Abstract: A method for growing bone cells. In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for growing bone cells, comprising the steps of (a) anodizing a titanium substrate to form an array of titanium dioxide nanotubes on a surface of the titanium substrate, (b) subjecting the anodized titanium substrate to a radio frequency plasma discharge to chemically modify the array of titanium dioxide nanotubes formed on the surface of the titanium substrate, (c) seeding bone cells onto the surface of the titanium substrate that has an array of titanium dioxide nanotubes thereon after the subjecting step, and (d) incubating the seeded bone cells for a period of time effective for the cells to grow and proliferate.

Abstract: Developing heart valves are exposed to dynamic strains by applying a dynamic pressure difference over the leaflets. The flow is kept to a minimum, serving only as a perfusion system, supplying the developing tissue with fresh nutrients. Standard heart valves were engineered based on B trileaflet scaffolds seeded with cells isolated from the human saphenous vein. Tissue compaction is constrained by the stent, inducing increasing pre-strain in the tissue. The dynamic strains the tissues are exposed to via the dynamic pressure difference, are estimated using finite element methods based on the mechanical properties of the neo-tissue, in order to get inside into the strain distribution over the leaflet.

Abstract: A cell culture system including: a substrate, a substrate coating, one or more live cells, and an overlay source. The substrate coating and overlay can be laminin, and laminin•entactin complex, respectively. Alternatively, the substrate coating and overlay can be laminin•entactin complex, and laminin, respectively. The cell culture system can further include liquid media and a protective cover. A method for making and using the system in cell culture articles and culture methods, as defined herein, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Synthetic surfaces suitable for culturing stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells contain acrylate polymers formed from one or more acrylate monomers. The acrylate surfaces, in many cases, are suitable for culturing stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in chemically defined media.

Abstract: A carrier for growing stem cells is provided, the carrier comprises a substrate comprising one or more outer surfaces; and a hydrophilic, water soluble coating material disposed and dried on one or more of the outer surfaces. The carrier comprises one or more structured indentations on one or more of the outer surfaces, wherein the carrier has a length at least about 0.2 mm, a width at least about 0.2 mm, and a height in a range from about 0.05 mm to 1.2 mm and each of the structured indentations has a major axis in a range from about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, a minor axis in a range from about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and a depth in a range from about 0.025 mm to about 0.5 mm. A method of culturing stem cells and stromal cells using the same carrier are also provided.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using tissue engineered blood vessels to repair and regenerate blood vessels of patients with vascular disease are disclosed.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a kit including: (i) a plasma polymerized surface having first and second regions, said first region including a first concentration of carboxylic acid groups on said plasma polymerized surface and said second region including a second concentration of carboxylic acid groups on said plasma polymerized surface, wherein said first concentration and said second concentration are different; (ii) a first plasma polymerized secondary substrate having carboxylic acid groups disposed consistently thereacross at a concentration equal to said first concentration; and, (iii) a second plasma polymerized secondary substrate having carboxylic acid groups disposed consistently thereacross at a concentration equal to said second concentration.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial tissue construct that has means for transporting nutrients, oxygen, waste products, or the like and is viable in vivo. The present invention relates to a tissue construct formed in vitro, which comprises a vascular layer, a basal membrane layer, and a tissue-forming cell layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides biomatrix scaffolds, a tissue extract enriched for extracellular matrix components and bound growth factors, cytokines and hormones, and methods of making and using same.

Abstract: A method of producing an improved cell growth surface and cell attachment surface. According to the present invention, a polymer article is molded at temperature in excess of 550° F. at the injection tip. After allowing the part to cool, a stream of plasma comprised of activated gaseous species generated by a microwave source is imparted on the article. This stream is directed at the surface of a polymer substrate in a controlled fashion such that the surface is imparted with attributes for cell adhesion superior to those of untreated polymer or polymer treated by other methods.

Abstract: A main object of the invention is to provide a new method for producing a cell culture substrate used to cause cells to adhere in a highly precise form onto a base material and then culture the cells.

Abstract: Disclosed are living, three-dimensional tissue constructs for in vitro scientific and medical research, arrays thereof, and methods of making said tissues and arrays.

