Applying Subbing Layer Patents (Class 430/131)
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Patent number: 11634610Abstract: The present invention provides a method for covering a substrate, and includes the following operations: (a) admixing at least four different silane monomers and at least one bi-silane to a first solvent(s) to form a mixture, with the proviso that at least one of the silane monomers or the bi-silane comprises an active group capable of achieving cross-linking to adjacent siloxane polymer chains of the siloxane polymer composition; (b) subjecting the mixture to an acid treatment so that the silane monomers are at least partially hydrolysed, and the hydrolysed silane monomers, the silane monomers and the bi-silane are at least partially polymerized and cross-linked; (c) optionally changing the first solvent to a second solvent; and (d) subjecting the mixture to further cross-linking of the siloxane polymer to achieve a predetermined degree of cross-linking, depositing the siloxane polymer composition on the substrate, and optionally curing the deposited siloxane polymer composition.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2021Date of Patent: April 25, 2023Assignee: OPTITUNE OyInventors: Ari Karkkainen, Milja Hannu-Kuure, Admir Hadzic, Jarkko Leivo, Henna Jarvitalo, Rauna-Leena Kuvaja, Graeme Gordon, Matti Pesonen
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Patent number: 11180676Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a glass cleaning agent, a self-cleaning glass, and preparation methods thereof. The cleaning agent for a glass includes, by weight percentage, 40% to 65% of silicone monomer, 10% to 20% of a first silane coupling agent, 5% to 15% of a second silane coupling agent, 0.1% to 2% of organic tin catalyst, and 5% to 20% of crosslinking agent. The first silane coupling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ?-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and N-(?-aminoethyl)-?-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The second silane coupling agent is ?-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2019Date of Patent: November 23, 2021Assignees: CSG HOLDING CO., LTD., SHENZHEN CSG APPLIED TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.Inventors: Haichao Liang, Qi Wang
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Patent number: 11079693Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive substrate; an undercoating layer that contains inorganic particles surface-treated with a surface treatment agent, and is provided in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conductive substrate; and a photosensitive layer provided on the undercoating layer, wherein, with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the conductive substrate, a proportion of an area being in contact with the inorganic particles is from 82% to 91%.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2019Date of Patent: August 3, 2021Assignee: FUJIFILM Business Innovation Corp.Inventor: Eri Kunisawa
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Patent number: 11021616Abstract: Disclosed are a self-exposure method for a surface of conductive particles anchored in a polymer layer, a method of fabricating an anisotropic conductive film using the self-exposure method, and the anisotropic conductive film. A self-exposure method for a surface of conductive particles within a polymer layer may include controlling surface energy of multiple conductive particles so that a difference between surface energy of polymer to be used to fabricate the polymer layer and surface energy of the multiple conductive particles to be included in the polymer layer is a preset difference or more, forming a polymer solution by dissolving the polymer into a solvent in which the conductive particles having controlled surface energy have been mixed, and generating the polymer layer from which at least part of a surface of the multiple conductive particles has been externally exposed due to a difference in the surface energy by drying the polymer solution.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2018Date of Patent: June 1, 2021Assignee: KOREA ADVANCED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: KyoungWook Paik, Dal Jin Yoon
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Patent number: 10007199Abstract: A single-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer. The conductive substrate contains aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A surface of the conductive substrate has an aluminum oxide film or an aluminum alloy oxide film. The photosensitive layer is disposed directly on the conductive substrate. The photosensitive layer contains an electron transport material. The electron transport material has a reduction potential of at least ?0.88 V and no greater than ?0.66 V versus a reference electrode (Ag/Ag+). The single-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member has a leakage onset voltage of at least 5.0 kV in a high temperature and humidity environment at a temperature of 30° C. and a relative humidity of 80%. The leakage onset voltage is a voltage applied to the single-layer electrophotographic photosensitive member at which current leakage starts.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 2016Date of Patent: June 26, 2018Assignee: KYOCERA Document Solutions Inc.Inventors: Tomofumi Shimizu, Junichiro Otsubo, Yasuhiro Oishi
