Abstract: A hexagonal cell honeycomb structure body has a plurality of hexagonal cells. Each hexagonal cell is surrounded by six cell walls in a hexagonal lattice shape. A R-shaped corner part of an approximate circular-arc shape is alternately formed at interior angle parts of the six cell walls forming each hexagonal cell. The three R-shaped corner parts are at the alternate internal corners of each hexagonal cell observed from a cross section of the axis direction of the hexagonal cell honeycomb structure body. A radius of curvature of each R-shaped corner part is larger than that of the interior corner part having no R-shaped corner part. The minimum radius of curvature of the R-shaped corner part is 2.8 to 5 times of a thickness of each hexagonal cell wall, namely within a range of 0.25 mm to 0.45 mm.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure body is composed of hexagonal cells and an outer peripheral wall. Each hexagonal cell is surrounded by six cell walls of a hexagonal arrangement. The cell walls are divided into standard cell walls and reinforced cell walls. The strength of each reinforced cell wall is stronger than that of each standard cell wall. The reinforced cell walls form a strength reinforced area. Each component in the strength reinforced area has an approximate straight-line shape observed on a cross section in the diameter direction of the honeycomb structure body. Both ends of each component in the strength reinforced area are contacted to the outer peripheral wall.

Abstract: A mat for protecting surfaces from the accumulation of liquids is provided. The mat comprises a molded polymeric grid layer made of an elastomeric material having several openings and an absorbent core. The absorbent core comprises a moisture absorbent layer and a moisture barrier layer. The grid layer has a surface engaging perimeter, and the moisture barrier comprises a skid resistant material. The mat is foldable from an unfolded configuration to a first folded configuration and from the first folded configuration to a second folded configuration.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor die for increasing usable area of a wafer and for increasing yield has a substantially hexagonal shape. The wafer can have, for example, a circular shape. The semiconductor die can be diced by, for example, using a water-jet-guided laser. In one embodiment, the semiconductor die results in an approximately 2.0% to 4.0% reduction in the unusable area of the wafer. Moreover, the substantially hexagonal shape of the semiconductor die reduces stress at corners of the semiconductor die, thus increasing the yield of the wafer.

Abstract: A method for making an elastic laminate includes providing adhesive on each of two sides of a highly porous foil to form a polygonal reticulate adhesive film which includes a plurality of polygonal adhesive dots spaced from one another by a plurality of adhesive-free linear gaps, or which includes a plurality of hollow polygonal adhesive units connected to one another and each encloses a polygonal adhesive-free gap. Two sheets of elastic layers are adhered by the adhesive to the sides of the highly porous foil so that polygonal reticulate gaps exist between the highly porous foil and the elastic layer, providing a laminate with moisture-absorbing, permeable, quick drying, thermally insulating, and elastic properties.

Abstract: A product made from an extruded sheet or web of material having a non-linear cross-section, and the process of making the product is provided. The extruded web or extrudate is plastically deformed in selected areas and then folded. When folded into the appropriate shape, the extrudate is formed into a product having a plurality of cells. Optionally, the cells can include one or more openings, allowing access to an interior of the cell and reducing the weight of the product.

Abstract: A wall-flow honeycomb filter has a monolith body which includes repeating hexagonal unit cells, wherein each hexagonal unit cell has inner cells and outer cells arranged in a hexagonal symmetry, and wherein the inner cells are bordered by the outer cells and the outer cells are of diamond shape.

Abstract: The invention relates to a perforated adhesive film (16) that will be used to glue a wall on one face of a cellular structure (10) to form a sandwich panel. The adhesive film (16) comprises at least one hole and not more than three holes (18) facing each of the cells (12) of the cellular structure (10). Preferably, the holes (18) are formed by punching an unperforated adhesive film. The holes (18) enable the formation of regular glue dabs on the ends of the partitions (14) separating cells (12) in the cellular structure (10), when the adhesive film (16) is heated before the wall is glued.

Abstract: In a method of the present invention for holding a substrate in a vacuum, a glass substrate (5) is held by an adhesive pad (20) or an adhesive sheet, both of which are made from a material containing a diene based resin, whereby an adhesive agent is prevented from remaining on the substrate, and the adhesive sheet can be detached with ease from the substrate after assembling the substrates.

