Abstract: An ?-amylase from Bacillus subtilis (AmyE) produces significant amounts of glucose from various carbohydrate substrates, including vegetable starch, maltoheptaose, and maltotriose. Among other things, this advantageous property allows AmyE or variants thereof to be used in a saccharification reaction having a reduced or eliminated requirement for glucoamylase. The reduction or elimination of the glucoamylase requirement significantly improves the efficiency of the production of ethanol or high fructose corn syrup, for example.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase (AmyE) or its variants thereof. AmyE or its variants thereof may be used to more efficiently produce fermentable sugars from starch. Also disclosed are a composition comprising a glucoamylase and AmyE or variant thereof and a method of processing starch utilizing the described enzyme composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the isolation of an amphipathic, hydrophobic or hydrophilic compound from a medium that is either hydrophilic or hydrophobic, respectively, said methods comprising allowing the formation and/or accumulation of foam comprising said compound at the medium-gas interface, applying said foam directly onto an adsorbent which effects collapse of said foam, and isolating said adsorbed compound by desorption.

Abstract: Dandelion processes, compositions and products are provided. One process is a method of preparing dandelion that utilizes a species of a Taraxacum genus, the process including the steps of extracting and recovering a rubber and a carbohydrate from a dandelion root substantially simultaneously. The process employs a dandelion species that is selected from the group consisting of: Taraxacum officianale, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, a rubber-bearing species of the genus Taraxacum, and a combination of two or more thereof. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: The invention relates to applications of the cellulase Cel5H of Saccharophagus degradans and its homologues, functional fragments and/or variants and engineered forms thereof, in the context of recombinant, more particularly solventogenic microorganisms, more particularly C. acetobutylicum. The invention also characterizes a novel domain of the Cel5H cellulase with a putative cellulose-binding module function, and its uses in chimeric proteins for depolymerization of cellulose containing substrates.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining phytoextracts from vegetation waters and pomaces coming from olive milling. Such methods may be based on combining physical-chemical and enzymatic pre-treatment methods, membrane tangential filtration and vacuum evaporation. Such methods allow eco-sustainable and efficient extraction of the active ingredients involved. Compositions resulting from such methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the method for manufacturing textile, by treating textile with an isolated polypeptide having endoglucanase activity, especially in biostoning and bio-polishing process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having endoglucanase activity, catalytic domains, cellulose binding domains and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides, catalytic domains or cellulose binding domains. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides, catalytic domains or cellulose binding domains.

Abstract: The invention relates to xylanases and to polynucleotides encoding the xylanases. In addition, methods of designing new xylanases and methods of use thereof are also provided. The xylanases have increased activity and stability at increased pH and temperature.

Abstract: The instant invention provides an intergrated kit with solutions and instruments to isolate various biological samples from biological samples. The kit enables an user to preserve specimens and isolate biomolecules with features and benefits of high quality, easy, fast, no toxicity, safe to user and environment, low demanding, cost-effective, reducing waste, saving nature resources and protecting environment, and leads to a low-carbon and Green economy in preparation of specimens. The integrated kit enables the user to extract biomolecules including DNA/ccfDNA, Large RNA/mRNA/ccfRNA, Small RNA/miRNA/ccfmiRNA, Protein, Lipid, Carbohydrates, and Metabolite using one seamless procedure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having beta-glucosidase activity, beta-xylosidase activity, or beta-glucosidase and beta-xylosidase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: A method of enzymatic extraction of chitin is realized in a single step wherein the chitin is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of raw material constituted by animal biomass including chitin, the enzymatic hydrolysis using an enzyme active in acid medium. Also disclosed is a process of optimization of the method of enzymatic extraction of chitin, as well as the chitin susceptible to be obtained by the method of enzymatic extraction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling multi-phase chemical reactions using the architecture of surfactant foams to control mass transport of chemical reactants, catalysts, and products and the kinetics with which they react. More specifically, the invention relates to transformations that require both gaseous and liquid components with dissolved or suspended catalysts that are unstable when sheared.

Abstract: The present application concerns a thermostable chitosanase, originally identified in Paenibacillus sp., having an optimal temperature of about 80° C. when measured at a reaction time of about 10 minutes. Also contemplated are variants of this chitosanase (sharing more than 81% identity) as well as fragments thereof. The present application further concerns nucleic acid molecules encoding the chitosanase, vector comprising them as well as host cell expressing them. Methods of producing the thermostable chitosanase as well as using it for generating low molecular weight chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides are also disclosed.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of modifying soluble xylan which contains glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains so that it can be adsorbed onto other substrates. The method includes the steps of enzymatically modifying the xylan by selectively removing glucuronic acid and/or arabinose side chains from the xylan with ?-D-glucuronidase and/or ?-L-arabinofuranosidase, and allowing the modified xylan to adsorb onto the substrate. The substrate may be a cellulosic substrate like pulp or paper or a non-cellulosic substrate. The enzymes are able to remove a sufficient number of the xylan side chains so as to decrease water solubility of the xylan, induce xylan precipitation and allow adsorption of the xylan onto other substrates. A pulping process which incorporates modification of xylan and adsorption onto cellulosic material is also provided, as are products which contain the modified xylan.

