Abstract: A method for producing a precoated steel sheet (1) includes providing a precoated steel strip comprising a steel substrate (3) having, on at least one of its main faces, a precoating comprising an intermetallic alloy layer and a metallic alloy layer. The metallic alloy layer is a layer of aluminum, a layer of aluminum alloy or a layer of aluminum-based alloy. The method also includes laser cutting said precoated steel strip so as to obtain at least one precoated steel sheet (1) comprising a cut edge surface (13) resulting from the cutting operation. The cut edge surface (13) includes a substrate region (14) and a precoating region (15) and the thickness of the precoated steel sheet (1) is comprised between 0.8 mm and 5 mm. The laser cutting is carried out such that it results directly in a corrosion-improved zone (19) of the cut edge surface (13).

Abstract: The present invention provides a system, method, and apparatus for producing a dimensionally stable extruded board product for use in surface coverings. The board product may be a basalt casting powder-based product for use as a substrate for wall or other surface coverings or may be used as a core layer in a modular floor covering unit. The modular floor covering unit comprises multiple layers. The layers are a thin cut stone veneer layer, a core layer with a density similar to that of the thin cut stone veneer layer, and an optional magnetically receptive underlayment layer. Other layers or combinations of layers may also be used.

Abstract: Provided is a transparent conducting film having a preferable optical property, a preferable electrical property, and further, a superior durability of folding. The transparent conducting film comprises a transparent substrate and a transparent conducting layer formed on at least one of main faces of the transparent substrate, wherein the transparent conducting layer contains a binder resin and a conducting fiber, a cut portion of the transparent conducting film has a straightness of 0.050 mm or less. Preferably, the transparent substrate is a resin film having an elongated resin film or cut out from an elongated film, and can be folded in with a folding axis in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the elongated resin film.

Abstract: Embodiments of composite scintillators which may include a scintillator material encapsulated in a plastic matrix material and their methods of use are described.

Abstract: It is a main object of the present invention to impart higher antifogging properties to the hydrophilic material formed of a crosslinked resin, having a surface enriched with hydrophilic groups, previously proposed by the inventors. The laminate of the present invention includes a water absorbing layer (B) and a hydrophilic layer (A) provided in this order on a substrate, wherein the hydrophilic layer (A) is formed of a crosslinked resin having an anionic, cationic or nonionic hydrophilic group, and has a gradient of hydrophilic groups (intensity of hydrophilic group on surface of the hydrophilic layer (A)/intensity of hydrophilic group at ½ of thickness of the hydrophilic layer (A)) of not less than 1.1; and the water absorbing layer (B) is formed of a crosslinked resin having a water absorption rate per unit mass (g) of in the range of 5 to 500 wt %.

Abstract: Crumb rubber obtained from recycled tires is subjected to an interlinked substitution process. The process utilizes a reactive component that interferes with sulfur bonds. The resulting treated rubber exhibits properties similar to those of the virgin composite rubber structure prior to being granulated, and is suitable for use in fabricating new tires, engineered rubber articles, and asphalt rubber for use in waterproofing and paving applications.

Abstract: A center pillar for a vehicle is provided and includes carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP) that are alternately laminated to reduce the weight of the center pillar and maintain the strength of the center pillar. The center pillar includes a base layer that is formed of CFRP; and laminate layers in which a plurality of layers of CFRP and a plurality of layers of GFRP are alternately disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the base layer individually. Accordingly, the CFRP and the GFRP laminated on the first surface of the base layer and the CFRP and the GFRP laminated on the second surface of the base layer are symmetrical to each other with respect to a thickness direction of the center pillar.

Abstract: A paper packaging material having a paper layer with a polyethylene coating on one surface, a biodegradable resin grid on the opposite surface to enhance its strength while maintaining reduced weight and a thermo-sealing resin, which eliminates the use of glues in the packaging process. The vegetal resin is made out of vegetable wax, acrylic styrene copolymer, demineralized water, water based silicone and natural fungicide.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical module is provided and includes: attaching a light emitting diode light emitting device and a sensor on a substrate; disposing a first encapsulation portion on the light emitting device and the substrate; disposing a second encapsulation portion on the sensor and the substrate; disposing a shielding layer on the first encapsulation portion, the second encapsulation portion and the substrate; removing a first portion of the first encapsulation portion, a second portion of the second encapsulation portion, and a third portion of the shielding layer, and the first portion corresponds to a position of the light emitting device, the second portion corresponds to a position of the sensor, and the third portion corresponds to the positions of the light emitting device and the sensor; and forming a third encapsulation layer on the shielding layer, the first encapsulation portion and the second encapsulation portion.

