Abstract: Extraneous metal ions in a source of water can often make the water unsuitable for use as the continuous phase of an aqueous fracturing fluid. Extraneous metal ions can be a particular issue for produced water and other process water sources. Methods for treating water and forming a fracturing fluid therefrom can comprise: providing a metal-laden water comprising a quantity of one or more metal ions; combining an N-(phosphonoalkyl)iminodiacetic acid or a salt thereof with the metal-laden water to form a remediated water, the remediated water comprising the N-(phosphonoalkyl)iminodiacetic acid, the salt thereof, a metal complex thereof or a combination thereof; and formulating the remediated water into a fracturing fluid comprising a gelled polymer.

Abstract: An aqueous ink for ink jet containing a self-dispersible pigment, a compound represented by General Formula (I): where in General Formula (I) each R1 independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.

Abstract: An indication clothing being adapted to be worn by an object is provided. The indication clothing comprises an indication sign, a storage module, a G-sensor and a process module. The storage module is configured to store threshold information. The G-sensor is configured to sense an instantaneous moving action of the object and generate a sensed value related to the instantaneous moving action when the object is moving. The process module is electrically connected to the indication sign, the G-sensor and the storage module, and is configured to control the indication sign by comparing the sensed value with the threshold information so that the indication sign indicates the instantaneous moving action of the object.

Abstract: Provided is a recording material with a superior heat resistance and having a low content of a dihydroxydiphenylsulfone derivative, and a color-developing composition for producing the recording material. With the use of this color-developing composition, a recording material with a superior heat resistance at the background part can be provided and the content of a dihydroxydiphenylsulfone derivative, such as 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, in the color-developing composition can be reduced to 2% by mass or less, or further to 1% by mass or less.

Abstract: A method and composition for processing color film is described. The color film is processed by developing it using first and second compositions. The second composition is an aqueous composition including a buffer, an antioxidant, a preservative, a hydroxide and a developer selected from the group consisting of a hydroquinone and an ascorbic acid.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat-sensitive recording material, which is highly sensitive, is almost free of staining on the background, and gives a recorded image excellent in stability during storage, by using a finely divided sensitizer dispersion excellent in shelf stability produced in a short time with high volumetric efficiency. The invention relates to a method of producing a sensitizer dispersion, which comprises emulsifying and finely dividing a heat-sensitive recording sensitizer by melting under heating in an aqueous emulsifying dispersant, and then crystallizing the finely divided emulsified dispersion under rapid cooling, wherein the sensitizer is at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,2-bis(phenoxy)ethane, 1,2-bis(3-methylphenoxy)ethane, 1,2-bis(4-methylphenoxy)ethane, p-benzylbiphenyl, di-p-methylbenzyl oxalate, and ?-naphthyl benzyl ether.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, having at least one each of blue-, green-, and red-sensitive emulsion layers containing yellow, magenta, and cyan couplers, respectively, on a support; wherein said blue-sensitive emulsion layer contains at least one coupler of formula (I); and wherein the light-sensitive material satisfies expression a-1) and/or b-1): wherein, Q forms a 5- to 7-membered ring with the —N?C—N(R1)—; R1 and R2 each are a substituent; m is 0 to 5; and X is a hydrogen atom, or a coupling split-off group; 0.5?Dmax(UV)/Dmin(UV)?1.1: ??a-1) wherein Dmax(UV)/Dmin(UV) is the smallest of the value in a wavelength range of 340 to 450 nm; 1300?(B?C)/A?20000: ??b-1) wherein B is yellow Dmax, C is yellow Dmin; and A is an amount mol/m2 of the coupler of formula (I).

Abstract: A method for forming color images comprising subjecting a silver halide color photosensitive material to a development processing in the presence of a compound (A) defined below, wherein the silver halide color photosensitive material having a blue-sensitive unit, a green-sensitive unit and a red-sensitive unit, each of which comprises at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one non-light-sensitive layer on a support, compound (A): a heterocyclic compound having one or two hetero atoms, the heterocyclic compound being capable of increasing speed of the silver halide color photosensitive material by the presence thereof in comparison to the case where the heterocyclic compound is absent.

