Abstract: A flooded lead acid battery includes a casing enclosing a plurality of cells having liquid electrolyte therein and a cover incorporating negative and positive terminals and having a plurality of vent holes. The vent holes are covered by at least one closure having a vent cavity therein, and a relatively rigid porous polytetrofluorethylene disc having hydrophobic properties is sealed within the vent cavity.

Abstract: An article, particularly a brass article, is coated with a multi-layer coating comprising a semi-bright nickel layer deposited on the surface of the article, a bright nickel layer deposited on the semi-bright nickel layer, a nickel-tungsten-boron layer deposited on the bright nickel layer, a chrome layer deposited on the nickel-tungsten-boron layer, a layer comprised of a non-precious refractory metal deposited on the chrome layer, a sandwich layer comprised of alternating layers of non-precious refractory metal compound, preferably zirconium nitride, and non-precious refractory metal, preferably zirconium, deposited on the non-precious refractory metal layer, a non-precious refractory metal compound such as zirconium nitride deposited on the sandwich layer, and a layer comprised of a non-precious refractory metal oxide or the reaction products of a non-precious refractory metal, oxygen and nitrogen deposited on the non-precious refractory metal compound layer.

Abstract: The present invention generally describes multilayer thermal barrier coating systems and methods of making the multilayer thermal barrier coating systems. The thermal barrier coating systems comprise a first ceramic layer, a second ceramic layer, a thermally grown oxide layer, a metallic bond coating layer and a substrate. The thermal barrier coating systems have improved high temperature thermal and chemical stability for use in gas turbine applications.

Abstract: A plastic molding with a plastic carrier (62) comprises several regions (50, 52, 54) separated from one another, at least some of these regions (50, 52, 54) being provided with optionally different films (40, 42). In the production of this non-coherent individual moldings separated from one another by separating spaces (46, 58) and corresponding to the regions (50, 52, 54) are first of all produced. Melt of the plastic carrier (62) is then injected into the separating spaces (46, 58), the individual moldings thereby being joined together. The plastic molding thus constitutes a one-piece whole which can be produced in a single production device (1).

Abstract: In a glass substrate for use in a magnetic recording medium, the glass substrate has a pair of principal surfaces opposite to each other and a peripheral side area contiguous to the principal surfaces. The peripheral side area has a side end wall and intermediate regions between the side end wall and the principal surfaces. In this case, at least one of the intermediate regions and the side end wall is formed by a mirror finished surface which has a surface roughness Ra not greater than 1 .mu.m or a surface roughness Rmax not greater than 4 .mu.m. With this structure, no particles are generated from the peripheral side area because the side end surface of the glass substrate is mirror finished. Consequently, reproduction is performed without reproduction errors because of no generation of a thermal asperity and a head crash can be sufficiently avoided because of no projections which might result from the particles.

Abstract: A gasket having two opposed faces and an edge disposed therebetween is given a wide coating on the edge. The coating is sufficiently wide so that it goes from corner to corner on the edge and protrudes past the corner on at least one side of the gasket in a direction perpendicular to a facial plane of the gasket. The coating protrudes in an amount effective to give the gasket a sealing ability which is better than the sealing ability of the same gasket if it had a coating merely extending from corner to corner without protruding.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having sufficiently low noise and high coercive force suitable for use with a MR head. The magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate 1, a non-magnetic underlayer 2, a magnetic layer 3 and a protective layer 4. The magnetic layer comprises a Co alloy and the non-magnetic underlayer comprises a first underlayer 21 comprising an Al--Co--Ni alloy and a second underlayer 22 comprising Cr or a Cr alloy laminated on the first underlayer.

Abstract: A magnetic head of storage/read separation type in which both a reproducing head of magnetoresistive type and a write head of magnetic induction type are formed through a magnetic shield. The magnetic head includes a ferromagnetic material and an antiferromagnetic material in intimate contact with said ferromagnetic material. At least a part of the antiferromagnetic material acts to bring about unidirectional anisotropy in the ferromagnetic material, and is made of Cr--Mn-based alloy, and at least a part of the ferromagnetic material in intimate contact with the antiferromagnetic material is made of Co or Co-based alloy.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive effect film is formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic thin films onto a substrate with an intervening non-magnetic thin film, an antiferromagnetic thin film being provided so as to neighbor to one of the ferromagnetic thin film via this intervening non-magnetic thin film. With the bias magnetic field applied to the antiferromagnetic thin film being Hr and the coercivity of the other ferromagnetic thin film being Hc.sub.2, the condition Hc.sub.2 <Hr is satisfied. The antiferromagnetic thin film is made of either a cobalt oxide, a nickel oxide, or an a-phase ion oxide, or of an alloy of two or more of these materials, this being formed as a two-layer film.