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Patent number: 9933714Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photoreceptor including a conductive support having thereon an intermediate layer, a charge generating layer, a charge transporting layer, and a protective layer sequentially laminated in that order, wherein the intermediate layer contains rutile type titanium oxide particles, and 50% or more of the rutile type titanium oxide particles have an organic compound on a surface of the titanium oxide particles; the charge generating layer has a pigment containing a 2,3-butanediol adduct of a phthalocyanine compound; the charge transporting layer contains a charge transporting material having an ionization potential of 5.45 to 5.60 eV; and the protective layer contains metal oxide particles and the charge transporting material in a cured resin prepared by curing a polymerizable compound.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2016Date of Patent: April 3, 2018Assignee: KONICA MINOLTA, INC.Inventors: Keiichi Inagaki, Seijiro Takahashi, Hiroshi Nakahara
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Patent number: 9811012Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which an undercoat layer contains a metal oxide particle, a particular benzophenone compound and a particular ketone compound, a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member and a process for producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member.Type: GrantFiled: September 15, 2016Date of Patent: November 7, 2017Assignee: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Mai Murakami, Ryoichi Tokimitsu, Wataru Kitamura
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Patent number: 9772568Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member including a support, an undercoat layer, and a photosensitive layer in this order, in which: the undercoat layer does not contain a metal oxide, or contains the metal oxide but the content of the metal oxide in the undercoat layer is 10 mass % or less; and the undercoat layer contains a polymerized product of a composition containing at least one kind of anthraquinone derivative selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (1) and a compound represented by the formula (2).Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2016Date of Patent: September 26, 2017Assignee: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Kunihiko Sekido, Michiyo Sekiya, Kei Tagami, Masashi Nishi
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Patent number: 9714370Abstract: Electrically and/or thermally conductive polymer composites and methods of preparing same are provided. In some embodiments, a method for preparing an electrically and/or thermally conductive polymer composite may include (1) mixing a polymer, a conductive particulate filler, and a solvent to form a non-conductive polymer solution or melt; (2) processing, the non-conductive polymer solution or melt to form a non-conductive polymer network composition; wherein the presence of solvent during three-dimensional network formation manipulates the polymer network structure; and (3) removing the solvent from the non-conductive polymer network composition to form an electrically and/or thermally conductive polymer composite. The altered polymer chain structure present in the non-conductive polymer network composition is maintained in the composite, and offsets the impact of particulate filler addition including increased modulus, decreased elasticity, and decreased elongation at break.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2013Date of Patent: July 25, 2017Assignee: The United States of America as represented by The Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Randy A. Mrozek, Joseph L. Lenhart
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Patent number: 9588448Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer containing a resin and a metal oxide particle whose surface has been treated with a compound represented by formula (1), and the resin is a polymerized product of a composition containing a compound having a group represented by formula (2) and a polyol.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2015Date of Patent: March 7, 2017Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kazumichi Sugiyama, Daisuke Tanaka, Takeshi Murakami, Daisuke Kawaguchi
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Patent number: 9372419Abstract: Provided are an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a residual potential hardly increases at the time of image formation, a pattern memory hardly occurs, and the crack of a conductive layer hardly occurs, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. To this end, the conductive layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains a titanium oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, a tin oxide particle doped with phosphorus, and a binding material, and when a total volume of the conductive layer is represented by VT, a total volume of the titanium oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus in the conductive layer is represented by V1P, and a total volume of the tin oxide particle doped with phosphorus in the conductive layer is represented by V2P, the VT, the V1P, and the V2P satisfy the following expressions: 2?{(V2P/VT)/(V1P/VT)}×100?25 and 15?{(V1P/VT)+(V2P/VT)}×100?45.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2013Date of Patent: June 21, 2016Assignee: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Haruyuki Tsuji, Atsushi Fujii, Kazuhisa Shida, Nobuhiro Nakamura, Hideaki Matsuoka, Hiroyuki Tomono
