Abstract: A transportable three-dimensional calibration wind tunnel system is comprised of a small wind tunnel portion for creating a three-dimensional calibration air having a suitable wind velocity, and a two-axis rotational deformation device portion for causing said wind tunnel portion to effect a conical motion with a nozzle blow port being an apex to suitably change a flow angle. The two-axis rotational deformation device is comprised of a .beta.-angle rotational deformation device having a .beta.-angle deformation base supported to be rotated horizontally, and a .alpha.-angle rotational deformation device having a .alpha.-angle deformation base supported to be rotated vertically. A rotational axis of the .alpha.-angle deformation base, a rotational axis of the .beta.-angle deformation base and a center axis of the small wind tunnel portion are arranged so that they intersect at a point.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simulator includes a substantially circular outer frame pivotally mounted on a base; an outer frame-driving tire which is pressed against an outer side of the outer frame by means of a spring disposed on the base and is adapted to drive the outer frame, an inner frase formed in a maneuvering seat and pivotally supported between opposing portions of an inner peripheral wall of the outer frame; and an inner frame-driving tire which is pressed against an inner side of the outer frame by means of a spring disposed within the inner frame and is adapted to drive the inner frame. Also disclosed is an occupant holding apparatus for use in the simulator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a geo-positional treading sphere (10) having a sphere (12) rotatably cradled within a base (14). The base (14) has at least one base pylon (14A) having a base pylon driver to rotate the sphere (12) longitudinally and/or latidudinally in response to an instant position which the user (16) is located within the sphere (12). The base (14) has a plurality of base bearings (14D) attached thereto which function to facilitate the sphere's (12) rotation. The user (16) adorns a user control (18) consisting of a user control backpack (18A) and a user control helmet (18B). The user control backpack (18A) has at least one user control backpack infrared distance sensor to send and receive signals to the inner wall of the sphere (12). The received signals by the at least one user control backpack infrared distance sensor is relayed to the geo-positional treading sphere operating system (110).

Abstract: A 3-D simulator amusement ride dimensioned to fit within existing buildings having 12 to 15 foot high ceilings. The ride includes a motion base formed in a hexagonal pattern with up to six degrees of freedom of movement, a passenger enclosure supported upon the motion base, a 3-D video image system attached to the enclosure and a computerized control system which functions to synchronize the movement of the enclosure to a projected 3-D video.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method for interactively experiencing a recording. At least one seat is provided which moves in a plane simultaneously either through active participation of the viewer through movement of a joystick or passively by a signal recorded on the recording medium. The recording medium includes a motion signal provided to a controller for actuating release and supply of air to pneumatic cylinders moving the at least one seat simultaneously in the same plane in a maximum degree of movement. The recording medium may also include video and/or audio signals for displaying an image on a screen which moves in the same plane as the seat.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device for producing an illusion of weightlessness. An enclosed room having walls, a floor and a ceiling defining an interior is provided. A plurality of visually polarized objects are rigidly secured to the walls, ceiling or floor to indicate an up and down direction. A user is secured into a cushioned user support member mounted in the enclosed room and rotated into the supine posture. The room is then rotated into alignment with the user's body. The room containing a rich variety of visually polarized objects having recognizable tops and bottoms still appears upright when the room and person in the support member are both rotated at an angle of 90.degree. from the upright position. The gravity sense organs in the inner ear (otolith organs) which normally indicate when the head is erect, are not powerful enough in most people to overcome the strong contradictory visual information.

Abstract: A method for immersion of a user into virtual reality consisting in that a closed shell limiting a real closed space is formed and the shell is arranged on a support means with the possibility of rotation about its center. A user who has the possibility for free movement along the inner surface of the shell is placed in the shell. Wherein the shell turns in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the user due to the effect of the moment of force produced when the center of gravity of the user is displaced relative to a vertical passing through the center of the shell. Then a virtual space is formed in which objects appear and move in a predetermined and random manner. This formed virtual space is displayed to the user. Continuous conversion of the virtual space is carried out in accordance with real physical hand, foot and head movements of the user in the real space, taking into account interaction with the objects in virtual space.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a motion simulator having a deck and a number of deck-supporting legs (2) that are pivotally connected with the deck in first pivot points (4). The legs are actively and continuously length-adjustable, such that the deck is capable of describing a motion envelope comprising all desired deck positions, wherein a leg envelope is determined for each leg within which the possible positions of the relevant leg are located, whereafter the common surrounding space of the legs, and in particular the interspace included between the leg envelopes is determined. A shell is then designed that at least carries the deck, which shell defines an inner space extending at least partly within the interspace between the legs (2) defined by the leg envelopes, in such a manner that in each position of the simulator, the legs are clear of the shell (1).

