Abstract: A method for installing artificial turf at an airport or airfield includes removing or milling a portion of an airport runway or taxiway to create a new surface of the runway or taxiway, adhering a section of artificial turf to the new surface of the runway or taxiway and applying an infill to at least a portion of the artificial turf. An artificial turf system for an airport includes an airport runway or taxiway having a removed or milled surface, an artificial turf is adhesively secured to the new, milled surface of the airport runway or taxiway and an infill layer installed on at least a portion of the artificial turf.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic fibers and artificial lawn comprising such a fibre. More particularly, the invention relates to grass-like monofilament type fibers having a curved cross section and an artificial grass lawn, especially an artificial grass sports field, comprising such a fibre. According to an aspect of the invention, a synthetic fibre is provided of the monofilament type for use in an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial sports lawn, which synthetic fibre has a curved cross section, wherein the synthetic fibre has a centre line arc length to maximum thickness of less than 8, preferably between 4.5 and 3.8, and even more preferably between 4.4 and 4.0. In an other aspect of the invention, a synthetic fibre is provided of the monofilament type for use in an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial sports lawn, which synthetic fibre has a curved cross section, wherein the circumferential surface of the fibre is provided with a wave shaped pattern.

Abstract: A process for laminating a substrate, where the process may include: disposing at least one a thermoplastic film on a porous substrate; heat softening the at least one thermoplastic film; conjoining the at least one thermoplastic film and the porous substrate to form a laminated substrate; and cooling the laminated substrate; wherein the conjoining comprises suctioning the thermoplastic film into the porous substrate. An apparatus for laminating a substrate, where the apparatus may include: a system for disposing a thermoplastic film on a tufted substrate; a heater for heat softening the thermoplastic film; and a vacuum for suctioning the thermoplastic film into the tufted substrate.

Abstract: A durable and wear resistant synthetic sports transition turf field having at least two strips with a plurality of fibrillated polypropylene strands tufted within a backing material. The strands are tufted in a wide variety of pile heights, patterns, gauges, and stitch patterns depending upon end use. The backing material consists of at least two layers of a woven material, with the bottommost one coated with a secondary coating used to contain the ends of the plurality of strands. The strips are placed onto a shock layer and coupled together using a hook and loop fastening system. The field is covered with an infill preferably consisting of resilient particles. The field is easily installed and removed and is ideal for use in indoor, multiuse sports and entertainment facilities that require a multitude of different flooring surfaces.

Abstract: An underlayment layer is configured to support an artificial turf assembly. The underlayment layer comprises a core with a top side and a bottom side. The top side has a plurality of spaced apart, upwardly oriented projections that define channels suitable for water flow along the top side of the core when the underlayment layer is positioned beneath an overlying artificial turf assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming an artificial grass layer on a substrate, comprising the steps of supplying a pack of flat and deformable artificial grass strips, in which the strips are arranged with their flat faces side-by-side and are connected to each other at mutually offset locations, placing the pack of artificial grass strips on or partially in the substrate, pulling apart the artificial grass strips, thus forming a grid, and at least partially filling at least some of the openings in the grid with a stabilizing material. The invention further relates to a method for forming such a pack of flat and deformable artificial grass strips.

Abstract: A repairable synthetic turf field having a plurality of phases of use and a method for revitalizing the same, the repairable synthetic turf including a plurality of synthetic fibers extending from a backing and having an infill interspersed between the synthetic fibers, the synthetic fibers having a portion extending above the infill forming a first field surface during a first phase of use, wherein at least a part of the portion of the synthetic fibers extending above the infill may be removed creating a second phase of use wherein a new portion of the synthetic fibers extends above the infill forming a second field surface.

Abstract: An artificial turf system that includes a plurality of pellets in an infill disposed on a backing material and between individual synthetic fibers extending away from the backing material, wherein the pellets are a fire retardant material, for example, a salt, and more particularly an inorganic salt, encapsulated in a water insoluble material.

Abstract: Decorative grass, such as Easter grass, may be produced from a sheet or web of material having a decorative and/or embossed pattern thereon. The decorative pattern may have a non-linear side edge that provides the decorative grass with a contoured configuration.

