Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of biological labeling that occurs via a free radical chain reaction. The labeling occurs due to deposition of a detectable reporter molecule from a media comprising a substance comprising at least two moieties of a peroxidase enzyme substrate (termed herein ‘cross-linker’) in a target site comprising peroxidase activity and a biological marker. The labeling reaction described herein may generally be used to detect targets in a host of experimental schemes for detecting and visualizing a biological or chemical target, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), antibody-based staining methods such as ELISA, Southern, Northern, and Western blotting, and others.

Abstract: The immunoassay element for quantitatively analyzing an antigen by determining the change in enzymatic activity of an enzyme-labelled antigen or antibody caused by an immunological reaction. The immunoassay element comprises a substrate layer containing a non-diffusible substrate which forms a diffusible material in the presence of the labelling enzyme, and a reagent layer containing a fragmenting enzyme for further fragmenting the diffusible material into a lower molecular weight product. As the non-diffusible substrate, a substrate capable of reacting solely with the labelling enzyme and incapable of reacting the fragmenting enzyme is utilized. When an endo-active glucosidase is used as the labelling enzyme, and an exo-active glucosidase is used the fragmenting enzyme in the reagent layer, the non-diffusible substrate of the substrate layer is preferred to be an endo type selectively reactive substrate, which means a substrate having a reactivity specific to endo-active glucosidase.

Abstract: Methods, reagents, kits and systems are disclosed for determining an analyte in a sample suspected of containing the analyte where all reagents are soluble in aqueous solution. One assay method includes treating a sample suspected of containing the analyte under conditions such that if the analyte is present, an activator is brought into reactive configuration with a chemiluminescent compound to activates it. The sample is also treated with an agent to reduce signal not related to analyte. Finally, the sample is treated with a trigger solution thereby producing light from the activated chemiluminescent compound. No reagents are associated with a surface or other solid phase.

Abstract: Methods and devices for analyzing fluid variables such as viscosity, surface tension, analyte concentration, the presence of particulates or aggregates are provided. The devices analyze fluid variables by measuring cessation of fluid flow through the medium or a change in flow rate due to an inherent property of the fluid variable, or due to a modification of the fluid variable as the fluid migrates through the medium. One lateral flow device provided analyzes a fluid variable in a sample by measuring relative rates of capillary flow down two or more converging arms of a common element of porous media, such as filter paper, in which at least one of the arms has been modified by the addition of flow-modifying agents which affect the flow rate in response to the concentration of the analyte. The fluid fronts will converge at a position determined by their relative flow rates, which is thus indicative of a fluid variable, such as analyte concentration, in the sample fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a method of stabilizing a reagent that allows simultaneous quantification of LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol by a single measurement by suppressing spontaneous color development thereof. A method of quantification for cholesterol in low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol in a biological sample by the single measurement comprises a first step of treating lipoproteins other than low density lipoprotein in the biological sample to generate hydrogen peroxide and a second step of converting the hydrogen peroxide obtained in the first step to a quinone dye and treating remaining low density lipoprotein and converting generated hydrogen peroxide to the quinone dye, where the quinone dye is not formed in the first step, and cholesterol in low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol are quantified from the amount of the quinone dye formed in the second step by the single measurement.

Abstract: A method of determining risk of heart failure in a mammal is provided comprising the steps of measuring in a biological sample obtained from a mammal the level of each of IL-6, MCP-1, IL-10, VEGF, and EGF biomarkers in the sample, wherein a positive result of at least three of said biomarkers is indicative of a risk of heart failure in the mammal.

Abstract: Method for increasing the emission of light from a chemiluminescent reaction including luminol, a peroxidase enzyme, an oxidant and a mediator of electrons through the use of a hypernucleophilic acylation catalyst belonging to the class of 4-aminopyridines. It is also described the use in diagnostic assays of chemiluminescent substrates containing said catalysts.

Abstract: A method for identifying, diagnosing, and monitoring cancerous lung tissues in a subject may include measuring the expression of at least one biomarker in a biological sample in the subject, and comparing the expression against a normal value. When a differential expression of the at least one biomarker between the biological sample and the normal value is more than 1.5-fold, the lung tissue sample is cancerous.