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Patent number: 9372418Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a leak hardly occurs, and a process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus having the same are provided. The conductive layer in the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a binder material, a first metal oxide particle, and a second metal oxide particle. The first metal oxide particle is a titanium oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, or fluorine, and the second metal oxide particle is an uncoated titanium oxide particle. The contents of the first and second metal oxide particles in the conductive layer is 20 to 50 vol. % and 1.0 to 15 vol. %, respectively based on the total volume of the conductive layer. The content of the second metal oxide particle in the conductive layer is 5.0 to 30% by volume based on the content of the first metal oxide particle in the conductive layer.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2013Date of Patent: June 21, 2016Assignee: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Kazuhisa Shida, Atsushi Fujii, Haruyuki Tsuji, Nobuhiro Nakamura, Hideaki Matsuoka, Hiroyuki Tomono
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Patent number: 9248610Abstract: The disclosed embodiments include methods of making belts for apparatuses useful in printing and fuser belts for apparatus useful for printing. An embodiment of the methods includes forming a first layer of the belt using a first material comprising a first polymer applied on an inner surface of a mandrel, the first layer including a first outer surface facing the inner surface of the mandrel and a first inner surface; forming a second layer of the belt using a second material comprising a second polymer applied over the first inner surface, the second layer including a second inner surface; and removing the belt from the mandrel.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2009Date of Patent: February 2, 2016Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Paul M. Fromm
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Patent number: 9201320Abstract: Disclosed is a production process of an organic photoreceptor which can suppress occurrence of uneven density and image defects. The production process of an organic photoreceptor, the organic photoreceptor including an intermediate layer and an organic photosensitive layer on the intermediate layer, includes: applying a coating liquid for forming the intermediate layer to a conductive support to form a coating film, the coating liquid being obtained by dissolving a binder resin in a solvent and dispersing first and second metal oxide fine particles therein; and drying the coating film. The Pe number of the first metal oxide fine particles is two or more times larger than that of the second metal oxide fine particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2014Date of Patent: December 1, 2015Assignee: KONICA MINOLTA, INC.Inventors: Hiroshi Nakahara, Shinichi Hamaguchi, Tomoo Sakimura, Mayuko Matsusaki
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Publication number: 20150086921Abstract: A method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which leakage hardly occurs is provided. For this, in the method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention, a coating liquid for a conductive layer is prepared using a solvent, a binder material, and a metallic oxide particle having a water content of not less than 1.0% by mass and not more than 2.0% by mass; using the coating liquid for a conductive layer, a conductive layer having a volume resistivity of not less than 1.0×108 ?·cm and not more than 5.0×1012 ?·cm is formed; the mass ratio (P/B) of the metallic oxide particle (P) to the binder material (B) in the coating liquid for a conductive layer is not less than 1.5/1.0 and not more than 3.5/1.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 17, 2013Publication date: March 26, 2015Inventors: Atsushi Fujii, Hideaki Matsuoka, Haruyuki Tsuji, Nobuhiro Nakamura, Kazuhisa Shida
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Patent number: 8980510Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a leakage hardly occurs, a process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a method for producing the electrophotographic photosensitive member are provided. The conductive layer in the electrophotographic photosensitive member contains metal oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with niobium or tantalum. The relations: Ia?6,000 and 10?Ib are satisfied. The conductive layer before the test is performed has a volume resistivity of not less than 1.0×108 ?·cm and not more than 5.0×1012 ?·cm.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 2013Date of Patent: March 17, 2015Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Atsushi Fujii, Hiroyuki Tomono, Haruyuki Tsuji
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Publication number: 20140377703Abstract: Provided is a process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the process including the steps of: preparing a dispersion liquid by dispersing particles each containing an electron transporting substance in an aqueous dispersion medium; forming the coat of the dispersion liquid on the support; and forming an undercoat layer by heating the coat at a temperature equal to or more than the melting point of the electron transporting substance.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2014Publication date: December 25, 2014Inventors: Harunobu Ogaki, Atsushi Okuda, Kunihiko Sekido