Abstract: Apparatus for simulating the motion of a vehicle includes a base frame, a subframe which is movable in relation to the base frame, the movements of the subframe simulating the real life movements of the vehicle, and first, second, third and fourth linkage members each connected through a universal joint both to the base frame as well as to the subframe. The first and second linkage members are positioned in a first imaginary plane and the third and fourth linkage members are positioned in a second imaginary plane, the first and second imaginary plane intersecting each other at a first intersection line. The first and third linkage members are positioned in a third imaginary plane and the second and fourth linkage members are positioned in a fourth imaginary plane, the second and fourth imaginary plane intersecting each other at a second intersection line. The first and second intersection lines cross each other at right angles.

Abstract: A virtual reality system provides effective exposure treatment for psychiatric patients suffering from a particular anxiety disorder. The system is characterized by a video screen disposed in front of the patient to display an image of a specific graphical environment that is intended to trigger anxiety within the patient as a result of the particular patient phobia. A headset is worn by the patient, and has sensors disposed to detect movement and positioning of the patient's head. A computer program controls the operation of the system, and is designed to control the display of the graphical environment on the video screen, monitor the headset sensors and determine the position of the patient's head, and controllably manipulate the graphical environment displayed on the video screen to reflect the movement and position of the patient's head.

Abstract: A torso trainer has a user platform mounted on a pivoting, rotating shaft. The lower torso of the user is strapped to the platform with the upper torso supported by the user who employs the waistline muscles. As the platform rotates, different muscle groups are worked so that during the course of a complete 360.degree. revolution all the waistline muscles are exercised. The user effort required varies with the degree of tilting of the shaft and platform. At a nearly vertical tilting position user effort is minimal, while, at a horizontal tilting position, user effort is maximum. A user hand control starts platform rotation and overrides the stopping of platform rotation so that there can be multiple rotations.

Abstract: A flight simulator for amusement rides simulating aircraft or space flight with visual presentations and motion having an operator station attached to a structural support frame through an articulating member providing unlimited angular rotation about a roll axis and limited angular rotation about a pitch axis. An electrical coupling concentric with a drive axle is rotatable through at least 360.degree. about the roll axis.

Abstract: A rotating apparatus for simulatively rotating a playing box of a simulation game machine includes: a turn table on which the playing box is mounted, the playing box being provided with a controlling portion having a first signal transmission wire; a driver which rotates the turn table, the driver being provided with a controller having a second signal transmission wire; and a rotary connector provided in a center of the turn table. The rotary connector includes: a first conductive member rotatable with the turn table, and electrically connected with the first signal transmission wire; and a second conductive member being stationary in relative to and electrically connected with the first conductive member, and electrically connected with the second signal transmission wire.

Abstract: A gyroscopic amusement apparatus including a cradle having upright supports and carrying a pair of concentric rings capable of rotation about perpendicular axis. A hydraulic motor is supported on one of the upright supports and drives the outer ring bi-directionally about a horizontal axis. A second hydraulic motor is mounted on the outer ring and drives the inner ring about a vertical axis. A seat is supported within the inner ring to support an operator and a video display unit and control stick are sued by the operator to control rotation of the rings and the image on the video display unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to parallel mechanisms and, to be more specific, mechanical devices consisting of plates connected together by several legs. The 6 degrees of freedom variable leverage motion simulator, shown in FIG. 1, basically an in-parallel actuated robotic platform with three serial subchains, features a novel design that can provide 6 degrees of freedom motion capability. Two simplified versions, shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, can provide selective 3 degrees of freedom motion. The designs also exploit the use of various pickup points which make them very easy to adapt to different actuators and to provide different leverages. Potential energy storage devices can be installed to the pickup points as a safety feature and to reduce the payload of actuators. The preferred embodiments of this invention may be used, among other things, as a motion/force simulator for flight simulation, driving simulation or object interaction and telepresence issues in virtual reality environments.

Abstract: A variable gravity simulator for giving a test subject, such as an astronaut, six degree freedom of movement in a variety of effective gravities by using a nearly uniform gas/liquid mixture as an immersion medium. This technique retains most of the benefits of conventional methods of varying effective gravity through immersion in a liquid yet greatly reduces the most serious drawback by reducing the resistance to all movement due to the immersion liquid's viscosity.