Abstract: An exemplary solar selective coating can be provided to be deposited on a substrate. The exemplary solar selective coating can comprise an adhesion layer, an absorber stack comprising at least one absorber layer, and an antireflection stack which can comprise at least one antireflection layer, e.g., all provided in a sandwich configuration. The sandwich configuration can provide the adhesion layer deposited onto the substrate, the absorber stack deposited on the adhesion layer, and the antireflection stack deposited on the absorber stack. The adhesion layer can comprise a metallic layer comprising molybdenum and titanium.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of producing a laminated wood product, comprising providing a plank presenting a pair of parallel major surfaces, a pair of minor surfaces, a pair of end surfaces and a longitudinal direction parallel with said major and minor surfaces and perpendicular to the end surfaces, said plank having a water content of more than 25% by weight, preferably more than 30% by weight, initializing at least one longitudinal crack in the plank, drying said crack initialized plank to a moisture content of less than 20% by weight, and laminating said crack initialized plank by gluing at least one of its major surfaces to a surface of a second member, thus forming the laminated wood product. The disclosure also relates to a laminated wood product, which may be formed according to the method.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a glass interposer, first, stacked bodies formed on a front surface and a back surface of a glass substrate are processed along division lines (streets) to form first grooves having a first width and such a depth as not to reach the glass substrate, while leaving a residual resin portion at bottoms of the first grooves. Thereafter, the residual resin portion is subjected to ablation processing to expose the front surface and the back surface of the glass substrate, thereby forming second grooves having a second width narrower than the first width. A laser beam is applied along the division lines through the second grooves to form modified layers in the inside of the glass substrate, and an external force is exerted on the glass substrate to divide the glass substrate, with the modified layers as division starting points.

Abstract: Pressure-sensitive adhesive formulations based on acrylic or rubber adhesives are provided in combination with an aluminum phosphorous salt intumescent flame retardant and a nitrogen containing flame retardant which can act as a blowing agent through thermal decomposition. These flame retardant additives can be incorporated into the adhesive in levels of 10 to 30 percent by weight. These formulations are then placed on a polymeric flame retardant substrate in either a single-sided or double-sided form.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a liquid crystal cell in which liquid crystal molecules are not blended into a plastic substrate even if the plastic substrate is deformed through stretching or shrinkage. A liquid crystal cell of the present invention includes at least two plastic substrates of which at least one is a heat-shrinkable film satisfying a heat shrinkage rate of 5% to 75%; a liquid crystal layer; and a polymer layer between at least one plastic substrate and the liquid crystal layer and into which a composition containing at least one monofunctional monomer having a hydrophilic group and is monofunctional acrylate or monofunctional methacrylate, and at least one polyfunctional monomer having two or more functional groups and is polyfunctional acrylate or polyfunctional methacrylate, is polymerized, in which a wavelength of maximum absorbance of each of the monofunctional monomer and the polyfunctional monomer is 190 to 250 nm.

Abstract: A method and device for detaching a first substrate, which is connected to a second substrate by an interconnect layer, from the second substrate by embrittlement of the interconnect layer. A method for bonding of a first substrate to a second substrate with an interconnect layer which can be embrittled by cooling. A use of a material which can be embrittled for producing an interconnect layer between first and second substrates for forming a substrate stack. A substrate stack, formed from a first substrate, a second substrate and an interconnect layer located therebetween, the interconnect layer formed from a material which can be embrittled. A wafer chuck for holding a first substrate when the first substrate is being detached from a second substrate with fixing means which can be activated by lowering the temperature.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention relate to semiconductor device manufacturing, and more particularly, a method of temporarily bonding a semiconductor wafer to a wafer carrier with a multi-layered contact layer as well as a structure. A method is disclosed that includes: forming a first layer on a surface of a semiconductor wafer; forming a second layer on the first layer; bonding a perforated carrier to the second layer; and removing the semiconductor wafer from the perforated carrier. The first layer may be composed of an adhesive. The second layer may be composed of a material having a higher outgassing temperature than the first layer.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a radiation shielding material that includes a resin composition obtained by filling a matrix formed of resin with a radiation-absorbing substance and is capable of obtaining a structure in which transparency is significantly improved as compared with the conventional radiation shielding material while having a radiation shielding effect similar to that of the conventional radiation shielding material. [Solving Means] A radiation shielding material includes: a resin composition containing a proportion of 20 to 80 vol % of fluoride powder containing barium as a constituent element. The fluoride powder is favorably barium fluoride or lithium barium fluoride, the resin favorably has a refractive index (n) of 1.4 to 1.6, and particularly, a difference between a refractive index of the resin and a refractive index of the fluoride powder is favorably within ±0.05.