Abstract: The hard carbon coating-clad base material of the present invention comprises a base material, a substratal metal coating formed on the base material by a wet plating process, an intermediate metal coating comprising a titanium or chromium coating formed on the substratal metal coating by a dry plating process and a silicon coating formed on the titanium or chromium coating by a dry plating process, and a hard carbon coating formed on the silicon coating by a dry plating process. According to the present invention, a highly reliable hard carbon coating which is excellent in corrosion resistance, adhesion and abrasion resistance can be formed even on brass or an iron base material having poor corrosion resistance, such as SK steel and martensitic and ferritic stainless steels.

Abstract: A ceramic coating layer which is not less than 70 .mu.m in the maximum height Rmax of its profile curves and not less than 45 .mu.m in the 10-point average roughness, or which is less than 650 HV in Vickers hardness is provided on a metallic substrate. A heat-resistant member of such composition is excellent in thermal fatigue resistance and keeps an excellent heat resistance for a long period of time. Quality of a heat-resistant member is evaluated by, measuring at least one of roughness and hardness of a ceramic coating layer on a metallic substrate. According to this method, it is possible to easily and accurately evaluate a thermal resistant life of a heat-resistant member.

Abstract: A piston ring is formed with a nitrided layer over all surfaces and formed with a composite chromium plating film over the nitrided layer in the outer circumferential surface. The composite chromium plating film has a network of cracks formed on the outer surface and interior. Spherical alumina particles are fixed in these cracks. The average size of the spherical alumina particles is 0.7 to 10 .mu.m and the dispersion ratio of the spherical alumina particles is 3 to 15 percent by volume.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a cobalt-samarium magnetic alloy layer is formed having a high aerial recording density and exhibiting high coercivity, utilizing an underlayer with a thin nucleation layer thereon. Embodiments include sputter depositing a Cr or Cr alloy underlayer on a non-magnetic substrate, including alternative substrates, and sputter depositing a thin nucleation layer comprising Cr or a Cr alloy on the underlayer. A CoSm alloy layer is sputter deposited on the nucleation layer under substantially the same inert gas pressure as the nucleation layer, whereby Cr diffuses from the nucleation layer into and alloys with the CoSm magnetic alloy layer, thereby increasing media coercivity and corrosion resistance, and reducing media noise. A Cr overcoat on a CoSm alloy layer greatly reduces the oxidation of CoSm, thereby improving its corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A steel slab is rough-rolled into a sheet bar and butt-joined onto a preceding sheet bar and a widthwise end portion of the sheet bar is heated by means of an edge heater and then subjected to a continuous finish rolling through pair-cross rolls rolling on at least 3 stands to provide a hot rolled steel strip having a width of not less than 950 mm, a thickness of 0.5-2 mm and a crown within .+-.40 .mu.m, and the hot rolled steel strip is subjected to cold rolling, continuous annealing, temper rolling and, if necessary, plating treatment on the surface of the cold rolled steel strip, whereby there is obtained a steel sheet having an average thickness of not more than 0.20 mm and a width of not less than 950 mm, a thickness variation quantity in a widthwise direction is within .+-.4% of the average thickness in a region corresponding to not less than 95% of the width of the steel sheet as cold rolled and a hardness (HR30T) variation in the widthwise direction is within .+-.3 of an average hardness.

Abstract: The signal-to-noise ratio of a magnetic recording medium having a thin magnetic layer is improved by adjusting the deposition conditions of the underlayer so that the magnetic layer is pseudo-epitaxially grown with a substantially uniform sub-micron-scale morphology. Uniform sub-micron-scale morphology can be attained by strategic selection of the underlayer and magnetic layer materials, and by controlling the underlayer deposition conditions so that the magnetic layer is epitaxially grown by a growth mechanism which is predominantly layer by layer. In an embodiment of the present invention, an underlayer comprising an alloy of chromium with vanadium, titanium or manganese, or an underlayer comprising a nickel-aluminum alloy, is sputter deposited at a pressure less than about 10 mTorr, substrate temperature greater than about 300.degree. C. and substrate bias greater than about 300 V, and a cobalt magnetic layer is epitaxially grown thereon, predominantly layer by layer.