Abstract: Nonseparation assay methods using peroxide generating enzymes in combination with a solid support for analyte detection are disclosed. The present assay methods provide a high degree of sensitivity, are simple and efficient to perform, and are excellent tools for diagnostic and high through-put screening applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds which are conjugates of two or more moieties capable of serving as substrates of an enzyme with peroxidase activity and one or more labels. The conjugate molecules of the invention are useful for detection of molecular targets, e.g. biological or chemical molecules, molecular structures, etc, in samples using a host of experimental schemes for detecting and visualizing such targets, e.g. immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), ELISA, Southern, Northern, and Western blotting, etc. The invention also relates to compositions comprising the conjugate molecules.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions, kits, assembles of articles and methodology for carrying out processes that permit biological enzymes to act directly on metals and metal particles. In particular, the invention relates to use of enzymes to selectively deposit metal to the vicinity of a target molecule. The invention also relates to linking of metals to enzyme substrates, control of enzymatic metal deposition and applications of enzymatic metal deposition to sensitively and selectively detect target molecules such as biomarkers in various biological samples, such as chromogenic immunohistochemical (IHC) detection in situ by using bright field light microscope.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing a hem protein which is effective against the denaturation and degradation of a hem protein typified by hemoglobin and a storage solution therefor. A method of stabilizing a hem protein and a storage solution therefor characterized in that an iminocarboxylic acid or its salt is made to coexist in a sample containing the hem protein, wherein the above-described iminocarboxylic acid is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; and X's represent each a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an ammonium group.

Abstract: The invention relates to assays for measuring ubiquitin ligase activity and for identifying modulators of ubiquitin ligase enzymes.

Abstract: A diagnostic method of monitoring anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant actions of therapeutic agents comprises determining the level of at least one systemic marker indicative of inflammation or oxidation in a bodily sample taken from a subject at base line or following administration of the therapeutic agent. The marker includes at least one of MPO activity, MPO mass, select MPO-generated oxidation products, and combinations thereof. The level of the systemic marker is compared with a predetermined value to monitor the anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant actions of the therapeutic agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and agents for treating subjects who have or are at risk of developing or having cardiovascular disease. Such agents inhibit binding of myeloperoxidase (MPO) to a molecule comprising the MPO binding site of apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1) and include a peptide fragment of apoA-1 comprising at least 4 contiguous amino acids in SEQ ID. NO: 2, a modified form of the apo-1 fragment comprising one or more D amino acids, a retro-inverso form of the apoA-1 peptide fragment, an organo-mimetic of the apoA-1 peptide fragment, a peptide-mimetic of the apoA1 peptide fragment, or a nucleic acid encoding the apo A-1 peptide fragment. The present invention also provides methods of identifying or screening test agents for treating subjects having or at risk of having or developing CVD.

Abstract: Polymerized conjugates of at least two proteins that have increased sensitivity for detecting proteins in biological assays such as gels and blots, and methods of preparing the conjugates, and a protein assay detection kit using the conjugates. In one embodiment, proteins are polymerized by reacting a carbohydrate group on the protein that has been oxidized with an amine group.

Abstract: An assay device and method for measuring the concentration of LDL-associated cholesterol in a blood-fluid sample are described. The method employs selective precipitation of VLDL and chylomicrons and immunoseparation of HDL from a blood fluid sample. The assay device allows the assay to be performed entirely in a flow strip format.

Abstract: Provided herein methods for determining whether a subject, particularly a human subject, is at risk of developing, having, or experiencing a complication of cardiovascular disease, and methods of treating subjects who are identified by the current methods of being at risk for cardiovascular disease. In one embodiment, the method comprises determining levels of one or more oxidized apolipoprotein A-I related biomolecules in a bodily sample from the subject. Also, provided are kits and reagents for use in the present methods. Also provided are methods for monitoring the status of cardiovascular disease in a subject or the effects of therapeutic agents on subjects with cardiovascular disease. Such method comprising determining levels of one or more oxidized apolipoprotein A-I related molecules in bodily samples taken from the subject over time or before and after therapy.

