Abstract: Electrical steel sheets having superior magnetic properties, anti-noise properties, and workability, are ideal for use a compact iron core material in electric apparatuses, such as compact transformers, motors, and electric generators. A totally new electrical steel sheet and a manufacturing method therefor are proposed, in which the electrical steel sheet is not only most advantageous in magnetic properties but also advantageous from economic point of view. That is, the electrical steel sheet of the present invention is composed of from about 2.0 to 8.0 wt % Si, from about 0.005 to 3.0 wt % Mn, from about 0.0010 to 0.020 wt % Al, balance essentially iron. The magnetic flux density B50(L) in a rolling direction and the magnetic flux density B50(C) in the direction perpendicular thereto are 1.70 T or more, and the B50(L)/B50(C) is 1.005 to 1.100.

Abstract: A metallic object, having a metallic substrate of a valve metal or a valve metal alloy inclusive of intermetallic phases, and a thin polyphase oxide coating, is disclosed. The polyphase oxide coating has a metal oxide phase and at least one other organic and/or inorganic phase. The polyphase oxide coating is produced by bringing the metallic substrate into contact with an organic and/or inorganic component to be integrated into the polyphase oxide coating such that the inorganic and/or organic phases are present at or in the direct vicinity of the substrate surface and by simultaneously or subsequently anodically polarizing the substrate material in an electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A coating that inhibits stain formation in floor covering. The coating includes a copper amine complex, preferably a copper morpholine complex, and is advantageously applied to an underlayment upon which a floor covering is adhered. Coated panels and floor assemblies that include the coating are also described.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of obtaining improvements in the appearance of articles having both vertically and horizontally orientated surfaces and a coating composition for use in said method. The coating composition of the invention has a film-forming component (a) and a rheology control agent (b) having substantially colorless, substantially inorganic microparticles (i) and a compound (ii) comprising the reaction product of an amine and an isocyanate. A particularly preferred method of the invention requires applying the coating composition of the invention to an article having at least one horizontally orientated surface and at least one vertically orientated surface so as to provide a coated horizontally orientated surface and a coated vertically orientated surface, wherein the coated vertically orientated surface has improved sag resistance, most preferably having a sag resistance of at least 1.2 mils.

Abstract: A conductive paste having a desired viscosity which does not change with time, and having stable viscosity characteristics, and an electronic component formed using the conductive paste are provided, the conductive paste including a conductive powder, an organic vehicle, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound which has a tertiary amine structure and which is dissolved into the organic vehicle, and a compound which has a heterocyclic structure including nitrogen but not including sulfur and which is dissolved into the organic vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a method of plating a non-conductive product comprising the steps of: forming a coating film on a surface of the non-conductive product with a conductive paint having the following composition of solid ingredients: (a) a resin vehicle in 20 to 80 weight %, and (b) a conductive whisker in 80 to 20 weight %; and executing electroless plating on a surface of the coating film. Also provided are products produced by this method.

Abstract: An electrostatic self-assembly method of fabricating electrostrictive and piezoelectric thin film assemblies not only provides a thinner film than is attainable by conventional methods, but provides excellent molecular-level uniformity and precise structural control, and thus large, effective piezoelectric coefficients. The method produces a thin film assembly including (a) a substrate, and (b) a film having one or a plurality of layers disposed upon the substrate, wherein at least one of the layers includes a dipolar material, and this layer of dipolar material has a uniform thickness of at most 500 nm.

Abstract: According to the present invention, organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient, and processes for preparing the same are provided. In the organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient, formation of cracks, removal of surface, or deformation such as warp and distortion, under heat shock or upon aging, hardly occurs. The organic-inorganic hybrid polymer materials with compositional gradient are comprised of an organic polymer component and a metal oxide component which are covalently bonded each other, characterized in that concentration of the organic polymer component, or of the metal oxide component is increased or decreased in the direction of thickness of the material.

Abstract: A method for forming a silicone polymer insulation film having low relative dielectric constant, high thermal stability and high humidity-resistance on a semiconductor substrate is applied to a plasma CVD apparatus. The first step is vaporizing a silicon-containing hydrocarbon compound expressed by the general formula Si&agr;O&bgr;CxHy (&agr;=3, &bgr;=3 or 4, x, and y are integers) and then introducing the vaporized compound to the reaction chamber of the plasma CVD apparatus. The next step is introducing additive gas into the reaction chamber. The residence time of the material gas is lengthened by reducing the total flow of the reaction gas, in such a way as to formed a silicone polymer film having a micropore porous structure with low relative dielectric constant.

Abstract: This invention relates to a phosphoric acid group-containing non-aqueous dispersion wherein polymer particles are dispersed in a solution of a macromolecular dispersion stabilizer dissolved in an organic solvent, said polymer particle being a particle of polymer comprising a phosphoric acid group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomeric unit as a constituent component. With use of said phosphoric acid group-containing non-aqueous dispersion, there can be improved interlayer adhesivity between a metallic coating film, which is formed from a leafing type aluminum flake pigment, and another coating film adjacent thereto, without reducing the excellent effects such as dense metallic feeling of the coated surface, a chrome plating-like finish, and strong brightness feeling and strong flip-flop perperties, which are produced by such a metallic coating film.

