Abstract: Methods for detecting and evaluating the quality of protein crystals are provided comprising subjecting a sample to second order non-linear optical imaging and detecting the second harmonic generation signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for accurately discriminating between prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia based on a glycan structure of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The method of the present invention includes the steps of: purifying PSA from a sample derived from a subject; preparing a PSA derivative from the PSA; labeling the PSA derivative; and analyzing the labeled PSA derivative by the mass spectrometry method, in which the subject is identified as having prostate carcinoma when the ratio of the signal intensity of fucose-unbound glycan to the signal intensity of fucose-bound glycan in the labeled PSA derivative is greater than 1.0, and identified as having benign prostatic hyperplasia when the ratio is 1.0 or less.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an apparatus for structural mapping of a macromolecule comprising an amount of persulfide effective to generate hydroxyl radicals upon contact with an aqueous solution. The present invention further relates to methods for structural mapping a macromolecule in an aqueous solution and methods for structural mapping a plurality of macromolecules in parallel, wherein each macromolecule is in a separate aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and systems for adding a reagent to an analyte in a gel. The invention further provides methods and systems for transferring liquid analyte reagent mixtures from a gel to a second vessel, such as a microtitre plate. The invention is useful in the manipulation of biological molecules such as nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins and peptides. In particular, the invention has utility for manipulating proteins and peptides in isoelectric focusing gels.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing or monitoring a psychotic disorder, or predisposition thereto, comprises measuring, in a sample taken from a subject, the level of a biomarker selected from clusterin precursor, inter ?-trypsin inhibitor, IgM, apolipoprotein A2 and ?2 H5 glycoprotein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of predicting pregnancy outcome in a subject by determining the amount of an early pregnancy associated molecular isoform of hCG in a sample. The present invention further provides a method for determining the amount of early pregnancy associated molecular isoforms of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in a sample. The present invention also provides a diagnostic kit for determining the amount of early pregnancy associated hCG in a sample. The present invention additionally provides an antibody which specifically binds to an early pregnancy associated molecular isoform of human chorionic gonadotropin. Finally, the present invention provides methods for detecting trophoblast or non-trophoblast malignancy in a sample.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for diagnosing, detecting, or monitoring neural disease, conditions, or disorders involving detection of soluble E-cadherin.

Abstract: The invention provides a porous nanoscale membrane. In one embodiment, the membrane can be used as a filtration device to screen agents that disrupt or prevent molecular interactions. In one embodiment, the membrane allows for screening agents that disrupt or prevent molecular interactions using a small sample volume with efficient high-throughput screening applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for analysis of one or more glycated proteins in a sample, the glycated proteins containing moieties of a natural reducing carbohydrate bound at one or more glycation sites in the proteins, the method comprising: treating the sample with a stable isotopic form of said carbohydrate which is different in mass from the natural carbohydrate, whereby the isotopic form becomes incorporated by glycation in one or more proteins in the sample, and one or more of said proteins are accordingly glycated by the natural reducing carbohydrate and by the isotopic form of the carbohydrate at identical glycation sites; and identifying and/or quantifying the glycated proteins by the difference in mass between the natural carbohydrate and the isotopic form of the carbohydrate at identical glycation sites.

Abstract: The invention is directed to biomarkers for determining the EGFR kinase activity in a subject, and the use thereof for predicting and monitoring therapeutic intervention in cancer patients. Areas of application are the life sciences: biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, medicine and medical technology. The biomarkers are selected from a first group consisting of Amy 1, Apo Al, Carbx, Casp, AFP, ApoM, SAP, Fib-a, Fib-b, Fib-g, ApoE, A2MG, A2MG isoform, Serpin, Clusterin, MHC-fB, SAP isoform, or from a second group consisting of Gpx3, properidin, MUP1, HMW-K, Lifr-p, Orm 1, MBL-A, MBP-C, wherein the biomarkers are regulated by EGF overexpression in a subject.

