Abstract: A tube which is normally in a collapsed position and which has an inner layer, suitably of felt. The free end of the tube is pulled apart and a pool of resin is located within the tube. Opposed driven rollers then pull the free end of the tube to assist in the dispersion of the resin in the felt. To assist in the resin impregnating the felt a vacuum is applied to urge the felt on either side of the collapsed tube so that the sides are more towards each other in the region of the pool of resin. In order for the vacuum to be able to be applied in the region of the pool of resin the vacuum is applied to the trailing end of the tube and an insert comprising a strip of material that is less prone to collapse than the felt of the tube is located along the inside of the felt.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate having a plurality of channels with a coating media in which the substrate is partially immersed into a vessel containing a bath of the coating media with the volume of coating media lying above the end of the immersed substrate being sufficient to coat the substrate to a desired level. A vacuum is then applied to the partially immersed substrate at an intensity and time sufficient to draw the coating media upwardly from the bath into each of the channels to form a uniform coating profile therein.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for minimizing excess aluminum deposition that can build up inside a substrate processing chamber during an aluminum CVD substrate processing operation. The method of the present invention periodically introduces nitrogen into the processing chamber after aluminum CVD processing of at least a single wafer in order to minimize unwanted aluminum accumulation in various parts of the chamber. According to one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of minimizing excess metal deposition inside a substrate processing chamber after a substrate processing operation. The method includes the steps of introducing a nitrogen-containing passivating gas into a chamber after the substrate processing operation, and maintaining at least a portion of the chamber at a second temperature during the introducing step thereby reducing excess metal build up within the chamber. In preferred embodiments, the method is performed after removal of the substrate from the processing chamber.

Abstract: Methods of lining the internal surface of a pipe, include first inserting two lining pigs into the pipe and then introducing a batch of resin thereinto, or inserting one lining pig between two batches of a resin, or first inserting a lining pig and then inserting two batches of a resin with another lining pig therebetween, or first introducing a lining pig made of a soft material capable of deforming so as to pass through a narrow-passing section and then introducing a batch of a resin into the pipe, causing the resin to move forward until the front end of the resin reaches an inner end of the pipe, and sucking the resin back from the inner end so as to line the internal surface of the pipe with the resin. The methods use improved liquid blocking pigs for use in pipe lining treatment, each of such pigs includes a spherical body made of a soft resilient material and at least one flexible liquid barrier diaphragm interposed in the spherical body.

Abstract: In the production of a transportable, multilayery tube (1) with a gas-impermeable outer layer (2) and at least one layer (3) impregnated with a curable resin (11) and made of a composite fiber material (4) to line pipe conduits and sewer systems, using subatmospheric pressure and rollers (7,8) between which is formed at least one nip (6) through which to feed tube (1), to even out and accelerate the impregnation, at first still unimpregnated tube (1) is fed from below into nip (6) and air is evacuated from unimpregnated section (1a) of tube (1). In doing so, liquid resin (11) is brought into full opening (1d), at first still open, of tube (1) and is dammed up by nip (6).

Abstract: A method of inhibiting deposition of material on a wall of a chemical vapor deposition reactor includes providing a chemical vapor deposition reactor having a wall which has an inside facing surface, the inside facing surface at least partially defining a chemical vapor deposition reactor chamber; forming a first material atop the inside facing surface; positioning a substrate in the chemical vapor deposition reactor chamber, the substrate having an outer surface; and chemical vapor depositing a second material layer on the substrate in a manner which is selective to the substrate outer surface, and not the first material, thereby restricting deposition of the second layer on the reactor inside facing surface.