Abstract: The present invention describes a synthetic turf having super absorbent materials in order to keep the synthetic turf cooler than conventional synthetic turfs. The present invention also provides for synthetic turf infill cooling particles comprising a layer of water-absorbing material coating a foundation comprising a core substrate. In one embodiment, the cooling particle is comprised of a core particle or substrate, which is coated with a water-absorbing material. In one embodiment, the water-absorbing material is a super absorbent polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an artificial grass fiber in particular for use in an artificial mat for an artificial lawn, which artificial grass fiber is made of at least one synthetic material. The invention also relates to an artificial mat, in particular for use in an artificial grass sports field, which artificial mat is built up of a carrier to which at least artificial grass fibers according to the invention are attached. The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved artificial grass fiber which on the one hand can be produced by means of the existing techniques and which on the other hand reduces the number of injuries on the field. According to the invention, the artificial grass fiber to that end furthermore comprises at least one additional material component, which additional material component imposes a permanent volume increase on the artificial grass fiber under the influence of an external stimulus after the artificial mat has been provided with the artificial grass fiber.

Abstract: Artificial turf has a base layer, a multiplicity of blades fixed in and projecting upward from the base layer, and a mass of damping material on the base layer and through which the blades project. Each of the blades is at least partially formed of a polyester of terephthalic acid made from waste. The polyester is polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), both from waste. The base layer is a flat primary layer, preferably a textile and preferably consists of plastic, a polyolefin and/or a polyester of terephthalic acid, preferably a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste.

Abstract: An artificial grass fiber is formed, which fiber has an elongated cross-section that remains substantially constant along its longitudinal axis. An artificial lawn comprising these artificial grass fibers is provided, as well as to the use of the aforesaid artificial grass fibers. The fibers collectively provide a special type of artificial grass which imitates the advantageous characteristics of natural grass, in particular in the field of ball roll and sliding characteristics.

Abstract: Decorative grass and methods of providing same are disclosed wherein the decorative grass is either maintained in flattened configuration until restraint is removed and/or the decorative grass is curled and/or crimp at a point of use and/or sale.

Abstract: Artificial turf for use with an artificial turf system, which may also include a base layer and a support layer. The artificial turf comprising a backing supporting pile tufts of between ¼? to 4? in length, in position on its upper surface. The backing may comprise a porous synthetic foam or backing sheet. A filler of particles shaped to have no sharp edges and of substantially equal size are interspersed over the backing and about the tufts up to at least half thick length. The artificial turf substantially retains its resiliency, porosity and equal density throughout.

Abstract: A geosynthetic tufted drain barrier (GTDB) for preventing vertical migration of fluids. On a substantially impermeable woven or non-woven continuous layer is disposed a membrane. The tensile strength of the impermeable layer is at least 5 lbs/lineal ft (3.0 kg/lineal m). The permeability of the membrane is no greater than 10?4 cm/sec. Tufted tensile elements are attached to the membrane, each one being attached to the membrane at a density of at least 25 tufted tensile elements per square foot (30 square cm). The tufted tensile elements are formed in rows and are disposed at a density of at least four rows per square foot (30 square cm). Infill material can be introduced to the tufted tensile elements. The drain barrier may be constructed with integrated letters, logos, and signage and one or more colors.

Abstract: An underlayment layer is configured to support an artificial turf assembly. The underlayment layer comprises a core with a top side and a bottom side. The top side has a plurality of spaced apart, upwardly oriented projections that define channels suitable for water flow along the top side of the core when the underlayment layer is positioned beneath an overlying artificial turf assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to grass yarn for artificial grass coverings being a monofilament. These grass yarns can be provided with ridges to reduce light reflection. The grass yarns can also have a sickle shaped cross section for increased strength. The invention further relates to artificial grass covering comprising a plurality of grass yarns according to the invention.