Abstract: Novel chemical compounds, with application in fluorometric analytical methods, for qualitative and quantitative determination of biomolecules. The aim of the invention is to identify and prove the suitability of such compounds. Said aim is achieved with compounds of formula (1) where R? is an antenna function, R2 is a chelate forming agent, containing a coordinated lanthanide(III)ion, X is —OH or a group with affinity for the biomolecule, bonded to a carboxylate group of the chelate forming agent by means of an amide bond and Y is —H or a group with affinity for the biomolecule, coupled to the antenna function.

Abstract: Ultrasensitive detection of a chemical substance (analyte) by mass spectrometry is achieved by employing a molecular tag that yields an intense parent ion and then an intense daughter ion in a multi-stage mass spectrometer.

Abstract: The determination (test, diagnosis) of pancreatic cancer can be performed with high accuracy by detecting a fucosylated sugar chain (N-glycan) present in a specific site of the human haptoglobin and using an amount of the fucosylated sugar chain as a tumor marker for pancreatic cancer.

Abstract: Novel fluorescent derivitization reagents are described that are suitable for coupling to biomolecules that contain aldehyde or ketone functional groups. In one embodiment is provided reagents that have the following formula: wherein Q is carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, or sulfonyl, and R5 is -L-Z; L is arylene, or a C1-6 perfluoroalkylene, or a single covalent bond; Z is a carbonyl hydrazide, hydrazide, sulfonyl hydrazide, or a thiocarbonyl hydrazide; R11-R14 are independently H, C1-6alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 perfluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkylamino, di(C2-12-alkyl)amino, amino, carboxy, cyano, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, phenyl, or sulfo; and R21-R24 are independently H, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C1-6 perfluoroalkyl, C1-6 alkylamino, di(C2-12-alkyl)amino, amino, carboxy, cyano, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, phenyl, sulfo, or -L-Z. The method of treating a sample with the derivativization reagents is described.

Abstract: A method and system for classifying subject populations utilizing predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for type I diabetes mellitus. The method including determining the levels of a variety of markers within the serum or plasma of a target organism and correlating this level to general populations as a screen for predisposition or progressive monitoring of disease presence or predisposition.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting the presence of biomolecules in a sample using biosensors that incorporate resonators which have functionalized surfaces for reacting with target biomolecules. In one embodiment, a device includes a piezoelectric resonator having a functionalized surface configured to react with target molecules, thereby changing the mass and/or charge of the resonator which consequently changes the frequency response of the resonator. The resonator's frequency response after exposure to a sample is compared to a reference, such as the frequency response before exposure to the sample, a stored baseline frequency response or a control resonator's frequency response.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of labeling of cellular glycans bearing azide groups via a fluorescent labeling technique based on Cu(I)-catalyzed [3+2]cycloaddition (click activation) of a probe comprising an alkynyl group. The method entails generating a fluorescent probe from a nonfluorescent precursor, 4-ethynyl-N-ethyl-1,8-naphthalimide, by Cu(I)-catalyzed [3+2]cycloaddition of the alkyne group of the probe with an azido-modified sugar. The disclosure further provides a method of incorporating an azido-containing fucose analog into glycoconjugates via the fucose salvage pathway. The disclosure provides a method of fluorescent visualization of fucosylated cells by flow cytometry when cells treated with 6-azidofucose are labeled with the click-activated fluorogenic probe or biotinylated alkyne. A method of visualizing the intracellular localization of fucosylated glycoconjugates by fluorescence microscopy is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or determining glomerulonephritis or an associated disorder in a mammal are described. In particular, methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or determining glomerulonephritis or an associated disorder using measured concentrations of a combination of three or more analytes in a test sample taken from the mammal are described.

Abstract: Methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or determining obstructive uropathy or an associated disorder in a mammal are described. In particular, methods and devices for diagnosing, monitoring, or determining obstructive uropathy or an associated disorder using measured concentrations of a combination of three or more analytes in a test sample taken from the mammal are described.