Abstract: A process for creating a SiOx barrier layer on the interior wall of a container is disclosed in the present invention. A gas mixture consisting of an organosilicon precursor gas, an oxidizer gas and a carrier gas is introduced into a polymeric container. The gas mixture is then irradiated with ultraviolet light to create a reaction within the container. The reacted gas then coats the interior wall of the container with a SiOx barrier layer. The remainder of the gas mixture is then purged from the container. The gas mixture may also be utilized to blow mould a container. The polymeric container may be composed of polyethylene, polypropylene, copolymers of polypropylene, copolymers of polyethylene, polyethylene terphthalate, copolymers of polyethylene terphthalate or mixtures thereof. An excimer ultraviolet lamp is preferred to irradiate the gas mixture inside of the container. The process may be performed at a station on a manufacturing line, or at an off-line site.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a plastic container coated with carbon film, which comprises: an external electrode having a hollow space approximately similar to an external shape of the container which is accommodated in the hollow space; an insulating member for insulating the external electrode, a mouth of the container abutting against the insulating member when the container is accommodated in the hollow space of the external electrode; an internal electrode inserted through the mouth of the container into the container accommodated in the hollow space of the external electrode, the internal electrode being earthed; discharging means communicated with the hollow space of the external electrode to discharge air in the hollow space; feeding means for feeding raw gas into the container accommodated in the hollow space of the external electrode; and a high frequency electric source connected to the external electrode.

Abstract: Patent for "PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY OF TWO PIPES OR TUBES WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF OBSTRUCTION", with the said process consisting of recovering each of the said obstructed pipes or tubes by means of a jet of compressed air flowing with a spiral motion from one of the extremities of each of the said pipes or tubes, with water first being added to the said jet in order to increase the passage of the air; with the said water then being followed by a cleaning solution, a volatile liquid, or another equivalent product, along with an abrasive material consisting of crushed rock or gravel, or a similar substance, in order to clean the said pipe or tube; after which an epoxy resin paint or another type of coating is added, which coats all of the inner wall of the pipe or tube, as a result of the pressure applied by the said jet of compressed air.

Abstract: There are provided methods of lining the internal surface of a pipe, which includes first inserting two lining pigs into the pipe and then introducing a batch of resin thereinto, or inserting one lining pig between two batches of a resin, or first inserting a lining pig and then inserting two batches of a resin with another lining pig therebetween, or first introducing a lining pig made of a soft material capable of deforming so as to pass through a narrow-passing section and then introducing a batch of a resin into the pipe, causing the resin to move forward until the front end of the resin reaches an inner end of the pipe, and sucking the resin back from the inner end so as to line the internal surface of the pipe with the resin. There are also provided improved liquid blocking pigs for use in pipe lining treatment, each of such pigs comprises a spherical body made of a soft resilient material and a least one flexible liquid barrier diaphragm interposed in the spherical body.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for facilitating plasma processing and in particular chemical plasma enhanced vapor deposition, plasma polymerization or plasma treatment of barrier materials onto the interior surface of containers barrier materials are useful for providing an effective barrier against gas and/or water permeability in containers and for extending shelf-life of containers, especially plastic evacuated blood collection devices.

Abstract: A method is disclosed to deposit aluminum coatings on high temperature superalloys for corrosion, oxidation, and erosion protection using low temperature chemical vapor deposition and an organometallic halide precursor, specifically an aluminum alkyl halide. The process is adapted to protective coatings for turbine parts having internal passages. Due to the lower temperatures used during chemical vapor deposition, a broad range of substrate materials can be utilized. The precursor vapors clean the substrate surfaces by removing native oxides while simultaneously depositing aluminum.

Abstract: Uniform ion implantation and deposition onto cylindrical surfaces is achieved by placing a cylindrical electrode in coaxial and conformal relation to the target surface. For implantation and deposition of an inner bore surface the electrode is placed inside the target. For implantation and deposition on an outer cylindrical surface the electrode is placed around the outside of the target. A plasma is generated between the electrode and the target cylindrical surface. Applying a pulse of high voltage to the target causes ions from the plasma to be driven onto the cylindrical target surface. The plasma contained in the space between the target and the electrode is uniform, resulting in a uniform implantation or deposition of the target surface. Since the plasma is largely contained in the space between the target and the electrode, contamination of the vacuum chamber enclosing the target and electrodes by inadvertent ion deposition is reduced.