Abstract: Methods for determining the appropriateness of anti-platelet therapy in a patient with a platelet-affected disease. The Mean Platelet Component value in a patient blood sample is determined corresponding to the patient's platelet activation status. A high platelet activation status indicates the appropriateness of anti-platelet therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for detecting the activation states of components of signal transduction pathways in tumor cells. Information on the activation states of components of signal transduction pathways derived from use of the invention can be used for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and in the design of cancer treatments.

Abstract: A device and method for detecting the presence of hemoglobin in a biological sample, more particularly, the presence of blood in a fecal sample as an indicator of upper or lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding.

Abstract: Disclosed are an article for assaying a target, wherein the article includes a solid surface on which a first binding member, a blocking material, and a second binding member are immobilized, a method of manufacturing the article, and a method of detecting a target using the article.

Abstract: The subject invention concerns enzyme-based methods for detecting and assaying for glyoxylate. In particular, the invention is directed to methods for assaying for glyoxylate produced by the reaction of peptidylglycine ?-amidating monooxygenase (PAM). The subject invention also concerns methods for assaying for the enzyme peptidylglycine ?-amidating monooxygenase. The detection of glyoxylate using the present invention is indicative of the presence of PAM. The subject invention also concerns methods for screening for peptide hormones and any N-acyl-glycine or N-aryl-glycine conjugated molecule.

Abstract: A method for identifying a patient that is at risk for developing a thyroid disorder that occurs subsequent to treatment with a regimen that depletes lymphocytes, comprising determining whether antibodies directed against thyroid peroxidase or thyroid microsomes are present in the patient, wherein if the antibodies are present in the patient then the patient is at increased risk for developing a thyroid disorder. A particular embodiment is a method for identifying a patient with multiple sclerosis that is at risk for developing a thyroid disorder that occurs subsequent to treatment with a regimen that depletes CD52-positive cells, comprising determining whether antibodies directed against thyroid peroxidase or thyroid microsomes are present in the patient, wherein if the antibodies are present in the patient then the patient is at risk for developing the thyroid disorder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are agents, methods, and kits for determining the presence or concentration of a target, or multiple targets, in a sample, in a uniplexed or multiplexed fashion. In general, the methods enable the analysis of small molecules produced or consumed in liquid-phase that may be analyzed using gas or vapor phase detection methods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for detecting contaminants, such as ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol, in various materials, including household products, and medicines. The contaminants can be detected using enzyme assays that produce measurable changes in light absorption and/or light fluorescence.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the use of droplets to culture and/or assay cells or other species. In some cases, the cells or other species may be sorted based upon the results of the culture and/or assay. In some embodiments, cells other species can be encapsulated in droplets and exposed to one or more agents (e.g., a sugar, an indicator dye, etc.). For instance, in some cases, exposure of cells to the agents may result in the production of metabolites or other compounds (e.g., amino acids, proteins, organic acids, etc.) which may be, for example, assayed or otherwise determined. In some embodiments, the reaction of an agent with cells and/or other species within a droplet may reveal a property of the cells or other species (e.g., sugar consumption, growth rate, ability to withstand exposure to the agent, etc.). As an example, cells that produce desired metabolites or exhibit certain properties may be separated from the other cells via sorting techniques.

Abstract: Methods and compound useful for detecting a source of hydrogen peroxide are disclosed wherein a signalling compound of the formula: is reacted with peroxide. Sig is a non-polymeric organic group, B is a boron atom, and each R is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl and aryl groups and can be joined together as a straight or branched alkylene chain forming a ring or as an aromatic ring. A detectable product compound of the formula Sig-OH or Sig-O? is produced and detected by measuring color, absorbance, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or bioluminescence. The signalling compound itself does not possess the detectable property or does so only to a very weak degree. The methods can be used as a detectable signal in assays for peroxide or peroxide-producing enzymes and in assays employing enzyme-labeled specific binding pairs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for identifying bacterial induced rhinosinusitis. The method comprises obtaining a nasal or paranasal mucus sample and detecting the presence of neutrophil degranulation in the mucus sample. Degranulation of neutrophils can be determined by morphological analysis of the cells in the mucus or by detection of released (i.e., “free”) granule content markers such as neutrophil elastase or myeloperoxidase. Based on an accurate determination of the cause of sinusitis as described herein, an appropriate treatment can be instituted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to analyte detection test systems, including test systems for the oral detection of analytes in saliva. The present invention also provides compositions and methods for storing multiple assay tests and compositions and methods for measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing corrugated and nanoporous microspheres including the steps of synthesizing substantially smooth spherical microspheres, and controlled wet-etching of the substantially smooth spherical microspheres with a basic solution having a pH above 10.00 is provided. The microspheres can include, for example, silica microspheres or titania microspheres of various sized diameters of between 50 nm and 600 nm. The basic solution can include an aqueous potassium cyanide solution or an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution. Methods of using the corrugated and nanoporous microspheres described herein are also provided.

