Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding film for plasma display which is excellent in electromagnetic shielding characteristics for effectively shielding electromagnetic waves, near infrared rays, stray light, external light, and the like and even when stored under a wet heat condition, is small in change of color tint and good in adhesion, with a blackening layer hardly peeled away, is provided by a transparent electromagnetic shielding film including a transparent support having thereon a conductive metal layer in a pattern-like state having an electromagnetic shielding ability and having a surface covered by a blackening layer, with the blackening layer made of an alloy of nickel and zinc in a nickel/zinc mass ratio of from 0.5 to 50.

Abstract: The invention provides a photothermographic material containing an image forming layer having at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder on at least one side of a support, an outermost layer on the same side of the support as the image forming layer, and a non-photosensitive intermediate layer between the outermost layer and the image forming layer, wherein 50% by weight or more of a binder of the non-photosensitive intermediate layer is formed by a hydrophobic polymer latex, the outermost layer has a mean thickness of from 0.1 ?m to 0.45 ?m, and the non-photosensitive intermediate layer has a variation coefficient of a thickness distribution of 50% or less based on a mean thickness of the non-photosensitive intermediate layer. A photothermographic material, which exhibits reduced image unevenness and excellent image storage stability, is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photothermographic material comprising a support having disposed on a surface thereof, a non-photosensitive silver source, a photosensitive silver halide, and a reducing agent, and having disposed another surface thereof at least one non-photosensitive layer, wherein at least one of the non-photosensitive layers contains at least one type of gelatin having an isoelectric point of from 5.0 to 9.5; and a method for processing the photothermographic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photothermographic material having, on one side of a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, and at least one non-photosensitive layer which is disposed on the same side of the support as the image forming layer and farther from the support than the image forming layer, wherein the non-photosensitive layer includes at least a copolymer latex of an acrylate or methacrylate having a fluorine atom and a monomer component having a hydrophobic group, and the surface of the side having the image forming layer includes convex portions having a height of 1.5 ?m or higher in an amount of from 20 to 2000 per 1 mm2. A photothermographic material which exhibits excellent film physical properties and high image quality is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photothermographic material having, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a first non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent, and a binder, and a non-photosensitive layer including a second non-photosensitive organic silver salt which is different from the first non-photosensitive organic silver salt, wherein particles of the second non-photosensitive organic silver salt have a mean equivalent circular diameter of from 0.03 ?m to 0.5 ?m. A photothermographic material, which exhibits improved color tone of developed silver images, improved resistance to damage from fingerprints, and high resistance to image defects, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a black and white photothermographic material having, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer containing at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent for silver ions, and a binder, as well as an image forming method. The black and white photothermographic material is characterized in that 50% or more of a total projected area of the photosensitive silver halide is occupied by tabular grains having a (111) face as a major face; the tabular grains have at least 2 parallel twin crystal planes in a grain; and a variation coefficient of a distribution of distances between closest twin crystal planes is 20% or less. Also provided is an image forming method that includes image exposure using fluorescent intensifying screens and thermal development.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photothermographic material comprising an image forming layer containing at least a light-sensitive silver halide, a light-insensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder and a non-image forming layer on at least one surface of a support, wherein 50% by weight or more of the binder is a hydrophilic binder, the light-sensitive material further comprising a metal phthalocyanine compound represented by the following formula (PC-1): wherein M represents a metal atom, R1, R4, R5, R8, R9, R12, R13 and R16 respectively represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent where at least one of R1, R4, R5, R8, R9, R12, R13 and R16 is an electron attractive group and R2, R3, R6, R7, R10, R11, R14 and R15 respectively represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photothermographic material having: a support and an image-forming layer including a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducer, and a binder on at least one surface of the support, wherein the photothermographic material further contains a dye having a half breadth of 100 nm or less at a maximum absorbance peak, and 50 mass % or more of a binder in an outermost layer on a dye-containing surface is a polymer latex.

Abstract: The invention provides a photothermographic material containing, on a support, an image forming layer having at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt and a reducing agent, and at least one non-photosensitive layer, in which the non-photosensitive layer contains a crosslinking agent precursor, in which the crosslinking agent precursor is a compound which releases a crosslinking agent which crosslinks a binder of the non-photosensitive layer at the time of thermal development. A photothermographic material in which water resistance and scratch resistance of an image have been improved is provided.