Abstract: Synthetic turf having a mat with a first face, arranged next to a surface to coat, and with a second face opposite to the first face. The synthetic turf also has a plurality of filaments knitted to the mat and made of a synthetic material. Above the second face of the mat, an infill material is present that is arranged all around the filaments of artificial material. The infill material has at least one layer of a mixture of a predetermined amount of cereal husks, and of at least one defibrated arboreus material which is resistant to microbial digestion, such as a loose final product from raw material based on coir, or sawdust of a wood obtained by a raw material with high content of lignin, such as Teck pulp material, Mahogany pulp material, Iroko pulp material, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A polymer-coated particulate material having: a particulate substrate; and an applied compound, wherein the applied compound coats at least 50% of the surface of the particulate substrate, and wherein, at the time of application, the applied compound includes a dispersion including: a thermoplastic polymer; and a stabilizing compound. In another aspect, embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method of forming a polymer-coated particulate material, the method including the steps of: incorporating a particulate substrate and a dispersion, the dispersion comprising: a thermoplastic polymer; a stabilizing compound; and a dispersion medium selected from the group consisting of an organic solvent, water, and combinations thereof; removing at least a portion of the dispersion medium.

Abstract: An elastic underlayer for floorings, for instance, floorings for sports facilities such as synthetic-grass coverings, comprises a first laminar structure and a second laminar structure that enclose between them pouches filled with granular elastic material. The structures in question comprise a layer of non-woven fabric coupled with a polyolefin layer. The polyolefin layers enclose between them the pouches, which preferably have a parallelepiped shape with a square base, with sides having a length of 20-60 mm, typically 45 mm, and a height of between 20 and 40 mm, typically 30 mm. The pouches are filled with granular elastic material, such as granules of recycled tires having a size of between 0.5 and 7.0 mm.

Abstract: A floor (1) in synthetic grass comprises a substrate (2) in clay, a covering (8) in synthetic grass and an intermediate flexible support structure (12), positioned between the substrate and the covering. The support structure extends in an undulated manner, forming overhanging portions (18) which give the desired yield. Through slots are provided in the support structure for drainage.

Abstract: A polymer filament comprising a polyolefin composition which comprises at least 10% by weight of one or more copolymer(s) (I) of propylene with one or more comonomers selected from ethylene, C4-C10 ?-olefins and their combinations, said copolymer or copolymers (I) having MFR from 0.5 to 10 g/10 min. and containing units deriving from the said comonomers in a total amount of from 0.5 to 25% by weight with respect to the total amount of all momoner units in the copolymer, provided that, in the absence of comonomer units deriving from C6-C10 ?-olefins, the amount of comonomer units deriving from ethylene or C4-C5 ?-olefins or their combinations is at least 2.5% by weight.

Abstract: An artificial fiber for use in an artificial grass sports field is disclosed wherein, seen in a transverse sectional direction of the fiber, at least part of the fiber is provided with a stiffness-enhancing portion extending in the longitudinal direction thereof. The artificial fiber includes at least two fiber flange portions, at least one fiber flange portion forming the stiffness-enhancing portion, while at least two fiber flange portions have a uniform thickness. The improved artificial fiber is less flexible and consequently exhibits less tendency to deform to a flat orientation, but does not increase the risk of injuries to players or have an adverse effect on the playing characteristics of the field. Also disclosed is an artificial grass lawn, suitable for sports fields, having a substrate to which one or more artificial fibers of the invention are attached.

Abstract: Attenuating, while in or on a body of water, one's own emanated electromagnetic field by wearing apparel that includes an electromagnetically shielding fabric. The shielding fabric comprises a substantially continuous system of conductive fibers combined with non-conductive fabric. Or attenuating, while a person is in or on a body of water, the electromagnetic field emanated by the person, by (i) providing to the person apparel that includes the electromagnetically shielding fabric, and (ii) instructing the person to wear it while in or on the water. The attenuation of the emanated electromagnetic field decreases the likelihood of a person being located in the body of water by a water-borne predator detecting that person's emanated electromagnetic field.