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Publication number: 20140377702Abstract: Disclosed is a production process of an organic photoreceptor which can suppress occurrence of uneven density and image defects. The production process of an organic photoreceptor, the organic photoreceptor including an intermediate layer and an organic photosensitive layer on the intermediate layer, includes: applying a coating liquid for forming the intermediate layer to a conductive support to form a coating film, the coating liquid being obtained by dissolving a binder resin in a solvent and dispersing first and second metal oxide fine particles therein; and drying the coating film. The Pe number of the first metal oxide fine particles is two or more times larger than that of the second metal oxide fine particles.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 3, 2014Publication date: December 25, 2014Applicant: Konica Minolta, Inc.Inventors: Hiroshi NAKAHARA, Shinichi HAMAGUCHI, Tomoo SAKIMURA, Mayuko MATSUSAKI
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Publication number: 20140342276Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes an undercoat layer containing a silane coupling agent having a divalent group represented by —NH— and an urethane resin. The modulus of elastic deformation (we/wt) of a surface of the undercoat layer satisfies formula (X), where the modulus of elastic deformation is measured by a universal hardness test.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 28, 2012Publication date: November 20, 2014Applicant: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Mai Murakami, Kenichi Kaku, Wataru Kitamura, Yuka Ishiduka, Ryoichi Tokimitsu, Hideaki Nagasaka, Takeshi Murakami
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Publication number: 20140295344Abstract: A composition that contains a compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved in an organic compound, and the composition is purified by using a basic adsorbent that contains at least 15% by mass magnesium and has a volume average particle diameter of 10 ?m to 500 ?m, both inclusive. An undercoat-layer-forming coating liquid is prepared by removing the basic adsorbent and dispersing metal oxide particles in the obtained solution containing the purified form of the composition. An undercoat layer is formed by forming a coat of the undercoat-layer-forming coating liquid and drying the coat.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 28, 2014Publication date: October 2, 2014Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Mai Murakami, Yuka Ishiduka, Wataru Kitamura, Masaki Nonaka, Ryoichi Tokimitsu
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Publication number: 20140212806Abstract: A method for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member including an undercoat layer includes preparing a coating liquid for an undercoat layer containing zinc oxide particles, a polyol, a blocked isocyanate compound whose isocyanate group is blocked with a specific structure, and a solvent mixture, in which the solvent mixture contains a monohydric alcohol in an amount of 1 chemical equivalent or more based on the specific structure and 90% by mass or less based on the total mass of the solvent mixture, and a ketonic solvent and/or a cyclic ether solvent in an amount of 7% by mass or more based on the total mass of the solvent mixture.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 23, 2014Publication date: July 31, 2014Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Kazumichi Sugiyama, Daisuke Tanaka, Kazunori Noguchi
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Publication number: 20140154620Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, an undercoat layer formed on the support, and a photosensitive layer formed on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer is an electron transporting layer and contains a metal salt of organic acid having at least one metal element selected from Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 26, 2013Publication date: June 5, 2014Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Yota Ito, Michiyo Sekiya, Kunihiko Sekido, Atsushi Okuda, Nobuhiro Nakamura, Kazunori Noguchi, Daisuke Tanaka, Kazumichi Sugiyama, Yuka Ishiduka
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Patent number: 8735031Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate; an undercoat layer provided on the electroconductive substrate and composed of: metal oxide fine particles including particles of at least one metal oxide and at least one organic compound provided on the particles of the at least one metal oxide as a surface treatment; and a copolymer resin synthesized by copolymerization of essential constituent monomers composed of a dicarboxylic acid, a diol, a triol and a diamine; and a photosensitive layer laminated on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer permits (a) attaining stable electric potential characteristics in all environments ranging from low temperature and low humidity environments to high temperature and high humidity environments, (b) suppressing the occurrence of printing defects and density differences, and (c) simultaneously attaining transfer restorability and restorability from intense light-induced fatigue even in a wide variety of usages and operation environments.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 2009Date of Patent: May 27, 2014Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazuki Nebashi, Yoichi Nakamura, Ikuo Takaki, Seizo Kitagawa, Shinjiro Suzuki
