Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes at least one substrate; and an alignment layer over the substrate, wherein the alignment layer includes material having a main chain adapted to be aligned by a rubbing process and a photo-reactive side chain adapted to be aligned by irradiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display utilizing a vertically aligned state of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied and to a method of manufacturing the same. The invention is aimed at providing a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same in which the existing step for forming vertical alignment films can be omitted to achieve a cost reduction. The liquid crystal display includes a monofunctional monomer having a structure expressed by X—R (where X represents an acrylate group or a methacrylate group, and R represents an organic group having a steroid skeleton). A liquid crystal material is sandwiched between substrates which is then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the monofunctional monomer, thereby forming a polymer film at an interface of a substrate. The monofunctional monomer has a hydrophobic skeleton such as an alkyl chain and a photoreactive group on one side of the skeleton.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first display panel and a second display panel facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first display panel and the second display panel and including pre-tilted liquid crystal molecules and a first compound derived from a reactive mesogen; and an alignment layer positioned between the first display panel and the second display panel, wherein the alignment layer includes a polyimide derived from a composition including a dianhydride-based compound, and a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1. In the above Chemical Formula 1, R1 is a substituted or non-substituted C1-C8 alkyl group, R2 is a substituted or non-substituted C8-C30 alkyl group, and A1 is a functional group including a substituted or non-substituted aliphatic ring and a substituted or non-substituted aromatic ring.

Abstract: A material from which a cured film exhibiting high solvent resistance, liquid crystal-alignment performance, heat resistance and high transparency can be formed. A composition for forming a thermoset film having photo alignment properties, the composition comprising: a component (A) that is an acrylic copolymer having a photodimerizing moiety and a thermal cross-linking moiety; a component (B) that is an acrylic polymer having at least one of a C2-5 alkyl ester group and a C2-5 hydroxyalkyl ester group and at least one of a carboxy group and a phenolic hydroxy group; and a component (C) that is a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: A method for alignment treatment of a substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes the steps of: forming an alignment film including a plurality of molecules with curable parts on a substrate; applying an electrical field on the substrate to rotate the curable parts; and curing the curable parts such that the curable parts are cured along a first direction. A manufacturing method of the LCD device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A material from which a cured film exhibiting high solvent resistance, liquid crystal-alignment performance, heat resistance and high transparency can be formed. A composition for forming a thermoset film having photo alignment properties, including: a component (A) that is an acrylic copolymer having a photodimerizing moiety and a thermal cross-linking moiety; and a component (B) that is a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: Disclosed therein is a novel cyclic olefin compound having a photoreactive group and a novel photoreactive polymer. The cyclic olefin compound is applicable to various photoreactions, such as of liquid crystal alignment films and can be preferably used as a precursor of different organic compounds or polymers.