Abstract: A method of forming color image, comprising processing a silver halide color photosensitive material with a development processing solution containing a color developing agent, the silver halide color photosensitive material comprising a support and, superimposed thereon, a blue-sensitive layer unit composed of at least one silver halide emulsion layer, a green-sensitive layer unit composed of at least two silver halide emulsion layers, a red-sensitive layer unit composed of at least two silver halide emulsion layers and at least one non-light-sensitive layer, wherein the development processing solution or processing solution applied to the silver halide color photosensitive material before the use of the development processing solution contains compound (A), the compound (A) being a heterocyclic compound having three or more heteroatoms which when added, is capable of substantially enhancing the sensitivity of the silver halide color photosensitive material as compared with that exhibited when not added.

Abstract: A color developer solution is disclosed, comprising p-phenylenediamine type color developing agents, wherein 2% to 35% by weight of the p-phenylenediamine color developing agents is accounted for by a N-hydroxyalkyl-substituted p-phenylenediamine color developing agent, and the color developer solution further comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2):

Abstract: An aqueous, homogeneous, single-part color developing concentrate comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an organic antioxidant. The concentrate also includes a water-miscible or water-soluble organic co-solvent and a quaternary ammonium salt to enhance its stability. The concentrate can be used to make a working strength processing solution, or it can be used as a replenishing composition with proper dilution, and is particularly useful for processing color negative or color reversal photographic silver halide films.

Abstract: A method for deriving a color negative film developer composition and processing conditions for developing a photographic film image which is optimized for subsequent digital scanning and digital image file manipulation, which allows for optimum rapid development processing of the film is disclosed.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material containing a compound of the formula: wherein R1, R2 and R3 each represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; R4 represents an alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic group; R1 and R2, or/and R2 and R4 may combine with each other to form a 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered ring; Z represents a group of non-metallic atoms that form a 5-membered, 6-membered or 7-membered ring together with the nitrogen atom and two carbon atoms in the benzene ring; R5 represents an alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic group, in which the compound of the formula contains none of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group and a sulfo group in each of R1, R2, R3 and R4.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition for use in printing plates is described.

Abstract: A process for purifying p-phenylenediamine color developers in their free-base form. The process includes subjecting a solution containing p-phenylenediamine-type free base color developer to short path distillation which includes at least one of falling film evaporator, thin film evaporator, wiped film evaporator, or short-path evaporator. Another aspect is a method for preparing an acid salt from a p-phenylenediamine free base color developer. The method includes the steps of: a) dissolving a purified p-phenylenediamine free base derived from the short path distillation process in an organic solvent; b) contacting the dissolved free base distillate with an appropriate mineral acid; and c) crystallizing the color developer in the acid salt form.

Abstract: A color developer solution capable of inhibiting precipitation or tar-staining occurring in the processing tank or the roller rack, even when being processed rapidly or at low replenishing rate and a concentrated composition thereof is disclosed, comprising at least one selected from specified N-disubstituted hydroxylamine derivatives and at least one selected from specified N-monosubstituted hydroxylamine derivatives in a molar ratio falling within the range of 1000:1 to 1:1.

Abstract: An amplified color developing composition is stabilized with a cyclicaminomethanediphosphonic acid or salt thereof alone of in combination with other stabilizing compounds. This composition also comprises a color developing agent, a redox oxidizing agent (such as hydrogen peroxide), and a hydroxylamine antioxidant for the color developing agent. The amplified color developing composition can be formulated using a two- or three-part processing kit. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials such as color photographic papers.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic element comprises at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising a silver halide emulsion comprising core/shell silver halide grains wherein the core region comprises silver bromide with from about 5 to about 20% silver iodide and the shell region comprises silver bromide with about 0.1 to about 10% silver iodide and said layer contains a fragmentable electron donor compound of the formula X—Y′ or a compound which contains a moiety of the formula —X—Y′; wherein X is an electron donor moiety, Y′ is a leaving proton H or a leaving group Y, with the proviso that if Y′ is a proton, a base, &bgr;−, is covalently linked directly or indirectly to X, and wherein: 1) X—Y′ has an oxidation potential between 0 and about 1.