Abstract: Attenuating, while hunting or observing wildlife, one's own emanated electromagnetic field by wearing apparel that includes an electromagnetically shielding fabric. The shielding fabric comprises a substantially continuous system of conductive fibers combined with non-conductive fabric. Or attenuating, while a hunter is hunting or an observer is observing wildlife, the electromagnetic field emanated by the hunter or observer, by (i) providing to the hunter or observer apparel that includes the electromagnetically shielding fabric, and (ii) instructing the hunter or observer to wear it while hunting or observing wildlife, respectively. The attenuation of the emanated electromagnetic field decreases the likelihood of detection by an animal. A wearable article of apparel comprises the electromagnetically shielding fabric, and can also comprise one or both of (i) a visual camouflage pattern on at least a portion of the its outer surface, or (ii) an odor absorber, suppressant, attenuator, or blocker.

Abstract: A decking/flooring system includes a substrate, a layer of sealing material applied over and in contact with a surface of the substrate, a texture layer applied over and in contact with the sealing material layer, an adhesive layer applied over and in contact with the texture layer, and a finish layer. A method for installing the decking/flooring system is also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite artificial grass fiber for use in an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial grass sports field, which artificial grass fiber is made up at least of several monofilament fibers. The invention further relates to an artificial lawn, in particular an artificial grass sports field built up of a substrate to which composite artificial grass fibers according to the invention are attached. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a composite artificial grass fiber according to the invention, in particular for an artificial lawn, which comprises the steps of manufacturing several monofilament fibers and forming said several monofilament fibers into a composite artificial grass fiber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an artificial turf which comprises a base cloth made of synthetic fiber, and synthetic fiber pile yams that are protruded up and extended from the base cloth. The base cloth has a form that braids made of synthetic fiber are woven in a reticular structure. The bottom end portions of the synthetic fiber pile yarns are knitted together with the base cloth and are fixed by the base cloth, and the top end portions of the synthetic fiber pile yams are protruded up and extended from the base cloth. The artificial turf according to the present invention has a plurality of void portions naturally formed in the base cloth having a reticular structure to make growth of natural grass possible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of polymer blends for producing slit film tapes comprising: A) 30% to 50% by weight of a biodegradable, aliphatic-aromatic polyester; B) 50% to 70% by weight of polylactic acid and C) 0% to 2% by weight of a compatibilizer.

Abstract: A new class of plant biomass feedstock particles characterized by consistent piece size and shape uniformity, high skeletal surface area, and good flow properties. The particles of plant biomass material having fibers aligned in a grain are characterized by a length dimension (L) aligned substantially parallel to the grain and defining a substantially uniform distance along the grain, a width dimension (W) normal to L and aligned cross grain, and a height dimension (H) normal to W and L. In particular, the L×H dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel side surfaces characterized by substantially intact longitudinally arrayed fibers, the W×H dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel end surfaces characterized by crosscut fibers and end checking between fibers, and the L×W dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel top and bottom surfaces.

Abstract: A substrate for floorings, such as synthetic grass turf includes: a pad made of a first heat-meltable material, a stabilizing mesh made of a second heat-meltable material, and a connection layer set between said pad and the mesh. The connection layer includes a third heat-meltable material with a melting point lower than the melting point of the first and of the second heat-meltable materials. The connection layer is a discontinuous layer with a granular structure, so that the substrate is permeable to liquids in order to enable, for example, draining-off of rainwater.

Abstract: The present invention provides an artificial grass granulated infill excellent in productivity, workability, and recyclability, and an artificial grass structure using the same. A hollow cylindrical granulated infill 5 which has a height h of 3.0 mm or less and an outside diameter of 3.0 mm or less and satisfies the condition: ?2/?1=0.40 to 0.85, where ?1 presents the outside diameter and ?2 represents the inside diameter, is made from a material comprising a synthetic resin having a hardness of 60 or more in accordance with JIS-K6253 type A.

Abstract: A mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) wall and/or synthetic grass cover including alternating layers of granular fills and soil reinforcement geo-grids; a wire wall facing; and a synthetic grass cover for covering the wire wall facing, the synthetic grass comprising a geo-textile backing and a plurality of synthetic grass blades comprising synthetic yarns tufted into the geo-textile backing and having a length and density sufficient to substantially shade the geo-textile backing from solar UV rays.