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Publication number: 20140038093Abstract: A photoconductor and method of forming a photoconductor comprising forming a charge generation material comprising a plurality of quantum dots, and forming an active region comprising one or more photoconductor layers comprising the charge generation material including the quantum dots is disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 2, 2012Publication date: February 6, 2014Inventors: Farzad Parsapour, Juzo Kuriyama, Rodney Loyd
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Patent number: 8563204Abstract: A photoconductor containing an optional supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer, and at least one charge transport layer comprised of at least one charge transport component, and wherein the photogenerating layer contains a hydroxygallium phthalocyanine, a hydroxyaluminum phthalocyanine, a polymeric binder, and a silanol.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2010Date of Patent: October 22, 2013Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Jin Wu
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Patent number: 8524430Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member obtained by providing, on a conductive support, a conductive layer containing conductive particles having a volume-average particle diameter of 0.1 ?m or more, an intermediate layer, and a photosensitive layer in the stated order in which the conductive layer contains a polyolefin resin containing a specific repeating structural unit at a specific ratio, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each having the electrophotographic photosensitive member.Type: GrantFiled: November 25, 2009Date of Patent: September 3, 2013Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shinji Takagi, Hideaki Nagasaka, Kunihiko Sekido, Michiyo Sekiya
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Patent number: 8410255Abstract: The present invention provides a family of dark quenchers, termed Black Hole Quenchers (“BHQs”), that are efficient quenchers of excited state energy but which are themselves substantially non-fluorescent. Also provided are methods of using the BHQs, probes incorporating the BHQs and methods of using the probes.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2010Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignee: Biosearch Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Ronald M. Cook, Matt Lyttle, Daren Dick
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Patent number: 8354210Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor that stabilizes electrical performances and prevents generation of image faults such as memories, irrespective of types of organic materials of resin binder and charge transport material, and variation of temperature and humidity of the operation environment. An electrophotographic photoconductor includes at least a photosensitive layer formed over a conductive substrate, wherein the photosensitive layer contains a cyclohexane dimethanol-diaryl ester compound represented by the formula (I): in formula (I), each of R1 through R10 represents independently, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group of carbon number of from 1 to 5, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group of carbon number of from 1 to 5.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 2007Date of Patent: January 15, 2013Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ikuo Takaki, Yoichi Nakamura, Kazuki Nebashi
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Patent number: 8263312Abstract: Antireflective coatings comprising (i) a silsesquioxane resin having the formula (PhSiO(3-x)/2(OH)x)mHSiO(3-x)/2(OH)x)n(MeSiO(3-x)/2(OH)x)p where Ph is a phenyl group, Me is a methyl group, x has a value of 0, 1 or 2; m has a value of 0.01 to 0.99, n has a value of 0.01 to 0.99, p has a value of 0.01 to 0.99, and m+n+p=1; (ii) a polyethylene oxide fluid; and (iii) a solvent; and a method of forming said antireflective coatings on an electronic device.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2006Date of Patent: September 11, 2012Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: Peng-Fei Fu, Eric Scott Moyer
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Publication number: 20120225381Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member is provided in which black spots on an output image are hardly caused by local charge injection from a support to a photosensitive layer. For this purpose, a conductive layer is formed using a coating liquid for a conductive layer prepared using a solvent, a binder material and a metal oxide particle that satisfies the following relation (i): 45?A×?×D?65 (i) wherein A denotes the surface area of the metal oxide particle per unit mass [m2/g], D denotes the number average particle diameter of the metal oxide particle [?m], and ? denotes the density of the metal oxide particle [g/cm3]. The metal oxide particle is a titanium oxide particle coated with tin oxide doped with phosphorus.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 1, 2012Publication date: September 6, 2012Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Nobuhiro Nakamura, Hideaki Matsuoka, Atsushi Fujii, Haruyuki Tsuji, Kazuhisa Shida