Abstract: A wrapped shaped article capable of imparting a three-dimensional decoration onto a surface of a base, without producing a molding die for each three-dimensional irregular pattern. An irregular pattern or three-dimensional shape is imparted, without producing a molding die, by placing three-dimensional members on a surface of a base, and attaching a decorative film thereon by vacuum contact bonding.

Abstract: A laminated non-woven fabric and a manufactured article using the laminated non-woven fabric are provided. The laminated non-woven fabric is formed by clamping a fibrous layer B between two of fibrous layer A, wherein the fibrous layer B is obtained by using a fiber melting or softening at 120° C. or less, and fibrous layer A includes a fiber neither melting nor softening at 120° C. or less, in which the fibrous layer A and the fibrous layer B are integrated through point thermal compression bonding, and interlayer peeling strength between the fibrous layer A and the fibrous layer B ranges from 0.3 Newton (N)/25 millimeters (mm) to 4.0 N/25 mm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a separator comprising a porous substrate and an adhesive layer on one surface or both surfaces of the porous substrate, wherein the adhesive layer includes an acryl-based copolymer containing a (meth)acrylate-based monomer-derived repeating unit and having a weight average molecular weight of 400,000 g/mol to 750,000 g/mol; and to a secondary battery comprising the separator.

Abstract: A device including a detector 200 for detecting position of a positive electrode 24 as a first electrode in terms of a packaged electrode having a bag-shaped separator 40 in which the positive electrode is provided, and stacking unit 112 and 122 for stacking the positive electrode 24 as the first electrode on a negative electrode 30 as a second electrode having a different polar characteristics from that of the positive electrode 24 as the first electrode on the basis of the position of the positive electrode 24 as the first electrode thus detected.

Abstract: A method for producing a wired circuit board includes the steps of preparing a metal supporting layer; forming an insulating layer on the metal supporting layer; roughening the surface of the insulating layer; forming a conductive pattern on the insulating layer; and inspecting the presence or absence of a defect of the conductive pattern by using an inspection device provided with a light emitting portion emitting incident light that enters the insulating layer and the conductive pattern and a light receiving portion receiving reflected light that is reflected from the incident light. The incident light has a wavelength in the range of 435 to 500 nm and includes inclined light that inclines so as to form an angle of more than 0° to not more than 30° with respect to the optical axis thereof.

Abstract: A cover plate, to cover part of a space between a door and a door surround, comprising at least one pressure element secured to at least part of the external face of the cover plate. The pressure element comprises two sheets, an external sheet and an internal sheet, these two sheets being superposed and fixed together. The internal and external sheets are respectively made from materials that have different thermal expansion properties causing at least a contraction of the internal sheet with respect to the external sheet, at least for a range of temperatures comprised between ?20° C. and ?50° C.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable floor covering, comprising a tufted textile substrate and a reinforcement layer wherein vacuum is used to move adhesive into stitch portions of the yarns and into the back side of the primary backing substrate to provide increased dimensional stability for the entire floor covering. Mixing of reinforcement fibers and adhesive takes place before in situ filtration of the adhesive and fibers. Further, compressed air is injected into the adhesive/fiber composition to provide spaces between the fibers before application of pressure to the composition. The vacuum, mixing, and injection of compressed air assist in preparing the adhesive and fiber composition to be in the preferred condition and position before the application of pressure to the composition.