Abstract: A photothermographic material contains a support having thereon an image forming layer containing a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder, and a non-photosensitive outermost layer on a side of the support where the image forming layer is provided, The photosensitive silver halide contains silver iodide in an amount of from 40 to 100% by mole, and a binder contained in the outermost layer contains at least one of a latex polymer and a water soluble polymer that is not derived from an animal protein in an amount of 50% by mass or more.

Abstract: A photothermographic material including, on one side of a support, an image forming layer containing at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder, and, on the other side of the support, a non-photosensitive back side layer. The total quantity of an alkaline earth metal contained in the non-photosensitive back side layer is 1×10?5 mol/m2 to 1×10?3 mol/m2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an imaging element comprising at least one imaging layer and a support wherein the support comprises at least one layer comprising a splayant and a layered material, wherein the layered material has an aspect ratio from 20:1 and 500:1 and wherein the layered material comprises less than 10% by weight of the layer. The present invention also relates to a method of making a dimensionally stable imaging element comprising providing a support wherein said support comprises at least one layer comprising a splayant and a layered material, wherein said layered material comprises an aspect ratio of from 20:1 to 500:1 and wherein said layered material comprises less than 10% by weight of said at least one layer; and applying at least one imaging layer.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion containing water, dispersion medium comprising modified gelatin whose amino group is chemically modified, and silver halide grains comprising spectrally sensitized silver halide grains each having a multilayer adsorption of dye chromophores on the surface thereof. A method of preparing the silver halide emulsion. A silver halide photosensitive material contains the silver halide emulsion in a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer thereof.

Abstract: A silver halide industrial radiographic material comprising on at least one side of a support a hydrophilic gelatinous non-spectrally sensitized radiation-sensitive emulsion layer, having grains, coated in a total amount in the range from 6 to 20 g, expressed as an equivalent amount of silver nitrate per square meter, and at least one non-radiation sensitive protective gelatinous antistress overcoat layer thereupon, wherein a ratio of gelatin to silver, expressed as silver nitrate in the said layer arrangement is at least 0.70, wherein said gelatinous layers are hardened by a gelatin cross-linking agent in an amount in order to have a dissolving time of at least 40 minutes, said time being defined as the period of time from the moment when the silver halide photographic material, dipped into 50 ml of an aqueous solution of 1.5% by weight of sodium hydroxide at 50° C.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aqueous dispersions of silver (carboxylate-azine toner) particles wherein the azine content of the particles is from about 0.01 to 10% by weight relative to silver carboxylate. The carboxylates are typically silver salts of long chain fatty acids and the azine toners are the compounds that function as development accelerators and toning agents such as phthalazine. These silver (carboxylate-azine) particles can be used to formulate imaging forming compositions that are useful in aqueous thermographic or photothermographic imaging elements.

Abstract: A modified gelatin obtained by reacting (A) a gelatin and (B) a compound which contains a nitrogenous aromatic ring having a mercapto group to form covalent bond with a reactive group in the gelatin, an introduction amount of the compound in the gelatin being 1.0×10?6 mol to 2.0×10?3 mol per 100 g of the gelatin.

Abstract: A silver halide industrial radiographic material comprising on at least one side of a support a hydrophilic gelatinous non-spectrally sensitized radiation-sensitive emulsion layer, having grains, coated in a total amount in the range from 6 to 20 g, expressed as an equivalent amount of silver nitrate per square meter, and at least one non-radiation sensitive protective gelatinous antistress overcoat layer thereupon, wherein a ratio of gelatin to silver, expressed as silver nitrate in the said layer arrangement is at least 0.70, wherein said gelatinous layers are hardened by a gelatin cross-linking agent in an amount in order to have a dissolving time of at least 40 minutes, said time being defined as the period of time from the moment when the silver halide photographic material, dipped into 50 ml of an aqueous solution of 1.5% by weight of sodium hydroxide at 50 °C.