Abstract: An improved substrate and stamper holder and method of forming substrates are disclosed. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a substrate for a DVD has a moat with a capillary barrier shape. Under one embodiment, the moat has a region with an abrupt outer diameter transition. One embodiment has the outer diameter transition at approximately at a right angle relative to a registering surface of the substrate. Another embodiment of the invention provides a wider moats. The improvements reduce the likelihood of resin wicking past the moats.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lipstick blotter having sheet-like main body of generally circular shape and a thickness of from about one to about three millimeters, the periphery of said body having a plurality of generally arced cutouts spaced about the periphery to allow the user to position lips around the cutouts to blot freshly applied lipstick, the blotter having at least one handle member extending from said main body, the blotter being of a soft absorbent polyether polyurethane material.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is formed by depositing a Cr-containing sub-underlayer on a surface oxidized seed layer, such as NiP, with direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering, depositing a NiAl or FeAl underlayer on the sub-underlayer, and depositing a Cr-containing intermediate layer on the NiAl or FeAl underlayer. The medium features high coercivity, low noise, and (200)-dominant underlayer crystallographic orientation, even with sub-underlayer deposition at temperatures as low as about 25.degree. C. The medium is suitable for high density longitudinal magnetic recording.

Abstract: A bond coat (20) of a thermal barrier coating system for components designed for use in a hostile thermal environment, such as turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The composition of the bond coat (20) has graded thermal expansion properties that moderate the transition between a metal substrate (10) and a thermal-insulating ceramic layer (12) of a TBC protecting the substrate (10), while also reducing the service temperature of the bond coat (20) so as to reduce its rate of oxidation. Preferably, the bond coat (20) has multiple layers (20a, 20b, 20c), with the coefficients of thermal conductivity of the individual bond coat layers (20a, 20b, 20c) being very close to that of the substrate (10) in order to promote heat transfer from the outward layer (20c) of the bond coat (20) to the substrate (10).

Abstract: Chromium-tantalum oxides (Cr-TaO.sub.x), including chromium-tantalum pentoxide (Cr-Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5), chromium-tantalum tetrioxide (Cr-Ta.sub.2 O.sub.4 or Cr-TaO.sub.2), sputtering targets containing them, and their manufacture are disclosed. The targets are characterized by high density, uniform TaO.sub.x distribution, low impedance and stable plasma during the sputtering. The Cr-Ta oxides are used as a thin film sublayer to improve the coercivity and other characteristics of magnetic recording media deposited on metallic or non-metallic substrates used in hard disks for data storage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high-coercivity magnetic recording media used in a hard disk drive. The magnetic recording medium comprises a nonmagnetic substrate, a seed layer comprising NiAl alloy sputtered onto the substrate, a sublayer comprising CrV alloy sputtered onto the seed layer, a magnetic layer comprising CoCrPtTaNb alloy sputtered onto the sublayer, and a carbon overcoat sputtered onto the magnetic layer. The magnetic recording medium of such a structure has improved signal-to-noise ratio, coercivity, overwrite capability, and orientation ratio thereby greatly improving the storage density and read/write capacity of the magnetic recording medium. Furthermore, the coercivity of the magnetic layer of CoCrPtTaNb alloy according to the present invention can be as high as 4000 Oersteds even without the use of the NiAl seed layer.

Abstract: To provide heat-resistant alloy members that maintain the resistance to corrosion at high temperature of the chromized layer formed on Ni- or Co-base heat-resistant alloys and which yet are improved in various mechanical properties. The improved Ni- or Co-base heat-resistant alloy member having a chromized layer that is characterized by having a chromium concentration of 25-80% and a thickness of 10-100 .mu.m. This member is produced by controlling both the vapor pressure of a chromium halide being used in chromization and the temperature therefor in such a way that the chromized layer being formed is adjusted to have a chromium concentration and a thickness within the ranges specified above.

Abstract: A chromium alloy plating film is covered on the surface of sliding members and corrosion resistant members. The chromium alloy plating film is a Cr--Mo--I type alloy plating film containing iodine in 0.1 to 1.4 percent by weight and molybdenum in 0.4 to 3.8 percent by weight.

Abstract: A spin valve device containing a chromium or chromium and aluminum antiferromagnetic layer, which acts as a pinning layer for a magnetoresistive ferromagnetic layer, by exchange coupling. The antiferromagnetic layer has a tunable Neel temperature and anisotropy constant, and is corrosion resistant.