Abstract: A method for deriving a color negative film developer composition and processing conditions for developing a photographic film image which is optimized for subsequent digital scanning and digital image file manipulation, which allows for optimum rapid development processing of the film is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for purifying p-phenylenediamine color developers in their free-base form. The process includes subjecting a solution containing p-phenylenediamine-type free base color developer to short path distillation which includes at least one of falling film evaporator, thin film evaporator, wiped film evaporator, or short-path evaporator.

Abstract: A process for purifying p-phenylenediamine color developers in their free-base form. The process includes subjecting a solution containing p-phenylenediamine-type free base color developer to short path distillation which includes at least one of falling film evaporator, thin film evaporator, wiped film evaporator, or short-path evaporator. Another aspect is a method for preparing an acid salt from a p-phenylenediamine free base color developer. The method includes the steps of: a) dissolving a purified p-phenylenediamine free base derived from the short path distillation process in an organic solvent; b) contacting the dissolved free base distillate with an appropriate mineral acid; and c) crystallizing the color developer in the acid salt form.

Abstract: A method for deriving a color negative film developer composition and processing conditions for developing a photographic film image which is optimized for subsequent digital scanning and digital image file manipulation, which allows for optimum rapid development processing of the film is disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic processing element is disclosed, comprising a color developing agent or its precursor. The element further comprises a base or its precursor. An image forming method is also disclosed, comprising superposing a processing element comprising a color developing agent or its precursor on an exposed silver halide photographic material to perform development of the photographic material to form an image.

Abstract: A color-developing agent of the formula (1-1): 1

Abstract: A photographic processing element is disclosed, comprising a color developing agent or its precursor. The element further comprises a base or its precursor. An image forming method is also disclosed, comprising superposing a processing element comprising a color developing agent or its precursor on an exposed silver halide photographic material to perform development of the photographic material to form an image.

Abstract: A multi-part color developing kit includes at least two parts (or solutions) of photochemical compositions that can be mixed to provide a color developing composition useful for obtaining color photographic images. A first aqueous solution is formulated with a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, an inorganic base, a triazinylstilbene optical brightening agent, an chemical base and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent. A second aqueous solution is formulated with a buffering agent, the same or different chemical base and a phosphonic acid metal ion sequestering agent. Both solutions have a pH and homogeneity to provide a clear color developing composition that is safer for use and disposal.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous photographic color developing compositions include a photographic color developing agent in free base form and a compound represented by Structure I 1

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material excellent in color generation, color reproduction and image fastness, which comprises at least one coupler represented by the following formula: wherein R1 represents an alkyl group which may be optionally substituted, with the proviso that an alkyl group substituted by a halogen atom alone and an alkyl group substituted by a halogen atom and an aryl group are excluded from R1; R2 and R3, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; and X1 represents a group which can leave by coupling with an oxidation product of a color developing agent; and an image formation method using the same.

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of two specific types of polyphosphonic acid sequestering agents. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The mixture of sequestering agents includes a polyaminopolyphosphonic acid and either a hydroxyalkylidenediphosphonic acid or morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide color photographic material comprising a support, photosensitive silver halide emulsion layers grouped into at least three units according to their color sensitivities, each of which comprises a blue-sensitive, green-sensitive or red-sensitive silver halide emulsion, a color developing agent and a coupler, and a light-insensitive layer, wherein the photographic material has a total silver coverage of at most 5.0 g/m2, and at least one emulsion comprised in the highest-speed emulsion layer of at least one of each unit is a tabular silver halide emulsion that comprises tabular silver halide grains having an average thickness of from 0.05 to 0.20 &mgr;m.

Abstract: High contrast color images can be obtained from aerial color photography by rapidly processing certain color photographic silver halide films with a color developing composition under certain conditions. The color developing composition can have a pH of from about 10.2 to about 10.6 and a color developing agent at a concentration of least 0.015 mol/l. Color development is carried out for less than 180 seconds at from about 40 to about 42° C. The resulting color images have a contrast greater than 0.83, low Dmin, low granularity and high sharpness and resolution.