Abstract: A polymer including a first repeating unit represented by Formula 1 and a second repeating unit including a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C30 alkenyl group: wherein, in Formula 1, groups R, R?, A, A?, Y, and Y? are defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a photosensing element for receiving infrared (IR) radiation and detecting the IR radiation and generating an electrical signal indicative of the IR radiation. A redistribution layer (RDL) is disposed under the photosensing element, the RDL comprising pattern of conductors for receiving the electrical signal. An IR reflection layer, an IR absorption layer or an isolation layer is disposed between the photosensing element and the RDL. The IR reflection layer, IR absorption layer or isolation layer provides a barrier to IR radiation such that the IR radiation does not impinge upon the RDL. As a result, a ghost image of the RDL is not generated, resulting in reduced noise and improved sensitivity and performance of the image sensor.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an organic light emitting diode (“OLED”) display includes: forming a contact pattern on a panel region of a surface of a board glass, where the board glass includes the panel region, and a peripheral area which surrounds the panel region; contacting the paper glass with a surface of the contact pattern corresponding to the panel region and the surface of the board glass corresponding to the peripheral area; adhering the surface of the board glass corresponding to the peripheral area to a surface of the paper glass; forming an organic light emitting element on the paper glass corresponding to the panel region; and separating the paper glass from the board glass by cutting the paper glass at a position corresponding to an end portion of the panel region adjacent to the peripheral area.

Abstract: Chemically and mechanically protective oxide film was formed on Mg alloys using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. Further modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in various aspects and the processes thereof were described. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 140°, attributed to hierarchical nano-micro structures. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with sheet resistance as low as 0.05 ?/sq is achieved by electro-less Ni deposition on MAO surfaces. Thirdly, black colors are achieved by the sol-gel process on MAO samples.

Abstract: A tear-resistant paperboard laminate includes a tear-resistant MD oriented Polyolefin core layer having first and second opposite sides. The tear-resistant paperboard laminate further includes a first paperboard layer bonded to the first side of the tear-resistant MD oriented Polyolefin core layer, with a first bonding medium. The tear-resistant paperboard laminate further includes a second paperboard layer bonded to the second side of the MD oriented Polyolefin core layer, with a second bonding medium. The first bonding medium and second bonding medium include a co-extrusion of thermoplastic material. The first bonding medium includes a first layer in contact with first paperboard layer and a second bonding medium in contact with the MD oriented Polyolefin core layer first side. A second bonding medium includes a first layer in contact with a second paperboard layer and a second layer in contact with the MD oriented Polyolefin core layer second side.

Abstract: Provided are a thermosetting adhesive composition excellent in storage stability, reliability, and low-temperature adhesion properties; and a curl-resistant heat-resistant film and a wiring film obtained using the composition. The thermosetting adhesive composition includes 100 parts by weight of a phenoxy resin having a bisphenol S skeleton in the structure thereof; 5 to 30 parts by weight of a maleimide compound containing a plurality of maleimide groups in the structure thereof; and 3 to 20 vol % of an inorganic needle-like filler. The heat resistant adhesive film is obtained by applying the thermosetting adhesive composition onto a polyimide film, followed by drying. The wiring film is obtained by placing a conductor wiring layer on the heat resistant adhesive film.

Abstract: A polycarbonate glazing includes a polycarbonate substrate and a silicon oxide-containing hard coating layer formed on one surface of the substrate, wherein the polycarbonate glazing has a haze difference (?Haze) of about 4.5 or less between before and after abrasion, as measured in accordance with ASTM D1003 after 500-cycle testing under conditions of a CS-10F abrasion wheel and a load of 500 g using a Taber Abraser, and has a water contact angle from about 40° to about 60°. The polycarbonate glazing may exhibit excellent abrasion resistance and transparency.

Abstract: Provided are an adhesive composition with good storage stability, heat resistance, moisture resistance reliability, and adhesion properties; and a curl- and heat-resistant adhesive film and a wiring film using the adhesive composition. The adhesive composition contains 100 parts by weight of a phenoxy resin (A) having plural alcoholic hydroxyl groups in a side chain of the molecule thereof; 2 to 60 parts by weight of a polyfunctional isocyanate compound (B) having an isocyanate group and at least one functional group selected from vinyl, acrylate, and methacrylate groups in the molecule thereof; and 5 to 30 parts by weight of a maleimide compound (C) having plural maleimide groups in the molecule thereof or/and reaction product thereof, in which a total amount of the components (B) and (C) is from 7 to 60 parts by weight.