Abstract: A treatment chamber (1) evacuable by vacuum pumps (13,13') has a mounting (26,26', . . .) bearing the hollow body (4) in the treatment chamber (1), and a line (9,9') for the admission of a process gas into the treatment chamber (1). A microwave conductor (20,20' . . .) is connected with a generator (19,19' . . .) for igniting a plasma in the area of channels formed by a sheet-metal shroud (2,2') matching the configuration of the hollow body (4). A closure (7,7') is provided through which the filler opening (6, 6') of the hollow body (4) can be closed pressure-tight, and a line (9,9') for the process gas passes through the closure.

Abstract: A metal-foil-clad composite ceramic board produced by impregnating by impregnating a sintered substrate (II) of an inorganic continuously porous sintered body (I) having a true porosity of 12 to 50% and an open porosity of at least 10%, with a thermosetting resin (R) under vacuum, to form a resin-impregnated sintered substrate (IIR), stacking a metal foil on the resin-impregnated sintered substrate (IIR) and press-forming the resultant laminate, wherein the stacked metal foil has a 10-point average surface roughness Rz of 10 .mu.m or less, and the resin-impregnated sintered substrate (IIR) and the metal foil have substantially no adhesive layer therebetween or have an adhesive layer having a thickness of 10 .mu.m or less therebetween.

Abstract: A method of making a gas-impermeable, chemically inert container wall structure comprising the steps of providing a base layer of an organic polymeric material; conducting a pair of reactive gases to the surface of the base layer preferably by pulsed gas injection; heating the gases preferably by microwave energy pulses sufficiently to create a plasma which causes chemical reaction of the gases to form an inorganic vapor compound which becomes deposited on the surface, and continuing the conducting and heating until the compound vapor deposit on the surface forms a gas-impermeable, chemically inert barrier layer of the desired thickness on the surface. Various wall structures and apparatus for making them are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for producing at least a polymer surface layer on at least part of the inner surface of a hollow article that is at least partially of plastic, comprising coating said at least part of the inner surface of the hollow article by establishing a low pressure gas atmosphere within the hollow article, formin a polymerizable plasma within the article by excitation of the gas atmospher within the article by high-frequency electromagnetic energy, and allowing polymerization of the gas atmosphere to take place, whereby a polymerized coating is applied to said part of the inner surface, the gas atmospherre that forms the plasma containing a component that predominantly forms chains at sufficient speed and can be polymerized under the particular plasma conditions, and a component that forms predominantly branching or cross-linking points and can be polymerized under the particular plasma conditions.

Abstract: A method of capturing and removing contaminant particles moving within an evacuated interior region of an ion beam implanter is disclosed. The steps of the method include: providing a particle collector having a surface to which contaminant particles readily adhere; securing the particle collector to the implanter such that particle adhering surface is in fluid communication to the contaminant particles moving within the interior region; and removing the particle collector from the implanter after a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A method of depositing, by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, a modified, silicon oxide, barrier coating atop a temperature sensitive substrate; said barrier coating having barrier properties to at least gaseous oxygen and water vapor. The precursor gaseous mixture includes at least a silicon-hydrogen containing gas, an oxygen containing gas and a gas containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of germanium, tin, phosphorus, and boron. The method requires introducing a sufficient flow rate of oxygen-containing gas into the precursor gaseous mixture to eliminate the inclusion of silicon-hydrogen bonds into the deposited coating. The preferred modifier is germanium. Also, a composite material having a microwave-plasma-enhanced-chemical-vapor-deposited silicon oxide (modified or non-modified) barrier coating. The barrier coating has barrier properties to at least gaseous oxygen and water vapor and is substantially free of Si--H bonds.