Abstract: This invention relates to an imaging element, such as a photographic or photothermographic element comprising a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the element also comprises a compound of Structure I: wherein the substituents are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A multi-part color developing kit includes at least two parts (or solutions) of photochemical compositions that can be mixed to provide a color developing composition useful for obtaining color photographic images. A first aqueous solution is formulated with a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, an inorganic base, a triazinylstilbene optical brightening agent, an chemical base and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent. A second aqueous solution is formulated with a buffering agent, the same or different chemical base and a phosphonic acid metal ion sequestering agent. Both solutions have a pH and homogeneity to provide a clear color developing composition that is safer for use and disposal.

Abstract: A multi-part color developing kit includes at least two parts (or solutions) of photochemical compositions that can be mixed to provide a color developing composition useful for obtaining color photographic images. A first aqueous solution is formulated with a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, an inorganic base, a triazinylstilbene optical brightening agent, an chemical base and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent. A second aqueous solution is formulated with a buffering agent, the same or different chemical base and a phosphonic acid metal ion sequestering agent. Both solutions have a pH and homogeneity to provide a clear color developing composition that is safer for use and disposal.

Abstract: This invention provides a silver halide photographic emulsion having high sensitivity and small processing dependence and a photosensitive material using the emulsion. The silver halide photographic emulsion is characterized in that the variation coefficient of equivalent-circle diameters of all grains is 40% or less, and 50% or more of the total projected area are accounted for by tabular grains meeting conditions (i) to (v) below: (i) the tabular grains are silver iodobromide or silver bromochloroiodide tabular grains having (111) faces as major surfaces, (ii) an equivalent-circle diameter is 3.5 &mgr;m or more and a thickness is 0.25 &mgr;m or less, (iii) a silver iodide content is 2 to 6 mol %, (iv) a silver chloride content is 3 mol % or less, (v) a silver iodide distribution has a quintuple or a higher-order multiple structure.

Abstract: A color developing composition is stable in the presence of calcium ion because of the presence of a specific polyphosphonic acid sequestering agent. The composition also comprises a color developing agent in free base form and an antioxidant for the color developing agent. The calcium ion sequestering agent is morpholinomethanediphosphonic acid or a salt thereof. This sequestering agent can be used alone to control calcium ion precipitates, or in combination with a polyaminopolyphonic acid or salt thereof. The composition can be used to provide images in various color photographic silver halide materials.

Abstract: Disclosed are new color developing agents such as those shown below and their analogues: When the color developing agent is used, the color development is accelerated and the developed photosensitive material can be prevented from yellow stain during storage thereof.

Abstract: A heat developable color photographic light-sensitive material comprising at least one dye providing compound represented by the formula (L1) shown below and at least one developing agent represented by the formula (1) or (2) shown below: The symbols in the above formulae are defined and described in detail in the specification.

Abstract: An electron accepting developer useful for producing visible images by reaction with an electron donor in carbonless paper and photo-imaging systems, the developer comprising an acid-treated, water insoluble alkali metal-modified, inorganic oxide or an acid-treated molecular sieve.

Abstract: 4-(N,N-Dialkylamino)aniline compounds of the following general formula (I): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, R2 to R5 each represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and R2 and R3, R1 and R2, or R4 and R5 may form a ring together; a processing composition for color photography, which contains at least one of these compounds; and a color image-forming method wherein at least one of these aniline compounds is used.

Abstract: Specific aromatic compounds having an extended planar .pi. system are useful as spectral sensitizing dye stain reducing agents in photographic processing compositions and methods for providing color or black-and-white images in various photographic silver halide materials. These compounds are devoid of diaminostilbene fragments or fused triazole nuclei. They are particularly useful in fixing and bleaching compositions in the processing of color photographic silver halide materials, but can be used in various other processing compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the stabilization of dry N,N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine color developers and to the stabilized compositions thus obtained wherein the color developer which is susceptible to oxidative discoloration is intimately mixed with a stabilizing amount of an alkali metal metabisulfite, bisulfite or sulfite The method is particularly useful for the stabilization of salts of N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)4-amino-3-methylaniline.