Abstract: There is provided a membrane electrophoresis which renders possible glycan analysis of polysaccharide and glycoprotein by separating protein, glycoprotein or polysaccharide by electrophoresis, followed by carrying out a glycan-releasing treatment of the membrane used in the electrophoresis, or a membrane electrophoresis which renders possible detection of the same by an immunostaining which uses an antibody, wherein a layer containing a hydrophilic polymer is formed on a hydrophobic polymer membrane by coating the hydrophilic polymer on the whole surface of the hydrophobic polymer membrane or by soaking the hydrophobic polymer membrane in a solution of the hydrophilic polymer, which is used as a substrate for electrophoresis.

Abstract: A method for differentiating between a post-translationally modified peptide and a peptide contained in a sample, comprising: (a) contacting the sample with a peptide attachment surface to create a peptidized surface, wherein the sample includes at least one functional group; (b) contacting the peptidized surface with a recognition reagent that selectively binds or forms a complex with the post-translationally modified peptide in the sample to provide an incubated surface; and (c) contacting a liquid crystal with the incubated surface and detecting presence of post-translationally modified peptide in the sample with the liquid crystal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides attractin/mahogany-like polypeptides and fragments thereof, polynucleotides encoding such polypeptides and fragments, processes for production of recombinant forms of such polypeptides, antibodies generated against these polypeptides or fragments, and assays and methods employing these polypeptides, antibodies, and polynucleotides.

Abstract: The invention provides fibronectin type III (Fn3)-based binding molecules that bind to a specific target antigen. The invention further provides bispecific Fn3-based binding molecules that bind to two or more targets simultaneously. The Fn3-based binding molecules of the invention can also be linked together to form multispecific Fn3-based binding molecules, and/or can be conjugated to a non-Fn3 moiety, such as, Human Serum Albumin (HSA), for improved half life and stability. The invention also provides methods for generating, screening and using Fn3-based binding molecules in a variety of therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The invention provides, inter alia, methods, devices and reagents for the preparation of native and non-denatured biomolecules using solid-phase extraction channels. The invention is particularly suited for the purification, concentration and/or analysis of protein analytes. The invention further provides, inter alia, methods, devices and reagents for the purification, concentration and/or analysis of multi-protein complexes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting the presence of biomolecules in a sample using biosensors that incorporate resonators which have functionalized surfaces for reacting with target biomolecules. In one embodiment, a device includes a piezoelectric resonator having a functionalized surface configured to react with target molecules, thereby changing the mass and/or charge of the resonator which consequently changes the frequency response of the resonator. The resonator's frequency response after exposure to a sample is compared to a reference, such as the frequency response before exposure to the sample, a stored baseline frequency response or a control resonator's frequency response.

Abstract: Compositions and methods which indicate an increased risk for pancreatic carcinoma are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of modifying protein samples that comprises combining the sample with a peroxycarbonate solution and inserting the sample into a mass spectrometer. The present invention also includes methods of N-terminus characterization.

Abstract: A method of controllably changing an intrinsic property of a quantum dot by using a biological entity, either attached or in close proximity to the quantum dot, and changing the state of biological entity with a controllable mechanism. The change in state of the biological entity controllably changes the intrinsic property of the quantum dot. The photoluminescence emission of quantum dots can be controlled by the present method. The methods disclosed include controlling the magnitude of QD photoluminescence as well as turning the photoluminescence on/off. The methods disclosed include using the same biological control architecture to control other intrinsic QD properties such as charge state, magnetic or other property.

Abstract: A crystal comprising the collagen binding domain of human GPVI is provided and defined by structural atomic coordinates. Employing computer modeling based on the crystal structure, including methods for identifying inhibitors of GPVI collagen binding activity, methods for screening libraries of compounds for potential to bind to the GPVI collagen binding domain, and methods of identifying a compound useful for the treatment of a GPVI-mediated disorder, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel synthetic blocking reagents for the reduction of non-specific bindings in solid phase assays that rely on biological and specific recognition, e.g., in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The invention provides the use of compounds as blocking reagents as well as kits comprising these compounds. The compounds comprise one or more poly(ethylene glycol) moieties, one or more alkyl- or aminoalkyl groups and another unit bridging the aforementioned groups, wherein the compound comprises at least one amino group.