Abstract: A motion-base ride simulator includes a passenger cabin which is carried by a plurality of actuators within a limited operating envelope. During operation of the ride the movements of the passenger cabin simulate G-forces associated with an audio-visual presentation to the passengers within the cabin. The combination of sight, sound, and feeling (i.e., G-forces) provides the passengers of the ride with a sense of riding on a vehicle, such as a racing car or rocket ship. In order to facilitate one or both of passenger ingress and egress of the cabin, the motion base is so associated with a stationary passenger platform that the passenger cabin may be moved to a passenger access position immediately adjacent to but not touching an adjacent edge of this platform. In this passenger access position of the cabin passengers may enter into or leave from the passenger cabin without use of a movable passenger platform.

Abstract: An immersive cyberspace system is presented which provides visual, audible, and vibrational inputs to a subject remaining in neutral immersion, and also provides for subject control input. The immersive cyberspace system includes a relaxation chair and a neutral immersion display hood. The relaxation chair supports a subject positioned thereupon, and places the subject in position which merges a neutral body position, the position a body naturally assumes in zero gravity, with a savasana yoga position. The display hood, which covers the subject's head, is configured to produce light images and sounds. An image projection subsystem provides either external or internal image projection. The display hood includes a projection screen moveably attached to an opaque shroud. A motion base supports the relaxation chair and produces vibrational inputs over a range of about 0-30 Hz. The motion base also produces limited translation and rotational movements of the relaxation chair.

Abstract: A simulative moving apparatus for simulatively moving a playing box of a simulation game machine includes: a supporting frame slidable in a vertical direction and having a connection portion swingably connected to a center portion of a horizontal plane member of the playing box: a plurality of elevating cylinders for moving up and down the playing box, each elevating cylinder having a main body and a piston rod, a free end of the piston rod being swingably connected to an end portion of the horizontal plane member of the playing box: and a cylinder support mechanism including: a first support member having a first pivotal axis perpendicularly intersecting an axis of the elevating cylinder for supporting the elevating cylinder in such a manner that the elevating cylinder is swingable about the first pivotal axis: and a second support member having a second pivotal axis perpendicularly intersecting an axis of the first support member in such a manner that the first support member is swingable about the second p

Abstract: A flight simulator wherein the pitch, roll and yaw axes are separated from the trainee to provide a more realistic simulated flight experience in that the trainee feels a translation as well as a rotation of his body as he performs a simulated climb, turn, or roll.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for training helicopter pilots, more particularly to a system to be used as a highly efficient means for complementing present methods for training pilots. The object of the invention is avoiding the stress to which the trainee is subjected during the first flights and providing understanding of the helicopter behavior easily and without risk. The invention proposes a system basically comprised by a structure and a conventional helicopter permitting simulating stationary or translational actual flight without separating from the ground. The structure comprises a shiftable base having a support for free rotation of a frame from which the helicopter is suspended, so that it may raise and lower within set limits and also that it may be tilted to the sides in a restricted way. This giving the possibility of practicing various maneuvers, also considerably reducing the training cost.

Abstract: A realistic motion ride simulator comprising three stacked tiers pivotally supported by three legs. Each tier can be activated independent of each other while the entire apparatus is moved up and down, tilted laterally, pitched upwardly and downwardly and combinations thereof to simulate the various dynamic forces experienced by riders of a moving vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a game apparatus using a video display device especially a game apparatus that displays an interactive video with a co-driver, particularly a virtual reality video. The game apparatus having a video display device of the present invention comprises, as the basic elements, a plurality of video display devices for displaying a video watched by each of the plurality of players, a plurality of player control units for controlling the video display of the corresponding video display device and an position sensor device for detecting the positions or the movements of the players. Base on the position information of one player detected by the position sensor device, the player control units for the other players control the corresponding video display device to give some change to the displaying video watched by the other players.

Abstract: A spatial disorientation detector system capable of warning a pilot of potentially disorienting flight conditions in response to Kalman filter modeling of human response characteristics. The Kalman filter models are representative of human semicircular canal and otolith responses and are capable of more accurate prediction of actual pilot disorientation conditions than are systems which respond with simple magnitude measurement of disorientation stress. Examples of disorienting environments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A control mechanism for a simulator or stabilized platform comprising constant force spring device for supporting the weight of the platform and a plurality of impulsive force generating devices preferably in the form of electromagnetic linear rams although a rotary linkage driven by an electric motor would also work. The mechanism provides an agile arrangement at relatively low cost.