Abstract: A bond coat of a thermal barrier coating system for components designed for use in a hostile thermal environment, such as turbine, combustor and augmentor components of a gas turbine engine. The composition of the bond coat has graded thermal expansion properties that moderate the transition between a metal substrate and a thermal-insulating ceramic layer of a TBC protecting the substrate, while also reducing the service temperature of the bond coat so as to reduce its rate of oxidation. Preferably, the bond coat has multiple layers, with the coefficients of thermal conductivity of the individual bond coat layers being very close to that of the substrate in order to promote heat transfer from the outward layer of the bond coat to the substrate. By minimizing the service temperature of the bond coat while grading the thermal expansion properties through the coating system, a more spall-resistant coating system is achieved.

Abstract: A non-magnetic substrate, a Cu layer having a film thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 nm, a Cr layer having a film thickness of 100 nm or less, a magnetic layer made of CoCrPt alloy in which a percentage content of Cr ranges from 12 atoms % to 20 atoms % and a percentage content of Pt ranges from 4 atoms % to 18 atoms %, a protective layer and a lubricating layer are arranged in that order to form a magnetic recording medium. Because the Cu layer is sufficiently thinned, a medium noise is sufficiently reduced, and a medium S/N ratio is sufficiently heightened. Because the film thickness of the Cr layer is 100 nm or less, the medium noise is reduced. Because the composition of CoCrPt alloy is limited in the magnetic layer, the medium S/N ratio is heightened. In addition, it is preferred that another Cu layer having a film thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 nm be inserted into the magnetic layer to divide the magnetic layer into two layers.

Abstract: To provide heat-resistant alloy members that maintain the resistance to corrosion at high temperature of the chromized layer formed on Ni- or Co-base heat-resistant alloys and which yet are improved in various mechanical properties. The improved Ni- or Co-base heat-resistant alloy member having a chromized layer that is characterized by having a chromium concentration of 25-80% and a thickness of 10-100 .mu.m. This member is produced by controlling both the vapor pressure of a chromium halide being used in chromization and the temperature therefor in such a way that the chromized layer being formed is adjusted to have a chromium concentration and a thickness within the ranges specified above.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate with no reduction in the effective usage area and mechanical strength, and non-uniformity of the resist film thickness, and method of manufacturing and using the same are obtained. A detection mark for detecting the crystal orientation of a silicon wafer having an outer perimeter entirely of a circular contour is formed at a predetermined region of the silicon wafer. The crystal orientation of the semiconductor wafer can easily be detected with the outer perimeter still taking a circular contour. Therefore, various problems encountered in a conventional semiconductor substrate having an orientation flat or notch such as reduction in mechanical strength and effective usage area, and non-uniformity of the resist film can be circumvented.

Abstract: A 0.1 to 0.5 mm-thick plated steel sheet having high coercive force and magnetic flux density is provided by hot rolling a slab comprising by weight carbon: 0.01 to 0.09%, silicon: not more than 1.0%, phosphorus: not more than 0.3%, manganese: not more than 1.5%, sulfur: not more than 0.04%, aluminum: not more than 1.0%, and nitrogen: not more than 0.01% with the balance consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities, cold rolling the hot rolled sheet, annealing the cold rolled sheet to prepare a steel sheet having an average grain diameter of 3 to 15 .mu.m, temper rolling the steel sheet with a reduction ratio of not more than 3%, and plating the temper rolled sheet with chromium or nickel. This enables the provision of a magnetic shielding material having no significant drift and very good electron beam landing properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite disk for use as inlet or regulating disk, wherein a support disk and at least one hard material disk having a functional surface are arranged above one another, the support and hard material disks are joined to one another by frictional fastening, forcelocking, formlocking, mechanical interlocking, retention by self substance and/or bonding, the support disk has a thickness of at least 0.6 mm and the hard material disk has a thickness of from 0.05 to 2.5 mm and the hard material disk comprises a material having a Vickers microhardness of at least 1300 HV 0.5.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic material having a high exchange coupling and a high thermal stability, and a magnetic storage system using this material which has excellent reliability and recording density, and a magnetoresistive storage/read separation head having a high sensitivity and a low noise property. The magnetic storage/read system of the invention mounts a magnetoresistive head using a chromium-manganese antiferromagnetic layer/a cobalt alloy layer as a pinning layer or the longitudinal bias layer of the spin-valve type magnetoresistive layered film.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a magnetic layer of a Co alloy with a Pt content of about 3 to about 6 atomic % and is given a higher coercive force. The medium includes a ground layer formed on a nonmagnetic base plate and having a composition comprising, as expressed in atomic %, 1 to 6% of Ta, 1 to 6% of Cu and the balance substantially Cr, whereby an increased crystal lattice constant is afforded to the Cr.