Abstract: The invention includes a nucleic acid having a sequence at least 98% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 1, which encodes the ? subunit of canine thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). The invention also includes a nucleic acid having a sequence at least 98% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 2, which encodes the ? subunit of canine TSH. The invention also includes a method of producing a recombinant canine thyroid stimulating hormone (rcTSH) subunit by expressing a nucleic acid having a sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and a nucleic acid having a sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 in a transgenic insect cell modified to sialylate proteins and producing a sialylated rcTSH subunit. The insect cell may be a lepidopteran cell. The rcTSH may be used for diagnosis and treatment. It may be used to diagnose canine hypothyroidism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of analyzing albumin in a sample solution, which is characterized by pretreating a sample solution before subjecting the sample solution to mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography. The present invention further provides a method of accurately and stably analyzing the amount and ratio of oxidized and reduced albumin in a sample solution, and an albumin standard accurate and controlled quantitative analysis of albumin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for assessing heart failure in vitro comprising the steps of measuring in a sample the concentration of the marker IGFBP-7, of optionally measuring in the sample the concentration of one or more other marker(s) of heart failure, and of assessing heart failure by comparing the concentration determined in for IGFBP-7 and the concentration(s) determined for the optionally one or more other marker to the concentration of this marker or these markers as established in a reference population. Also disclosed are the use of IGFBP-7 as a marker protein in the assessment of heart failure, a marker combination comprising IGFBP-7 and a kit for measuring IGFBP-7.

Abstract: Methods for identifying and measuring pharmacodynamic biomarkers of neuropsychiatric disease, and for monitoring a subject's response to treatment. For example, materials and methods for monitoring the effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation in a subject having a neuropsychiatric disease are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides technologies for enriching, detecting, and/or quantifying phosphorylated glycans and/or glycoconjugates (e.g., glycopeptides, glycolipids, proteoglycans, etc.). Specifically, the present disclosure provides methods that utilize immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) to isolate and/or to characterize phosphorylated glycans. The present disclosure particularly provides methods for distinguishing sulfated and phosphorylated glycans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for providing a diagnosis, prognosis and/or risk stratification of a subject with heart failure, comprising determining the concentration of osteopontin (OPN) in the biological sample, preferably in a plasma sample. An OPN cut-off value is discloses as a valuable reference value. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of osteopontin as marker for diagnosis, prognosis and/or risk stratification of a subject with heart failure, the use of the determination of the osteopontin plasma concentration in a biological sample of a subject for diagnosis, prognosis and/or risk stratification of heart failure as well as kits for performing the methods and uses of the invention. The present invention allows particularly for risk stratification of patients with heart failure, such as mortality prediction and prognosis of heart failure severity.

Abstract: Presented herein are methods, devices and kits for the mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) of proteins present in complex biological fluids or extracts. Pipettor tips containing porous solid supports that are covalently derivatized with affinity ligand and used to extract specific proteins and their variants from various biological fluids. Nonspecifically bound compounds are rinsed from the extraction devices using a series of buffer and water rinses, after which the wild type protein (and/or its variants) are eluted directly onto a target in preparation for analysis such as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Mass spectrometry of the eluted sample then follows with the retained proteins identified via accurate molecular mass determination.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions useful for identifying a subject's predisposition to a gastrointestinal disease or disorder.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for characterizing complex polymeric mixture of interest. Candidate solutions are eliminated from a solution space using one or more experimental measurements of a polymeric mixture of interest. The elimination step can be repeated one or more times using different experimental measurements produced by various chemical and physical protocols, so that the remaining candidate solutions converge to describe the actual polymeric mixture under investigation. Once the composition of the complex polymeric mixture has been characterized, the information thus generated can be used to facilitate, for example, the manufacture of a bio-equivalent of the complex polymeric mixture.

