Abstract: A determination method for determining reliability of a selective binding amount of a substance to be examined obtained as detection intensity of a label when a labeled substance to be examined binds to a selective binding substance fixed as a spot on a carrier includes: determining a position of the spot in image data obtained by imaging the detection intensity in the carrier and extracting a pixel group corresponding to the spot; calculating a ratio or a difference between a median value of the detection intensity of the pixel group extracted at the determining and a median value of the detection intensity of the pixel group excluding a certain top proportion of and/or a certain bottom proportion of pixels; and determining quality of the reliability based on the ratio or the difference calculated at the calculating and a certain reference value.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention relate to methods of treatment, and to kits and systems for the same including materials for determining that an individual is susceptible to cancer and if warranted treating the patient of cancer or initiating a monitoring strategy and/or taking a preventive action. Therapeutic and preventive interventions include, treating the patient with a PARR inhibitors and/or laprascopic oophorectomy. The invention also relates to systems and methods of genotyping an individual, and to methods of identifying a patent with a higher than normal likelihood of developing cancer and/or genetically related individuals or groups at heighten risk for developing cancer, particularly ovarian cancer.

Abstract: Methods for proteomic screening on random protein-bead arrays by mass spec is described. Photocleavable mass tags are utilized to code a protein library (bait molecules) displayed on beads randomly arrayed in an array substrate. A library of probes (prey) can be mixed with the protein-bead array to query the array. Because mass spec can detect multiple mass tags, it is possible to rapidly identify all of the interactions resulting from this mixing.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods, and related compositions for identifying a putative essential gene which serves as an antibiotic target in a bacterium, the method, in some embodiments, comprising (a) generating an antibiotic resistant mutant of the bacterium by a method comprising the step of selecting for growth in the presence of an antibiotic to produce an antibiotic resistant mutant clone (AbR mutant); (b) transforming the AbR mutant with one or more essential genes of the bacterium and a transposon which insertionally inactivates bacterial DNA to produce a pool of transposon mutants which are merodiploid for the one or more essential genes; (c) growing bacteria from the merodiploid pool in the presence of different amounts of the antibiotic to produce two or more test cultures; and (d) comparing the distribution of transposon insertions between the test cultures to identify a putative essential gene serving as a target of the antibiotic in the bacterium.

Abstract: A vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus specific primer set, a composition including the primer set, and a method of detecting a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. microorganism in a sample using the primer set.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods of altering/improving Durum wheat phenotypes. Furthermore, methods of breeding Durum wheat and/or other closely related species to produce plants having altered or improved phenotypes are provided.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions comprising N-substituted sulfonyloxybenzylamines and methods of using such compositions to impart anti-aging benefits to the skin are disclosed. The N-substituted sulfonyloxybenzylamines are believed to have modulatory activity against one or more biochemical pathways implicated in skin aging.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acid fragments encoding amino acid sequences for organic acid biosynthetic enzymes in plants, and the use thereof for the modification of, for example, organic acid biosynthesis and secretion in plants. In particularly preferred embodiments, the invention relates to the combinatorial expression of citrate synthase (CS) and/or malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and/or phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) in plants to modify, for example, organic acid synthesis and secretion.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the enhancement of the osteogenic potential of bone graft by ex vivo treatment with a Wnt polypeptide, such as a liposomal Wnt polypeptide.

Abstract: A method of amplifying RNA in a sample and a method of amplifying a pool of RNA is provided. Gene loss and amplification bias may be reduced using the methods. Also, directionality may be preserved in the amplified RNA. The methods may be applied in sequence analysis as well as in general molecular diagnostic areas.