Abstract: A hexagonal-cell honeycomb structure having a plurality of cell walls having a hexagonal shape in cross-section and forming a plurality of hexagonal cell passages, and a tubular skin layer surrounding the cell walls, The thickness of the basic cell walls is 140 ?m or less and an inscribed circle diameter Da inscribed at an intersectional portion of the basic cell walls 2 and an cell pitch P having the relationship Da/P?0.13.

Abstract: A collapsible cellular insulation panel for use with mobile shelters is provided. The panel comprises first and second outer sheets with a plurality of intermediate thin flexible membranes. The membranes are secured along first and second edges to inner surfaces of the outer sheets. The membranes are attached to adjacent membranes along strips that are parallel to and intermediate the first and second membrane edges. The interconnected membranes form cells that trap insulating air and break up convective currents between the outer sheets. Supported from underneath on a horizontal surface, the membranes lay substantially flat, such that a thickness of the panel substantially equals the sum of the thicknesses of the membranes and outer sheets. The panel is thus well adapted for use with mobile shelters, because it occupies little volume in the collapsed state.

Abstract: A damping element for a shoe, especially for a sports shoe, having at least one first element which extends essentially in a load direction over a pre-determined height in the unloaded state of the damping element, and is embodied as a hollow body defining a receiving area in which an associated second element with a smaller cross-section can at least partially penetrate. The second element extends essentially in the load direction over a pre-determined height in the unloaded state of the damping element, and is arranged coaxially in relation to the first element. To improve the damping performance of the shoe, the second element is also embodied as a hollow body and the two associated elements are interconnected by means of an elastic connecting section which only extends between the first-element and the second element so that the elements together form a gas-tight chamber.

Abstract: There is provided a honeycomb structure 1 produced by bonding a plurality of honeycomb segments 12 into one piece via a bonding layer 8, each segment 12 having a number of through-holes 3 divided from each other by porous partition walls 2 and extending in the axial direction of the honeycomb segment. The bonding layer 8 comprises at least one cement layer 10 and at least one undercoat layer 9 present between the honeycomb segment 12 and the cement layer 10. There is provided a process for producing a honeycomb structure 1, wherein bonding the honeycomb segments 12 comprises applying at least one layer of an undercoat on each honeycomb segment 12, applying at least one layer of a cement, and bonding the honeycomb segments into one piece. The honeycomb structure has a high bonding strength and hardly gives defects such as cracks in bonded portion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a honeycomb structure which can be used as a filter for trapping/collecting particulates included in an exhaust gas and in which it is possible to remove ashes deposited inside without requiring any special mechanism or apparatus or without being detached from the exhaust system. The structure comprises a plurality of through channels 9 extending to an axial direction of a honeycomb structure, porous partition walls 7 separating through channels one another, and plugging portions 11; said plugging portion plugging predetermined through channels 9a at one end and the rest of through channels 9b at other end opposite to the plugged end of the predetermined through channels, wherein at least a part of predetermined crossing portions of the porous partition walls is discontinued to form a void portion 17 in each of the predetermined crossing portions.

Abstract: A seal has a non-woven fabric folded along lines transverse to the opposite side of the seal and secured by adhesive to fabric strips. The non-woven fabric forms elongated cells with a plurality of the cells receiving inserts to increase seal stiffness. By securing one of these strips to a stationary component of the sealing surfaces, the opposite strip may expand or collapse relative to a movable sealing surface to accommodate excursions of that surface. Multiple layers of cells may be provided in the seals. The inserts may have various cross-sectional configurations including circular, triangular or rhombic and formed of tubes, solid rods or coiled springs.

Abstract: The present patent describes a biocompatible composite made of a first fibrous layer attached to a three-dimensional inter-connected open cell porous foams that have a gradient in composition and/or microstructure through one or more directions. These composites can be made from blends of absorbable and biocompatible polymers. These biocompatible composites are particularly well suited to tissue engineering applications and can be designed to mimic tissue transition or interface zones.

Abstract: A cellular structure such as a honeycomb window treatment comprises a plurality of rows of elongated cells secured to one another. Each of the rows is constructed by providing a first longitudinally extending length of material, which includes a first surface and a second surface, as well as, a lesser width portion and a greater width portion. A second length of material is also provided that includes a first surface and a second surface. The second surface of the second material is secured to the first surface over the greater width portion of the first material along a plurality longitudinally extending locations on the second surface of the second material to form a row. A longitudinally extending crease is also formed in the first material such that the lesser width portion and the greater width portion of the first material lie on opposite sides of the crease.