Abstract: A device for biochemical processing and analysis of a measured sample volume of a sample is described. The device is characterised in that it consists of a sealed vessel (1) and that it comprises at least one thin pierceable membrane (2) through which a capillary tube (3) containing said measured sample volume of a sample can pass into said sealed vessel (1). Said sealed vessel (1) further contains at least one biochemically reactive substance (4) and a liquid (6). A method, wherein the device according to the invention is used for analysis, is also described.

Abstract: A plurality of markers determine the diagnosis of a mood disorder based on their expression in a sample such as blood. Subsets of biomarkers predict the diagnosis of high or low mood disorders. The biomarkers are identified using a convergent functional genomics approach based on animal and human data. Methods and compositions for clinical diagnosis of mood disorders are provided.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing detection by mass spectroscopy (MS) and/or chromatographic separability of carbonyl-containing compounds such as steroids are disclosed. Reaction of a carbonyl compound with a sulfonhydrazide compound provides a sulfonhydrazone with enhanced ionization efficiency during the electrospray ionization process. In a particularly disclosed embodiment, derivatization of catechol estrogens with p-toluenesulfonhydrazide enhances both detection by atmospheric pressure ionization-MS (API-MS), such as electron spray ionization-MS (ESI-MS) and separation by liquid chromatography (such as HPLC) under reverse phase conditions. In yet other embodiments, the sulfonhydrazone is further reacted with a sulfonyl halide under alkaline conditions to derivatize hydroxyl groups in the compound. Prior formation of the sulfonhydrazide derivative protects the carbonyl bond of the compound during subsequent alkaline reaction with the sulfonyl halide.

Abstract: Procedure for the quantitative determination of interactions of ligands with receptors adsorbed or immobilized on the surface of a solid material which can be functionalized, transparent and with low refractive index, by direct measure of the reflection of light.

Abstract: This invention relates to Huntington's disease and more specifically to methods for testing and inhibiting the development of Huntington's disease.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of homeostasis analysis. More particularly, it relates to systems and methods for analyzing persistent homeostatic perturbations, i.e. chronic stress, by measuring levels of biomarkers that are related to chronic stress. This invention is also directed to systems and methods for analyzing the molecular mechanisms of chronic stress.

Abstract: Use of urine and serum biomarkers in diagnosing diabetic nephropathy, staging diabetic nephropathy, monitoring diabetic nephropathy progress, and assessing efficacy of diabetic nephropathy treatments. These biomarkers include urine precursor alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, urine alpha-1 antitrypsin, urine alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, urine osteopontin, serum osteopontin, their fragments, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses new nanoassembled complexes consisting of a central nucleus formed by a high-affinity interaction from nucleic acids and avidin, wherein said nucleus is stabilized in aqueous solutions, even saline, and protected from further unspecific unwanted interactions by means of suitable polymeric agents capable to mask totally or partially the nucleus itself. The nanocomplexes obtained have been shown to be stable in aqueous solutions and to have nanoparticle features. In addition, the nano-complexes have shown characteristics useful for use in biotechnological field and in nanomedicine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for screening a patient to be administered with a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an anti-cancer antibody as an active ingredient, said method comprising collecting samples from patients who expresses an antigen which is recognized by the anti-cancer antibody, measuring cadherin function in the samples, and selecting a patient whose the cadherin function is decreased or deleted; a method for screening a patient who has a high efficacy ratio for a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an anti-cancer antibody as an active ingredient; and a method for improving an efficacy ratio for a pharmaceutical composition which comprises an anti-cancer antibody as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a subject has had a stroke and, if so, the type of stroke which includes analyzing the subject's body fluid for at least four selected markers of stroke, namely, myelin basic protein, S100 protein, neuronal specific enolase and a brain endothelial membrane protein such as thrombomodulin or a similar molecule. The data obtained from the analyses provide information as to the type of stroke, the onset of occurrence and the extent of brain damage and allow a physician to determine quickly the type of treatment required by the subject.

Abstract: This invention provides cross-linked glycopeptide-cephalosporin compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antibiotics. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds; methods for treating bacterial infections in a mammal using such compounds; and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.