Abstract: A free-standing thin film is fabricated from a structure comprising a base layer coated with a sacrificial polymer layer, which is in turn coated with a flexible polymer layer. Cells are then seeded onto the flexible polymer layer and cultured to form a tissue. The flexible polymer layer is then released from the base layer to produce a free-standing thin film comprising the tissue on the flexible polymer layer. In one embodiment, the cells are myocytes, which can be actuated to propel or displace the free-standing film. In another embodiment, the free-standing film is used to treat injured human tissue.

Abstract: A cell culture article including a substrate having nanoparticles on the substrate surface, the nanoparticle including: a polymer of formula (I) where (x), (y), (z), R, R?, R?, S, W, and X, are as defined herein. Methods for making the cell culture article or cell culture article and methods for performing an assay of a ligand with the article are also disclosed.

Abstract: Facing no ethical obstacle and easily to be isolated, multipotent concretely mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most powerful tools in reconstructive medicine. Here the inventors introduced 3D multicelluar spheroids culture construction based on photolithography and micropatterning techniques to improve multipotent differentiation efficiency of MSCs to adult cells. This invention, the 3D spheroid cultured construction for MSCs, leads to great improve of the differentiation efficiency. This invention relates to a cultured cell construct comprising a support; at least one island on the support; a hydrophilic and cytophobic substance applied on the surface of said support so as to encircle the island; and a spheroid which is derived from MSCs, said spheroid being in contact with the island.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for establishing and maintaining growth of cells and embryonic tissue on a synthetic polymer matrix. For example, the present invention provides synthetic growth matrices for stem cells, gametes, mature differentiated cells, and embryonic tissue (e.g., blastomeres, embryos, and embryoid bodies). In certain embodiments, the cells are capable of going through multiple passages while remaining in an undifferentiated state as a result of the synthetic polymer matrix.

Abstract: A method for regulating proliferation of cells, has steps of providing a first culture system with a surface that is coated with a biological material; inoculating and culturing cells on the surface of the first culture system in an appropriate medium, such that the proliferation of the cells is preserved; collecting the cells; providing a second culture system with a surface; and inoculating and culturing the cells on the surface of the second culture system in a culture medium containing the biological material, such that the proliferation of the cells is promoted. A method for regulating proliferation of cells is also provided, the method being the same as the previous method except that the step of inoculating and culturing in a first culture system is performed before the step of inoculating and culturing in a second culture system.

Abstract: Substrates for cell culture and tissue engineering bioreactors consisting of polymers that change their shape over time under stimulation by temperature change, hydration, degradation, or other means. A method of controlling cell culture using a biodegradable shape memory polymer, wherein shape changes can transfer stresses, strains, or both to adherent or otherwise connected cells such that the mechanical stimulus impacts cell development and the resulting properties of tissues.

Abstract: A coated microcarrier for cell culture includes a microcarrier base and a polymeric coating grafted to the base via a polymerization initiator. A method for forming the coated microcarrier includes (i) conjugating a polymerization initiator to the microcarrier base to form an initiator-conjugated microcarrier base; (ii) contacting the initiator-conjugated microcarrier base with monomers; and (iii) activating the initiator to initiate polymerization and graft the polymer to the base.

Abstract: Methods and kits of releasing cells are provided. The method comprises the steps of providing cultured cells on a cell culture support comprising a multi layer polyelectrolyte coating immobilized on a substrate, and releasing the cultured cells from the cell culture support by a releasing solution comprising DMSO. The kit comprises a cell culture support and a releasing solution. The releasing solution comprises DMSO.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the disclosure, a biomedical material is provided. The biomedical material includes a biocompatible material having a surface and a carrier distributed over the surface of the biocompatible material, wherein both of the biocompatible material and the carrier have no charges, one of them has charges or both of them have charges with different electricity. The biomedical material is utilized for dentistry, orthopedics, wound healing or medical beauty and applied in the repair and regeneration of various soft and hard tissues.