Abstract: A system for the detection of compounds, including a target biological organism or component from a sample, using one or more reactant that will bind to the biological organism or compound forming a Raman active product, concentrating the Raman active product, and detecting the Raman active product using Raman light scattering.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the diagnosis and/or risk stratification of cardiac insufficiency, according to which the marker neurophysin or a fragment or partial peptide thereof is determined on patients to be examined. The invention also relates to advantageous marker combinations containing neurophysin, and to a diagnostic device and a kit for carrying out the method.

Abstract: A test kit detects the presence of a target analyte in a fluid sample. In particular, the test kit includes reagents capable of detecting the target analyte of interest in breast milk. More particularly, the test kit is capable of detecting the presence of alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, drugs of abuse, therapeutic drugs, triglycerides, lactose, capsaicin, and gluten, for example, in breast milk.

Abstract: A chromogenic composition for detecting spilled blood includes a mixture of an acidified aqueous solution containing reduced FD&C Blue #1 and hydrogen peroxide. The chromogenic composition has a relatively long shelf life and will produce a bright blue visible color when contacting blood, thereby being useful for detecting spilled blood and blood trails from wounded game.

Abstract: The present invention relates to analyte detection test systems, including test systems for the oral detection of analytes in saliva. The present invention also provides compositions and methods for storing multiple assay tests and compositions and methods for measuring the concentration of analytes in a sample.

Abstract: In a process of forming a hydrogel from a mixture comprising hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and a polymer comprising a crosslinkable phenol group, the gelation rate in the solution and the crosslinking density in the hydrogel can be independently adjusted or controlled by selection of the molarity of H2O2 and concentration of HRP in the solution when the molarity of H2O2 is limited to be within a range and the concentration of HRP is limited to be above a threshold. A method for determining the range and threshold is disclosed. The hydrogel may be used to grow cells, in which case, the molarity of H2O2 may be selected to affect the differentiaion or growth rate of the cells in the hydrogel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods for detecting analyte molecules or particles in a fluid sample and in some cases, determining a measure of the concentration of the molecules or particles in the fluid sample. Methods of the present invention may comprise immobilizing a plurality of analyte molecules or particles to form a plurality of complexes, releasing at least a portion of some of the plurality of complexes, determining at least a portion of the plurality of complexes released, and determining a measure of the concentration of the analyte molecules or particles in a fluid sample.

Abstract: Methods using chemiluminescent label compounds and chemiluminescent labeled conjugates are provided. The compounds comprise an acridan ring bearing an exocyclic ketene dithioacetal group and further contain a labeling substituent which permits attachment to compounds of interest. The novel chemiluminescent compounds and labeled conjugates are convenient to prepare, are highly stable, and generate chemiluminescence rapidly on demand. The compounds and conjugates are useful in assays of an analyte in a sample and in assays employing labeled specific binding pairs.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a microfluidic device having at least one cylindrical microchannel includes providing a substrate, casting an uncured polymer matrix solution onto the substrate, embedding an elongated rod in the uncured polymer matrix solution, curing the polymer matrix solution to form a solidified body, and extracting the elongated rod to form the cylindrical microchannel in the solidified body. In another embodiment, the method includes forming an optical feature on a surface of the microfluidic device. A microfluidic device is also provided, the device including a polymer body, and at least one cylindrical microchannel in the polymer body, the cylindrical microchannel having a diameter between approximately 40 ?m and 250 ?m, inclusive. An additional microfluidic device is provided that functions as an optofluidic spectrometer.

