Abstract: A process for the production of glucose from a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock is provided. The method comprises enzymatically hydrolyzing the pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock with cellulase enzymes to produce a hydrolyzate slurry comprising glucose and unhydrolyzed cellulose and fermenting the hydrolyzate slurry in a fermentation reaction to produce a fermentation broth comprising alcohol. A process stream is obtained comprising unhydrolyzed cellulose, which is then subjected to a denaturing step, preferably comprising exposing the unhydrolyzed cellulose to elevated temperatures, thereby producing a heat-treated stream comprising the unhydrolyzed cellulose. The heat-treated stream comprising unhydrolyzed cellulose is then further hydrolyzed with cellulase enzymes to hydrolyze the cellulose to glucose.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for the production of alcohol, known as second generation production, from a lignocellulosic substrate, in which a controlled quantity of furfural is produced in situ and which comprises at least the following steps: a first step for alkaline chemical pre-treatment of the substrate; a step for adjusting the pH of the substrate; then a step for enzymatic hydrolysis of said pre-treated substrate; a step for alcoholic fermentation of the hydrolysate obtained with an alcohol-producing microorganism; a step for separation/purification; and a step for acid conversion of at least one liquid fraction into furfural, said liquid fraction being obtained during one of the preceding steps; a step for mixing said furfural obtained with the pre-treated substrate during the pH adjusting step.

Abstract: The present invention provides fungal xylanase and/or beta-xylosidase enzymes suitable for use in saccharification reactions. The present application further provides genetically modified fungal organisms that produce xylanase and/or beta-xylosidases, as well as enzyme mixtures exhibiting enhanced hydrolysis of cellulosic material to fermentable sugars, enzyme mixtures produced by the genetically modified fungal organisms, and methods for producing fermentable sugars from cellulose using such enzyme mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transformant which is transformed to express Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO), a method for producing C5-C14 medium-chain ?-hydroxy fatty acids, ?,?-dicarboxylic acids, ?-amino fatty acids, or alcohols from C16-C20 long-chain fatty acids by biotransformation using the transformant, a method for producing a fatty acid derivative having an ester group which is introduced into the chain thereof from keto fatty acid using the BVMO, and novel ?-hydroxy fatty acids which are prepared by the method. Degradation products such as C5 to C14 ?-hydroxy fatty acids, ?,?-dicarboxylic acids, ?-amino fatty acids, alcohols can be produced in a large amount from C16 to C20 long-chain fatty acids contained in a medium by biotransformation using a transformant capable of expressing BVMO of the present invention. Therefore, it can be widely used to produce ?-hydroxy fatty acids, ?,?-dicarboxylic acids, ?-amino fatty acids or alcohols in a more safe and economic manner.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acids sequences derived from Valeriana officinalis and/or Persicaria hydropiper and encoding drimenol synthase polypeptides. The present invention also provides the amino acid sequences of the polypeptides. The invention further provides host cells or organisms genetically modified to harbour the polynucleotides of the invention. A method to produce drimenol and/or a drimenol derivative by contacting farnesyl diphosphate with a polypeptide having a drimenol synthase activity is also part of this invention.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing a fatty acid ester in a high yield through a simple operation using Euglena as a material. The method of producing a fatty acid ester comprises the following steps (a) and (b): (a) adding 0.001 to 9.5 [PU/g-dry cell] of at least one kind of protease to Euglena to react the Euglena and the protease in an aqueous phase; and (b) performing phase separation and collection of a fatty acid ester from a reaction liquid of the step (a).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cell capable of efficiently producing scyllo-inositol from myo-inositol and a simple method of manufacturing scyllo-inositol using the cell. The above-mentioned object is achieved by a Bacillus subtilis cell, in which a function of a protein having a scyllo-inositol dehydrogenase activity is lost, and the manufacture of scyllo-inositol using the cell, based on a novel finding that the protein having a scyllo-inositol dehydrogenase activity and a protein having a 2-keto-myo-inositol ketoreductase function are present in Bacillus subtilis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a mutant E. coli strain, capable of simultaneously using glucose and xylose, by genetic engineering and evolutionary adaptation; the mutant E. coli prepared using the same; and a method for producing biofuels, biologically active ingredients, medicinal materials or base chemicals for the chemical industry using the mutant E. coli. Being capable of simultaneously using glucose and xylose, in contrast to wild-type E. coli, the mutant E. coli can be effectively applied to the enzymatic saccharification process of producing biofuels from a biomass.

