Abstract: A method for reducing the phosphorus concentration in exposed surface areas of a phosphosilicate glass microcircuit layer to reduce the corrosivity of the layer. The method comprises a two step treatment of the layer surface: first, exposing the surface to water vapor at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to hydrate available phosphorus in a region adjoining the surface, and second, removing the resultant acidic hydration products by rinsing the surface with water.

Abstract: Chemically stable polymers in aqueous alkaline solutions are dissolved in a strongly polar solvent, thoroughly dispersed from this solvent into and throughout the interstices of porous inorganic fabrics and subsequently separated from said solvent by precipitation to provide a homogeneous reinforcement of the structural properties of said fabrics.

Abstract: Novel quaternary ureidomethyl phosphonium salts having the general formula ##STR1## are prepared by condensing a urea having the formula RNHC(O)NR'R" with a quaternary hydroxymethyl phosphonium salt having the formula (HOCH.sub.2).sub.4 P.sup.+ X.sup.- in a molar ratio of at least 2:1. The products, which are characterized by the absence of residual hydroxymethyl groups, are useful as finishing agents for imparting flame retardant properties to cotton fabrics.

Abstract: A superficially mixed metal oxide electrode and a method of preparing same. The electrode is useful in anodic electrochemical reactions. There is no distinct outer layer of either noble metal or noble metal oxide. Instead, the noble metal or noble metal oxide is superficially mixed in with a layer of an oxide of a film-forming metal which has been deposited over a conductive base metal.

Abstract: A simulated leather element comprising a surface sheet and a base, the sheet containing a polyurethane elastomer produced from a polyol comprising at least 50% by weight of polydipropylene adipate, an organic diisocyanate and a chain extending agent. A method of producing such an element is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for applying a stain on a sheet of polyvinylbutyrate comprising contacting specific zones of the sheet of polyvinylbutyrate with a bath comprising water and a synthetic, organic stain; removing the sheet from the bath after a suitable time of contact; and washing the sheet thoroughly.

Abstract: An exposed aggregate surface is applied to a reinforced concrete swimming pool or similar structure by pumping through a discharge nozzle a mix which is deposited as a relatively thin layer which is then worked by trowelling to compact the aggregate and draw portland cement in the mix to the surface of the coating and a fine water spray is used to wash away the excess cement. The mix comprises fine aggregate substantially smaller in size than aggregate which will pass through a 1/2 inch mesh, a rich cement to aggregate ratio for example 1:1 by volume, the aggregate being substantially free of fines and a quantity of water such that a small slump is provided.

Abstract: Flame resistance sufficient to enable cellulose containing materials to pass modern flammability standards has been imparted to these materials by application of an aqueous solution containing a methylol phosphorus compound followed by heat drying to about 15% or less moisture content, and finally by polymerizing the phosphorus material in the cellulose containing material by any one of several indirect aqueous ammonia curing techniques. The invention provides an improved process for flame proofing cellulosic materials which avoids the use of ammonia gas during the cure and which results in little or no loss in tensile strength or in an undesirable change in hand. Cellulosic textiles treated by this process retain their flame resistant properties after repeated laundering.

Abstract: An organic coating bonded to a metallic substrate and applied from an acidic, aqueous coating composition containing epoxy resin solids and a cross linking resin. The resin solids are incorporated into the coating composition as an emulsion in a water insoluble solvent, so that the reactive resin is isolated from the acidic aqueous medium. The novel composition and the novel method result in a coating which can be pigmented and which can be utilized as a final corrosion resistant coating or as an undercoat for a later applied finish coat.

Abstract: Flexible core such as rubber rod useful as an internal mandrel in the construction of tubular articles, such as hose, is coated with a liquid lubricant substantially undiluted with solvent, and excess lubricant is removed using high pressure liquid spray jets impacting the core angularly and countercurrent to the direction of movement of the mandrel.