Abstract: A vertical free fall system is proposed where a capsule with human beings is raised pneumatically in a tube, then is released to fall down in a free fall mode inside of the tube. The capsule has some means of controlling the air flow passing across the capsule so that the rate of deceleration is controlled. In this way the capsule is able to free fall then to be decelerated to the bottom of the tube. Also the tube has means to control the flowing air by this being possible to control the deceleration of the said capsule.

Abstract: A motion platform system for tilting and moving an audience of seated people as they view scenes projected on a screen includes four hydraulic cylinders arranged not only to pitch, roll, and heave (vertically translate) the audience, but also to provide longitudinal acceleration and deceleration forces.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method for interactively experiencing a recording. At least one seat is provided which moves in a plane simultaneously either through active participation of the viewer through movement of a joystick or passively by a signal recorded on the recording medium. The recording medium includes a motion signal provided to a controller for actuating release and supply of air to pneumatic cylinders moving the at least one seat simultaneously in the same plane in a maximum degree of movement. The recording medium may also include video and/or audio signals for displaying an image on a screen which moves in the same plane as the seat.

Abstract: A motion base for an apparatus for subjecting a user to sensory experience is provided. The motion base has a motion generator for moving a platform about at least one axis of rotation. The platform supports the user such that the user's center of gravity is substantially coincident with the center of rotation of the platform. The active elements of the motion generator are separate from the elements that support the weight of the apparatus and the user.

Abstract: A toy motion simulating apparatus for imparting motion to an operator controlled by a hydraulic control valve to proportionally direct hydraulic fluid from pitch, roll, and yaw fluid nozzles to respective pitch, roll, and yaw receiving chambers which are pivotably disposed with respect to the nozzles. A pitch and roll nozzle to proportionally direct hydraulic fluid to respective nose up and nose down pitch receiving chambers and clockwise and counter-clockwise roll receiving chambers and a yaw nozzle to proportionally direct hydraulic fluid to right and left yaw receiving chambers. The valve has a drain means for directing hydraulic fluid that doesn't flow into the receiving chambers out of the hydraulic control valve.

Abstract: A ride motion simulator comprising a first lower tier carried on at least three retractable and extensible legs secured to a base platform, the lower tier having support arms at edges thereof extending upwardly and outwardly a length approximately equal to the length which said legs may be extended. The upper ends of the arms are pivotally attached to upper ends of the legs. A middle tier is carried on the first tier and mounted thereto in a manner to allow forward and backward longitudinal motion of said second tier with respect to the first tier by a ram mounted at the rear of the first tier, and pivotally connected to the second tier. The second tier includes a plurality of seat supports. The seat supports have a rail running laterally on the tops. The tops also having an actuator mounted thereon with extensible and retractable rams secured to the seats mounted on the base and capable of moving the seats left and right laterally.

Abstract: An actuator assembly comprising a pair of interconnected extensible actuators defining two sides of a triangle structure, and a linkage constrained to move with the actuators such that differences in extension of the actuators cause a change in position of the linkage. Changes in position of the linkage are detected to enable relative actuator extensions to be monitored.

Abstract: A motion platform that is displaceable along three axes includes first, second and third carriage assemblies. There is an apparatus connected to each of said carriage assemblies for linearly displacing each of the carriages along a single planar axis. Therefore, the first carriage assembly is linearly displaceable along a first plane, the second carriage assembly is linearly displaceable along a second plane that intersects the first plane, and the third carriage assembly is linearly displaceable along a third plane that intersects at least one of the first and second planes. Each of the carriage assemblies is comprised of a circumferential array of frame members that define a substantially planar parallelogram configuration having a substantially open central portion, with the carriage assemblies being arranged in a nested array.

Abstract: A simulator device provides a full 360 degree axial roll to a passenger capsule. This device also provides 70 degrees of pitch to the capsule. The 70 degrees of total range of pitch motion provided by the simulator device creates additional desirable and exciting sensations. For example, if the passenger is quickly rotated from a full pitched back position to a full pitch forward position, the feeling of flying or dropping straight down is simulated. The simulator device provides the passenger with 0.5 Gs pitch forward, 0.25 Gs pitch backward, 0.25 Gs rotational acceleration, and 2.25 Gs vertical acceleration. These forces simulate the motion sensations of high speed looping roller coasters, bobsled rides, water rides, flying rides, and driving rides. The simulator device provides sufficient vertical motion to create more than 1/2 second of weightlessness. In this manner, the passenger experiences free falls off cliffs, vertical drops down the side of skyscrapers or plunges over Niagara Falls.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method for interactively experiencing a recording. At least one seat is provided which moves in a plane simultaneously either through active participation of the viewer through movement of a joystick or passively by a signal recorded on the recording medium. The recording medium includes a motion signal provided to a controller for actuating release and supply of air to pneumatic cylinders moving the at least one seat simultaneously in the same plane in a maximum degree of movement. The recording medium may also include video and/or audio signals for displaying an image on a screen which moves in the same plane as the seat.