Abstract: There is disclosed a heat-developable color photographic light-sensitive material having on a base at least a light-sensitive silver halide, a binder, a coupler, and a reducing agent, wherein, as the reducing agent, a co-emulsion comprising at least one silver-developing reducing agent and at least one color-image-forming reducing agent is contained, and the silver-developing reducing agent is a specific sulfonamidophenol compound, and wherein the coupler forms a diffusion dye by reaction with an oxidized product of the color-image-forming reducing agent. The light-sensitive material can secure good discrimination by rapid processing and it is excellent in raw stock storability.

Abstract: As it has been described above, a color developing agent composition according to the invention, which includes a compound given by Formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 through R.sub.6 are substituents respectively and independently are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom or any substituted or unsubstituted group selected from among an alkyl group, an alkoxyl group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group, possible substitution groups for the selected group comprising a hydroxyl group, an amino group and an alkoxyl group; (2) a paraphenylene diamine type color developing agent; and (3) a compound given by Formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are substituents respectively and independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom or a substituted or an unsubstituted alkyl group.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing a color-developing agent of formula (I) and a coupler of formula (II), in at least one photographic constitutional layer: ##STR1## In formula (I), Z is a carbamoyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or aryloxycarbonyl group, and Q is a group of atoms that, together with the C, form an unsaturated ring. In formula (II), Cp is a coupler residue, Time is a group that releases PUG upon released from Cp by coupling reaction, PUG is a photographically useful group, and t is 0, 1, 2, or 3. There is also disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing a color-developing agent of formula (I), a dye-forming coupler, and a non-dye-forming coupler (that is unsubstituted on its active site), in at least one photographic constitutional layer. There is further disclosed methods for forming an image using the light-sensitive materials.

Abstract: A diffusion transfer silver halide photographic material containing a color developing agent represented by the following formula (I) in a hydrophilic colloid layer provided on a support: ##STR1## wherein C.sub..alpha. represents a carbon atom; Z represents a carbamoyl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an aryloxycarbonyl group; and Q represents an atomic group for forming a unsaturated ring together with C.sub..alpha., whereby a color diffusion transfer silver halide photographic material containing a novel color developing agent from which a diffusible dye can be formed is provided.

Abstract: A method for forming a color image comprising developing an image-wise exposed silver halide color photographic photosensitive material in the presence of certain 6-aminotetrahydroquinoline color developing compounds or analogues thereof. A rapid process can be attained and an image of a low fog density can be obtained.

Abstract: A homogeneous, single part slurry-form color photographic developer composition for use in color photographic processing is provided which comprises a defined compound of Formula (I) and, a p-phenylenediamine derivative, and contains a discontinuous solid phase distributed in a single liquid phase. The slurry is used by being completely dissolved in water, and diluted to make a working tank developer or developer replenisher solution, typically with a pH of about 10.4 or less for the working tank and 12.0 or less for the replenisher. The slurry is compact, homogeneous, easy to dispense, has excellent water solubility, and remains free of degradation during long-term storage. A process for developing photographic color silver halide photosensitive material with the slurry is also provided, as well as a process for making the slurry.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material having at least one photographic constitutional layer coated on a support, wherein at least one of the photographic constitutional layers contains at least one reducing agent for color formation represented by formula (I), at least one coupler for forming a diffusive dye, and at least one mordant. The material is capable of reducing the amount of developer and to be replenished or discharged after processing, and of reducing the occurrence of stain after development during storage of the material. There is also disclosed an image-forming method using the material. ##STR1## wherein C.alpha. represents a carbon atom; Z represents a carbamoyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, or aryloxycarbonyl group; and Q represents a group of atoms to form, together with C.alpha., an unsaturated ring.

Abstract: A photographic aqueous processing solution containing at least one solid compound that has a maximum solubility therein corresponding to a desired operating level, which solution is kept in equilibrium with the solid form of the compound, thus maintaining its concentration at the desired level without the need for a replenishing system.