Abstract: The invention of Integrated Versatile and Systems Preparation of Specimens relates an open module technology which integrates synchronously the methods of protection, isolation and alteration of specimens into the “One for All” product or kit. The product or kit comprises a core module without or with Plug-in modules and a set of comprehensive protocols which can simultaneously or individually isolate systems biomolecules including DNA/ccfDNA, Large RNA/mRNA/ccfRNA, Small RNA/miRNA/ccfmiRNA, Protein, Lipid, Carbohydrates, and Metabolite versatilely from a vast variety of specimens including solid specimens and liquid specimens. The product or kit can accept new and custom Plug-in modules to expand functions and applications.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing an eggshell membrane solubilization method that is capable of solving the problems associated with carrying out treatment using acids and alkalis, or problems associated with the processing methods of the conventional art that use proteases; in other words, an eggshell membrane solubilization method that is capable of solving at least one of the following problems: (1) the need for pretreatment such as pulverization, sonication or boiling; (2) the need for prolonged treatment; and (3) a low decomposition rate (approximately 20%). Eggshell membranes are efficiently solubilized by using a protease in combination with a reducing agent.

Abstract: The formation of acrylamide during heat treatment in the production of a food product is reduced by treating the raw material with an enzyme before the heat treatment. The enzyme is capable of reacting on asparagine or glutamine (optionally substituted) as a substrate or is a laccase or a peroxidase.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a composition comprising two or more feedstocks and an ionic liquid (IL). The present invention also provides for a method for treating feedstocks, comprising providing a composition of the present invention comprising two or more feedstocks and an ionic liquid (IL).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for obtaining sodium chondroitin sulphate from cartilage, notably of avian origin, as well as a sodium chondroitin sulphate preparation.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: The invention relates to the new, genetically non-modified bacterial strain Lactobacillus plantarum S, which has been deposited in the IAFB Collection of Industrial Microorganisms Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology in Warsaw under the number KKP 2021 p or variant thereof. The invention relates to use of the strain Lactobacillus plantarum S KKP 2021 p or variant thereof or composition which may comprise thereof for ensiling of roughages, with the intention to decontaminate the feeds, contaminated with ochratoxin A, moulds and pathogenic bacteria. The feeds contaminated with moulds, ochratoxin A and pathogenic microorganisms, after the process of lactic fermentation with the participation of bacteria of the new strain Lactobacillus plantarum S, may be employed in nutrition of breeding animals as being completely safe products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of a parent glycoside hydrolase, comprising a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 21, 94, 157, 205, 206, 247, 337, 350, 373, 383, 438, 455, 467, and 486 of amino acids 1 to 513 of SEQ ID NO: 2, and optionally further comprising a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 8, 22, 41, 49, 57, 113, 193, 196, 226, 227, 246, 251, 255, 259, 301, 356, 371, 411, and 462 of amino acids 1 to 513 of SEQ ID NO: 2 a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 8, 22, 41, 49, 57, 113, 193, 196, 226, 227, 246, 251, 255, 259, 301, 356, 371, 411, and 462 of amino acids 1 to 513 of SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the variants have glycoside hydrolase activity. The present invention also relates to nucleotide sequences encoding the variant glycoside hydrolases and to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleotide sequences.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of pretreating biomass in two pretreatment stages as part of a biofuel production process. The first stage pretreatment is carried out by heating the biomass to a first stage temperature of 140° C. to 180° C. for a first stage time of 30 minutes to 2 hours at a first stage pressure of 105 to 150 psig; and the second stage is carried out by heating the biomass to a second stage temperature of 190° C. to 210° C. for a second stage time of 2 to 10 minutes at a second stage pressure of 167 to 262 psig. The biomass may be initially conditioned prior to the first pretreatment stage by atmospheric steam heating and adjusting the moisture content of the biomass. Hemicellulose and inhibitors (inhibitory compounds) to downstream hydrolysis and fermentation are preferably removed between the first and second pretreating stages, more preferably after each pretreatment stage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process comprising (1) forming an aqueous mixture comprising a microbial composition and solid chitin, wherein said microbial composition comprises one or more microbes that produce chitin digesting enzymes; and (2) fermenting the mixture for a time sufficient to enzymatically digest all or part of the chitin to form a fermented mixture comprising chitosan and glucosamine. In some embodiments, the chitin is derived from the biodegradation of chitin containing marine Arthropods. In other embodiments, the chitin and other components contained in fungi, filamentous fungi and yeast can be obtained, for example, by the biodegradation of chitin containing fungi, filamentous fungi, yeast and/or insects, preferably using HQE for the digestion. In some embodiments, the process is carried out with a solution that already contains chitosan and/or glucosamine such as HYTb, the aqueous fraction obtained from the biodegradation of chitin containing organisms.