Abstract: In a method of forming a cellular structure, cells and a transient linker are supplied to a volume partially enclosed by a cage. The linker facilitates initial attachment of adjacent cells to form a cell aggregate. The cage defines distributed openings that are sized to retain the cell aggregate. A fluid comprising a cell culture medium is supplied to the volume. The fluid is withdrawn from the volume through the openings. Aggregated cells retained in the volume are cultured to form a cell structure. A cell culturing device is provided which comprises a conduit and a cage in the conduit. A fluid flows in the conduit. The fluid comprises the cells, the transient linker and the cell culture medium. The cage retains aggregated cells formed in the fluid, and defines distributed openings that allow the fluid to flow through.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for the propagation or cultivation of cells including preparing a cell culture substrate, wherein the cell culture substrate includes a substrate and a layer formed by surface modification. The layer includes a polymer containing an amino group. The polymer is produced by reacting a polymer represented by formula (II): with a polymer having at least one amino group, —NH2, capable of forming a Schiff base in a monomer of formula (II), thereby forming a polymer layer constituting the layer formed by surface modification. “n” in Formula (II) is 0 or a positive integer, and m is a positive integer. n and m represent the degree of polymerization. Formula (II) is formed by chemical vapor deposition of formyl[2.2]paracyclophane. The methods further include providing cells in a medium; inoculating the cells onto the cell culture substrate; and culturing the cells, wherein the cells adhere to the cell culture substrate.

Abstract: A process to facilitate growing of cells on a nanotextured percutaneous portal is provided that includes the placement of a nanotextured percutaneous portal partially within a subject. A vacuum manifold is secured to the nanotextured percutaneous portal. Upon coupling the vacuum manifold to a vacuum source, the growth of the cells is facilitated.

Abstract: A method for culturing neural cells using a culture medium is provided. Each neural cell includes a neural cell body and at least one neurite branched from the neural cell body. The culture medium includes a substrate and a carbon nanotube structure located on the substrate. A surface of the carbon nanotube structure is polarized to form a polar surface. The neural cells are cultured on the polar surface to grow neurites along the carbon nanotube wires. The carbon nanotube structure includes a number of carbon nanotube wires spaced apart from each other. A distance between adjacent carbon nanotube wires is greater than or equal to a diameter of the neural cell body.

Abstract: An artificial tissue capable of carrying necessary nutrients for maintaining activities of cells and tissues, and a method of manufacturing an artificial blood vessel. A plurality of forms of blood vessels are extracted from an image of a living tissue and made into a blood vessel form image. Each of the blood vessel forms of the blood vessel form image is adjusted and a blood vessel formation pattern is formed. A blood vessel cell culturing pattern of forming is formed, in a cell culturing layer. The blood vessel cell culturing pattern includes: a cell adhesion portion having adhesive properties with a blood vessel cell and formed to the blood vessel formation pattern; and a cell adhesion-inhibiting portion having cell adhesion-inhibiting properties for inhibiting adhesion with a blood vessel cell and formed in an area other than the cell adhesion portion. A blood vessel cell is adhered to the cell adhesion portion, and cultured into a tissue.

Abstract: Cell culture substrates are provided. Aspects of the cell culture substrate include a substrate with a surface having at least one hydrophilic region and at least one hydrophobic region, and a surfactant layer present on the surface of the substrate and configured to produce a cell-binding surface on the hydrophilic regions of the surface. Also provided are kits which include the cell culture substrate, as well as methods of producing the cell culture substrate. The cell culture substrate and methods described herein find use in a variety of applications, including single-cell culture applications.

Abstract: A cell culture article comprises a substrate having a micro-structured surface and a thin hydrophobic elastomeric coating disposed on the substrate. The coating forms a micro-structured cell culture surface and is sufficiently thin to reduce absorption of hydrophobic molecules from an aqueous medium in contact with the coating, relative to articles fabricated entirely from the hydrophobic elastomer.

Abstract: The present application provides a composition comprising porous silk fibroin scaffold material. The porous silk fibroin scaffold can be used for tissue engineering. The porosity of the silk fibroin scaffold described herein can be adjusted to mimic the gradient of densities found in natural tissue.

Abstract: A method for separating cells which includes: adhering cells to the surface of a cell culture substrate containing a photo-acid generator that generates an acidic substance upon irradiation with active energy rays, and irradiating only a partial region of the cell culture substrate with the active energy rays to selectively remove the cells within the partial region, thereby separating the cells within the partial region and cells in other regions.

