a synthetic stone having a thickness with a high degree of accuracy, without using a complicated apparatus, in which resin compound is filled between belt-like upper and lower films in two layers running horizontally on a band-like floor, upstream thereof, so as to continuously form the synthetic stone, a regulating plate 31 is disposed above the band-like floor 3 and downstream of the resin filling part, and the resin compound (R) is continuously filled in a condition in which the gap between the regulating plate and the band-like floor 3 and is set to a predetermined value. Further, the filling volume of the resin compound is adjusted in accordance with a variation in the thickness of the formed resin plate having passed through the regulating plate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extruding thermoplastic tubing of reduced eccentricity, in which tubing is extruded into a vacuum calibration box containing a cooling fluid and a sizing collar. An ultrasonic device for measuring wall thicknesses around the periphery of the tubing is located downstream of the sizing collar. The wall measurements are used to determine a critical parameter, and if this critical parameter is outside of a predetermined range, the vacuum calibration box is moved in the direction of greater wall thickness. After a delay which allows the product of the correction to reach the ultrasonic device, the box is again moved if necessary, until the critical parameter is within the predetermined range.

Abstract: An improved flat-sheet die, compared with the prior art, for an extrusion system for producing flat sheets has an extremely close succession of actuators (13), by way of which at least one die lip (3,5) is adjustable with a narrow-band bending line in order to define the outlet gap (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-displacing T-die designed so that initial adjustment of a die slit gap can be made easily and accurately in an extensive range, and the controllability of heat-displacing actuators for the die slit gap is improved. A pair of lips are formed as flexible lips. Hand-operated die bolts arranged on one flexible lip, while die bolts adapted to be automatically operated by means of heat-displacing actuators are arranged on the other flexible lip. The arrangement pitch of the hand-operated die bolts is shorter than that of the automatically operated die bolts.

Abstract: An easily controllable method to adjust the die slot exit gap to produce an accurately controlled flow from the slot exit across the width of a die provides movable back seats at the back of the die that cause the front and back portions of the die plates to move simultaneously to produce a change in the die slot exit gap. At least one actuator is located between the front and back seats of the die to increase or reduce its length to bend the first plate around the front seat thereby to increase or decrease the first exit gap.

Abstract: A film blowing plant for manufacturing plastic films from thermoplastics, having a blow head, above which is disposed an air cooling ring (1) and behind it in the direction of movement of the film a measuring device for the film thickness, whereby the cooling capacity across the circumference of the tube can be controlled variably by altering the throughput quantity of the air cooling ring (1) and respective adjustment in every region is controlled according to the measurement values of the measuring devices, and the air cooling ring (1) has openings (4) distributed across the circumference in front of air outlet (2) in the region of and in the flow direction of the air (3), through which air is supplied or released.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming composite tows of uniform width comprises a tow tensioner mechanism which carries a reel having a length of tow of non-uniform width, a tow sizing unit, a drive roller unit and a tow winding device. A single tow is fed from the tensioner mechanism to the tow sizing unit where the side-to-side or width dimension of the tow is sized, and then the sized tow is transmitted through the drive roller unit to the tow winding device which winds the sized tow onto a reel. The tow sizing unit includes a rotatable sizing wheel having a circumferential flanged groove, and a presser roller, which cooperate to confine the tow on all four sides, i.e., top, bottom and opposed side edges, as the tow is pressed therebetween to form a finished, sized tow having a substantially uniform width.

Abstract: An apparatus for hot-briquetting iron sponge includes a gravity feeder which has a feed shaft and a regulating tongue which supplies material in a dosed quantity to a moulding gap of a roller press, in such a way that the apparatus can also be used for pressing hot iron sponge at temperatures of up to 1000.degree. C. for obtaining high-density briquettes of good quality. The regulating tongue is provided with a heat-reducing insulating layer and cooling system. The feed shaft and a feed hopper also may have a heat-insulation layer and a cooling system. A flow-rate control is provided for gravity feeders where bulk material or flowable material is supplied by at least one regulator through a feed shaft to a moulding gap formed between at least two rolls and is processed by the rolls. At least one of the rolls is motor-driven. The material is supplied to the moulding gap by the regulating tongue in response to a driven roll torque sensed by a torque detector.