Abstract: A photothermographic material comprising, on a support, an image forming layer containing at least a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive organic silver salt, a reducing agent and a binder, and a non-photosensitive outermost layer at a surface side of the support at which the image forming layer is provided, wherein:

Abstract: This invention relates to a photothermographic element comprising a support, at least one photothermographic imaging layer, and at least one filter layer, wherein the filer layer comprises a heat-bleachable composition comprising a benzothiazine arylidiene filter dye, which filter dye is in the presence of an effective amount of a base precursor.

Abstract: Thermally developable compositions such thermographic and photothermographic emulsions include certain heterocyclic disulfide compounds and ascorbic acid or reductone reducing agents. These compositions can be used in thermally developable materials such as thermographic and photothermographic materials to provide increased image density and shortened development time, and to allow development at lower temperatures. Such materials can have imaging layers on one or both sides of the support.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion which comprises silver halide grains dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid mixture comprising from 5% to 25% by weight of dextran, from 20% to 40% by weight of hydrogenated poly-saccharide having an average molecular weight equal to or lower than 10,000, and from 40% to 60% by weight of gelatin. A fore-hardened photographic material comprising such an emulsion and the use of such an emulsion in a photographic material increases the sensitometry and mechanical resistance of such a photographic material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photothermographic material containing a photosensitive silver halide, a non-photosensitive silver salt of an organic acid, a reducing agent for silver ions and a binder on one surface of a support, wherein a ratio of twin crystal grains of the photosensitive silver halide is 1.0% or less with respect to the total grain number of the photosensitive silver halide. This photothermographic material shows high sensitivity, low fog, high Dmax (maximum density) and little increase of fog during storage.

Abstract: A single-side coated light-sensitive silver halide photographic film material has been disclosed, having on one side of a subbed support, one or more light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer(s) overcoated with an outermost protective layer; and, at the other side of said support, a backing layer, covered with a protective outermost layer, characterized in that at least said backing layer is provided with a layer wherein, besides a cross-linked or cross-linkable first binder an organic component free from cross-linking upon reaction with a hardener is present as a second binder having a low molecular weight.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion which comprises silver halide grains dispersed in a hydrophilic colloid mixture comprising from 5% to 25% by weight of dextran, from 20% to 40% by weight of hydrogenated poly-saccharide having an average molecular weight equal to or lower than 10,000, and from 40% to 60% by weight of gelatin. A fore-hardened photographic material comprising such an emulsion and the use of such an emulsion in a photographic material increases the sensitometry and mechanical resistance of such a photographic material.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally sensitive emulsions and imaging materials include two or more hindered phenol silver ion reducing agents in a non-crystalline reducing agent composition. Such compositions can be provided as evaporated dispersions and can be formulated in aqueous coating compositions to provide thermally developable materials such as thermographic and photothermographic materials.

Abstract: A photographic film comprising a base layer and at least one emulsion layer, the emulsion layer having a melting temperature that is within 4 degrees centigrade of the incubation temperature used in an accelerated core-set test.

Abstract: This invention relates to a photothermographic element comprising a support, at least one photothermographic imaging layer, and at least one antihalation layer or a filter layer, wherein the antihalation or filer layer comprises an aqueous heat-bleachable composition comprising a 1-aminopyridinium filter dye having a methine linkage terminated by a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic nucleus of the type contained in cyanine dyes, which filter dye is in the presence of an effective amount of a thermal solvent.

Abstract: A non-photosensitive core-shell silver salt can be used in thermographic and photothermographic imaging compositions and materials. This core-shell silver salt includes one or more silver salts in the core, at least one of which is different from the one or more silver salts used in the shell. The molar ratio of the different silver salts in the core and shell is from about 0.01:1 to about 100:1.

Abstract: A photographic film comprising a base layer and at least one emulsion layer, the emulsion layer having a melting temperature that is within 4 degrees centigrade of the incubation temperature used in an accelerated core-set test.

Abstract: A method of reducing contact size in an integrated circuit includes providing an insulating layer over a semiconductor substrate including a plurality of gate structures, creating an aperture extending through the insulating layer and having side walls, providing a spacer on the side walls of the aperture, and providing a contact in the aperture. The lateral sides of the contact abut the spacer. A contact structure is also disclosed in which a spacer separates a contact from a gate structure to avoid charge gain or loss between the contact and gate structure.