Abstract: There are provided methods of lining the internal surface of a pipe, which includes first inserting two lining pigs into the pipe and then introducing a batch of resin thereinto, or inserting one lining pig between two batches of a resin, or first inserting a lining pig and then inserting two batches of a resin with another lining pig therebetween, or first introducing a lining pig made of a soft material capable of deforming so as to pass through a narrow-passing section and then introducing a batch of a resin into the pipe, causing the resin to move forward until the front end of the resin reaches an inner end of the pipe, and sucking the resin back from the inner end so as to line the internal surface of the pipe with the resin. There are also provided improved liquid blocking pigs for use in pipe lining treatment, each of such pigs comprises a spherical body made of a soft resilient material and a least one flexible liquid barrier diaphragm interposed in the spherical body.

Abstract: A tube-shaped film, made of fluorine resin, has a fold-free, smooth, and uniform inner peripheral surface formed thereon by a surface treatment. An apparatus for treating the inner peripheral surface of the tube-shaped film includes a holding device for holding the tube-shaped film on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical body with a cylindrical configuration of the tube-shaped film maintained. A treatment device is inserted into the cylindrical body to treat the inner peripheral surface of the tube-shaped film held on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. The holding device and the treatment device make a uniform linear motion relative to each other and a uniform rotary motion relative to each other.

Abstract: A process is described to realize a film made of an adequate resinous material on the internal surface of metallic pipes, particularly those made of aluminium, to protect them and further allow for particular uses for which they could not be employed otherwise. These pipes are preferably applied in the hydrothermosanitary field.

Abstract: A method of lining passageways, or pipelines, employs a pre-liner sleeve formed of a thin plastic material, which is applied to the inside surface of the passageway to be lined. During application of the pre-liner sleeve, it is held in a concertina-like folded condition in a magazine which is moved along the passageway by operation of air pressure which is applied from within the pre-liner sleeve, and which simultaneously inflates the pre-liner sleeve so that it communicates with the inside surface of the passageway. A spray head follows the magazine from within the inflated pre-liner sleeve and applies a hardenable composition, such as mortar, to the inside of the inflated pre-liner sleeve. The spray head is followed, in some embodiments, by a tube which is everted to communicate with the applied hardenable composition under air pressure. The tube holds the applied layer in position while it cures.

Abstract: The substrate (10) is placed in an enclosure (12) and is heated so as to establish therein a temperature gradient such that the substrate has a higher temperature in portions that are remote from its exposed surfaces than at its exposed surfaces. A reaction gas constituting a precursor for the material to be infiltrated is admitted into the enclosure, with formation of the material being enhanced in those portions of the substrate that are at higher temperature. At the beginning of the infiltration process, and at least during the major portion thereof, substrate heating is controlled in such a manner as to maintain the temperature of its exposed surfaces at a value that is no greater than the minimum temperature for the reaction gas to deposit the material that is to be infiltrated, while portions of the substrate that are remote from its exposed surfaces are at a temperature that is greater than the minimum temperature for deposition.

Abstract: A method is described for grading the electrical field at the surface of an electrode by depositing a semiconductive coating thereon. An electrode substrate is powered at a preselected temperature and power. A mixture of gases is then passed through an electrical discharge to ionize at least a portion thereof to form the semiconductive coating on the surface of the electrode. Also described is the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of a diamondlike carbon (DLC) film onto a substrate. A substrate is maintained at a preselected DLC forming temperature and is negatively biased at a first preselected voltage. A first gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons and argon is then passed through an electrical discharge to at least partially ionize the hydrocarbons to form DLC film on the substrate. The substrate is then negatively biased at a second preselected voltage lower than the first preselected voltage.