Abstract: A method of sterilizing a separation membrane module using water vapor includes: a liquid supplying step of supplying a liquid having a boiling point of 80° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure to a secondary side of the separation membrane module such that a filling ratio of the liquid in a space surrounded by a filtration portion of a separation membrane is 70% or more, the filtration portion being used for filtration; a liquid sealing step of isolating the secondary side of the separation membrane module such that the filling ratio of the liquid supplied to the secondary side in the liquid supplying step is 70% or more; and a sterilization step of sterilizing the separation membrane module by supplying water vapor to a primary side of the separation membrane module while the secondary side of the separation membrane module is isolated.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides engineered ketoreductase enzymes having improved properties as compared to a naturally occurring wild-type ketoreductase enzyme including the capability of reducing 5-((4S)-2-oxo-4-phenyl(1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl))-1-(4-fluorophenyl)pentane-1,5-dione to (4S)-3-[(5S)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxypentanoyl]-4-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one. Also provided are polynucleotides encoding the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, host cells capable of expressing the engineered ketoreductase enzymes, and methods of using the engineered ketoreductase enzymes to synthesize the intermediate (4S)-3-[(5S)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxypentanoyl]-4-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in a process for making Ezetimibe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding an enzyme having carboxyl esterase [E.C. 2.1.1.1] activity.

Abstract: A biomass processing system includes: a hydrolysis processing unit that decomposes, under a high-temperature/high-pressure condition, biomass feedstock in a processing tank having a gas-liquid interface, and removes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component; a biomass solid content discharge unit that discharges a biomass solid content 20 which is a hot water insoluble element; a slurrying vessel that subjects the discharged biomass solid content to slurrying; and a hot water discharge liquid introducing line L2 that introduces, into the slurrying vessel 21, a hot water discharge liquid 16 including a biomass hot-water soluble element.

Abstract: Provided herein are diterpene synthases (diTPS) and methods for producing diterpenoids. Also provided herein are nucleic acid sequences encoding diTPS, diTPS amino acid sequences, diTPS proteins, vectors, cells, transgenic organisms, uses, compositions, methods, processes, and kits thereof.

Abstract: A fungal ?-amylase is provided from Aspergillus clavatus (AcAmyl). AcAmyl has an optimal pH of 4.5 and is operable at 30-75° C., allowing the enzyme to be used in combination with a glucoamylase in a saccharification reaction. This obviates the necessity of running a saccharification reaction as a batch process, where the pH and temperature must be readjusted for optimal use of the ?-amylase or glucoamylase. AcAmyl also catalyzes the saccharification of starch substrates to an oligosaccharide composition significantly enriched in DP2 and (DP1+DP2) compared to the products of saccharification catalyzed by an ?-amylase from Aspergillus kawachii. This facilitates the utilization of the oligosaccharide composition by a fermenting organism in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process, for example.

Abstract: A method for using a thermostable phytase for eliminating or reducing phytic acid or salts of phytic acid in an alcohol production process is disclosed. The phytase can be added anywhere in the alcohol production process including a feedstock, a hammer mill, a slurry tank, a jet cooker, a liquefaction, a mash cooker, a fermentation, a beer, a distillation system, a whole stillage, a centrifuge, a thin stillage, an evaporator, a condensate, a syrup, a wet grain, a drum dryer, a distillers dried grain, distillers solubles, distillers wet grain, condensed distillers solubles distillers dried grains with solubles a molecular sieves, or any combination thereof. The alcohol production process can be in an ethanol production plant; a spirit or a drinkable alcohol production plant; or a fuel ethanol plant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel mutants with cyclase activity and use thereof in a method for biocatalytic cyclization of terpenes, such as in particular for the production of isopulegol by cyclization of citronellal; a method for the preparation of menthol and methods for the biocatalytic conversion of further compounds with structural motifs similar to terpene.

Abstract: A process for the enantioselective enzymatic reduction of a keto compound of general formula I wherein R may represent any protective group for amino functions (tert. butyloxycarbonyl group (BOC), benzyloxycarbonyl group, 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group) and X?—Cl, —CN, —OH, Br, F.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for degrading or converting a cellulosic material using an enzyme composition in the presence of a reducing agent. The present invention also provides methods for producing a fermentation product and methods of fermenting a cellulosic material using an enzyme composition in the presence of a reducing agent.

Abstract: Functionalized substrate materials, for example inorganic particles and/or synthetic polymeric particles, are used to enhance bioprocesses such as saccharification and fermentation.

Abstract: Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce a product or intermediate, e.g., energy, a food, a fuel, or a material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to GH61 polypeptide variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated polypeptide having esterase activity comprising an amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO's 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 14 or a homologue thereof, comprising an amino acid substitution or deletion of one or more amino acids as shown in said SEQ ID NO's and resulting in a mutant polypeptide having an increased concentration of the fraction of the mutant polypeptide being present as an active and soluble protein in cleared lysate of the mutant polypeptide expressed in E. coli relative to the concentration of the fraction of the polypeptide without the mutation being present as an active and soluble protein in cleared lysate of the polypeptide without the one or more deletion or substitution expressed in E. coli under the same conditions. The invention also relates to nucleic acid encoding the polypeptides according to the invention, and the use of the polypeptides.