Abstract: A process produces a substantially stable aqueous dispersion of metal or metal oxide particles suitable for use in forming a transparent conductive coating. The process comprises the steps of (a) adding a nanocrystalline material to water, the nanocrystalline material comprising primary particles of metal or metal oxide having a substantially spherical shape and (b) mixing the nanocrystalline material and water to form an aqueous dispersion. The process identified above, prepares a substantially stable aqueous dispersion of nanocrystalline particles, which may be used in forming a transparent conductive coating.

Abstract: Pigment preparations, having a solid content of 10 to 60 wt-%, obtainable by mixing together, in the presence of at least one water-miscible organic solvent, pigments coated with a silicon-oxygen-matrix with at least one resin having carboxyl groups sufficient to provide an acid value of 10 to 100 mg KOH/g resin and having an number average molecular mass of 500 to 5000, wherein the ratio of pigment to resin is in the range of 1:0.3 to 1:10, can be used for the preparation of water-borne effect base coats with shear stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a carrier material having an inorganic molecular structure and a surface coating produced by applying a substance and by heat treatment. The invention also relates to a method for the production and to the appropriate uses of said surface coating. Carrier materials made of glass, metal or ceramic should be provided with a surface coating with anti-sticking properties against water-based and/or oil-based organic materials or water-oil emulsions while exhibiting at the same time essentially better temperature-resistant and anti-scratch characteristics than conventional PTFE or silicon coatings. The requirements are met by an inventive surface coating consisting of a combination of inorganic molecules of the carrier material and organic molecules of an applied substance on the uppermost molecular layer of said coating. In order to produce such a surface, an inorganic substance with silicone-like networks is initially applied.

Abstract: Aqueous coating compositions comprise a water-soluble or water-dispersible film-forming polymer, a metallic pigment based on coated metal flakes, an organic nitro compound which is further carboxyl-, carbonyl- and/or hydroxyl-functionalized, and an organic solvent in which the nitro compound is soluble, along with further components customary for aqueous coating compositions.

Abstract: A copper foil having improved resistance to abrasion damage during the manufacture of printed circuit boards has a uniform deposit of benzotriazole (BTA) or BTA derivative, optionally a mixture thereof, of at least about 5 mg/m2.

Abstract: An antisoiling coating for an antireflective surface, particularly the outer surface of an antireflective film stack, wherein the antisoiling coating includes a fluorinated siloxane, preferably prepared by applying a coating composition of a fluorinated silane, having a number average molecular weight of at least about 1000, of the following formula: Rƒ—[—R1—SiY3−xR2x]y  (I) wherein: Rƒ is a monovalent or divalent polyfluoropolyether group; R1 is a divalent alkylene group, arylene group, or combinations thereof, R2 is a lower alkyl group; Y is a halide, a lower alkoxy group, or a lower acyloxy group; x is 0 or 1; and y is 1 or 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anticorrosive treatment including following steps (1) contacting a metal to be treated with an aqueous solution containing one or more kinds of compounds containing phosphorus ions, (2) washing it if desired, and (3) applying anticorrosive coatings containing one or more kinds of sulfur compounds and a water dispersible silica in a composition containing an aqueous resin and water as main components.

Abstract: The treatment agent is a four-liquid one-powder coloring type agent consisting of a polymeric water emulsion having hydroxyl groups and/or carboxyl groups; a silica-based granular material; a base treatment agent in the state of a liquid; a base reinforcing agent in the state of a liquid; and a coloring agent. The base treatment agent is a mixture generally comprised of a silica-based powder or granular material; a calcium-containing substance coontaining calcium hydroxide and/or a calcium oxide; organic acid and/or salt of organic acid having an acid dissociation exponent ranging from 3 to 5; and water. The base reinforcing agent is a mixture generally comprised of an aqueous solution of alkali silicate; and organic acid and/or salt of organic acid having an acid dissociation exponent ranging from 3 to 5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating formulation for use in multicoat paint systems, which a) comprises as binder a water-dilutable polyurethane resin which has an acid number of from 10 to 60 and a number-average molecular weight of from 4000 to 25,000 and can be prepared by reacting with one another aa) a polyester—and/or polyether-polyol having a number-average molecular weight of from 400 to 5000 or a mixture of such polyester—and/or polyether-polyols, bb) a polyisocyanate or mixture of polyisocyanates, cc) a compound which has in the molecule at least one group which in reactive toward isocyanate groups and at least one group which is capable of forming anions, or a mixture of such compounds, and optionally dd) a hydroxyl—and/or amino-containing organic compound having a molecular weight of from 40 to 400, or a mixture of such compounds and at least partially neutralizing the resulting reaction product, and b) comprises pigments and/or fillers, the ratio of binder to pigment

Abstract: A composition for passivating a metal substrate is provided. The composition is prepared by mixing together: a) Group IIIB or IVB metal compound; and b) a reaction product of an epoxy group-containing polymer or oligomer, a hydroxy functional acid and a dialkanolamine. The compositions, which are substantially free of chrome, are used to treat metal substrates prior to the application of a protective or decorative coating.