Abstract: Immunogenic compositions containing Escherichia coli O157:H7 flagella including fusion proteins and methods using the immunogenic compositions are disclosed. Inducing an immune response in an animal to Escherichia coli O157:H7 flagella will result in prevention of colonization by Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the animal or a reduction in the amount of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infecting the animal. The immune composition will prevent or reduce the attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to cells within the animal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a commercializable cell and to a gene reporter assay method and a kit which use this cell to determine the presence and/or the level of a molecule that activates signal transduction activity of a cell surface protein. This cell is treated in such a manner that it will have a sufficiently long shelf life for its intended purpose, whereupon at the end of its useful shelf life or at the end of its use, i.e., in an assay, the cell undergoes cellular death.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for diagnosing cornification disorders and metabolic diseases. More specifically, the present invention relates to an in vitro method for diagnosing and/or predicting a cornification disorder in a subject, comprising determining the presence or the absence of a genetic variation in the Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 1 (PNPLA1) gene sequence in a biological sample from said subject, as compared with the PNPLA1 gene sequence of a healthy non-carrier subject, wherein the presence of said genetic variation indicates that said subject suffers from or is at risk of suffering from said cornification disorder. The method according to the invention allows for example diagnosing ichthyosis in dogs of the Golden Retriever breed.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for testing a factor for cardiogenicity which comprises differentiating human embryonic stem (hES) cells to cardiomyocytes in the presence and absence of the factor wherein the human embryonic stem (hES) cells are cultured under a serum free condition comprising co-culture in the presence of END-2 cells or serum-free extracellular medium therefrom, and measuring the differentiation in the presence and absence of the factor. This invention also provides a method for identifying a cardiogenic factor, which comprises differentiating human embryonic stem (hES) cells to cardiomyocytes in the presence or absence of the factor wherein the human embryonic stem (hES) cells are cultured under a serum free condition comprising co-culture in the presence of END-2 cells or serum-free extracellular medium therefrom, and identifying the factor that affects the differentiation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells to cardiomyocytes in the presence or absence of the factor.

Abstract: AS-oligonucleotides are delivered in microsphere form in order to induce dendritic cell tolerance, particularly in the non-obese-diabetic (NOD) mouse model. The microspheres incorporate antisense (AS) oligonucleotides. A process includes using an antisense approach to prevent an autoimmune diabetes condition in NOD mice in vivo and in situ. The oligonucleotides are targeted to bind to primary transcripts CD40, CD80, CD86 and their combinations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for obtaining a bifunctional complex comprising a display molecule part and a coding part, wherein a nascent bifuntional complex comprising a chemical reaction site and a priming site for enzymatic addition of a tag is reacted at the chemical reaction site with one or more reactants, and provided with respective tag(s) identifying the reactant(s) at the priming site is using one or more enzymes.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are drawn to methods and compositions for the genetic analysis of regions of interest (ROI) from one or more starting polynucleotide sample(s). In certain aspects, adapter tagged polynucleotide fragments from a plurality of initial polynucleotide samples are pooled, circularized and amplified to produce an immortalized library. Multiple ROI's from this immortalized library are amplified (e.g., in independent iPCR reactions) to generate amplicons, and, in some embodiments, pooled to form a pooled ROI amplicon sample. In certain embodiments, the amplicons for each ROI amplicon in the pooled ROI amplicon sample are present at known molar or mass ratios. The pooled ROI amplicon sample can be analyzed/processed as desired, e.g., sequenced using next generation sequencing technology.

Abstract: Herein are described multicolor FISH probe sets termed “genetic barcodes” targeting several cancer or disease-related loci to assess gene rearrangements and copy number changes in tumor cells. Two, three or more different fluorophores are used to detect the genetic barcode sections thus permitting unique labeling and multilocus analysis in individual cell nuclei. Gene specific barcodes can be generated and combined to provide both numerical and structural genetic information for these and other pertinent disease associated genes.

Abstract: The objective is to provide a novel process for synthesizing a cyclic peptide compound. It is also an objective to provide a novel cyclic peptide compound. The novel process for synthesizing a cyclic peptide compound comprises the steps of: (1) translationally synthesizing a non-cyclic peptide compound having in a molecule a functional group 1 and a functional group 2, which are a pair of functional groups capable of reacting to form a bond, and (2) cyclizing the non-cyclic peptide compound by the reaction of the functional groups 1 and 2 to form a bond. The novel cyclic peptide compound can be synthesized by the process.

Abstract: Method of regulating the stability and/or the level of the fusion protein PLZF/RARA are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for identifying an agent as a regulator of the stability and/or the level of the fusion protein PLZF/RARA. Methods for identifying a therapeutic agent for treating PLZF/RARA-associated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for predicting or determining the sensitivity of a cell and/or biological sample obtained from a subject to a DHFR inhibitor including, for example, an antifolate such as Methotrexate or Pemetrexed. Such methods may comprise determining the expression level of one or more miRNAs (e.g., one or more members of the miR-181 and/or miR-143 families) in a cell or biological sample. The methods may be used to determine the responsiveness of a subject to treatment with a DHFR inhibitor.