Abstract: A sea cucumber preparation and manufacturing method thereof, comprising steps as follows: put the cut and well-cleaned fresh sea cucumber or soaked sea cucumber into an airtight container; at 70˜130° C., gelatinate for 1 min˜20 h, freeze-dry till the water content is less than 10 wt %, then sequentially carry out coarse, ultra-micro and nanometer crushing till the fineness reaches 10˜1000 nm. Add water into the sea cucumber nanometer powder to carry out proteinase enzymolysis, after the enzymolysis is finished, inactivate the proteinase, separate and take the supernatant and dry to get nanometer sea cucumber extract. Evenly mix the extract with panax pseudo-ginseng saponins extract at the proportion of 99˜70%:1˜30%. The content of the sea cucumber polysaccharide in the mixture is 2.5˜8.0 wt %, the content of panax pseudo-ginseng saponins is 0.3˜21.0 wt %. The compound preparation has complementary and synergistic effects on pharmacological effect.

Abstract: A fermentation process for the production of cellulase mixtures is provided. The process comprises providing a genetically modified host filamentous fungus that overexpresses a Xyr1 transcription factor and/or that is partially or completely deficient in expressing one or more hemicellulase enzyme. The host filamentous fungus is cultured in a medium comprising a carbon source. The carbon source contains from about 60 wt % to about 100 wt % hemicellulose-derived carbohydrate and less than 5% of a cellulase-inducing carbohydrate or contains from about 25 wt % to about 100% wt % hemicellulose-derived sugar alcohol in combination with from about 0 wt % to about 75 wt % glucose, glycerol or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Methods are provided for obtaining phytoextracts from vegetation waters and pomaces coming from olive milling. Such methods may be based on combining physical-chemical and enzymatic pre-treatment methods, membrane tangential filtration and vacuum evaporation. Such methods allow eco-sustainable and efficient extraction of the active ingredients involved. Compositions resulting from such methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides compositions methods and composition relating to the diagnosis and/or treatment of cancers having a cell surface de-N-acetylated sialic acid antigen, e.g., an at least partially de-N-acetylated ganglioside and/or a de-N-acetylated sialic acid-modified cell surface protein.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase (AmyE) or its variant thereof. AmyE or its variants thereof may be used to eliminate or reduce the iodine-positive starch presented in saccharide liquor. Also disclosed are a composition comprising an AmyE or variant thereof and a method utilizing an AmyE or variant thereof to eliminate or reduce the iodine-positive starch.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preparing a glycoside of a mono- or diacylglycerol product from a plant material. The method comprises the steps of: (i) optionally milling the plant material, (ii) extracting the optionally milled plant material with a first aqueous extraction solution obtaining a first liquid phase and a first solid phase, (iii) separating the liquid phase from the solid phase to obtain a glycoside of mono- or diacylglycerol product, (iv) extracting the solid phase from step (iii) with a second extraction solution obtaining a second liquid phase and a second phase, and (v) separating the second liquid phase from the second solid phase to obtain a second and a third glycoside of mono- or diacylglycerol product, wherein the second extraction solution further comprises a cell wall degrading enzyme or a mixture of cell wall degrading enzymes.