Abstract: A plastic film is formed by passing a web of extruded thermoplastic material through a slit formed between a pair of smoothing rolls. One of the rolls is biased toward the other roll by a yieldable biasing mechanism to accommodate variations in thickness of the web.

Abstract: An extrusion die for making skinned double wall pipe has an elongated tubular body into which flowing plastic is injected. The tubular body has first and second plastic flow channels in which the first flow channel guides the flowing plastic to a first extrusion orifice in the die for making outer pipe wall and the second flow channel guides the flowing plastic to a second extrusion orifice in the die for making the inner pipe wall. The die also includes an injection opening to at least one of the plastic flow channels through which further plastic is injected to form the skin on the pipe.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring an electric insulated conductor, in particular a medium-voltage and/or high-voltage insulated conductor, are proposed. Seen in profile cross-section, the insulated conductor (50) comprises a copper conductor, an inner semiconductor, an insulation and an outer semiconductor and is produced in an extrusion device (90) having an appropriately assigned crosslinking section (40). To achieve an even distribution of the two semiconductor layers and of the insulation layer, the insulated conductor (50) is radiated through immediately at the outlet from the crosslinking section (40) and a correction of the die setting in the extrusion device is carried out using the values thus determined.

Abstract: An extrusion die includes a die body defining a manifold therein terminating at an outlet and first and second relatively moveable plugs disposed in the manifold each having a plug edge where the plug edges together define a profile. The first and second plugs are moveable to first and second plug positions, respectively, in the manifold and indicators are disposed outside of the die body for indicating the first and second plug positions and the profile.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously foaming a polyimide prepolymer powder which is not susceptible to heating by microwave energy utilize a preheated conveyor belt to heat the powder in contact with and adjacent the surface of the conveyor belt to commence the reaction and foaming of the powder as it enters an oven which further heats the powder by convection and infrared radiation to form a continuous foam bun. The conveyor belt is cooled as it exits the oven to cool a bottom surface of the foam product to enable the foam product to be removed from the conveyor before interior portions of the foam product have cooled. Foam adhering to the conveyor belt, after the product has been removed, is cleaned from the conveyor belt, collected and mixed with and used as a filler in the prepolymer powder used in the process. In addition the mass of the powder entering the oven and the density and degree of cure of the foam bun exiting the oven are monitored to continuously control the process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering a constant amount of dough per unit time is disclosed. Successive dough blocks (5) are transferred on a first conveyor (8) at times proportional to their weights. The predetermined theoretical traveling distances of the dough blocks and the actual traveling distances of the dough blocks on the first conveyor are compared to find the change of the volume or specific gravity of the dough due to fermentation. Based on the comparison the traveling speed of the first conveyor is changed to obtain a uniform amount of the dough product, and the gap between a second conveyor (11) and a stretching roller (12) may be adjusted to increase the rate at which the dough is produced.

Abstract: A system for controlling the outer diameter of a strand, particularly of a cable or the like including a measuring device for measuring the outer diameter of the strand of plastic material emerging from the extruder. The signal of the measuring device is fed to a comparator which compares it with a reference diameter and generates a difference signal. A control unit receives the difference signal to control the rotational speed of the extruder and/or the speed by which the strand emerges from the extruder. A computing stage is connected to the control unit which generates a comparison signal modulated by the actual diameter signal and fed to the control unit.