Abstract: A bilayer magnetic recording medium having first and second magnetic recording layers separated by a nonmagnetic isolation layer is disclosed. The medium is characterized by a high coercivity, low noise and an improved overwrite. In producing the medium, the second magnetic layer is deposited under sputtering conditions effective to produce a higher coercivity.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having low medium noise and suitable for high density magnetic recording is produced with a bicrystal cluster magnetic layer on a glass or glass-ceramic substrate. An underlayer which is formed with a (200) crystallographic orientation induces the formation of a bicrystal cluster microstructure in a magnetic alloy layer epitaxially grown on the underlayer.

Abstract: A balloon decoration enclosure apparatus includes a generally flat closure disk having first, second and third spaced-apart slots, each extending from the perimeter of the disk toward the center thereof, to allow threading the neck of an inflated balloon up through the first slot, over the top of the disk and down through a second slot, and then under the disk and up through the third slot. When so positioned, the inflated balloon extends downwardly of the disk, and the mouth of the balloon extends upwardly a short distance. The disk includes a nipple extending upwardly from near the center of the disk for insertion into a centrally disposed opening of a retainer disk which is pressed down upon the closure disk. A decorative sheet of resilient material is disposed between the closure disk and retainer disk when the retainer disk is in place on the closure disk, so that the material extends upwardly and outwardly from the closure disk and retainer disk in a decorative, generally conical shape.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media comprise non-metallic substrates which are coated with a seedlayer of carbon or silicon. The seedlayer improves the magnetic recording characteristics of a subsequent magnetic layer. The effect of the seedlayer is further enhanced by use of an underlayer, preferably a chromium or chrome alloy ground layer, between the seedlayer and magnetic layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is magnetic recording media having a high coercivity sufficient to cope with the recent high density recording, low noise property and excellent squareness, and a target for forming a magnetic film useful for realizing the magnetic recording media. The magnetic film is made of a Co based alloy containing: Cr in an amount of 8-18 atomic %; one kind or more of elements selected from a group consisting of V, Mo and W in an amount of 3-10 atomic %, or one kind or more of the elements and Ta in an amount of 3-10 atomic %; Pt in an amount of 0.5 to 20 atomic % or Ni in an amount of 5-30 atomic %, as needed; and the balance being Co and inevitable impurities, wherein the total content of Cr and one kind or more of the elements selected from a group consisting of V, Mo and W, or of Cr and one kind or more of the elements and Ta is specified to be 24 atomic % or less.

Abstract: The present invention describes a disk drive and a thin film magnetic disk with improved recording performance of a magnetic medium having a thin seed layer material consisting of a CrTi alloy between the underlayer and the substrate. The seed layer thickness should be between 5-150.ANG. with 5-30.ANG. being preferable. The percentage of Ti should be greater than 5 at % with recording performance of the magnetic medium improving with increased percentage of Ti. The addition of Ti to Cr, increases the operable thickness range for the seed layer and, thereby, improves the manufacturability.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an aluminum alloy containing silicon is anodized using an electrolyte including a compound containing an anion having complexing capability such as sodium hydrogenphosphate or tribasic sodium phosphate, a salt of an organic acid containing an oxyacid anion such as sodium citrate or sodium tartrate or an alcohol such as sorbitol, and a halide such as potassium fluoride or sodium fluoride. The use of such an electrolyte results in a reduced amount of silicon being incorporated in the anodic oxide film. When the resulting oxide film is subjected to an electrodeposition treatment such as electroplating or electrolytic coloring, wasteful consumption of electrodeposition current can be inhibited. An aluminum alloy decorative cover is produced by buffing the surface of an aluminum alloy containing silicon, forming the anodized film on the buffed surface, and subjecting the anodized film to sequential nickel and chromium plating.

Abstract: A die cut self adhesive label sheet, comprising at least three circular CD-ROM labels arranged on a letter or A4 size sheet. The sheet preferably has about a 5 mm margin on each side, with CD-ROM label diameters of about 115 mm (letter size) and 112-113 mm (A4 size). A plurality of additional labels may be formed in the interstices.