Abstract: The invention of Integrated Versatile and Systems Preparation of Specimens relates an open module technology which integrates synchronously the methods of protection, isolation and alteration of specimens into the “One for All” product or kit. The product or kit comprises a core module without or with Plug-in modules and a set of comprehensive protocols which can simultaneously or individually isolate systems biomolecules including DNA/ccfDNA, Large RNA/mRNA/ccfRNA, Small RNA/miRNA/ccfmiRNA, Protein, Lipid, Carbohydrates, and Metabolite versatilely from a vast variety of specimens including solid specimens and liquid specimens. The product or kit can accept new and custom Plug-in modules to expand functions and applications.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: A process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to produce a hydrolysis product comprising glucose from a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock and enzymes for use in the process are provided. The process comprises partially hydrolyzing an aqueous slurry of a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock with cellulase enzymes, one or more than one ?-glucosidase enzyme and a binding agent for binding the ?-glucosidase enzyme to fiber solids present in the aqueous slurry. The unhydrolyzed fiber solids are then separated from the hydrolyzed slurry. The separated fiber solids thus obtained are then re-suspended in an aqueous solution to produce a re-suspended slurry. The hydrolysis is then continued to produce the hydrolysis product comprising glucose.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising a chaotropic agent, a buffering substance, and 0.5 to 5% (V/V) polidocanol or a derivative thereof. The invention is further related to uses of this composition and to a kit comprising the composition according to the invention. The invention is further related to a method for the detection of a nucleic acid in a biological sample comprising the steps of incubating the biological sample in the presence of a chaotropic agent, a buffering substance, and 0.5 to 5% (V/V) polidocanol or a derivative thereof, optionally isolating the nucleic acid, optionally amplifying the nucleic acid, and detecting the nucleic acid. The invention is further related to a method for the purification of a nucleic acid in a biological sample comprising the steps of incubating the biological sample in the presence of a chaotropic agent, a buffering substance, and 0.5 to 5% (V/V) polidocanol or a derivative thereof and isolating the nucleic acid thereby purifying the nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for purifying RNA-free DNA from a sample.

Abstract: The formation of acrylamide during heat treatment in the production of a food product is reduced by treating the raw material with an enzyme before the heat treatment. The enzyme is capable of reacting on asparagine or glutamine (optionally substituted) as a substrate or is a laccase or a peroxidase.

Abstract: Provided herein are isolated genomic polynucleotide fragments from the from the p15 region of chromosome 11 encoding human ribosomal protein L26 (RIBO26) and methods of use.

Abstract: Provided herein are isolated genomic polynucleotide fragments from the from the p15 region of chromosome 11 encoding human tumor suppressing subtransferable candidate 6 and methods of use.

Abstract: Provided herein are isolated genomic polynucleotide fragments from the from the p15 region of chromosome 11 encoding human SMS3 (SMS3) and methods of use.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process of reducing the ash content of a biomass feedstock or a biomass fraction. Embodiments include a process of reducing the ash content of a biomass feedstock or of a biomass fraction comprising: providing a biomass or biomass fraction; adding alcohol and acid to the biomass to yield a reaction mixture; separating the reaction mixture into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction by centrifugation; and distillating the liquid and collecting the solid to recover reaction reagents. The biomass can comprise aquatic species such as lemna.

Abstract: Provided herein are isolated genomic polynucleotide fragments from the p15 arm of chromosome 11 encoding HASH2 and methods of use.

Abstract: Methods of separating tagged nucleic acid fragments from populations of fragments are provided. The fragments are produced from a population of tagged nucleic acids. In some cases, the population of tagged nucleic acids comprises a population of clonal nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides reagents and methods for inhibiting bacterial infection and abnormal cell growth, as well as for selection cloning of nucleic acid inserts.

Abstract: Dandelion processes, compositions and products are provided. One process is a method of preparing dandelion that utilizes a species of a Taraxacum genus, the process including the steps of extracting and recovering a rubber and a carbohydrate from a dandelion root substantially simultaneously. The process employs a dandelion species that is selected from the group consisting of: Taraxacum officianale, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, a rubber-bearing species of the genus Taraxacum, and a combination of two or more thereof. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: Method of treating a biomass containing a fibrous structure and polysaccharides. According to the method the biomass is subjected to extractive treatment at which it is heated in aqueous phase at an absolute pressure of over 0.6 MPa and a temperature of at least 160° C. for separating polysaccharides from the mass. According to the invention, the pH of the biomass which is subjected to the extractive treatment is not actively lowered during the extraction and after the treatment the pressure is controllably reduced so as not to decompose the fibrous structure of the biomass. The polysaccharides separated from the mass are recovered as a first fraction, the fibrous structure of the biomass as a second fraction and at least one of the fractions is subjected to further processing. By means of the invention it is possible to isolate from the starting materials valuable compounds and groups of compounds by a method suitable for use on an industrial scale.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for decomposing a plant residue and reducing a volume of the plant residue to a satisfactory level within a short period. Also disclosed is a bacterium for use in the method. Further disclosed is a material for decomposing a plant residue and reducing a volume of the plant residue, which contains the bacterium. A bacterium is found which is capable of decomposing a plant residue and reducing a volume of the plant residue under natural conditions satisfactorily and stably. The bacterium can be used for decomposing a plant residue and reducing a volume of the plant residue. A material containing cells of Bacillus pumilus KS-C4 strain (FERM BP-10842) that is capable of decomposing a plant residue and reducing a volume of the plant residue or a culture of the cell is added to a plant residue.