Abstract: Provided is an entry sheet for drilling that, compared with a conventional entry sheet for drilling, has better hole position accuracy, can suppress drill bit breakage, and exhibits less processing chips wrapping around the drill bit. This entry sheet for drilling includes a metallic support foil and a layer comprising a resin composition that is formed on at least one surface of the metallic support foil, wherein the resin composition contains a cellulose derivative (A) and a water-soluble resin (B), the cellulose derivative (A) includes a hydroxyalkyl cellulose and/or a carboxyalkyl cellulose having a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 350,000, and based on 100 parts by mass of the resin composition, the content of the cellulose derivative (A) is 5 to 40 parts by mass and the content of the water-soluble resin (B) is 60 to 95 parts by mass.

Abstract: Construction element for walls and wall lining comprising at least one layer of lining material (11) and one layer of lightened natural lime (12) attached to the lining material (11) by drying to form a single body.

Abstract: There is provided a tape comprising a polypropylene backing having a thickness of at least 0.0254 mm and a synthetic rubber pressure sensitive adhesive having a thickness of at least 0.0229 mm, wherein the tape has a ratio of pressure sensitive adhesive to polypropylene backing thickness of at least 0.7:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an entry sheet for drilling use, which exhibits excellent hole position accuracy even when transported at ambient temperature for a long time and/or stored under a thermal environment having a higher temperature than in Japan, more specifically to an entry sheet for drilling use for a laminated board or a multi-layered board comprising a metallic support foil and a layer of water-soluble resin composition formed on at least one surface of the metallic support foil, wherein the water-soluble resin composition comprises a water-soluble resin, a water-soluble lubricant and a linear unsaturated fatty acid salt, the layer of water-soluble resin composition is formed by cooling from a cooling start temperature of 120° C. to 160° C. to a cooling end temperature of 25° C. to 40° C. within 60 seconds at a cooling rate of not less than 1.5° C./sec, the water-soluble resin composition has a degree of crystallinity of not less than 1.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a surface-treated copper foil, a copper-clad laminate plate including the same, a printed circuit board using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. In detail, the copper-clad laminate plate according to one implementation embodiment of the present invention includes: carrier; a peel layer formed on the carrier; a copper-clad layer formed on the peel layer; and a surface-treated layer formed on the copper-clad layer, in which the surface-treated layer includes a thiol-based compound. Therefore, the present invention provides a printed circuit board capable of improving an adhesive force between a base and a copper-clad layer without treating a roughed surface by forming the surface-treated layer on the copper-clad layer.

Abstract: Films useful as optical reflectors are prepared by coating a sheet of polyethylene terephthalate or other thermoplastic with acrylic polymer, white pigment, and optionally other additives such as impact modifiers, matting agents and UV stabilizers.

Abstract: This invention provides a PSA sheet comprising a PSA layer (A) constituting an adhesive face and a viscoelastic layer (B) supporting the PSA layer (A). The PSA layer (A) comprises, as a base polymer (A), a block copolymer of a monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound and a conjugated diene compound. The base polymer (A) comprises 30% by mass or more of a diblock copolymer. The viscoelastic layer (B) has a thickness of 200 ?m or larger.

Abstract: An entry sheet comprising polymer material for drilling printed circuit boards is provided. The entry sheet is suitable for use with a broad range of diameters, including commonly available drill diameters. The entry sheet comprises an adhesive epoxy configured to, among others, resist drill deflection, resist mechanical damage, and reduce to dust such that the entry sheet may increase drilling accuracy, protect printed circuit board from damage, minimize entry burrs, and may addresses other issues such as fliers, bird nesting, and the like.