Abstract: The invention relates to design of short oligonucleotides and analogs thereof (such as, di-, and trinucleotide compounds) useful for various therapeutic applications. It is believed that the compounds of the invention can be used as antiviral agents, anticancer agents and so on. In certain embodiments, the compounds of the invention can modulate immune-stimulatory pathways and non-TLR pathways. The invention also relates to design modified oligonucleotides for therapeutic applications, by excluding nucleotide segments having off-target effects from the modified oligonucleotides. In another aspect, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of the invention. It is believed that the compounds and compositions as described herein have therapeutic utility against a variety of diseases, including viral diseases, autoimmune diseases (such as, allergy, asthma, and inflammatory disorders) and cancer.

Abstract: It was found that bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon. Moreover, the present inventors found that regulatory T cells (Treg cells) induced by from these bacteria suppressed proliferation of effector T-cells. From these findings, the present inventors found that the use of bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium or a physiologically active substance derived therefrom made it possible to induce proliferation or accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and further to suppress immune functions.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition including at least one epigenome-modifying compound, for a use thereof in the treatment of genetic muscular diseases linked to a conformational disorder of at least one protein, said disorder causing the cellular degradation of the protein.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of medicine. The invention provides methods for generating glatiramer-acetate-specific human T-cell lines, and assays that use these T-cell lines for demonstrating immunological identity between glatiramer acetate preparations. These assays allow sensitive and accurate comparison of glatiramer acetate preparations, and find utility as lot-release assays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the BAD pathway's influence on development, progression, chemo-sensitivity, and overall survival for multiple human cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target to increase chemo-sensitivity. BAD pathway expression was associated with the development and/or progression of breast, colon, and endometrial cancers, relapse-free survival from breast cancer, and overall survival from ovarian, colon, and brain cancers. Expression was also associated with in vitro sensitivity to a range of cytotoxic agents. pBAD levels were higher in cancer versus immortalized normal cells and chemo-resistant versus—sensitive cancer cells and associated with increased cell proliferation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the invention relates to methods for assessing an individual's susceptibility or pre-disposition to Alzheimer's disease. The methods of the present invention involve the use of therapeutic targets and diagnostic and/or predictive markers within the mTOR signalling pathway. The methods also involve screening subjects for genetic polymorphisms associated with rapamycin-sensitive genes.

Abstract: A system, a composition, a method and a kit for identifying anti-bacterial agents are provided. The invention described herein is useful in identifying inhibitors of any bacterial stress response. Moreover, the invention can be applied to any sRNA and its target, any transcription factor and its target, and any transcription factor/sRNA pair (i.e., a transcription factor that regulates a sRNA). In particular, the present invention provides a system, a composition, a method and a kit for the identification of cyclic peptides that block the ?E pathway in Escherichia coli.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, compositions, and kits for isolating actively translated mRNA from heterogeneous cell populations. Also disclosed herein are methods, compositions, and kits for identifying cell types that respond to stimuli in heterogeneous cell populations.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. In particular, LFA-1 antagonists are described herein and these antagonists are used in the treatment of LFA-1 mediated diseases. One aspect of the invention provides for diagnosis of an LFA-1 mediated disease and administration of a LFA-1 antagonist, after the patient is diagnosed with a LFA-1 mediated disease. In some embodiments, the LFA-1 mediated diseases treated are dry eye disorders. Also provided herein are methods for identifying compounds which are LFA-1 antagonists.

Abstract: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing in many organisms by a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). Using a Drosophila in vitro system, we demonstrate that 19-23 nt short RNA fragments are the sequence-specific mediators of RNAi. The short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are generated by an RNase III-like processing reaction from long dsRNA. Chemically synthesized siRNA duplexes with overhanging 3? ends mediate efficient target RNA cleavage in the lysate, and the cleavage site is located near the center of the region spanned by the guiding siRNA. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the direction of dsRNA processing determines whether sense or antisense target RNA can be cleaved by the produced siRNP complex.

Abstract: Methods for identifying new therapeutic activities for known therapeutic agents, as well as systems for practicing the same, are provided. Aspects of the invention further include are methods and compositions for the treatment of an acute graft rejection (AR).

Abstract: The invention provides therapeutic and prophylactic compounds and methods for altering the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (e.g. PDK1, PDK2, PDK3, PDK4). Such therapies are useful for the treatment of neoplasia. The invention further provides therapeutic and prophylactic compounds and methods of altering pyruvate dehydrogenase activity to treat or prevent cell death related to ischemia.

Abstract: This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of determining the risk of drug induced teratogenicity using pluripotent stem cells.