Abstract: A carrier substrate for primary tissue culture has a nanotube array. A tissue culture vessel has an outer vessel and a nanotube carrier substrate with a nanotube array, located within the outer vessel, wherein the surface roughness of the nanotube array is 1 nm to 100 nm. The nanotube array is used for in vitro culturing of primary tissue in connection with a tissue culture vessel for in vitro culturing of primary tissue and a method for in vitro culturing primary tissue, wherein a nanotube array is arranged essentially horizontal inside an outer cell culture vessel, so that openings of the nanotubes point at least in upward direction, the nanotube array is contacted with cell culture medium and an isolated primary tissue sample is placed on top-side on said nanotube array.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the encapsulation of cells in biologic compatible three dimensional scaffolds and the use of such cells encapsulated in a scaffold. The cells are embedded in a charged polymer that is complex coacervating with an oppositely charged polymer within biologic compatible scaffolds. The polymer complex embedding the cells is forming an ultra thin membrane on the surface of the three dimensional scaffold.

Abstract: The present disclosure uses different kinds of surface treatment processes on titanium-made dental implants. The growth and attachment conditions of bone cells (MC3T3-E), fibroblasts (NIH 3T3) and epidermal cells (XB-2) on the metal surface of titanium slices with different surface treatments are observed. Tetra-calcium phosphate is used to perform secondary sand-blasting process to clean up the metal surface and provide calcium ions for osteoblastoma physiology. Thus, by adjusting the cells adhesive and proliferative abilities, the success rate of the clinical applications in dental implant is improved.

Abstract: The invention creates a support for cell culture and cell sheet detachment which has a substrate, whose surface is coated with a conjugate having a disulfide bond-containing amino acid as a spacer and a biopolymer enhancing cell attachment, migration or differentation. Unexpectedly, after being seeded on the support, the cells grow to form one or more layers of cell sheets and the cell sheets can be easily detached from the support by adding a reductant to cleave the disulfide bond. Accordingly, the invention provides a simple and non-toxic method for detachment of cell sheets.

Abstract: The present invention relates in one aspect to a method for determining the cell culture history of a cell unit labelled with more than one type of tag comprising the steps of: (a) measuring one or more parameters of each tag that is used to label the cell unit; (b) identifying each tag in the cell unit; and (c) correlating the identity of each tag to the identity of the cell unit and/or the specific cell culture conditions to which the cell unit has been exposed.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of making and using polymers compositions. The polymer compositions may have monomer/oligomer mixtures that may have at least one silicone monomer or oligomer and at least one non-silicone monomer or oligomer, at least one crosslinker, and/or at least one polymerization initiator. The polymer compositions are cured, after which they may be useful in bioapplications, such as for use as freestanding films or coatings on a substrate, such as a mold, for cell culture.

Abstract: A cell culture product is provided for propagating embryonic stem cells, and maintaining their self-renewal and pluripotency characteristics for extended periods of time in culture. The cell culturing product includes a substrate; and a coating thereon deposited from a coating solution. The coating solution includes a mixture of extracellular matrix proteins and an aqueous solvent, wherein the total protein concentration in the coating solution is about 10 ?g/m1 to about 1 mg/ml.

Abstract: The invention relates to an immobilized preparation of a cell adhesion protein or peptide for cell culture having a hydrophobic cell culture substrate, a cell adhesion protein or peptide and a hydrophobic binding-adsorptive polymer to which the cell adhesion protein or peptide has been covalently bound. The hydrophobic binding-adsorptive polymer to which the cell adhesion protein or peptide is covalently bound is adsorbed to the hydrophobic cell culture substrate by hydrophobic binding and not by chemical bonding. The hydrophobic binding-adsorptive polymer is a copolymer of maleic anhydride and styrene, a copolymer of maleic anhydride and butyl vinyl ether or a copolymer of maleic anhydride and hexyl vinyl ether.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for cultivating biologic cells (1), wherein cells (1) are grown on a substrate (10) having a plurality of substrate openings (11), and wherein cell aggregates (2) are formed, including groups of cells (1) that span the substrate openings (11). A separation of the cell aggregates (2) from the substrate (10) by extracting the cell aggregates (2) from the substrate openings (11) can be provided. The invention further relates to a cell-cultivating device (100), including a substrate (10) having a plurality of substrate openings (11) and cell aggregates (2) including groups of cells (1) that span the substrate openings (11). The cell aggregates (2) are particularly used in high throughput tests with biologically active substances or in methods of tissue cultivation.