Abstract: A method is provided for the production of alcohol from trees, the method comprising a step of treating a subject tree with mother cell lyases formed through cytolysis associated with sporulation of spore-forming aerobic bacteria, thereby degrading said tree into a powdery state and obtaining a tree degradation product; a step of sterilizing said tree degradation product; a step of treating said sterilized tree degradation product with a koji fungus (Aspergillus oryzae) thereby carrying out a primary fermentation; a step of adding a yeast to the fermentation broth obtained by said primary fermentation thereby carrying out a secondary fermentation; and a step of filtering the fermentation broth obtained by said secondary fermentation, wherein said mother cell lyases are obtained by culturing said spore-forming aerobic bacteria, subjecting the resultant culture medium to a starvation state, thereby converting said bacteria into endospores, and removing impurities including said endosporic bacteria from said cul

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-cellulase enzyme composition for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass said composition comprising a cellobiohydrolase (CBH) enzyme, an endoglucanase (EG) enzyme and a ?-glucosidase (BG) enzyme.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of producing a scyllo-inositol or a new scyllo-inositol derivative in a one-step process, from ubiquitous and inexpensive raw materials. Also provided is a scyllo-inositol derivative bonded to saccharides such as glucose and similar.

Abstract: The present invention provides endoglucanase 1b (EG1b) variants suitable for use in saccharification reactions. The present application further provides genetically modified fungal organisms that produce EG1b variants, as well as enzyme mixtures exhibiting enhanced hydrolysis of cellulosic material to fermentable sugars, enzyme mixtures produced by the genetically modified fungal organisms, and methods for producing fermentable sugars from cellulose using such enzyme mixtures.

Abstract: Glucosyl stevia compositions are prepared from steviol glycosides of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. The glucosylation was performed by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase using starch as the source of glucose residues. The short-chain glucosyl stevia compositions were purified to >95% content of total steviol glycosides. The compositions can be used as sweetness enhancers, flavor enhancers and sweeteners in foods, beverages, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A process for increasing alcohol yield from biomass (the form or agro- or forest residue, grains, hops, etc.), involving multiple hydrodynamic cavitation treatments of biomass filtrate—both before and after fermentation. Carbohydrates extracted from biomass are subjected to a first cavitation treatment to promote additional conversion into carbohydrates. The carbohydrates are then combined with bacterial species and nutrients, and allowed to ferment. The fermentation product is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to promote further conversion of carbohydrates into bioalcohol. After distillation, the bioalcohol is subjected to a second hydrodynamic cavitation treatment to increase its purity.

Abstract: A non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes a microbial organism having a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol pathway that includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol. A method for producing 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol includes culturing a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol pathway. The pathway includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods for recovery of C3-C6 alcohols from dilute aqueous solutions, such as fermentation broths. Such methods provide improved volumetric productivity for the fermentation and allow recovery of the alcohol. Such methods also allow for reduced energy use in the production and drying of spent fermentation broth due to increased effective concentration of the alcohol product by the simultaneous fermentation and recovery process which increases the quantity of alcohol produced and recovered per quantity of fermentation broth dried. Thus, the invention allows for production and recovery of C3-C6 alcohols at low capital and reduced operating costs.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Abstract: Provided are labdenediol diphosphate synthase polypeptides, sclareol synthase polypeptides, nucleic acid molecules encoding the labdenediol diphosphate synthase polypeptides and sclareol synthase polypeptides, and methods of using the labdenediol diphosphate synthase polypeptides, sclareol synthase polypeptides. Also provided are methods for producing labdenediol diphosphate, sclareol and (?)-ambroxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel bacteria and the uses thereof. The invention particularly relates to bacteria having a metabolic pathway ratio between Pentose phosphate and glycolysis greater than 0.5, and their uses in the chemical, pharmaceutical or agro-chemical industries, e.g., for producing compounds of industrial interest.

Abstract: Alcohols useful as fuel compositions are produced from biomass by: contacting the biomass with a cooking liquor containing 1 to 20 wt %, based on the cooking liquor, of sodium hydroxide, and under conditions effective to provide a pulp stream containing pulp having a lignin content of 5% to 20% by weight, based on the pulp washing the pulp stream; hydrolyzing the washed pulp stream with an enzyme solution; fermenting the hydrolyzate in the presence of a microorganism, one alcohol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided herein are diterpene synthases (diTPS) and methods for producing diterpenoids. Also provided herein are nucleic acid sequences encoding diTPS, diTPS amino acid sequences, diTPS proteins, vectors, cells, transgenic organisms, uses, compositions, methods, processes, and kits thereof.

Abstract: (3S,5R)-3,8-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-octahydroazulen-1-ols, their use as flavor or fragrance ingredient, and a process of their production by oxidation in the presence of laccase.