Abstract: Disclosed therein are a cyclic olefin compound, a photoreactive polymer, and an alignment layer comprising the photoreactive polymer, where the cyclic olefin compound can be used to provide the photoreactive polymer having not only excellences in liquid crystal alignment and alignment rate but also readiness for change in the alignment direction depending on the polarization direction.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes preparing at least a first substrate, coating an alignment material on at least the first substrate, aligning a main chain of the alignment material in a predetermined direction, and irradiating polarized ultraviolet (UV) rays onto the alignment material whose main chain has been aligned in the predetermined direction to form an alignment layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula Ic, in which R2-R6 can each independently be selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl (e.g., methyl); L1 and L4 are each independently a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —OC(O)—R8—C(O)O—, where R8 can be divalent hydrocarbyl (e.g., —CH2CH2—); each L2 and each L5 each independently represent a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 and each L6 each independently represent a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t and s are each independently from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; q and r are each independently from 0 to 4 for each s, provided that the sum of q and r is at least 1 for each s; and E1 and E2 can each independently be hydrogen or hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment layer composition showing excellent adhesive strength to a substrate and a liquid crystal layer and excellent homeotropic alignment of liquid crystals, a liquid crystal alignment layer prepared with the same, a preparation method of the liquid crystal alignment layer, an optical film including the liquid crystal alignment layer, and a display device including the same. According to the present invention, provided are a liquid crystal alignment layer composition which comprises 1-50 wt % of a photocurable resin binder, 0.01-5 wt % of an amine compound selected from the group consisting of primary and secondary amino-based coupling agents, 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for liquid crystal alignment layer used to provide a liquid crystal alignment layer that exhibits excellent alignment and maintains stable alignment without disturbance despite external stress such as electrical/thermal stress, a liquid crystal alignment layer, and a liquid crystal cell. The composition for liquid crystal alignment layer comprises a norbornene-based polymer having a photoreactive group, a binder, a reactive mesogen, and a photoinitiator.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal film, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal film, a method of controlling an average tilt angle of the liquid crystal film, a polarizing plate, and a liquid crystal display device. A liquid crystal film that has excellent properties including durability and an optical property and is capable of being effectively used for various uses may be provided. In addition, the physical properties of the liquid crystal film may be easily controlled according to a desired use.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal material between the first and second substrates, and an alignment layer on at least one of the first and second substrates. The liquid crystal material includes 10-90 wt % of a non-polar liquid crystal compound and 10-90 wt % of a polar liquid crystal compound, wherein a total amount of the non-polar and the polar liquid crystal compounds is 100 wt %. The non-polar liquid crystal compound has a dielectric anisotropy (??) of ?1????1, and the polar liquid crystal compound has a dielectric anisotropy (??) of ???1. The alignment layer has at least one of a polyamic acid and a cyclodehydration of the polyamic acid, wherein the polyamic acid is obtained by reacting a diamine compound with a tetracarboxylic acid dianhyhydirde compound.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to photoreactive polymer exhibiting more rapid photoreaction speed and excellent alignment, a preparation method thereof, and an alignment layer comprising the same. The photoreactive polymer comprises a specific repeat unit including an azo type functional group in the content of 50 mole % or more of the total polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photoreactive norbornene polymer comprising a photoreactive norbornene monomer, a process for preparing the same, and an alignment layer using the same. The photoreactive norbornene polymer includes a photoreactive functional group having a halogen, in particular, a fluorine substituent group so that it gives a compositional gradient in the alignment layer to improve an orientation rate, an orientation, and an adhesion property.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal layer containing a nematic liquid crystal material; a pair of electrodes opposing each other via the liquid crystal layer; a pair of alignment films respectively provided between the pair of electrodes and the liquid crystal layer; and an alignment sustaining layer formed of a photopolymerized material on each of surfaces of the pair of alignment films which are closer to the liquid crystal layer, the alignment sustaining layer being configured to regulate a pretilt azimuth of a liquid crystal molecule of the liquid crystal layer during the absence of an applied voltage across the liquid crystal layer, wherein the pretilt azimuth of the liquid crystal molecule of the liquid crystal layer is regulated by the alignment sustaining layer during the absence of an applied voltage across the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an epoxy compound for a liquid crystal photo-alignment agent, a liquid crystal photo-alignment agent, and a liquid crystal photo-alignment film. The epoxy compound is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1. In the above Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is the same as defined in the specification. Since the epoxy compound according to an embodiment of the present invention may be prepared through a simple manufacturing process, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal photo-alignment agent and a liquid crystal photo-alignment film that are economical and have excellent substrate printability and reliability, and superb photoelectric characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical film, a method for manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display device including the same. In detail, the optical film according to the present invention includes an acryl-based substrate, a liquid crystal alignment film, and a liquid crystal film, the liquid crystal alignment film can maintain strong adhesion strength between the acryl-based substrate and the liquid crystal alignment film and between the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal film by further introducing a monomer having a functional group capable of performing crosslinking reaction to the photoreactive polymer.

Abstract: A method for forming an electronic device having a semiconducting active layer comprising a polymer, the method comprising aligning the chains of the polymer parallel to each other by bringing the polymer into a liquid-crystalline phase.