Abstract: A system for covering (i.e., closing) various types of sites where waste is deposited comprises a composite of one or more geotextiles that are tufted with synthetic yarns and an impermeable geomembrane, which is comprised of a polymeric material. The cover can include wind-resistant textured synthetic blade-like elements, such as vertical filaments, secured over a low-permeable polymer liner backing. Advantageously, the system does not rely on piled-on weight to resist wind forces and the cover can be deployed over a large area with little or no ballasting or anchoring. Optionally, the cover includes vertical filaments attached to the liner to break the wind aero-dynamics on the exposed cover.

Abstract: The specification and drawing disclose the steps and structure involved in making one of a wide variety of three-dimensional branching structures that can be individually formed into extremely complex spatial representations of natural or abstract shapes suitable for viewing from many perspectives. A branching structure in the form of a wall-mounted tree is comprehensively disclosed along with means for affixing leaves to the tree to further simulate the form of a tree and for the further (optional) purpose of physically memorializing persons or events. A second embodiment is also disclosed to suggest the wide range of variations possible through employment of the basic method steps and to illustrate a form of branching structure that can be viewed from any horizontal or vertical perspective.

Abstract: A method of prefabricating and installing a synthetic turf field includes providing a controlled manufacturing facility with an open area that allows a plurality of turf strips to be laid out on a floor thereof. Visual markings are placed on the floor to allow the individual strips to be properly aligned on the floor. Once aligned, inlays can be placed into the proper strip and then secured. After the inlays have been secured, the strips can be rolled up and appropriately labeled for subsequent installation. After all the strips that will make up the field have been processed and rolled up, the rolls can be taken to the job site so the field can be installed.

Abstract: An aggregate turf filler for use with the turf of athletic fields and landscaped areas which comprise crushed silica sand particles (SiO2) which are substantially round in shape and are sized to be between 12 and 40 mesh. An acrylic based sealer covering the outer surface of each of the silica sand particles. Finally, providing that the silica sand particles have a smooth outer surface, possess an angle of repose of less than 30°, repel water, resist compacting, present no damaging sharp edges when incorporated with the turf and are environmentally safe.

Abstract: An artificial decorative plant assembles multiple branches first which are then assembled with a main stem. Each branch is composed of a rod with resilience, a securing piece and multiple branch strips. The securing piece has two longitudinal sides and multiple clamping pieces alternatively staggered and extended from the two longitudinal sides respectively with multiple intervals and applied to wrap the rod. Additionally, multiple clamping attachments are extended from the two longitudinal sides inside the multiple intervals respectively so that each clamping attachment is between two adjacent clamping pieces to engage a corresponding branch strip with leaves. After completing assembly of the securing piece and the rod, the combination engages the main stem by a hook element on the rod. Because of such structure, it not only enhances the combinational strength but further improves efficiency of assembly convenience.

Abstract: An athletic field is constructed using side-by-side conjoined layers of resilient synthetic material placed over a drain blanket and extending to a peripheral trench drain. The primary material construction is a rollable layer approximately 4 feet wide by 200 feet long comprising a dimpled polyethylene core material with bonded top and bottom thin, flexible geotechnic fabric layers. A flange and flap system along one edge receives the opposite edge of the joining strip to bond the laterally adjoining layers together in a shingling or tiered manner to promote drainage and to keep water out of the resilient pliable structure.

Abstract: The invention describes a novel production process for coated particles composed of granulated-rubber material, the coating, the particles coated therewith and the uses of the coated particles. The coating formulation is solvent-free.

Abstract: The invention relates to a synthetic fibre of the monofilament type for use in an artificial lawn, which synthetic fibre has a width greater than the thickness of the synthetic fibre. The invention also relates to an artificial lawn consisting at least of a backing to which one or more synthetic fibres according to the invention are attached. The object of the present invention is to prevent a weak synthetic fibre as mentioned above which remains prone to splitting and fracture and to provide an improved synthetic fibre for use in an artificial lawn which is sufficiently rigid yet flexible as well and which has the capacity to straighten again so as to be able to take up the varying loads during play, and which is also sufficiently wear-resistant and sliding-friendly, so that the fibre will less tend to assume a flat orientation or split or fracture, and which furthermore does not increase the risk of injury or have an adverse effect on the playing characteristics.