Abstract: A table or counter mat having a composite sheet structure comprising a non-slip backing layer 3, a top liquid absorbent textile surface 1 for resting cups, mugs or glasses, and an intermediate stabilisation layer 2 joining the backing layer 3 to the textile surface 1 wherein the resultant mat is absorbent and readily able to be laundered. The invention also provides a method of forming the table or counter mat by curing and bonding of the nitrile rubber backing layer 3 to the intermediate layer 2 and upper polyester textile layer 1 at greater than 100° C. and preferably greater than 170° C. and a sublimation printing 4 for printing on the textile layer 1 occurs at greater that 100° C. and preferably greater than 170° C. such that the mat is able to be laundered in hot water.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure, and a process for production thereof, formed by bonding into one piece via a bonding layer a plurality of honeycomb segments, the honeycomb segment having an outer wall, partition walls provided inside the outer wall, and a large number of through-holes divided by the partition walls and extending in the axial direction of the segment; the outer wall and bonding layer having a relation: d*[(?a/da)+(?c/dc)]???d*[(?a/da)+(?c/dc)]×0.6 wherein ?c (W/mK) and dc (cm) are respectively the thermal conductivity and thickness of the outer wall, ?a (W/mK) and da (cm) are respectively the thermal conductivity and thickness of the bonding layer, and ? (W/mK) and d (cm) are respectively the thermal conductivity and thickness of a layer which is the sum of the outer wall and the bonding layer.

Abstract: A thin-walled honeycomb structure includes: a circumferential wall, numerous partition walls disposed inside the circumferential wall, and numerous cell passages defined by the partition walls. A circumferential portion of the honeycomb structure is reinforced wholly or in a part within a certain distance from an extremity surface of the honeycomb structure by a reinforcing material that dissipates or evaporates at a high temperature, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: There is provided a particulate filter for trapping particulates contained in an exhaust gas discharged from a combustion chamber of an engine, comprising a plurality of exhaust gas flow passages each formed by three porous partitions extending substantially parallel with each other, each of the exhaust gas flow passages having a triangular cross section, wherein the partitions defining one of the adjacent exhaust gas flow passages are deformed at one end area of the filter so that the partitions at one end area of the filter approach each other toward one of the ends of the filter, the deformed portions of the partitions are connected to each other at their ends, thereby an opening of one of the adjacent exhaust gas flow passages is at least partially closed, the partitions defining the other exhaust gas flow passage are deformed at the other end area of the filter so that the partitions at the other end area of the filter approach each other toward the other end of the filter, and the deformed portions of t

Abstract: The present invention is directed to thermoplastic elastomer films and bags made from thermoplastic elastomer films and also to methods for making thermoplastic elastomer films and bags. The thermoplastic elastomer films of the present invention are composed of thermoplastic elastomers and non-elastic polyesters. The bags of the present invention are fabricated using blended monolayer thermoplastic films that include a blend of thermoplastic elastomer and a non-elastic polyester, or co-extruded multi-layer films that include at least one layer of thermoplastic elastomer and at least one layer of non-elastic polyester. The blended monolayer thermoplastic films of the present invention are useful in the food handling industry and particularly in the meat packaging industry and for use in cooking bag applications. The co-extruded films of the present invention are also useful in the food handling industry and particularly the meat packaging industry and for use in meat casing applications.

Abstract: A stabilized thermally conductive mechanical compliant laminate pad to be interposed between opposed surfaces of a generating semi-conductor device and a heat sink, with the laminate pad comprising upper and lower laminae on opposed surfaces of a central stabilizing apertured grid. The laminae are subjected to a compressive force at an elevated temperature until portions of the laminae extend through the apertures to form a continuum. The laminae comprise a polymer matrix having a quantity of a low melting indium or gallium alloy and a thermally conductive particulate dispersed there through, with the polymer matrix being a hot wax or melt resin. With the upper and lower laminae positioned on opposed surfaces of a central stabilizing apertured grid a compressive load is applied to force portions of said laminae to pass through apertures in the mesh grid to form a continuum.