Abstract: An insulator composition of foamed synthetic resin is supplied to an extruder 3, and the synthetic resin is extruded onto a wire 4a continuously supplied to the extruder 3 at a temperature higher than or equal to a foaming temperature, to cover the wire 4a with the insulator composition. Then, the wire 4a covered with the insulator composition is solidified by cooling in a water-cooling trough 6 movable towards and away from the extruder 3 in a direction of supply of the wire 4a. In this operation, an outer diameter D and a capacitance C of the insulator composition are controlled such that when the water-cooling trough 6 reaches its movable limit, either a deviation .DELTA.D of a detection value of the outer diameter D from its target preset value or a deviation .DELTA.C of a detection value of the capacitance C from its target preset value is selected as a deviation (.DELTA.D or .DELTA.

Abstract: A press for making pressed board has a plurality of longitudinally spaced rigid frames, a lower press plate extending longitudinally through and secured to the frames, and a normally planar upper press plate extending longitudinally above the lower plate through the frames and defining with the lower press plate a longitudinally throughgoing press gap. A plurality of vertically effective double-acting hydraulic cylinders carried on the frames above the upper plate each have a back compartment and a front compartment, are connected to the upper plate, and support the upper plate on the frames. Respective upper and lower endless belts have respective lower and upper stretches extending through the gap immediately below and above the respective upper and lower plates and respective upper and lower rollers advance the stretches longitudinally through the frames. Sensors connected to the lower plate produce an output corresponding to the size of the gap.

Abstract: A method for regulating the thickness of several individual layers of an extruded multilayered plastic web involves melting at least two currents of molten plastic in different extruders and bringing the individual molten currents together in an adapter wherein the currents are superimposed into a laminated extruded multilayer stream. The extruded multilayer stream is supplied to a die slot. Devices are provided for controlling the flow of individual currents of molten plastic by modifying their sections before the currents are brought together in the adapter. In order to regulate the thickness distribution, the thickness of the individual layers of the multilayered extruded stream, which correspond to the different currents of molten plastics, is determined before the stream leave the die slot; that is, while the currents are still in a plastic state.

Abstract: A spin blowing apparatus for producing spun fleece of thermoplastified synthetic resin provides that the spinneret plate and/or the fiber or filament blowing gap through which the blowing air/fiber mixture passes downwardly and/or the air flow resistance of the perforated belt upon which the fleece is collected can be varied in response to measured values of the specific weight and/or air permeability of the web to restore any deviation of the latter.

Abstract: A film manufacturing apparatus includes a circular die having a lip-shaped circular outlet for extruding a molten plastic in an annular form and an air passage for blowing air into the annular molten plastic to form a bubble. A water containing cooling ring cools the bubble and restrains the bubble so as to form a tubular plastic film below the cooling ring. An ultrasonic sensor is arranged near the circular die and extends substantially downwardly obliquely toward the center of the bubble for detecting the distance between the surface of the bubble and the ultrasonic sensor, and a controller controls an air supply regulating valve arranged in a line leading to the air passage to control the size of the bubble. Also, an ambient temperature sensor is arranged for correcting the speed of the ultrasonic signal, and a receiving time selecting device is arranged for correcting the time period during which an ultrasonic signal reflected from the bubble can be received.

Abstract: A thickness control system for a high speed tortilla sheeting machine automatically adjusts a pinch point gap between a pair of sheeting rollers to maintain a generally uniform thickness of the produced "masa" (i.e., corn dough) sheet. The control system includes a pair of sensors, a controller, and a pair of actuators. The sensors continuously monitor the distance to the surface of a produced masa sheet. The controller derives from the sensor output signal a measurement of the thickness of the produced masa sheet, and compares this measurement to a preset thickness. The controller then directs one or more of the actuators to change the distance between the two sheeting rollers of the tortilla sheeting machine as necessary to produce a masa sheet at the desired preset thickness.

Abstract: Automatic thickness profiling for use in blown film and other extrusion lines. The automatic system is integrated into an air cooling ring device either external and/or internal to the bubble or extrusion. It comprises one or more high resolution circumferentially variable annular air outlets which act to cool the molten resin in a circumferentially variable way. Thin slide plates remain fixed in place except when adjusted to open or close the local annular air outlet by the action of at least one scanning actuator. The actuator is positioned by control signals generated by a control computer which calculates the appropriate local dimension of the variable air outlet in response to circumferential position correlated with thickness variations detected by a film thickness sensor. The film thickness above the frost line is mechanically scanned around the extrusion.