Abstract: A compact, surface replica fuel cell has a fiber reinforced, porous central membrane and two porous outer membranes. Thin film catalyst and metal electrode materials are deposited on both sides of the central membrane. The electrodes are deposited using a variety of techniques, including ion or light bombardment, etching and vacuum thin film deposition. For compound fuels, two catalysts are deposited. The first catalyst forms the interior surface replica electrode. The second catalyst is positioned on the interior of the pores to scavenge hydrogen before the hydrogen is diffused out of the electrode and electrolyte. A hydrophobic film is deposited over the electrode films to control electrolyte positioning and to strengthen the electrodes. Catalyst surface active area is maximized by separating the catalyst film from the porous, non-electrolyte substrate and filling the voids between the substrate and the catalyst film with an electrolyte.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an electron multiplier is provided. The method consists of depositing a random channel layer on a substrate such that the random channel layer is capable of producing a cascade secondary electron emission in response to an incident electron in the presence of an electric field.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating for superalloy turbine engine vanes and blades that are exposed to high temperature gas is disclosed. The coating includes a ceramic layer applied to an aluminide or MCrAlY bond coat by electron beam physical vapor deposition. The ceramic layer has a first portion having unstabilized porosity, a second portion, overlying the first portion, with stabilized porosity, and an outer portion wherein the pores are coated with a noble metal. The stabilized porosity portion along with the noble metal coating reduce the thermal conductivity of the ceramic layer. Stabilizing the porosity renders it more resistant to sintering densification at high temperatures.

Abstract: A vacuum rig apparatus for introducing a liquid into a space defined by a shaped article, which apparatus comprises a series of interconnected vessels attached through a port to a vacuum line, wherein one of the vessels is adapted to hold the shaped article and the apparatus is tiltable about a point midway along the vessel so that liquid from a reservoir flows into the vessel to surround the shaped article and fill the space therein when a vacuum is applied to the apparatus.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing high aspect ratio plated through holes in a circuit carrying substrate. High aspect ratio apertures or holes (16) are formed in a substrate (10). A thin film of copper (20) is sputtered onto the substrate and in the apertures that a macroscopically discontinuous copper film (26) is formed on part of the aperture walls. The macroscopically discontinuous copper film is substantially thinner than the copper film that is deposited on the surface. A catalytic copper coating (30) is plated directly on the vacuum deposited thin film of copper by electroless copper plating in a manner sufficient to form a macroscopically continuous copper layer on the aperture walls.

Abstract: A rugged flexible hollow-fiber waveguide that permits preservation of good transverse spatial coherence of input infrared laser radiation and that transmits substantial power of such radiation, with low attenuation. The present invention preferably comprises a small-diameter thin-wall silica-glass tube; a protective coating on the outer surface of the tube; a sufficient reflective layer on the inner surface of the tube; and a thickness, optimal for the wavelength(s) of interest, of dielectric on the exposed surface of the reflective layer. The fiber is manufactured with processes that maintain the smoothness of the bore.

Abstract: A plasma assisted deposition of a very thin inner surface coating inside a plastic or metal container is achieved using insoluble, inert, inorganic substances such as silica, or insoluble metal oxides, or by using mixtures of substances, for example of metals, metal oxides, metal salts and carbon and/or organic radicals, so as to form a flexible structure or lattice, or by using different layers of such structures. It involves locating the container in an evacuated enclosure, placing a vaporizer containing inert inorganic material of a predetermined constituency inside the container, generating a vapor of said material, forming a plasma of said vapor, and depositing a relatively thin coating of said material over a predetermined area of an inside surface of said container, whereby the high temperature of the particles of said coating penetrate said surface due to their heat energy while causing no overall rise in surface temperature because of the low mass flow.

Abstract: Aircraft brakes are refurbished by a rapid chemical vapor deposition method utilizing a liquid carbon-precursor as a carbon source for carbon densification. Inductive and resistive heating means are utilized to carry out the method.