Abstract: A self-emulsifying anaerobic-curing composition is disclosed. The composition is rendered self-emulsifying by incorporating certain anionic and/or nonionic surfactants in a concentration range of about 0.25 to about 10.0 percent. The preferred anionics comprise the petroleum sulfonates and the sodium alkyl or alkylaryl sulfonates. The preferred nonionics comprise the ethoxylated alkyl alcohols, the ethoxylated alkyl phenols, and the polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene glycols. Any anaerobic monomer or monomer mixture in which the surfactant is soluble and compatible with the cure system may be used. These self-emulsifiable compositions have the advantage of being readily removed from surfaces by washing with water, which makes them especially useful in impregnation processes where uncured resin must be removed from areas which are difficult to wash, such as small, blind holes.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a luminescent screen which includes depositing a light-absorbing matrix upon a support, depositing a phosphor-particle layer on the matrix and support, and then coating the phosphor-particle layer with a film of organic polymeric material, the steps for salvaging the support and matrix substantially undisturbed, while substantially entirely removing the overlying material. In the method, the overlying material is contacted with an alkaline aqueous solution until the organic polymeric film is at least partially solubilized. Then, the overlying material is substantially entirely flushed away.

Abstract: The flame resistance of wool and other polyamide fibres is enhanced by depositing in the fibres a complexed zirconium compound formed with an organic chelating agent or a halide. From 0.5 to 5% of Zr (as ZrO.sub.2) is preferred and the zirconium should be in the form of an anionic complex and applied at a pH in the range 0.5 to 4. The complex can be applied by impregnation or exhaustion techniques or may be formed in situ in the fibres. Dyes including acid, premetallized and reactive dyes can be applied at the same time as the zirconium complex. Particularly preferred complexes include fluorozirconates, chlorozirconates and oxalic and citric acid complexes. Fluorocarbon and other oil- or water-repellent finishes are compatible with the zirconium complex.

Abstract: An improved process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight and having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the cellulose material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said textile materials with a nitrogen containing material, contiguous with impregnation with the poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation containing solution, and, after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.

Abstract: An improved, safe and economical process for impregnating a cellulose fabric with a flame retardant compound comprises: (a) impregnating the fabric with an aqueous solution of a phosphonium salt precondensate and a buffer; (b) adjusting the wet pick-up of the fabric and the concentration of the phosphonium salt precondensate in the pad bath such that the impregnated fabric has a phosphorus content of from about 3% to about 4% and a moisture content of from about 10% to about 20% both based on the weight of the fabric; and (c) without the necessity of drying the impregnated fabric, exposing it to ammonia in an amount and for a period of time sufficient to cure the compound. The impregnated fabric may then be subjected to conventional oxidation and process washing steps to yield the finished fabric.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a cathode ray tube an electrically conductive coating is provided on an inner surface of the tube. The boundary of said conductive coating in the neck of the tube is sharply defined by wetting the part of the surface of the tube not to be covered with a liquid to remove the conductive material from that part of the surface up to the boundary, and then rinsing the wetted surface to remove any remainder of the conductive material.

Abstract: Method of increasing the surface tension or specific surface energy of normally solid substrates by contacting same with a compound or compounds of certain metals selected from the IVth Group of the Periodic Table, in order to render the substrates permanently wettable to fluids.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the textile material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said material with said solution containing poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, and after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.

Abstract: Anti-plating agents which form, after heated, compounds having a composition of(0.5-9.0)M.sub.2 O.SiO.sub. 2.(0.1- 7.2)B.sub.2 O.sub.3.(1.0- 34.5)MgOwherein M represents an alkali metal, are disclosed. An anti-plating film formed on the surface of a steel sheet by the use of the agent is excellent in the property for preventing the sheet from being plated and in the peeling property from the sheet, and the agents are suitable for production of one-side hot-dip plated steel sheets.

Abstract: An improved process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the cellulose material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said material with a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation containing solution and a basic catalyst, said solution having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, and after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the cellulose material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said material with said solution containing poly(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium cation having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, and after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.

Abstract: Films and coatings are prepared from a dispersion of microscopic sheets of para ordered aromatic heterocyclic polymers by collecting the sheets from the dispersion either by filtration on a porous surface or by drawing a metal surface through the dispersion, and allowing the dispersion medium to evaporate. Upon drying the microscopic sheets coalesce to form the films or coatings. This procedure makes possible the fabrication of high quality, thermally stable films and coatings without the use of high temperature cures or other severe conditions.