Abstract: The present invention includes a magnetoresistive type sensor having a first sensor layer of NiFe and a first layer of antiferromagnetic material, preferably NiMn. Portions of the first NiFe layer are deposited directly on top of the first layer of antiferromagnetic material such that the portions of the first NiFe sensor layer are in contact with the first layer of antiferromagnetic material. The first layer of antiferromagnetic material exchange couples with the first NiFe sensor layer to thereby provide domain stabilization of the first NiFe sensor layer. The first layer of antiferromagnetic material is deposited directly on top of a first baselayer of molybdenum to enhance the exchange coupling between the first NiFe sensor layer and the first antiferromagnetic layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-density magnetic recording medium (or "media" as it is sometimes called) for a recording/reproduction system (such as thosed used in computer disk drives) and, more particularly, to a magnetic recording medium having a plurality of magnetic recording layers such that the uppermost layer is comparatively thinner and more densely structured than the lower magnetic recording layers. The present magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic plated substrate, a non-magnetic underlying layer laminated on the plated substrate, a plurality of magnetic alloy layers including the uppermost layer laminated onto the underlying layer, a non-magnetic covering layer laminated onto the uppermost layer, and a lubricating layer formed onto the non-magnetic covering layer.

Abstract: A magnetic thin-film medium characterized by high coercivity, loop squareness, and signal-to-noise ratio characteristics. The medium includes a disc-like substrate, a sputtered Cr underlayer having a thickness between 100-300 .ANG., and a sputtered Co alloy magnetic thin-film layer having a thickness between 250-800 .ANG.. The sputtered Cr and magnetic layers are preferably formed under sputtering conditions in which a negative bias of between -50 to -600 volts is applied to the substrate.

Abstract: A low-noise, thin-film magnetic recording medium, and method of making the same, are disclosed. The medium has a multilayer magnetic-film construction, where the individual magnetic-film layers are isolated by a thin ferromagnetic film. The ferromagnetic layer is effective to reduce the medium noise and increase medium signal-to-noise ratio at least as much as a Cr isolation having the same isolation-layer thickness, but with substantially less reduction in overwrite.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising: a non-magnetic substrate;a Co-based alloy magnetic layer (ML); and a non-magnetic Cr-based underlayer position between said magnetic layer and said substrate, compatibly provided with a high S/N and a high coercive force, and an intermediate layer (IL), formed of a Co-based alloy having the hcp structure, which is positioned between the magnetic layer and the non-magnetic underlayer, said intermediate layer having a ratio R=(BsIL*IL)/(BsML*ML), which is the product (BsIL*IL) of the saturation magnetic flux density (BsIL) of the Co-based alloy which constitutes said intermediate layer and the thickness (tIL) of the intermediate layer film to the product (BsML*ML) of the saturation magnetic flux density (BsML) of the Co-based alloy which constitutes said magnetic layer and the magnetic layer film thickness (tML) at 0.2 or less.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: A composite compression molded article is formed from a composition comprising: a) 60 to 97%, preferably 75 to 90%, by weight of rubber particles of a varied size distribution in the range of 5 to 30 mesh, b) 3 to 20%, preferably 5 to 12%, by weight, of a polymerizable material, said polymerizable material being non-reactive with said rubber particles, and polymerizing to form a matrix surrounding said rubber particles, and c) 0 to 20%, preferably 5 to 13%, by weight, of reinforcing fibres, said fibres being non-reactive with said polymerizable material; the article can particularly be formed as a gasket or adjustment unit which absorbs mechanical vibrations transmitted through a metal component thereby protecting an adjacent concrete component against fracture caused by such vibrations; other articles may also be produced including dock wedges, wheel chocks, speed bumps, delineator bases, anti-vibration pads, manhole and catch basin adjustment risers and portable temporary road or path surface members for us

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.

Abstract: A multi-layer magnetic material (10) has magnetic vectors (21,22) that point along a length (27) of the material (10). Opposing magnetic fields cause the vectors to snap past the perpendicular position with a rapid change in the resistance of the material. The material is used as a memory cell (37,38,39,41) of a memory (36).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnetoresistance effect element which has a film with a spin valve structure or an artificial lattice film having good soft magnetic characteristics, and which can be applied to a high-sensitivity magnetic head. The present invention provides a magnetoresistance effect element including a stacked film formed on a substrate by sequentially stacking a ferromagnetic film containing as its main constituents at least one elements selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ni, a nonmagnetic film, and the ferromagnetic film, wherein the two ferromagnetic films are not coupled with each other, and the closest packed plane of each ferromagnetic film is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.