Abstract: It is an object of the instant invention to provide a method for the rapid evaluation of novel sugar modifications to be used in siRNA synthesis including the rapid evaluation of chemical modification patterns within the siRNA to effectuate increased stability and ultimately increased efficacy of a siRNA therapeutic. It is a further object of the instant invention to provide novel nucleosides useful for siRNA therapy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and detecting diseases associated with colon. The present invention provides one or more proteins or fragments thereof, peptides or nucleic acid molecules differentially expressed in colon diseases (CCAT) and antibodies binds to CCAT. The present invention provides that CCAT is used as targets for screening agents that modulates the CCAT activities. Further the present invention provides methods for treating diseases associated with colon.

Abstract: Dendritic cell precursor populations, dendritic cell populations derived therefrom, methods for isolating, expanding and using are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for screening an AMPK activator, wherein inhibition of an interaction between prohibitin and AMPK is used as an index is provided. Besides, an AMPK activator comprising, as an active ingredient, a compound inhibiting an interaction between prohibitin and AMPK, and a prohibitin-AMPK complex are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the prevention or treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for determining the impact of a production step or a purification step on the presence or nature of pro-inflammatory contaminating molecules in glucose polymers or the hydrolysates of same by using an in vitro test of inflammatory response using cell lines. It further concerns an optimised method of producing or purifying glucose polymers or the hydrolysates of same comprising an analysis of the pro-inflammatory contaminating molecules in glucose polymers or the hydrolysates of same and the selection of production or purification steps optimised with respect to the presence and nature of the pro-inflammatory contaminating molecules.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of screening brain tumor patients for treatment with inhibitor of CSF-1R, based on differential gene expression including adrenomeduUin (ADM), arginase 1 (ARG1), clotting factor F13A1, mannose receptor C type 1 (MRC1/CD206), and protease inhibitor SERPINB2 after treatment with the inhibitor. Based on the same differential gene expression profile, the present invention also provides a method of screening a compound to treat brain cancer.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for restoring a neural cell having a deficiency or alteration in glutamatergic pathway affecting neuron and/or glial function comprising contacting the cell with a NMDA receptor antagonist(s) and/or modulator(s) of a glutamatergic pathway, thereby restoring the neural cell having a deficiency or alteration in glutamatergic pathways affecting neuron and/or glial function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to small RNAs, inhibitors thereof, inhibitors of enzymes producing thereof, and their use to modulate the response of a cell to a DNA damaging event. The invention concerns also a method to detect the presence or quantify DNA damage.

Abstract: The invention relates to immunomodulation of cells and the detection and use thereof, for example, in drug screening, including methods, compositions and systems therefor, or in an aspect of healthcare, such as prognosis, diagnosis, an aspect of treatment, monitoring, and the like, and methods, compositions, and systems therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates in some aspects to super-enhancers and related compositions, methods, and agents that are useful for modulating expression of cell type-specific genes that are required for maintenance of cell identity (e.g., embryonic stem cell identity) or maintenance of a disease state (e.g., cancer).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions and kits for modulating DSB repair processes in a subject in need thereof. More specifically, the invention provides the use of compounds that modulate the expression or activity of at least one APOBEC family member for modulating DSB repair processes.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of treating a meiotic kinase-associated disease, preferably the meiotic kinase HSET, by administering an inhibitor of the meiotic kinase. Preferably, the disease is associated with the presence of supernumerary centrosomes, such as cancer. Methods of inhibiting the growth of a tumor cell by contacting the cell with an inhibitor of a meiotic kinase, preferably HSET, are also provided. Screening methods for identifying inhibitors of the meiotic Kinase HSET are also provided. Methods of selecting subjects for treatment with an inhibitor of a meiotic kinase, such as HSET, are also provides.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the use of an inhibitor of an interaction between type IV pilus-associated protein and CD147 for preventing or treating meningoccal bacteraemia and/or infection. The present invention also relates to the combined use of such inhibitor and of an anti-bacterial compound, such as one used to prevent or treat a meningococcal infection. The invention also relates to a method for the prevention and/or treatment of meningococcal bacteraemia and/or infection, and to a method for screening inhibitors of the interaction between type IV pilus-associated protein and CD147.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in vitro method for identifying agents capable of inducing respiratory sensitization in a mammal and arrays and diagnostic kits for use in such methods. In particular, the methods include measurement of the expression of the biomarkers listed in Table 1A, Table 1B and/or Table 1C in MUTZ-3 cells exposed to a test agent.