Abstract: A liquid crystal-containing composition includes a microcapsule. In the microcapsule, a liquid crystal is encapsulated by a shell material component containing polyurea. Monomer components included in the polyurea include a polyisocyanate component, a high molecular weight polyamine component and a low molecular weight polyamine component.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment film excellent in evenness; and a liquid crystal display device. The present invention provides a composition for forming a liquid crystal alignment film, wherein the composition comprises: a material for forming a liquid crystal alignment film; diethylene glycol diethyl ether; diisobutyl ketone; and at least one of ?-butyrolactone and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as solvents.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal photo-alignment agent that includes a polyamic acid copolymer including a repeating unit having the following Formula 1 and a repeating unit having the following Formula 2; a polyimide copolymer including a repeating unit having the following Formula 3 and a repeating unit having the following Formula 4; or a combination thereof: wherein the definition of R1 to R8 are the same as in the specification. The liquid crystal photo-alignment agent can have improved liquid crystal alignment properties, electrical characteristics such as voltage holding ratio, pretilt angle, residual DC, and the like, printability, cleaning stability, and spot stability, and is capable of unidirectionally aligning liquid crystals by ultraviolet (UV) exposure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards polymerizable dichroic azo dyes comprising azo-chromophores having at least one standard mesogenic ring system attached to said chromophores and at least one polymerizable group leading to dyes having sufficient solubilty and a very high order parameter.

Abstract: A composition comprising at least one liquid crystal compound, and at least one polymer is disclosed. The polymer comprises a constitutional unit represented by a following formula (A) and a constitutional unit derived from a monomer having a fluoroaliphatic group(s): wherein Mp represents a trivalent group constituting fully or partially a polymer main chain; L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; and X represents a substituted or non-substituted aromatic condensed ring group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal electric optical device having a low rotational viscosity (?1) and appropriate elastic constants. A fluorine-containing liquid crystal compound represented by formula (1). R1-(A1-Z1)a-(A2-Z2)b-(A3-Z3)c-A4-(CH2)n-CF?CF—R2 (1), R1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl group, R2 is a halogen atom or an alkyl group that may be halogen-substituted or which may include a (thio)ether group, A1 to A4 may be a phenylene group or a cyclohexylene group that may be halogen-substituted or which may include a (thio)ether group, Z1 to Z3 are a single bond, —O—, —S—, or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group that may be halogen-substituted or which may include a (thio)ether group. n is an integer from 0 to 3, and a, b, and c are 0 or 1, provided that a+b+c is 1 or greater.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerizable liquid crystal composition that includes a polymerizable reactive homeotropic alignment liquid crystal mixture solution and a primary or secondary amino compound, a homeotropic alignment liquid crystal film using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, regardless of the alignment film, a stable homeotropic alignment liquid crystal film may be manufactured.

Abstract: Diamine compounds, which in particular are useful as precursors for the production of liquid crystal alignment layers, are represented by the general formula I: wherein A1 represents an organic group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms; A2 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group of 1 to 40 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided which is capable of reducing the occurrence of defective display due to variations in the initial alignment direction of a liquid crystal alignment control film in a liquid crystal display of an IPS scheme, realizing the stable liquid crystal alignment, providing excellent mass productivity, and having high image quality with a higher contrast ratio. The liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates being transparent, and an alignment control film formed between the liquid crystal layer and the substrate. At least one of the alignment control films 109 comprises photoreactive polyimide and/or polyamic acid provided with an alignment control ability by irradiation of substantially linearly polarized light.

Abstract: A soft mold may be manufactured that is used for forming a pattern. Semiconductor devices and flat panel display devices include a plurality of fine patterns on a substrate. The soft mold may be photo-curable and formed of a material with a hydrophobic property similar to heat-curable molds. The photo-curable mold may be created on a master plate with a resin layer that is removed with a back plate and adhesive layer after embossed or depressed portions are formed on the mold that correspond with embossed or depressed portions of the master plate.