Abstract: An expandable and contractible cellular panel 10 comprises a plurality of parallel, aligned, elongated tubular sections 12 secured together at the median region of their adjacent longitudinal margins to form the panel 10. The adjacent tubular sections 12 of the panel 10 are made of a pair of substantially identical separate strips of sheet material from those forming the other adjacent tubular sections 12. The various adjacent pairs of strips are laminated together along their confronting longitudinal margins. Each strip is made of at least two separate flexible substrate sheets 18,20 having completely different appearances, and are secured together by welding together their longitudinal margins.

Abstract: A method of holding a dried honeycomb structure 8, which is a honeycomb structure after a drying process and before a firing process, when a ceramic honeycomb structure in which bulkheads forming a number of cells are disposed in the form of a honeycomb is manufactured with a manufacturing method including a extruding process, the drying process, and the firing process. A chuck 1 having a plurality of claws 10 is used and the plurality of claws 10 are allowed to come into contact with an outer periphery 89 of the dried honeycomb structure 8 so that the direction of the pressure F applied to the dried honeycomb structure 8 by the claws is substantially parallel with the bulkheads 81.

Abstract: Modified contoured crushable structural members and methods for making the same are described. The contoured structural members comprise composite or metal materials sandwiching a support or stabilizing structure. The structural members are made crushable by incorporating an initiator into the structural members. The structural member crushes at the location of the initiator by absorbing the energy of an exerting load. The modified structure is provided by attaching additional structural components or elements to the end or outside of the structural member or by modifying the shape of the structural member. With a modified, contoured, crushable, and generally non-flat structure, applications and uses for the structural members of the present invention are nearly limitless.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved ceramic packing element having the basic shape of a cylinder with an aspect ratio, defined by the diameter to length dimensions that is from 2.7 to 4.5.

Abstract: A durable ultraphobic surface that is capable of retaining ultraphobic properties at liquid pressures of one atmosphere and above. The surface generally includes a substrate portion with a multiplicity of projecting regularly shaped microscale or nanoscale asperities disposed so that the surface has a predetermined contact line density measured in meters of contact line per square meter of surface area equal to or greater than a contact line density value “?L” determined according to the formula: ? L = - 10 ? , ? 330 ?cos ? ( ? a , 0 + ? - 90 ? ° ) where ? is the surface tension of the liquid in Newtons per meter, ?a,0 is the experimentally measured true advancing contact angle of the liquid on the asperity material in degrees, and ? is the asperity rise angle in degrees.

Abstract: A three-dimensional periodical structure whose period is about 1 ?m or smaller is provided. At least two kinds of films which have two-dimensionally substantially periodical projections are successively formed in layers substantially periodical to construct structure which is substantially three-dimensionally periodical. For instance, the films are made of materials different in refractive index. The three-dimensional periodical structure whose period is about 1 ?m or smaller can be obtained by a simple fabricating method. By this structure, the propagation of a wave with a specific wavelength in many solid angular directions including several axial directions parallel to the plane and the thickness direction of the layers can be cut off.

Abstract: The invention relates to reinforced composite vehicle load floors of the sandwich-type having a cellular core. In a method for making a load floor of the invention, a stack is formed that is made up of: a load-bearing upper skin made of a reinforced thermoplastics material; an upper skeletal frame structure of reinforcing slats each of which is made of a reinforced thermoplastic composite or pultrusion; a cellular core made of a thermoplastic material; a lower skeletal frame structure of reinforcing slats each of which is also made of a reinforced thermoplastic composite or pultrusion; and a bottom skin made of a reinforced thermoplastic material. Each of the frame structures of reinforcing slats has a surface area that is smaller than the surface area of each of the skins. The frame structures of reinforcing slats are positioned symmetrically about a plane formed by the cellular core against the skins.

Abstract: Inserts of metal in the plastic of a plastic structural element are coated with a coupling layer of fibre-reinforced plastic, which reduces the abrupt change in stiffness and/or coefficient of thermal expansion at the joining interfaces in the metal-plastic composite. By altering the volume fraction of fibres and/or by different orientation of the fibre layers within the coupling layers, a gradual change in the E-modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient are produced, as a result of which abrupt changes in these values at the composite interfaces can be avoided. The sudden change in stiffness between the plastic material and the metal inset also reduced by reducing the stiffness of the insert, which again is achieved by specific choice of shape. Preferred, in particular, is a finger-shaped fanning out of the insert in the plastic material.