Abstract: The method of the present invention lies in a method for forming a scale preventive coating for preventing polymer scale deposition generated on inner walls of a polymerization vessel during polymerization, wherein a coating liquid containing a scale preventive agent is sprayed from an upper portion in the closed polymerization vessel, suction of gas in the vessel is simultaneously performed from a bottom portion of the polymerization vessel, an excessive coating liquid is discharged, and a coating of the scale preventive agent is formed on inner walls of the polymerization vessel. According to this method, a coating of a scale preventive agent can be uniformly formed throughout the entire inner walls of a polymerization vessel even in the case of a closed and large polymerization vessel having a volume, for example, not less than 80 m.sup.3.

Abstract: A plasma is generated within the interior of a hollow form held within a vacuum chamber enclosure by utilizing a radio frequency coil mounted within the vacuum chamber and defining a working volume which closely conforms to the shape of the hollow form. The hollow form and the interior of the vacuum chamber are evacuated to a low pressure, and a gas is introduced into the interior of the hollow form to maintain the pressure within the form higher than the pressure in the vacuum chamber outside of the form. Radio frequency electrical power is supplied to the coil to induce an electric field within the form which is sufficient to break down the gas within the form to form a plasma at the pressure of the gas within the form, but does not break down the gas at the lower pressure in the vacuum chamber outside of the hollow form.

Abstract: A method is disclosed to deposit aluminum and a metal oxide on substrates for improved corrosion, oxidation, and erosion protection. Low temperature chemical vapor deposition is used. A homogeneous biphase coating may be deposited, as well as layers of aluminum and metal oxides.

Abstract: A method is disclosed to deposit aluminum and platinum on substrates for improved corrosion, oxidation, and erosion protection. Low temperature chemical vapor deposition is used. A homogeneous biphase coating of aluminum and platinum may be deposited, as well as sequential layers of aluminum and platinum.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming metal containing ceramic coatings on substrates. The method comprises applying a coating of hydrogen silsesquioxane resin and a metallic filler onto a substrate and heating the coated substrate at a temperature sufficient to convert the hydrogen silsesquioxane resin to a silica containing ceramic matrix containing the metallic filler.

Abstract: Internal polymeric surfaces of medical devices are provided that have enhanced biocompatibility properties. The internal polymeric surface presents an anti-thrombogenic, fibrinolytic or thrombolytic interface with body fluids such as blood flowing through medical device tubing during implantation for medical procedures. The biocompatibility enhancing agent is secured to the polymeric substrate by a spacer molecule which is covalently bound to the internal polymeric surface which had been subjected to radiofrequency plasma treatment with a low pressure plasma medium of water vapor, oxygen or combination of water vapor and oxygen gas.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for pretreating aluminum-bearing surfaces in a vacuum deposition chamber after a previous step of cleaning the chamber, and prior to depositing tungsten silicide on substrates in the chamber, which first comprises treating the aluminum-bearing surfaces with a mixture of silane and a tungsten-bearing gas, such as WF.sub.6, to form a first deposition of a silane-based tungsten silicide on the aluminum-bearing surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the process further comprises subsequently treating the already coated aluminum-bearing surfaces of the chamber in a second step with a mixture of a tungsten-bearing gas, such as WF.sub.6, and a chlorine-substituted silane such as dichlorosilane (SiH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2), monochlorosilane (SiH.sub.3 Cl), or trichlorosilane (SiHCl.sub.3) to form a chlorine-substituted silane-based tungsten silicide deposition over the previous deposited silane-based tungsten silicide.

Abstract: The invention is a method for assembling heat transfer plates, introducing a plastic protective material into the plate interspaces as a vapor, and condensing the material on the surfaces of the heat transfer plates.