Abstract: A diagnostic and testing apparatus and related methods for the use of the same are disclosed which derive and use antibodies to equine albumin and equine hemoglobin in testing apparatus, kits, and methods for detecting and localizing gastric and colonic ulcers or bleeding in horses. Fecal droppings from a horse to be tested are placed in a container together with a buffered liquid solution and mixed thoroughly, following which several drops of liquid from the container are placed into a test kit. Visual markers in the test kits signify the detection of the indicators equine hemoglobin and equine albumin, which are respectively indicative of the presence of gastric and/or colonic ulcers or bleeding.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for measuring a concentration of various components rapidly with high accuracy and high sensitivity. The present invention is to provide an oxidative chromogenic compound or salt thereof represented by the following chemical formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group, or salt thereof, provided that at least one of R3 to R7 is a carboxyl group or a sulfonic acid group, or salt thereof, and the others are hydrogen atoms, and the production method thereof, and the reagent composition and test instrument using the same.

Abstract: An enzyme based nondestructive sensor for the qualitative detection of spoilage in seafood is provided wherein the sensor does not alter the physical composition of the seafood specimen. The sensor comprises a sampling matrix, at least three or more enzymes in contact with the sampling matrix, and at least one indicator compound in contact with the sampling matrix. The enzymes are capable of interacting with four target chemicals comprising putrescine, cadaverine, histamine and tyramine, which are located on the surface of the seafood specimen. The indicator compound is capable of changing the color of the sampling matrix thereby indicating a qualitative visually detectable color change. A method for the nondestructive detection of the quality of a seafood specimen at any given time and for determining the remaining usable shelf life of the seafood specimen is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for risk stratification for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), in particular acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angina pectoris (AP), wherein provasopressin (proAVP) or fragments and partial peptides thereof, in particular copeptin or neurophysin II, is determined by an in vitro diagnosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to providing improved hydrogen peroxide assays, as well as droplet actuators for conducting such assays. The droplet actuators of the invention may be used to conduct droplet-based hydrogen peroxide assays. They may also be associated with detectors for analyzing the results of the hydrogen peroxide assays of the invention. They may be provided as components of systems which control droplet operations and/or detection for conducting the hydrogen peroxide assays. Measurement by the detector may be used to quantify the presence of an analyte in a sample.

Abstract: The invention provides novel immunogenic proteins LigA and LigB from Leptospira for use in the development of effective vaccines and antibodies, as well as improved diagnostic methods and kits.

Abstract: Methods and kits for diagnosing cancer in a subject is disclosed. The method comprises determining a level and/or activity of at least one saliva secreted marker in a saliva sample of the subject wherein an alteration in said marker with respect to an unaffected saliva sample is indicative of the cancer, with the proviso that the saliva secreted marker is not circulatory carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).

Abstract: Described herein are substrates, methods, articles, and kits that are useful for removing interferents from samples for diagnostic purposes. The interferents are removed with phosphocellulose and cation exchange materials. These materials could also be used in vitro to improve the performance of a diagnostic assay or in vivo to remove the interferents.

Abstract: This invention relates to the identification and characterization of racemases and definition of protein signatures of these racemases. More particularly, this invention relates to the identification of nucleic acid molecules encoding a peptide consisting of a motif characteristic of the protein signatures, and to the peptides consisting of these motifs and more specifically SEQ ID NOS:1-4. This invention also relates to antibodies specific for the peptides and to immune complexes of these antibodies with the peptides. Further, the invention relates to methods and kits for detecting racemases using the nucleic acid molecules of the invention, as well as the peptides consisting of the motifs and antibodies to these peptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the diagnosis of hematopoietic disorders and to determining the prognosis of patients affected by such disorders. The methods generally comprise determining a level of myeloperoxidase in a body fluid sample from the individual and using the level as a factor for diagnosing the disorder in the mammal or as a factor for determining the prognosis of a patient diagnosed with such a disorder. Myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia are exemplary disorders. Also provided are method of cancer therapy involving reducing the level of myeloperoxidase in the body fluid of the individual.