Abstract: A mass transit flooring assembly including a plurality of sandwich panels. The sandwich panels (30) include a top skin (54), a bottom skin (58), a perimeter defining closeout (46), and a core (50) between the top (54) and bottom skin (58) and within the closeout parameter (46). The closeout (46) includes mating surfaces used to connect adjacent panels. The core is a precured reinforced core including a plurality of phenolic ribs and foam strips positioned in an alternating fashion. The precured core is manufactured by impregnating a layer of fabric with phenolic resin between two foam cores and stacking in a similar alternating fashion to create a bun. After the bun is cured at a constant pressure and temperature and cooled, the bun is cut along a plane perpendicular to the plane of the layers to provide a precured reinforced core panel ready to be inserted as a core in a sandwich panel.

Abstract: Shaped, contoured crushable structural members and methods for making the same are described. The contoured structural members comprise composite or metal materials sandwiching a support or stabilizing structure. The structural members are made crushable by incorporating an initiator into the structural members. The structural member crushes at the location of the initiator by absorbing the energy of an exerting load. The shaped structure is provided by bending the generally straight shape of the structural member. With a shaped, contoured, crushable, and generally non-flat structure, applications and uses for the structural members of the present invention are nearly limitless.

Abstract: Heat dissipating Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) structures which utilize thermoelectric effects to more effectively dissipate thermal energy from SOI-based electronic circuits.

Abstract: A composite structural panel (10) is provided, where the composite structural panel (10) includes a central honeycomb layer (16) having a plurality of box-like channels extending therethrough along a vertical direction. The honeycomb layer (16) is sandwiched between bonding layers (18) formed from a porous reinforcement material. Exterior support layers (22) are bonded or laminated to respective bonding layers (18) by adhesive layers (20). The one-piece composite structural panel is then positioned on an exterior surface of a building (12) and structurally fixed to a building stud or other building element.

Abstract: The complex shaped articles are formed by trimming, cutting and shaping a honeycomb core material to a desired size and shape, deforming the sized and shaped honeycomb core material at ambient temperature; permanently setting the shape and contour of the sized and shaped honeycomb core material; affixing side edges to the shaped and contoured honeycomb core material; and, bonding a fiber reinforced resin to the top and bottom surfaces of the honeycomb core material.

Abstract: A ceramic packing element (1) has a polygonal structure (2) with a plane of symmetry in a direction defining a length (L) of the element and a greatest dimension (D) perpendicular to the length defining a diameter of the element. The element has a plurality of internal septa (3) defining a plurality of identical first passages (4) through the element each of which has a first cross-sectional area and at plurality of second passages (5) of a larger cross sectional area than that of one of the first passages. At least one of the second passages has a cross sectional area which is at least four times that of one of the first passages.

Abstract: The vented cell structure and fabrication method of the present invention provide an efficient and effective honeycomb structure that allows fluids to flow in and out of the honeycomb without any obstructions that may trap gases and/or liquid in the honeycomb cells. First and second honeycomb layers, including first and second cell walls, respectively, that define first and second cells, respectively, are positioned adjacent one another such that the first and second cells are misaligned. The first and second honeycomb layers are connected with adhesive only at intersections of the first and second cell walls to permit fluid to flow between the first and second cells without obstruction. A structural layer defining at least one opening aligned with the first and/or second cells is also applied on opposite sides of the first and second honeycomb layers, to thereby create the vented cell structure.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure constituted by porous cell walls forming a cell group consisting of a plurality of cells, and a honeycomb outer wall surrounding and holding the outermost peripheral cells located at the circumference of the cells, a porosity is 5% to less than 30%, a basic wall thickness (Tc) of the cell walls is 0.030 mm≦Tc<0.076 mm, an average surface roughness (Ras) of the outer wall is 0.5 &mgr;m≦Ras≦10 &mgr;m, and/or an average height (RzDINs) on the surface of the outer wall from a local maximum point to a next local minimum point is 5 &mgr;m≦RzDINs≦50 &mgr;m; and a process for producing such a honeycomb structure using a raw material having a specific average diameter. The honeycomb structure satisfies requirements of improved purification ability, erosion resistance and improved canning property at a good balance.