Abstract: A process for forming a silver halide photographic emulsion is disclosed comprising precipitating silver halide grains in an aqueous dispersing medium to which has been added silver and halide salt solutions while agitating the dispersing medium, wherein the precipitation is done in the presence of an antifoamant compound of the formula RO(CH2CH2O)nH wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 25 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and n represents a mean value of from 2 to 4. The antifoamant material may be delivered to the aqueous dispersing medium as a small particle dispersion, made with the same peptizer used for manufacturing the emulsion or another stabilizer. A further embodiment of the invention is directed towards a silver halide photographic material comprising a support upon which is coated at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a silver halide emulsion precipitated in accordance with the described process.

Abstract: A thermographic recording material, thermally developable under substantially water-free conditions, comprising a support and a thermosensitive element, the thermosensitive element being provided with a protective layer and the thermosensitive element containing a substantially light-insensitive silver salt of an organic carboxylic acid, a reducing agent therefor in thermal working relationship therewith and a binder, wherein the protective layer contains at least one proteinaceous binder and non-opacifying inorganic particles with a weight averaged diameter of less than 1&mgr;m in a concentration of between 5 and 70% by weight with respect to the weight of the protective layer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion and at least a nonlight-sensitive layer, wherein said silver halide photographic light-sensitive material contains a compound represented by the following formula (1) and said silver halide photographic light-sensitive material further contains a vinylsulfone group containing hardener. HOCH2(CHOH)mCH2OH  Formula (1) wherein m represents an integer of 0 to 6.

Abstract: A photographic emulsion is disclosed containing for enhanced imaging speed high bromide {111} tabular grain emulsion peptizer with a cationic starch and sensitized with a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer. The photographic emulsion is disclosed for use in black-and-white and color photographic elements.

Abstract: A method for producing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, which comprises a support having thereon a silver halide emulsion layer and optionally another hydrophilic colloid layer. The method comprises the steps of (1) coating a coating solution of the silver halide emulsion layer or that of the hydrophilic colloid layer on the support, and (2) drying the coated layer, and the coating solution of the silver halide emulsion layer or that of the hydrophilic colloid layer comprises gelatin and a sugaralcohol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide photosensitive material comprising a support and a photosensitive layer formed thereon. The photosensitive layer comprises at least a photosensitive silver halide emulsion, a developing agent, a compound which forms a dye by a coupling reaction with an oxidized form of the developing agent, and a binder.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed having at least one emulsion layer comprised of (a) radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, (b) sensitizer for the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, (c) hydrophilic colloid vehicle, including peptizer for the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, and (d) light scattering particles, wherein (a) the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains include tabular grains (1) having an aspect ratio of at least 2.0, (2) having {111} major faces, (3) containing greater than 50 mole percent bromide, based on silver, and (4) accounting for greater than 50 percent total grain projected area, (b) the sensitizer includes a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer, (c) the peptizer is a water dispersible cationic starch, and (d) the light scattering particles have aspect ratios of less than 1.5 and can be dissolved for removal from the emulsion layer. The photographic elements exhibit enhanced imaging speed and can be employed for color or black-and-white photographic imaging.

Abstract: A tabular silica dispersion is disclosed, which is obtained by mixing a tabular silica, gelatin, a cyclodextrin and a compound capable of crosslinking gelatin. Silver halide photographic materials are also disclosed, in which the tabular silica dispersion is incorporated into a silver halide emulsion layer or a light-insensitive hydrophilic colloidal layer.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a polyester film support in which the surface has been subjected to an energetic treatment with nitrogen plasma to produce amine groups on the polyester surface. The treated surface is then coated with a dilute solution of amine reactive hardener and gelatin. After drying the hardener/gelatin coated support a photographic emulsion is coated on the surface. The resulting film element has excellent adhesion of the photographic emulsion after photoprocessing, and it is safer to coat and handle than previously known methods involving grafting of hardener directly to the support.