Abstract: A motion simulating device which is capable of creating motion with up to six degrees of freedom; three rotational degrees of freedom and three linear-translational degrees of freedom. The motion simulating device includes a generally spherical capsule abuttively supported on a plurality of rollers that are connected to a translatable frame. At least one of the rollers is a multi-directional active roller that frictionally engages the capsule to impart rotational motion to the capsule in any direction. The frame is optionally attached to a number of actuator legs which are capable of translating the frame along three orthogonal axes. Optimally, sights, sounds and physical sensations may be electronically coordinated and reproduced in the capsule so that a user may interactively control and respond to a variety of environments while simultaneously experiencing the corresponding motion and physical sensations associated with the interactive environment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a simulator includes a substantially circular outer frame pivotally mounted on a base; an outer frame-driving tire which is pressed against an outer side of the outer frame by means of a spring disposed on the base and is adapted to drive the outer frame; an inner frame formed in a maneuvering seat and pivotally supported between opposing portions of an inner peripheral wall of the outer frame; and an inner frame-driving tire which is pressed against an inner side of the outer frame by means of a spring disposed within the inner frame and is adapted to drive the inner frame. Also disclosed is an occupant holding apparatus for use in the simulator.

Abstract: An amusement machine including a display for displaying a picture, motion providing elements for providing a user with motion, a recording medium on which a video signal representing the picture to be displayed on the display and a control signal for controlling the motion providing elements are recorded, and a controller for reproducing the recording medium to control the display and the motion providing elements. The display and the motion providing elements are installed into an amusement unit while the controller for controlling these units is installed in a control center which is located separately from the amusement unit.

Abstract: A flight simulator for amusement rides simulating aircraft or space flight with visual presentations and motion having an operator station attached to a structural support frame through an articulating member providing unlimited angular rotation about a roll axis and limited angular rotation about a pitch axis.

Abstract: A multi-axis swing is provided, which consists of a seat that is sat upon by a person. A structure is for suspending the seat from above, so that the person may swing back and forth in an arc. A first mechanism operable by the person in the seat is for performing backward and forward somersault rolls. A pair second mechanism operable by the person in the seat is for performing left and right barrel rolls.

Abstract: A vehicle simulator is disclosed in which a first motion platform is driven in translation and rotation from a datum position. A simulator user station is positioned on the first motion platform, the user station defining a predetermined eyepoint position and a predetermined field of view from the eyepoint position relative to the user station. A display surface is mounted on a second motion platform so as to lie within the field of view, and the second motion platform is driven to maintain a predetermined positional relationship between the eyepoint position and the display surface. An image is projected to be viewed from the eyepoint position via the display surface.

Abstract: A simulator device provides a full 360 degree axial roll to a passenger capsule. This device also provides 70 degrees of pitch to the capsule. The 70 degrees of total range of pitch motion provided by the simulator device creates additional desirable and exciting sensations. For example, if the passenger is quickly rotated from a full pitched back position to a full pitch forward position, the feeling of flying or dropping straight down is simulated. The simulator device provides the passenger with 0.5 Gs pitch forward, 0.25 Gs pitch backward, 0.25 Gs rotational acceleration, and 2.25 Gs vertical acceleration. These forces simulate the motion sensations of high speed looping roller coasters, bobsled rides, water rides, flying rides, and driving rides. The simulator device provides sufficient vertical motion to create more than 1/2 second of weightlessness. In this manner, the passenger experiences free falls off cliffs, vertical drops down the side of skyscrapers or plunges over Niagara Falls.

Abstract: A motion simulator comprising a base support connected to a motion platform by hinged legs. The motion simulator is provided with an actuator for moving the motion platform relative to the base support. Preferably, each leg is defined by a lower leg portion and an upper leg portion with a separate actuator connecting the leg portions for providing actuating legs that also stabilize movement of the motion platform.