Abstract: The vented cell structure and fabrication method of the present invention provide an efficient and effective honeycomb structure that allows fluids to flow in and out of the honeycomb without any obstructions that may trap gases and/or liquid in the honeycomb cells. First and second honeycomb layers, including first and second cell walls, respectively, that define first and second cells, respectively, are positioned adjacent one another such that the first and second cells are misaligned. The first and second honeycomb layers are connected with adhesive only at intersections of the first and second cell walls to permit fluid to flow between the first and second cells without obstruction. A structural layer defining at least one opening aligned with the first and/or second cells is also applied on opposite sides of the first and second honeycomb layers, to thereby create the vented cell structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vacuum heat-insulating block including a honeycomb core, wherein the block structure prevents the honeycomb core having a low bulk specific gravity from collapsing by atmospheric pressure, the block attaining flexibility and sound absorption property. The vacuum heat-insulating block 100 according to the present invention is basically composed of a core utilizing a plurality of layered honeycomb members 50 (formed by bonding a honeycomb core member 51 to a support plate 55) and covering the core with a cover member 70. Moreover, a woven or non-woven fabric 60 having air permeability is disposed between the layers of honeycomb core members 51.

Abstract: An extruded polycarbonate article suitable as an energy absorber is disclosed. The article includes a plurality of honeycomb chambers that are aligned substantially in the same direction, extend in the direction of the extrusion and are disposed adjacent to one another. A method of using the article entails aligning the honeycomb chambers in a direction parallel to the direction of the impact energy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the stainless steel honeycomb building interior and exterior finish which can be used semipermanently and, in particular, to the stainless steel honeycomb panel made using stainless steel which is excellent in durability, not rusted and separation does not occur under any external circumstances, and to the method and apparatus of manufacturing thereof. The conventional stainless steel honeycomb panel is manufactured by placing honeycomb between stainless steel panels and by fixing them using adhesives. This method however, has the disadvantage that separation occurs easily due to the external temperature and humidity and so has limitation when used as building external finishes.

Abstract: A thermoplastic folded honeycomb structure and method for the production thereof A strip of material is plastically deformed perpendicular to the plane of the material and folded in the direction of conveyance until the cell walls meet and are joined.

Abstract: A composite metallic material 1 according to the invention is used for, e.g., electrolytic capacitors, and includes a metallic material substrate 10 and a high polymer thin layer 11 having a fine pattern 12 formed on at least one surface of the substrate 10 by self-organization. This high polymer thin film 11 is formed by, for example, drying hydrophobic organic solvent solution of high polymer compound. By subjecting this composite metallic material 1 to etching processing, etching pits are formed uniformly with high density based on the fine pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cellular structure for use in honeycomb window shades having plurality of rows forming a single column of double cells, which forms a uniformly pleated appearance for the face and rear of the cellular structure. Each of the plurality of rows of double cells is constructed of a longitudinal strip of material having a greater width portion and a limiting member portion. The limiting member portion serves to restrict the extent to which any row may be stretched. The present invention further relates to a method for making the cellular structure.

Abstract: Honeycomb products and methods of manufacture thereof, particularly for aerospace applications. The honeycomb core products are made of a plastic material, such as a thermoplastic material, and preferably are made by a direct manufacturing process, such as stereo lithography, selective laser sintering, or fused deposition modeling. The cell sizes, shapes and wall thicknesses can be modified or varied throughout the product as desired. An interlocking structure is utilized to securely hold together adjacent honeycomb products.

Abstract: A method and apparatus comprising combining ballistic and fragment resistant fabrics in multiple layers with a central geometrically shaped composite core in a resin forming a composite armor panel, wherein the multiple layers present a fragment projectile with alternating tougher and softer resistances to penetration to enhance the stopping power of the composite armor while retaining a lightweight configuration is disclosed. The panel allows the fabric layers and geometric core to interact in such a manner as to function as a drumskin, flexing and elastically deforming to absorb and attenuate the energy of a forced entry attack.

Abstract: A flat implant with a flexible fabric formed from at least two textile fabric structures constructed substantially independently of one another and firmly interconnected over the entire surface area of the implant so as to form a composite structure, is made available for use in surgery.

Abstract: A sandwich structure does not permit the permeation of water and a sandwich structure repairing method is capable of easily repairing the sandwich structure. A sandwich structure (1) includes a core (4) formed of a closed-cell foam plastic material, and surface plates (2, 3) formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material containing hydrophobic inorganic fibers as reinforcing fibers and bonded to the opposite surfaces of the core (4). Water is unable to permeate the sandwich structure.