Abstract: According to a composition for a photo-alignment film of the present invention, which includes an azo compound and a polymer that exhibits mutual solubility with the azo compound, an adhesion to a substrate, particularly to a plastic substrate, is improved within both a photo-alignment film having a haze of not more than 1 obtained by forming a layer of the above composition for a photo-alignment film on a substrate and subsequently irradiating the layer with light to generate a liquid crystal alignment ability; and an optically anisotropic medium, wherein a layer (A) obtained by irradiating a layer of the above composition for a photo-alignment film with light to generate a liquid crystal alignment ability, and a polymer layer (B) obtained by polymerizing a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group in an aligned state generated by the layer (A) are bonded and laminated together by covalent bonds.

Abstract: A method for producing a cellulose acylate composition, which comprises filtering a solution in which cellulose acylate satisfying the following formulae 1 to 3 and having melt viscosity of 150 to 1000 Pa·s at 230° C. is dissolved in a solvent through a filter having a retention particle size of 0.1 to 40 ?m, and mixing the filtered solution with a poor solvent to reprecipitate cellulose acylate: 1.5?A+B?3??Formula 1 0?A?2.0??Formula 2 1.0?B?3??Formula 3 where A is a substitution degree for an acetyl group of a hydrogen atom which constitutes a hydroxyl group of cellulose, and B is a substitution degree for an acyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms of a hydrogen atom which constitutes a hydroxyl group of cellulose.

Abstract: A twisted nematic (TN) mode liquid crystal display is provided. The liquid crystal display includes first and second display panels facing each other to create an electric field therebetween, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second display panels. The liquid crystal layer contains liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the liquid crystal layer has a structure in which long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned spirally from the first display panel to the second display panel when no electric field is created in the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules have a dielectric anisotropy (??) in a range of 4.5 to 5.7, a splay elastic constant (K11) of 14 pN or less, and a bend elastic constant (K33) of 12 pN or greater.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment layer used in a liquid crystal cell, which is capable of providing high pretilt angles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel cyclic olefin compound, a polymer including the cyclic olefin compound, a liquid crystal alignment film including the polymer, and a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal alignment film. Since the polymer includes the cyclic olefin compound as a main chain, the thermal stability is excellent and the photoreactive speed is high. Accordingly, the production time can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the anchoring force of the liquid crystal can be increased because the alignment property is stabilized due to the curing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for new photoalignment (co)polymer materials which demonstrate improved adhesion to a substrate. The (co)polymeric structure includes at least one photochemically active chromophore and at least one adhesion promoter group. Articles of manufacture, optical elements, ophthalmic elements and liquid crystal cells which include at least one photoalignment layer made from the photoalignment (co)polymer materials and methods for formation are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photoalignment film composition containing a compound represented by general formula (1) and a compound having a hydrophilic group and a (meth)acryloyloxy group, an optically anisotropic medium using a photoalignment film comprised of the photoalignment film composition, and a method for preparing thereof: (wherein, R1 and R2 respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, carboxyl group or alkali metal salt thereof, halogenated methyl group, halogenated methoxy group, cyano group, nitro group, —OR5, hydroxylalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, —CONR6R7 or methoxycarbonyl group, and R3 and R4 respectively and independently represent a carboxyl group or alkali metal salt thereof, sulfo group or alkali metal salt thereof, nitro group, amino group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, sulfamoyl group or hydroxyl group).

Abstract: A phase difference plate which comprises one sheet of polymer film containing a compound having a rod-shaped molecular structure and exhibiting a maximum absorption wavelength (?max) of less than 250 nm in an ultraviolet spectrum of its solution and which exhibits a retardation value as measured at a wavelength of 450 nm (Re450) of 60 to 135 nm and a retardation value as measured at a wavelength of 590 nm (Re590) of 100 to 170 nm, where the relationship: Re590?Re450?2 nm is satisfied. The phase difference plate functions as a ?/4 plate.