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Patent number: 8227166Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate generally to layers that are useful in imaging apparatus members and components, for use in electrophotographic, including digital, apparatuses. Embodiments pertain to an improved electrophotographic imaging member incorporating an outer layer having a nano- to micron-scale pattern imprinted into its surface to lower friction with the cleaning blade and improve print quality and performance. Embodiments also pertain to methods for making the improved imaging member.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2009Date of Patent: July 24, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Woo Soo Kim, Nan-Xing Hu, Yvan Gagnon, Johann Junginger
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Publication number: 20120134713Abstract: An aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor. The method includes forming at least one layer selected from the group consisting of an undercoat layer, a photosensitive layer, and a protective layer, by jetting by an inkjet method a first coating liquid and a second coating liquid from liquid drop discharging heads which are different from each other, and mixing the first coating liquid and the second coating liquid on a conductive substrate. The first coating liquid and the second coating liquid react with each other when they are mixed.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 7, 2012Publication date: May 31, 2012Applicant: FUJI XEROX CO., LTD.Inventors: Tomotake INAGAKI, Kazuyuki TADA, Tomomasa SATO, Masaru AGATSUMA
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Patent number: 8142968Abstract: The disclosed embodiments are directed to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a release layer. More particularly, the disclosure relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a release layer which comprises an organosilane compound coated over the substrate surface. Other embodiments include methods for coating layer removal using a specifically configured electrophotographic photoreceptor having a release layer and methods for recovering a charge transport molecule.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 2009Date of Patent: March 27, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Robert P. Altavela, Yuhua Tong, Edward F. Grabowski, Kent J. Evans, Adilson Ramos, Nancy Belknap, Helen R. Cherniack
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Publication number: 20120034556Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes an electroconductive substrate; an undercoat layer provided on the electroconductive substrate and composed of: metal oxide fine particles including particles of at least one metal oxide and at least one organic compound provided on the particles of the at least one metal oxide as a surface treatment; and a copolymer resin synthesized by copolymerization of essential constituent monomers composed of a dicarboxylic acid, a diol, a triol and a diamine; and a photosensitive layer laminated on the undercoat layer. The undercoat layer permits (a) attaining stable electric potential characteristics in all environments ranging from low temperature and low humidity environments to high temperature and high humidity environments, (b) suppressing the occurrence of printing defects and density differences, and (c) simultaneously attaining transfer restorability and restorability from intense light-induced fatigue even in a wide variety of usages and operation environments.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 27, 2009Publication date: February 9, 2012Applicant: FUJI ELECTRIC CO., LTD.Inventors: Kazuki Nebashi, Yoichi Nakamura, Seizo Kitagawa, Ikuo Takaki, Shinjiro Suzuki
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Patent number: 8103191Abstract: The invention provides an image forming apparatus having: an image holding member; a charging unit; a latent image-forming unit; a development unit; a measuring unit; and a control unit. The image holding member has a substrate having a surface having regular reflectance in a range of about 30% to about 95% with respect to light having a first wavelength and a subbing layer having a light transmittance of about 50% or greater per unit thickness of the layer with respect to light having the first wavelength and a photosensitive layer having absorption with respect to light having a second wavelength that is different from the first wavelength.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2008Date of Patent: January 24, 2012Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hidemi Nukada, Takahiro Suzuki, Isamu Ishiko
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Patent number: 8043783Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments are directed to imaging members for use in electrostatographic, including digital, apparatuses. More particularly, the embodiments pertain to processes for preparing the substrate of such imaging members that use laser technology.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 2007Date of Patent: October 25, 2011Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Steven D. Bush, Kyle B. Tallman
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Patent number: 7732113Abstract: In an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support, a conductive layer formed on the support, an intermediate layer formed on the conductive layer, and a photosensitive layer formed on the intermediate layer, the conductive layer has been formed by using a conductive layer coating fluid which contains TiO2 particles coated with oxygen deficient SnO2 having an average particle diameter of from 0.20 ?m or more to 0.60 ?m or less, and has a volume resistivity of from more than 8.0×108 ?cm to 1.0×1011 ?cm or less. The electrophotographic photosensitive member can keep charging lines from occurring.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 2006Date of Patent: June 8, 2010Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kazushige Nakamura, Hidetoshi Hirano, Hirotoshi Uesugi, Hirofumi Kumoi, Shinji Takagi, Yukihiro Abe, Junpei Kuno, Daisuke Miura