Abstract: A dough extruder extrudes a sheet of dough. A ram is reciprocable within a chamber, the chamber having an entrance for receiving dough from the hopper and an exit. Reciprocation of the ram drives the dough from the entrance out the exit to form a sheet of dough. A driver is coupled to the ram for driving reciprocation of the ram. A sensor senses a characteristic of the sheet of dough and generates a sensing signal based on the characteristic sensed. A controller is coupled to the sensor and the driver and receives the sensor signal. The controller controls the driver based on the sensor signal received.

Abstract: An easily controllable method to adjust a die slot exit gap to produce an accurately controlled flow from the slot exit across the width of a die provides movable back seats at the back of the die that cause front and back portions of die plates to move simultaneously to produce a change in the die slot exit gap. At least one actuator is located between the front and back seats of the die to increase or reduce the actuator length to bend the first plate around the front seat thereby to increase or decrease the first exit gap.

Abstract: Apparatus for extruding thermoplastic material includes an extruder having inner and outer die lips adjacent an outlet end of the extruder for transporting an annular stream of thermoplastic material therethrough. The outer die lips are divided into a plurality of circumferential sectors. Each sector includes a passage for circulating heated oil for controlling the viscosity of the thermoplastic material being extruded. The temperature and flow of the heated oil flowing through each sector may be varied according to the required thickness of the product being extruded adjacent that sector. A ring-shaped channel carries the heated oil around the die lips for circulation into the individual sectors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measurement of the eccentricity dimension which measures the eccentricity dimension .alpha. between optical fibers and a coating member of a fiber ribbon made up of optical fibers and a coating member having a rigidity relatively lower than the fibers and covering the outer surface of fibers. When taking up the fiber ribbon at a constant speed, the rotational speed .omega..sub.a of a first rotary drum made to contact one surface of the fiber ribbon and the rotational speed .omega..sub.b of a second rotary drum made to contact the other surface of the fiber ribbon are measured and the radii R of the rotary drums, the overall thickness t of the fiber ribbon, and the rotational speeds .omega..sub.a and .omega..sub.b of the rotary drums are substituted in the following equation to compute the eccentricity dimension .alpha.:.alpha.=(.omega..sub.b -.omega..sub.a) (R+t/2) / (.omega..sub.b +.omega..sub.

Abstract: An apparatus and method including controls for automatically controlling the operating speed of a candy forming machine to make candy pieces of the same size having uniform outer diameters. The candy forming machine itself includes a batch roller for rolling a batch of candy mass, a rope sizer for shaping and sizing the rolled candy mass into a candy rope, and a candy former for cutting and forming the candy rope into candy pieces. By monitoring the size of the candy mass in the batch roller, the machine automatically synchronizes both the speed of the rope sizer and the speed of the candy former to the rate at which candy is introduced into the batch roller. More specifically, the candy forming machine includes a mechanism for sensing a particular candy mass diameter in the batch roller and generating a corresponding signal to a speed control device.

Abstract: The roll gap control system for a calender having first and second rolls (18, 19) rolling a raw material (B) includes a load measuring unit (11) for detecting a rolling load change between the first and second rolls (18, 19), a roll shaft position adjusting device (41) for increasing/decreasing a roll gap and a controller (46) for computing a roll gap change (.DELTA.h) based on the rolling load change (.DELTA.P) and for activating the roll shaft position adjusting device (41) to compensate for the roll gap change (.DELTA.h). A spring constant (k) of first and second rolls (18, 19) and mechanical members (24, 25, 28) supporting these rolls of the calender is calculated, and the rolling load change (.DELTA.P) is divided by the spring constant (k). The quotient (.DELTA.P/k) is the roll gap change (.DELTA.h).