Abstract: Microstructured articles such as brightness enhancing film and turning films having a (e.g. brightness enhancing) polymerized structure comprising the reaction product an organic phase and at least 10 wt-% inorganic nanoparticles. The reaction product of the organic phase has a glass transition temperature of less than 35° C.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that has an excellent mass-productivity and gives an image improved by the reduction of the chromaticity difference between white display and black display, the reduction of coloring and luminance in black display, and the improvement of the contrast ratio. In the present invention, of a pair of alignment films 131 and 132 formed on a pair of substrates 101 and 102, respectively, the alignment film 132 formed on the glass substrate 102 on the observer side is made of a material obtained by adding a photoisomerized compound to a photosensitive polymer and has anisotropic absorption all over the visible light wavelength region (approximately 400 nm to 750 nm).

Abstract: Subject The subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of the nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding at least two of the characteristics. The subject is also to provide the AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life, and so forth.

Abstract: Disclosed are a silicon-containing compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same compound, and a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer prepared from the liquid crystal composition. The silicon-containing compound, which forms the liquid crystal composition, has low viscosity and high negative (?) dielectric anisotropy. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device, which has a fast response time and can be driven at a low voltage.

Abstract: A liquid crystal alignment solution is provided. The liquid crystal alignment solution includes a first polyimide-polyamide acid and a second polyimide-polyamide acid. The first polyimide-polyamide acid is represented by formula (A), and the second polyimide-polyamide acid is represented by formula (B), in which T1, T2, T3 and T4 are each independently a tetravalent residue of a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride; D1, D2, D3 and D4 are each independently a divalent residue of a diamine; and m, n, p and q are each independently an positive integer, wherein m/(m+n)?0.5 and p/(p+q)?0.5.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods for manufacturing complex, anisotropic materials with desirable properties for information storage, processing, and display. Certain of these methods involve employing a magnetic field during manufacture to induce desired orientations of precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies. The applied magnetic field steers the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies into desirable orientations while the precursors, subunits, and/or molecular subassemblies are assembled or self-assemble into a complex, anisotropic material. One embodiment of the present invention is a class of new, complex, well-ordered, network-like materials that include a ferromagnetic-material-based framework in which organic and/or organometallic compounds are organized.

Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-t-butyl-1-naphthalene-succinic dianhydride is provided. The tetracarboxylic dianhydride is represented by Formula 1, which is described in the specification. Further provided is a liquid crystal aligning agent comprising a polyimide prepared using the tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a solvent. Further provided is a liquid crystal alignment layer formed using the liquid crystal aligning agent. The liquid crystal alignment layer exhibits excellent electro-optical properties and good processability in terms of printability.

Abstract: A photo-alignment agent and a liquid crystal display using the same are provided. A photo-reactive group according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a first alignment material without a photo-reactive group, a second alignment material including a photo-reactive group, and a photosensitizer mixed with the second alignment material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for liquid crystal alignment layer, a preparation method of liquid crystal alignment layer using the same, and an optical film comprising the liquid crystal alignment layer. More particularly, the composition for liquid crystal alignment layer according to the present invention includes crosslinkable functional monomers as well as a photoreactive polymer, thereby improving thermal stability and durability of the liquid crystal alignment layer that is prepared by using the composition for liquid crystal alignment layer. In addition, when the liquid crystal alignment layer is used to produce an optical film, adhesive strength between substrate and liquid crystal alignment layer and between liquid crystal alignment layer and liquid crystal film can be improved.

Abstract: A main object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display using a ferroelectric liquid crystal, with the ferroelectric liquid crystal in the mono-stability state and the excellent alignment stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing a liquid crystal material. The inventive method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps consisting in: applying a first treatment to a liquid crystal mixture having a helical structure comprising a first non-photoreactive liquid crystal (A) and a second photoreactive liquid crystal (B), said first treatment modifying a handedness of the helix of the mixture; and applying a second treatment to the mixture such that the second liquid crystal (B) forms a polymer network, said second treatment being performed during all or part of the first treatment such that the liquid crystal material retains a memory of the modifications to the helix and the entire volume of the material has both a right-handed and left-handed helical structure.

Abstract: An optical film comprising a transparent film, and, on the film, at least one layer formed by applying a composition comprising a titanium compound and/or a zirconium compound and a vinyl alcohol-based resin to a surface is disclosed.