Abstract: A novel class of flowable biomass feedstock particles with unusually large surface areas that can be manufactured in remarkably uniform sizes using low-energy comminution techniques. The feedstock particles are roughly parallelepiped in shape and characterized by a length dimension (L) aligned substantially with the grain direction and defining a substantially uniform distance along the grain, a width dimension (W) normal to L and aligned cross grain, and a height dimension (H) normal to W and L. The particles exhibit a disrupted grain structure with prominent end and surface checks that greatly enhances their skeletal surface area as compared to their envelope surface area. The L×H dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel side surfaces characterized by substantially intact longitudinally arrayed fibers. The W×H dimensions define a pair of substantially parallel end surfaces characterized by crosscut fibers and end checking between fibers.

Abstract: An aggregate turf filler for use with the turf of athletic fields and landscaped areas which comprise crushed silica sand particles (SiO2) which are substantially round in shape and are sized to be between 12 and 40 mesh. An acrylic based sealer covering the outer surface of each of the silica sand particles. Finally, providing that the silica sand particles have a smooth outer surface, possess an angle of repose of less than 30°, repel water, resist compacting, present no damaging sharp edges when incorporated with the turf and are environmentally safe.

Abstract: A method for forming decorative grass and packaging materials from renewable polymer materials is provided. Methods of utilizing such decorative grasses and renewable polymer materials are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate for artificial turf that includes a base pad with a channel that extends across an upper surface of the pad and a tube that lies within the channel. The base pad has a generally flat lower surface and a generally flat upper surface that is spaced apart and oppositely disposed from the lower surface. The channel has a sidewall and a bottom surface, the sidewall extending from the upper surface of the base pad to the bottom surface of the channel and the bottom surface being spaced apart from the lower surface of the base pad. The tube has a sidewall defining an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface, with at least one aperture through the sidewall adjoining the inner diameter surface and the outer diameter surface. The channel and the tube are operable for liquid to flow through. In some instances, a radiant heating wire can extend across the upper surface of the base pad.

Abstract: A recycling technique for long-pile artificial turfs is provided in which a spent artificial turf is recycled and formed into an elastic particulate substance suitable for use as a filler for long-pile artificial turfs. The particulate substance (5), with which the space among the piles (4) of an artificial turf (3) is filled, is obtained by using as a raw material an artificial turf comprising at least 50 wt. % thermoplastic resin, adding an elastomer to the raw material, and forming the resultant mixture into particles. The particulate substance (5) has a specific gravity regulated to 1.10 or higher and is used for the filling.

Abstract: Artificial turf for use with an artificial turf system, which may also include a base layer and a support layer. The artificial turf comprising a backing supporting pile tufts of between ¼? to 4? in length, in position on its upper surface. The backing may comprise a porous synthetic foam or backing sheet. A filler of particles shaped to have no sharp edges and of substantially equal size are interspersed over the backing and about the tufts up to at least half thick length. The artificial turf substantially retains its resiliency, porosity and equal density throughout.

Abstract: A durable and wear resistant synthetic sports field having a plurality of strips having a plurality of fibrillated polypropylene strands tufted within a multilayer backing material. The strands are tufted in a wide variety of pile heights, patterns, gauges, and stitch patterns depending upon end use. A particulate matter infill is introduced onto the strips at a depth between about 10% and 50% of the overall height of the strands.

Abstract: Film tapes comprising a blend of a masterbatch and a propylene-based polymer are provided. The masterbatch comprises a propylene-based elastomer and filler. The propylene-based elastomer has about 50 to about 99 mol % of units derived from propylene, about 1 to about 50 mol % of units derived from C2-C20 comonomer and a peak melting point temperature of 115° C. or less. The propylene-based polymer comprises about 80 to about 100 mol % units derived from propylene and a peak melting point temperature of greater than 115° C. The compositions are suitable to make carpet fiber, carpet yarn, films, film tapes, molded parts and nonwoven fabrics having excellent mechanical properties.