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Patent number: 7732111Abstract: A photoconductor containing a supporting substrate; an undercoat layer comprised of a mixture of an aminosilane and a halogenated polymer; a photogenerating layer; and at least one charge transport layer.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2007Date of Patent: June 8, 2010Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, Satchidanand Mishra, Geoffrey M T. Foley, Anthony M. Horgan, Yonn K. Rasmussen, Michael A. Morgan, Kathleen M. Carmichael, Edward F. Grabowski, Liang-Bih Lin
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Patent number: 7723000Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes an undercoat layer and a photosensitive layer sequentially provided on a conductive substrate. The undercoat layer is mainly composed of a resin and contains a metal oxide. The resin is provided by mixing and polymerizing raw materials of aromatic dicarboxylic acid in a range of 0.1 to 10 mol %, two or more types of dicarboxylic acid other than the aromatic dicarboxylic acid, two or more types of diamine, and at least one type of cyclic amide compound. The resin exhibits an acid value and a base value each of at most 6.0 KOH mg/g. Advantageously, generation of secondary aggregates in the undercoat layer, which result in image defects such as black spots and fogging on a white field, is suppressed.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2006Date of Patent: May 25, 2010Assignee: Fuji Electric Device Technology Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shinjirou Suzuki, Yoichi Nakamura, Ikuo Takaki, Kazuki Nebashi
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Patent number: 7700250Abstract: A photoconductor containing an optional supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer thereover, and at least one charge transport layer, and wherein the photogenerating layer contains a chelating agent, and a Type V titanyl phthalocyanine prepared, for example, by dissolving a Type I titanyl phthalocyanine in a solution comprising a trihaloacetic acid and an alkylene halide; adding the mixture comprising the dissolved Type I titanyl phthalocyanine to a solution comprising an alcohol and an alkylene halide thereby precipitating a Type Y titanyl phthalocyanine; and treating the Type Y titanyl phthalocyanine with a monohalobenzene.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2006Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, John S. Chambers, Francisco J. Lopez, Daniel V. Levy, Liang-Bih Lin
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Patent number: 7686939Abstract: Embodiments include a fractionated and/or distilled wax having from about 30 to about 64 carbon units, a degree of crystallinity as calculated by heat of melting and as measured by DSC of from about 55 to about 100, a Mw is from about 500 to about 800, and a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2005Date of Patent: March 30, 2010Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Raj D. Patel, David J. Sanders, T Hwee Ng, Stephan V. Drappel, Sandra J. Gardner, Sonja Hadzidedic, Louis V. Isganitis, Timothy L. Lincoln, Kevin F. Marcell
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Patent number: 7662272Abstract: Embodiments include a distilled wax having a crystallinity of from about 55 to about 100 percent, wherein the degree of crystallinity is calculated using the following formulas: [Heat of enthalpy (Hm) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); [Heat of recrystallization (Hrc) J/g/294 J/g]×100=degree of crystallinity (Xc); and Sc/(Sc+Sa)]×100%, wherein Sc is a diffraction peak area of a crystalline component of the wax and the Sa is a diffraction peak area of an amorphous component of the wax; and wherein the Mp, Mn and Mw of the wax are all within the range of from about 500 to about 800, and wherein the wax has a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 1.05.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2005Date of Patent: February 16, 2010Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Raj D. Patel, David J. Sanders, T Hwee Ng, Stephan V. Drappel, Sandra J. Gardner, Sonja Hadzidedic, Timothy L. Lincoln, Kevin F. Marcell, Louis V. Isganitis
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Patent number: 7651828Abstract: A method for preparing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, includes coating an electroconductive substrate with an undercoat layer containing a blocked isocyanate compound, an oil-free alkyd resin including a hydroxyl group and basic amine; crosslinking the blocked isocyanate compound, oil-free alkyd resin including a hydroxyl group and basic amine; and coating the undercoat layer with a photosensitive layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 2009Date of Patent: January 26, 2010Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventor: Takehiko Kinoshita