Abstract: A front glass plate for a stacked structure includes greater than or equal to 5 mol % of Al2O3, in terms of an oxide, as a component, 50% crack initiation load of the front glass plate being greater than or equal to 0.5 kg.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are aminoplast resin-based coating compositions that provide formable, abrasion-resistant, and weatherable coatings when cured on the substrate. The coating compositions comprise an aminoplast resin; a curing catalyst; a first polyol having an average molecular weight greater than 300; a second polyol having an average molecular weight less than or equal to 300; and at least 5% by weight solids of at least two 2-hydroxyphenol benzotriazole (HPBT)-containing compounds based on the total solids of the coating composition. Also disclosed herein are articles comprising coatings cured from such coating compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is a gas barrier film laminate comprising at least two gas barrier films and a bonding layer, the at least two gas barrier films being stacked through the bonding layer, the bonding layer having a configuration in which a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is contiguously stacked on each side of a base film A, the base film A being formed of a synthetic resin having a tensile modulus at 23° C. of 3000 to 10,000 MPa. The present invention is also an electronic device member comprising the gas barrier film laminate. According to the present invention, provided are a gas barrier film laminate that exhibits an excellent gas barrier capability and excellent bendability, an electronic device member that includes the gas barrier film laminate, and an electronic device that includes the electronic device member.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a layered sheet structure comprising a carrier having a first and second surface, a metalized layer contacting one of the surfaces of the carrier and an inorganic refractory layer contacting the surface of the metalized layer not in contact with the carrier. The refractory layer has a dry area weight of from 15 to 50 gsm and a residual moisture content of no greater than 10 percent by weight. The carrier is a polymeric film, preferably polyethyleneterephthalate.

Abstract: The films of this invention are high temperature superconducting (HTS) thin films specifically optimized for microwave and RF applications. In particular, this invention focuses on compositions with a significant deviation from the 1:2:3 stoichiometry in order to create the films optimized for microwave/RF applications. The RF/microwave HTS applications require the HTS thin films to have superior microwave properties, specifically low surface resistance, Rs, and highly linear surface reactance, Xs, i.e. high JIMD. As such, the invention is characterized in terms of its physical composition, surface morphology, superconducting properties, and performance characteristics of microwave circuits made from these films.

Abstract: To provide a hard coating composition which forms a hard coat layer that has high visibility and good hardness, while having stretchability. To provide a technique which is capable of effectively preventing blocking phenomenon in a layered product such as a resin film without adversely affecting the visibility. The present invention provides a hard coating composition which contains (A) a phenolic novolac acrylate that has two or more acrylate groups and (B) an aromatic group-containing mono or poly(meth)acrylate compound that contains 1-2 mol of an alkylene oxide structure having two or three carbon atoms in each molecule. This hard coating composition contains 60-85 parts by mass of the phenolic novolac acrylate (A) and 15-30 parts by mass of the (meth)acrylate (B) per 100 parts by mass of the resin component contained in the hard coating composition.

Abstract: A transparent electrode includes a conductive layer and an intermediate layer disposed adjacent to the conductive layer. The intermediate layer contains a bipyridine derivative represented by the following general formula (1). The conductive layer is composed of silver as a main component. In the general formula (1), E1 to E10 each represent CR or N, and R represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and Ar represents a substituted or non-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a substituted or non-substituted aromatic heterocyclic ring.

Abstract: Adhesive patches for protecting skin imperfections such as age spots, from discoloring and/or darkening during sunless tanning are provided herein. The adhesive patches are sized and shaped to fully or partially cover the skin imperfections during application of a sunless tanning product such to provide a user with uniform color development over the entire skin, and, in some embodiments, to allow for the skin imperfection to appear less visible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an intermediate product for joining and coating by brazing comprising a base metal and a blend of boron and silicon, said base metal having a solidus temperature above 1040° C., and the intermediate product has at least partly a surface layer of the blend on the base metal, wherein the boron in the blend is selected from a boron source, and the silicon in the blend is selected from a silicon source, and wherein the blend comprises boron and silicon in a ratio of boron to silicon within a range from about 3:100 wt/wt to about 100:3 wt/wt. The present invention relates also to a stacked intermediate product, to an assembled intermediate product, to a method of brazing, to a brazed product, to a use of an intermediate product, to a pre-brazed product, to a blend and to paint.

Abstract: To improve the single crystallinity of a stacked film in which a ZrO2 film and a Y2O3 film are stacked or a YSZ film. A crystal film includes a Zr film and a stacked film in which a ZrO2 film and a Y2O3 film formed on the Zr film are stacked, and has a peak half-value width when the stacked film is evaluated by X-ray diffraction being 0.05° to 2.0°.