Abstract: A culture medium for growing at least one kind of cells is provided. The culture medium includes a carbon nanotube structure and a cell adhesion layer. The cell adhesion layer covers one surface of the carbon nanotube structure. The at least one kind of cells grows on the cell adhesion layer. In addition, a method for manufacturing a culture medium for growing at least one kind of cells is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to collagenous polypeptide films on which cells are cultivated. In particular the invention relates to such films that are used to treat wounds such as severe burns or physical or chemical injury. The invention also related to methods for producing such films.

Abstract: A method for modifying silk polymer by coupling a chemical moiety to a tyrosine residue of a silk polymer is described herein for the purpose of altering the physical properties of the silk protein. Thus, silk proteins with desired physical properties can be produced by the methods described herein. These methods are particularly useful when the introduction of cells to a mammal is desired, since modifications to the silk protein affect the physical properties and thus the adhesion, metabolic activity and cell morphology of the desired cells. The silk protein can be modified to produce, or modify, a structure that provides an optimal environment for the desired cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods for producing synthetic surfaces that mimic collagen coated surfaces for cell culture comprising: providing a monomer source comprising one or more organic compounds which are capable of polymerization, wherein at least one organic compound is prolinol; creating a plasma of said monomer source; and contacting at least a portion of a surface with the plasma to provide a plasma polymer coated surface. Advantageously, such methods provide an animal-free, synthetic, chemically defined surface that mimics a collagen coated surface for cell culture. Advantageously, such methods not only reduce the cost and/or issues associated with animal-derived collagen but are also amenable to large scale manufacturing.

Abstract: A coated microcarrier for cell culture includes a microcarrier base and a polymeric coating grafted to the base via a polymerization initiator. A method for forming the coated microcarrier includes (i) conjugating a polymerization initiator to the microcarrier base to form an initiator-conjugated microcarrier base; (ii) contacting the initiator-conjugated microcarrier base with monomers; and (iii) activating the initiator to initiate polymerization and graft the polymer to the base.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to supports and scaffolds for cell and tissue engineering. The supports disclosed herein are composed of a thermally responsive material, containing pillars, that is coated with an acrylic polymer, thereby imparting an amphipathic matrix foundation. When exposed to a change in temperature, the coated support reacts by facilitating or repelling hydromolecular interactions. Further disclosed herein are methods for making hydrogels that can support tissue growth.

Abstract: A polymer that changes hydration at a temperature between 0 to 80° C. is coated on the surface of a cell culture support, and islet cells are cultured on the support at a temperature range that causes polymer to have weak hydration, then the temperature of a culture solution is changed to a temperature that causes the polymer to have strong hydration to obtain islet cells in a sheet form. Such islet cells in a sheet form have an insulin producing function even if there is no blood flow.

Abstract: A cell culture product is provided for propagating embryonic stem cells, and maintaining their self-renewal and pluripotency characteristics for extended periods of time in culture. The cell culturing, product includes a substrate; and a coating thereon deposited, from a coating solution. The coating solution includes a mixture of extracellular matrix proteins and an aqueous solvent, wherein the total protein concentration in the coating solution is about 10 ?g/ml to about 1 mg/ml.

Abstract: A method for forming a nerve graft includes the following steps. A carbon nanotube structure is provided. A hydrophilic layer is formed on a surface of the carbon nanotube structure. The hydrophilic layer is polarized to form a polar surface on the hydrophilic layer. A number of neurons are formed on the polar surface of the hydrophilic layer to form a nerve network. The neurons connect with each other.

Abstract: A silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon thin film, a fabrication method thereof, and its use are disclosed. The silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon thin film comprises a chemical bond between carbon and silicon atoms present on a surface of the silicon-incorporated diamond-like carbon thin film comprising silicon incorporated within and on the surface thereof with an atom providing hydrophilicity to the surface of the thin film on the surface of the thin film.

Abstract: Cell attachment coatings for articles such as implantable medical devices and cell culture vessels are disclosed. The coatings include an intermediate coater layer which includes a sulfonated component that is bonded in the coating by reacted aryl ketone functional groups. The coating also include a second coated layer including an immobilized ECM protein or peptide that includes an active portion of an ECM protein that is able to serve as an outer layer to contact cells during use. The coatings promoted enhanced cell binding and growth.