Abstract: A photographic coating composition comprising an aqueous medium containing a hydrophilic colloid and having dispersed therein solid particles of a yellow filter dye also contains a oxidized developer scavenger of formula III ##STR1## wherein x.sup.1 =hydrogen or a process cleavable group;R.sup.14 =an electron withdrawing and aqueous solubilizing group;R.sup.15 =a substituent group;R.sup.16 =a ballasting group;R.sup.17 =a substituent group;i=1, 2, 3, or 4; andj=1, 2, 3, or 4.The coating composition is stable with regard to crystal growth of the dispersed solid particles of filter dye even when held at coating temperatures (about 45.degree. C.) for several hours.

Abstract: A hydrophilic colloid is hardened with a vinyl-sulfone hardener in the presence of a borate compound in an amount sufficient to accelerate the rate of hardening. The borate compound is preferably a compound of Formula (I), or a salt, hydrate or precursor thereof:B(L).sub.n (I)wherein each L is independently --OH, --OR, --NH, --NR, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group; R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and, n is 1, 2, or 3, with the proviso that at least one L is --OH. Preferred borate compounds are sodium and potassium borate, and hydrates thereof, and phenyl boronic acid.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed comprised of a layer containing radiation-sensitive silver halide grains and a vehicle which can be chill set and is in part derived from gelatin and in part derived from water dispersible starch.

Abstract: A color image forming method is disclosed, comprising developing a silver halide photographic material and bleach and/or fixing the photographic material, wherein the color image is formed in the presence of a dextran. The dextran may be incorporated in the photographic material or a processing solution.

Abstract: Imaging elements, such as photographic, electrostatographic and thermal imaging elements, are comprised of a support, an image-forming layer and an electrically-conductive layer comprising electronically-conductive fine particles, such as antimony-doped tin oxide particles, and gelatin-coated water-insoluble polymer particles. The use of gelatin-coated water-insoluble polymer particles as a binder in the electrically-conductive layer facilitates the preparation of stable coating compositions and provides a layer with a high degree of conductivity at low concentrations of electronically-conductive fine particles and with excellent abrasion resistant properties.

Abstract: This invention describes the composition and method of preparation of heteroflocculated packet emulsion clusters containing a light sensitive and selectively photosensitized silver halide emulsion particles and particles of photographic agents such as dye-forming coupler particles. The silver halide emulsion particles are associated with a layer of adsorbed peptizing gelatin with an isoelectric pH of P.sub.1 and the grafted gelatin of the gelatin-grafted-polymer particles comprising the photographic agent has an isoelectric pH of P.sub.2 such that P.sub.1 is different than P.sub.2. At least one of the peptizing and grafted gelatins is an isoing gelatin which is sufficiently derivatized to remove ionic groups thereof such that approaching the isoelectric pH in an aqueous solution of the isoing gelatin causes massive heteroflocculation.

Abstract: A method for hardening gelatin comprises the step of mixing gelatin with a compound represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 combine with each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; J represents an organic group; 1 represents an integer of 2 to 5; and m represents an integer of 1 to 5.

Abstract: Hydrophilic colloids, such as gelatin, which are employed in the manufacture of photographic elements are commonly treated with a hardening composition, among the most useful of which are hardening compositions containing vinyl sulfone hardening agents such as bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane. In accordance with this invention, citric acid or salts of citric acid are utilized as an effective inhibitor of homopolymerization in such hardening compositions.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon a red-sensitive layer, a green-sensitive layer and a yellow dye-forming blue-sensitive layer, wherein the photographic material satisfies a specified relation, which is concerned with latent image keeping thereof. Further, at least one light-sensitive layer of the photographic material comprises a silver halide emulsion layer containing internally reduction-sensitized silver halide grains.

Abstract: A photographic element and an aqueous coating composition for providing a layer to a photographic element are disclosed. The coating composition comprises gelatin in a concentration greater than about 6% by weight, and a palladium complex having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl, the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or alkaryl optionally being substituted with a hydroxy, sulfonate, amino or ammonium group; and wherein any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, and R.sup.8 can be bonded to form a ring;Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the ageing properties of a silver halide photographic element, free of photolytically generated latent images, comprising a support bearing at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one light-insensitive layer, the silver halide light-sensitive emulsion layer including negative acting surface latent image-type silver halide grain in association with a contrast promoting agent and a hydrazine compound, by adding a total amount of at least 0.40 grams per square meter of dextran to at least said light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and/or to at least said light-insensitive layer.