Abstract: In an apparatus having a video display and display-synchronizing motion mechanism, various images can be easily selected and displayed, and a seat or the like is moved in synchronism with motions in the images, so that a person can enjoy the images as if real. An information select unit specifies a desired one of a plurality of video/motion information pieces recorded on a storage medium, and an information read unit reads the specified video/movement information. Images formed by video information contained in the readout video/motion information are displayed on a display device, and the seat or the like is moved in synchronism with the images on the basis of motion information contained therein. A monitor unit monitors the readout video/motion information, and stops a read operation of the information read unit when the apparatus malfunctions.

Abstract: A process for controlling a gimballed motion base system substantially duplicating operator perceptions in a simulated vehicle. Such vehicles may include but not be limited to, aircraft, automobiles, boats, roller coasters, bob sleds, and futuristic space vehicles. The process includes: a subprocess accounting for an effect of yaw on a motion base arm, a full-G bias function and a limited-G bias function, a low-G bias function, improved computation of pitch and roll gimbal commands to negate artifacts, a negative-G process, allowing various yaw gimbal positions, allowing various cockpit orientations, and a yaw gimbal control process.A perceptual model based on empirically observed human response data predicts perceived pitch, roll, and yaw, and accounts for the fact that a Gy component of linear acceleration affects both roll and yaw perception.

Abstract: A facility for conditioning people for transition between different gravitational environments. The facility comprises a static cylindrical vessel and a revolving cylindrical habitat within the vessel. Within the revolving habitat are supported a number of habitation levels formed or derived from concave-up circular paraboloids, each shaped and sized so as to produce local net acceleration vectors orthogonal to its upper surface. On any one such surface, the local net acceleration magnitudes within a certain band of radii from the axis of revolution of the habitat will approximate that of the native acceleration present in a particular environment, such as Mars or the Earth. Living areas may be constructed on these surfaces, particularly within the target zones. Access to the habitation levels is provided by a central elevator shaft and system. The habitat is supported hydraulically and caused to revolve by hydromechanical swirling applied at its bottom surface.

Abstract: A method, and apparatus, for rotating immobilized subhuman primate animal test subjects about one or more axes according to a preselected sequence to simulate weightlessness and to minimize trauma during simulated zero or micro-gravity studies is disclosed. The method includes intermittent rotation of the test subject ninety degrees every thirty minutes about an axis parallel to both the spine of the test animal and to the ground, and intermittent rotation of the test subject forty-five degrees every three to five minutes about each of two axes. The method is performed using a timed roto-positioning apparatus having a frame, a subframe rotatably attached to the frame, and a carrier for a primate restraint system rotatably attached to the subframe. Two motors, controlled by a programmable controller, individually rotate the subframe and the carrier according to a preselected sequence.

Abstract: An onboard instructor station for a training device provides a human/computer interface that is designed to support an optimum instructor's scan pattern of the training scenario. All displays and switches required to control and monitor the mission are resident at the instructor's work surface directly in front of, and tangent to the instructor's seated position. This design allows for a dedicated over-the-shoulder observation position. Therefore, the instructor may simultaneously observe trainees' actions, a visual scene and device instrumentation while controlling and monitoring the training environment through embedded situational awareness displays and corresponding switches at the work surface. The unique aspect of this design is the one position from which all tasks can be accomplished through the support provided by the packaging. This packaging employs flat panel displays which replace the traditional, larger CRT units.

Abstract: A simulator dome for a motion base simulator comprises one or more fiber reinforced outer layers, inner layers of a similar material and an intermediate core. The intermediate core is preferably a structural foam of variable density to allow selectively lowering the dome center of gravity to enhance the simulation capabilities of the motion system to simulate various flight maneuvers. By producing the dome from fiber reinforced polymer and using a core of variable density, a dome of unitary construction with no through fasteners is produced, having high strength for withstanding high G maneuvers without cracking or distortion, enhancing simulator effectiveness and increasing the accuracy of the simulated flight conditions.

Abstract: A process for controlling a gimballed motion base system substantially duplicating pilot perceptions in a simulated aircraft. The process includes: a subprocess accounting for an effect of yaw on a motion base arm, a full-G bias function and a limited-G bias function, a low-G bias function, improved computation of pitch and roll gimbal commands to negate artifacts, a negative-G algorithm, allowing various yaw gimbal positions, allowing various cockpit orientations, and a yaw gimbal control process.A perceptual model based on emperically observed human response data predicts perceived pitch, roll, and yaw, and accounts for the fact that a Gy component of linear acceleration affects both roll and yaw perception.