Abstract: A method for determining the degree of cure of glass fibers coated with a heat-cured polymeric material wherein the coated glass fibers are contacted with water at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to extract watersoluble carbon material from the heat-cured polymeric material, and the resulting extract is subjected to analysis to determine the carbon content of the extract. It has been found that the carbon content of the aqueous extract is inversely proportional to the degree of cure of the polymeric material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel immersion tin bath composition and a novel and improved method of depositing a smooth, even, metallic tin coating over metallic surfaces, providing improved solderability.

Abstract: A dry cleaning process is provided which is effective for preventing wet-soil redeposition and improving stain-release characteristics of polyester textile material. The process advantages are accomplished by a dry cleaning solvent system contaning hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose as an anti-soiling agent.

Abstract: Hydrophobic diaphragm material, such as crystalline, highly expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene film, may be prepared for installation in a chlor-alkali cell by a process involving the steps of (1) immersing the diaphragm in a solution of acetal-type nonionic surfactant in a suitable non-aqueous solvent, (2) rinsing the diaphragm in deionized water, (3) immersing the diaphragm in an aqueous solution containing an amount of acetal-type nonionic surfactant effective to promote wetting for a suitable period of time, and (4) immersing the diaphragm in a brine solution containing about 100 to 200 grams per liter of sodium chloride and an amount effective to promote wetting of an acetal-type nonionic surfactant for a suitable period of time, such as several hours. In some instances, it is also advantageous to subject the diaphragm while immersed in the solvent solution to the action of a vacuum, to release trapped air.

Abstract: A multi-component thermoplastic fiber comprising a specified component of a copolymer of the vinyl series, and having very excellent drawability at a low temperature and excellent dimensional stability and a method of obtaining said product.

Abstract: A protective layer containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is provided over the riser of an anode having a porous film-forming metal anode body to render the riser non-wetting to a solution of manganese nitrate and thereby help prevent the formation of MnO.sub.2 on the riser during the subsequent pyrolysis step in the process of making a capacitor. The protective layer also helps to prevent mechanical damage to the anode during assembly of the capacitor. The protective layer over the anode riser may be applied by means such as dipping a wetted anode in a suspension containing particulate PTFE or by masking the anode body with a liquid and then spraying the riser with binderless material containing PTFE. The preferred embodiment employs high pressure spraying of the material containing PTFE over the anode riser.

Abstract: A procedure for tagging sand with a radioisotope for use in the study of sediment transport involves the precipitation of a metal radioisotope in the form of an iodide directly on the sand, followed by heating the sand to a temperature sufficient to effect a phase transformation of the sand and a decomposition of the metal iodide, leaving the metal firmly attached to the sand.

Abstract: Medical articles composed of silicone rubber coated with collagen to be used in living body, are manufactured by subjecting a surface of shaped articles composed of silicone rubber to a spark discharge, coating the thus treated surface with an acidic aqueous solution of collagen and then drying said surface to form collagen layer and irradiating the shaped article coated with collagen with high energy ionizing radiation under an atmosphere having such a humidity that the water content of the coated collagen becomes more than 20% by weight.

Abstract: A method of humidifying a panel of cellulosic material, at least one side of which has a surface through which the panel can absorb water. A liquid humidifying agent is applied to the panel surface which wets the surface of the panel, which is soluble in water, and which reduces the surface tension of the water. Water is also applied to the panel to cause the water to follow the humidifying agent into the panel to increase its moisture content to a desired value.

Abstract: A glare-reducing coating, as for a viewing surface of a cathode-ray tube, is prepared by (a) warming the surface of a support to about 30.degree. to 100.degree.C, (b) coating the warm surface with an aqueous solution containing a lithium stabilized silica sol, (c) drying the coating, (d) baking the dry coating at about 150.degree. to 450.degree.C, and then (e) subsequent to said heating step (d), washing the dry coating with hot water. The coating may contain carbon particles or carbon particles and a color-correcting dye.

Abstract: Hardboard and other wood articles are made fire resistant by immersing the wood in a molten ammonium phosphate salt batn, preferably monoammonium phosphate.