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Patent number: 7645555Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for forming a photoreceptor is disclosed which is provided with an anticorrosion layer on the interface between the supporting substrate surface and the undercoat layer. The photoreceptor has a high mechanical strength and minimizes defects in print for longer periods of time.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 2009Date of Patent: January 12, 2010Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Liang-Bih Lin, Philip G. Perry, Andronique Ioannidis, William G. Herbert, David M. Skinner, Jin Wu, Kendra Michele Giza, Nancy Belknap, Yonn Rasmussen, Geoffrey M. T. Foley, John F. Yanus, Jennifer Y. Hwang, Robert P. Altavela
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Publication number: 20090324281Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is provided that contains a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer, a charge generation layer, and a charge transport layer, wherein the under coat layer contains a binder resin and multiple inorganic pigments each having different average primary particle diameters in a total amount of from 75 to 86% by weight, the charge generation layer contains a binder resin and a titanyl phthalocyanine pigment having a specific X-ray diffraction spectrum in an amount of from 70 to 85% by weight, the charge transport layer comprises a specific distyryl compound, and the following formulae (2-1) to (2-3) are satisfied: 0.2?(D(F2)/D(G))?0.5??(2-1) 0.2?D(F1)??(2-2) D(F2)?D(F1)??(2-3) wherein D(F1) (?m) and D(F2) (?m) represent average primary particle diameters of the largest and smallest inorganic pigments, respectively, and D(G) (?m) represents an average primary particle diameter of the titanyl phthalocyanine pigment.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 23, 2009Publication date: December 31, 2009Applicant: RICOH COMPANY, LTD.Inventors: Hiromi Tada, Nozomu Tamoto, Tomoyuki Shimada, Takafumi Iwamoto
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Patent number: 7638249Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate in general to electrophotographic imaging members, such as layered photoreceptor structures, and processes for making and using the same. More particularly, the embodiments pertain to a photoreceptor undercoat layer that includes a metal oxide having a moisture content of less than 5 percent by weight of the total weight of the metal oxide, as well as, polyol and aminoplast resins, to improve image quality.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2006Date of Patent: December 29, 2009Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Liang-bih Lin, Daniel V. Levy, Jin Wu, John S. Chambers, Francisco Lopez
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Publication number: 20090214978Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor and method for forming a photoreceptor is disclosed which is provided with an anticorrosion layer on the interface between the supporting substrate surface and the undercoat layer. The photoreceptor has a high mechanical strength and minimizes defects in print for longer periods of time.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2009Publication date: August 27, 2009Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Liang-Bih LIN, Philip G. PERRY, Andronique IOANNIDIS, William G. HERBERT, David M. SKINNER, Jin WU, Kendra Michele GIZA, Nancy BELKNAP, Yonn RASMUSSEN, Geoffrey M. T. FOLEY, John F. YANUS, Jennifer Y. HWANG, Robert P. ALTAVELA
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Publication number: 20090202937Abstract: A method for preparing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, includes coating an electroconductive substrate with an undercoat layer containing a blocked isocyanate compound, an oil-free alkyd resin including a hydroxyl group and basic amine; crosslinking the blocked isocyanate compound, oil-free alkyd resin including a hydroxyl group and basic amine; and coating the undercoat layer with a photosensitive layer.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 18, 2009Publication date: August 13, 2009Inventor: Takehiko Kinoshita
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Patent number: 7563549Abstract: Provided is an imaging member comprising a substrate, an undercoat layer (UCL), a charge generation layer, a charge transport layer, and an optional overcoat layer. The undercoat layer is formed from a single-phase UCL coating formulation comprising an organic titanate, a polymer containing active hydrogen, and an aminosilane. The UCL formulation has improved properties such as stability, processing convenience, and longer pot life etc. The UCL formulation can be used to manufacture an imaging member such as photoreceptor with improved properties such as stable, thick UCL coating, resistance to electrical failure, and PIDC independency on UCL thickness etc.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 2005Date of Patent: July 21, 2009Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Jin Wu, Yuhua Tong, Jennifer Y. Hwang, Liang-bih Lin, Andronique Ioannidis, Nancy L. Belknap, Timothy J. O'Brien, Anthony Uttaro, Jr.
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Patent number: 7544453Abstract: The presently disclosed embodiments relate in general to electrophotographic imaging members, such as layered photoreceptor structures, and processes for making and using the same. More particularly, the embodiments pertain to a photoreceptor that incorporates copolymers to that provide electron transporting functionality to improve image quality.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 2005Date of Patent: June 9, 2009Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: T. Edwin Freeman, Nancy Belknap, John F. Yanus