Abstract: A metal-ceramic composite body is prepared by impregnating a porous ceramic preform with a molten metal. A preform (3, 15), a crucible (7) containing molten metal (6), and a channeling bundle (8) of filaments are set such that one end of the bundle (8) is disposed above the molten metal (6) in the crucible (7) and the other end of the bundle (8) is disposed in contact with the preform (3, 15). The crucible (7) is moved up until the bundle one end is immersed in the molten metal (6) whereby the molten metal (6) is channeled to the preform (3, 15) through the filaments of the bundle (8) for impregnating the preform (3, 15) with the molten metal. The crucible (7) is moved down until the bundle one end is withdrawn from the molten metal (6) whereby supply of the molten metal to the preform (3, 15) is interrupted.

Abstract: In order to reduce the rate of coke formation during the industrial pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, the interior surface of a reactor is coated with a uniform layer of a ceramic material, the layer being deposited by thermal decomposition of a non-alkoxylated organosilicon precursor in the vapor phase, in a steam containing gas atmosphere in order to form oxide ceramics.

Abstract: In order to reduce the rate of coke formation during the industrial pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, the interior surface of a reactor is coated with a thin layer of a ceramic material, the layer being deposited by thermal decomposition of a non-oxygen containing silicon-nitrogen precursor in the vapor phase, in an inert or reducing gas atmosphere in order to minimize the formation of oxide ceramics.

Abstract: A method for coating metal cookware includes (a) roughening and cleaning a cooking surface of the metal cookware's inner wall by spraying aluminum oxide of 60-80 mesh onto the inner wall surface; (b) applying a mechanically resistant layer onto the roughened and cleaned cooking surface of the metal cookware by electric-arc spraying at a temperature of 4500.degree.-8000.degree. C., under a pressure of 5-8 kg/cm.sup.2, and with a voltage of 30-40 V and a direct current of 100-300 A, the mechanically resistant layer being made of a metallic material, and (c) applying a lubricative layer, which consists essentially of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), onto the mechanically resistant layer by spray coating until the lubricative layer has a thickness of about 23-36 .mu.m and whereby a pencil hardness of 8-9H is achieved.

Abstract: An underground pipeline or passageway is lined by having a plastics film pre-liner tube applied thereto by inflation, and the tube whilst inflated has an applicator pulled therethrough from which a fluent curable or hardenable composition issues and is applied directly to the inside of the inflated tube to form a layer which cures or hardens to form a lining. Preferably a second tube is applied to the inside of the composition layer to hold it in position whilst it cures or hardens.

Abstract: Polymeric surfaces of medical devices or components of medical devices are provided that have enhanced biocompatibility properties. The polymeric surface presents an anti-thrombogenic, fibrinolytic or thrombolytic interface with body fluids such as blood during implant ation or medical procedures. The biocompatibility enhancing agent is secured to the polymeric substrate by a spacer molecule which is covalently bound to the polymeric substrate which had been subjected to radiofrequency plasma treatment with a water vapor medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of forming opaque coatings on integrated circuits. The method comprises selectively applying a coating of a silica precursor resin and a filler onto the integrated circuit and heating the coated circuit at a temperature sufficient to convert the silica precursor resin to a silica containing ceramic matrix.

Abstract: A method for the surface treatment of a metal workpiece which involves the generation between a major exposed portion of an anode and successive restricted areas of a first surface of the workpiece serving as a cathode, a vacuum arc discharge having an arc current which is not substantially less than 50 amp. and having a positive voltage-current gradient.

Abstract: In a tube eversion apparatus a first chamber in which the eversion pressure in developed is controllably sealed by a sphincter-type valve, the valve being in turn actuated by pressure developed in a preferably separately controllable and adjustable second chamber, another chamber preferably being provided above the sphincter-type valve for containing a supply of liquid and limiting turbulence from any escape of fluid past the sphincter-type valve, the other chamber also providing apparatus for supplying heated fluid to a lay-flat hose adapted to be pulled through the sphincter-type valve by the tube being .?.exerted.!. .Iadd.everted.Iaddend.. Use of the improved apparatus involves appropriate modifications of the usual eversion process involving applying and controlling the everting pressure and the pressure exerted against the sphincter-type valve by the fluid in the second chamber.