Abstract: Provided are isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. Also provided are nucleic acid constructs, vectors and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: This invention relates to phytases, polynucleotides encoding them, uses of the polynucleotides and polypeptides of the invention, as well as the production and isolation of such polynucleotides and polypeptides. In particular, the invention provides polypeptides having phytase activity under high temperature conditions, and phytases that retain activity after exposure to high temperatures. The phytases of the invention can be thermotolerant and/or thermostable at low temperatures, in addition to higher temperatures. The phytases of the invention can be used in foodstuffs to improve the feeding value of phytate rich ingredients. The phytases of the invention can be formulated as foods or feeds or supplements for either to, e.g., aid in the digestion of phytate. The foods or feeds of the invention can be in the form of pellets, liquids, powders and the like.

Abstract: A thermostable glycosidase enzymes derived from various Thermococcus, Staphylothermus and Pyrococcus organisms is disclosed. The enzymes are produced from native or recombinant host cells and can be utilized in the food processing industry, pharmaceutical industry and in the textile industry, detergent industry and in the baking industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having endoglucanase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods for producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a novel NAD+-independent myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase which converts myo-inositol into scyllo-inosose in the absence of NAD+; a novel enzyme scyllo-inositol dehydrogenase which stereospecifically reduces scyllo-inosose into scyllo-inositol in the presence of NADH or NADPH; and a novel microorganism which belongs to the genus Acetobacter or Burkholderia and can convert myo-inositol into scyllo-inositol. By using these enzymes or the microorganism, scyllo-inositol is produced. Furthermore, scyllo-inositol is purified by adding boric acid and a metal salt to a liquid mixture containing scyllo-inositol and a neutral saccharide other than scyllo-inositol to form a scyllo-inositol/boric acid complex, separating the complex from the liquid mixture, dissolving the thus separated complex in an acid to give an acidic solution or an acidic suspension and then purifying scyllo-inositol from the acidic solution or the acidic suspension.

Abstract: Methods of producing clean (e.g., low sulfur and metal ion content, and free of fermentation inhibitors) sugar and lignin-rich streams, and downstream conversion products, from lignocellulosic biomass, may include obtaining non-chemically pretreated, milled lignocellulosic biomass, reacting the milled lignocellulosic biomass with an enzymatic agent to produce a slurry that includes converted monomeric lignocellulosic sugars and lignin-rich residuals, and separating the slurry into a sugar stream that includes the converted monomeric lignocellulosic sugars and a lignin-rich stream that includes the lignin-rich residuals. The sugar stream, not including water, includes at least 75% monomeric lignocellulosic sugar, less than 0.20% sulfur, and less than 3.0% metal ion content, and the lignin-rich stream includes at least 35% lignin and less than 0.50% sulfur.

Abstract: A process provides high ethanol productivity levels during fermentation of a CO-containing substrate. The process controls CO-substrate feed rates and cell density to avoid culture upset and CO inhibition. The process includes fermenting a CO-containing gaseous substrate to obtain a target cell density and a target CO feed rate, and then periodically reducing and increasing the CO feed rate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to recombinant filamentous fungal host cells producing cellulolytic enzyme compositions and methods of producing and using the compositions.

Abstract: The control of the microbial contamination during the sugar fermentation in the processes for obtaining alcohol is a very important action to increase the productivity of the alcoholic fermentation processes. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells engage a very tough nutritional competition for the sugarcane juice with the bacteria (Lactobacillus sp and Acetobacter) and the wild yeasts. The proposed composition uses an antimicrobial agent of the guanidine family, such as for example, poly(hexamethyl biguanide), an antibiotic agent, and also a surfactant agent, to prevent the undesired microbial growth. The present invention further refers to the process for controlling the microbial contamination through the use of said agents.

Abstract: An enzymatic process is described for the production of chemicals from carbon sources. In particular, according to one aspect, a process for the production of a target organic compound from a carbon source by a cell-free enzyme system is disclosed.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful intermediates and products, such as energy, fuels, foods or materials. For example, methods are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce an intermediate or product, e.g., by fermentation.

Abstract: A process for producing a cross-linked crystallized protein complex, which comprises: a first step of concentrating a crude protein derived from an animal or plant; a second step of encapsulating the protein in a gel, to thereby allow the protein to undergo air oxidation, and then extracting a protein complex from the gel; a third step of allowing the extracted protein complex to undergo crystallization and precipitation; and a fourth step of cross-linking the precipitated protein complex. Alternatively, by use of a fifth step of drying (FD) the obtained crosslinked crystallized protein complex, to thereby form a powder. As a result, there is provided an enzyme which is stable at room temperature storage, and has an activity in catalyzing an asymmetric oxidation reaction. That is, there is provided a useful material which enables an efficient enzyme-mimetic reaction under a mild condition.

Abstract: Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.