Abstract: A method of diagnosing or monitoring a psychotic disorder, or predisposition thereto, comprises measuring, in a sample taken from a subject, the level of a biomarker selected from clusterin precursor, inter ?-trypsin inhibitor, IgM, apolipoprotein A2 and ?2 H5 glycoprotein.

Abstract: One of the major pathophysiological consequences of long term elevation of plasma glucose in diabetes is an increase in the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins. Contrary to expectations the present inventors have determined that individuals with well controlled short duration diabetes have particularly high concentrations of glycated insulin which decrease with increased disease severity and duration of diabetes. Further, a small proportion of apparently normal healthy individuals exhibit high glycated insulin levels in line with expected incidence of diabetes in the population. Methods of predicting the onset of diabetes and for monitoring the progression of diabetes by measuring the concentration of Glycated Insulin and the progression of diabetes are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides cross-linked glycopeptide-cephalosporin compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antibiotics. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds; methods for treating bacterial infections in a mammal using such compounds; and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel secretory or membrane protein expressed specifically in skeletal muscles, a nucleic acid encoding the same, an antibody against the same, useful as a prophylactic/therapeutic agent or diagnostic agent for a disease associated with an abnormality of differentiation of skeletal muscle cell or metabolism function, or as a tool for screening a drug-candidate compound effective for the prophylaxis/treatment of the disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for quantitation of glycated protein in a biological sample using a solid support matrix by making a first bound protein measurement total bound protein under conditions where both glycated and non-glycated protein bind to the support in making a second bound protein measurement under conditions where glycated protein is bound to the support and non-glycated protein is not substantially bound. Diagnostic devices and kits comprising the methods of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to macromolecular polysaccharide-peptide conjugates which contain a peptide portion which C-terminally contains the amino acid sequence Ala-Gly-Arg, which is cleaved by thrombin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protein-based biomarker that is useful in qualifying ovarian cancer status in a patient. In particular, the biomarker of this invention is useful to classify a subject sample as ovarian cancer or non-ovarian cancer. The biomarker can be detected by SELDI mass spectrometry.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and kits for use in diagnosing genetically transmitted diseases that are associated with deficiencies in glycosylation of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. The methods and kits are also useful for monitoring the course of treatment of diseases that are associated with glycosylation disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method of determining the existence of a normal pregnancy which has a high likelihood of culminating in a term pregnancy, by measuring hyperglycosylated hCG in a pregnant woman and comparing the concentration of measured hyperglycosylated hCG with a predetermined value. A measurement of hyperglycosylated hCG above the predetermined value, for example, about 13 ng/ml, is evidence of a high likelihood of a normal pregnancy. A measurement below the predetermined value is evidence of an abnormal pregnancy (ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage). Further analysis of the patient in the event that the measurement falls below the predetermined value is made by intravaginal or abdominal ultrasound to determine whether or not the pregnancy is ectopic or will likely result in a spontaneous abortion (miscarriage).

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detecting and treating diseases, especially cancer, and particularly breast, bladder, colon, gastrointestinal, kidney, liver, lung, melanoma, ovary, pancreatic, pharyngeal, prostate cancer and renal, associated with differential expression of prominin-1 (CD133) in disease cells compared to healthy cells. Also provided are antagonists or agonists of prominin-1, and methods for screening agents that modulate the prominin-1 level or activity in vivo or in vitro.

Abstract: The use of CD1B, or CD1D, respectively as a target for a disorder selected from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura; and the use of CD1D as a target in a disorder which is Multiple Sclerosis (MS), e.g. as a biomarker; a method for preparing a diagnostic kit and a method for identifying agents that modulates a disorder which is mediated by elevated levels of CD1B, or CD1D, respectively, in case of CD1B, or CD1D, respectively selected from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Anticqagulant (LA) Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura; and in case of CD1D a disorder which is Multiple Sclerosis (MS).

Abstract: This invention provides cross-linked glycopeptide-cephalosporin compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antibiotics. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds; methods for treating bacterial infections in a mammal using such compounds; and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the investigation of amyloid formation. In preferred embodiments, amyloid formation associated with type II diabetes is monitored by fluorescence spectroscopic measurements of the activity of p-cyano-phenylalanine-substituted islet amyloid polypeptide, and derivatives thereof, under an amyloid-forming condition. In some embodiments, the amyloid-forming condition is associated with a diseased, or putatively diseased, cell or tissue. In some embodiments, the invention provides a method of evaluating the severity of the amyloid-forming condition, and changes therein induced by agents that inhibit, or potentially inhibit, amyloid formation.

Abstract: This invention provides cross-linked glycopeptide-cephalosporin compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which are useful as antibiotics. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds; methods for treating bacterial infections in a mammal using such compounds; and processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides diagnostic methods for inflammatory bowel disorders (e.g., Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) comprising assessing expression, structure and/or function of O-glycans in a sample from a subject, as well as antibodies to such molecules.

Abstract: This invention relates to non-surgical assays that can be used to determine whether an animal that has a non-postpartum anestrous period of three months or greater, such as a dog or a cat, has been spayed. In particular, the present invention relates to devices, kits and methods that allow correlation of levels of Anti-Müllerian Hormone with the state of being spayed.

Abstract: P-glycoprotein transporter (P-gp) acts as a pump at the blood-brain barrier to exclude a wide range of xenobiotics (e.g., toxins, drugs, etc.) from the brain and is also expressed in a tumor in response to exposure to established or prospective chemotherapeutics (a phenomenon known as multidrug resistance). This invention concerns the preparation and use of radiotracers for imaging P-gp function in vitro and in vivo. Radiotracers of the present invention are avid substrates for P-gp and have structures based on N-Desmethyl-loperamide.

Abstract: Methods of treating complement-mediated ocular disorders by administering agents that inhibit a subject's complement component in an amount sufficient to treat the ocular disorder wherein, in a selected embodiment, said agent is an anti-complement aptamer that, in a preferred embodiment, is an anti-C5 aptamer.

Abstract: An insulin preparation having an ultra-rapid onset of action is provided by adding a substance that interacts with the insulin dimer formation surface or the hexamer formation surface to an insulin solution. The substance exerts its effect by inhibiting insulin dimer formation and/or hexamer formation.

Abstract: Methods of using mass spectrometry and in particular matrix assisted laser Ligand-Complex from Target and desorption-ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to analyze, or otherwise detect the presence of or determine the identity of intact ions of undigested, unfragmented covalently stabilized supramolecular target-ligand-complexes, as well as the use of these methods in various biological application such as characterization of antibodies, drug discovery, and complexomics including automated or higher throughput applications.

Abstract: This invention provides protein or polypeptide imprinted polymers with integrated emission sites (PIPIES) for detecting the presence of a protein or polypeptide analyte comprising templated sites which are specific for the analyte. At or near the templated sites are selectively placed reporter molecules. A method is also disclosed for the preparation of the PIPIES and the use of these for the detection of analytes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting and/or qualifying nanoparticles whose mean size is less than 60 nm, which exhibit a plasmon resonance and are located on the top surface of a flat solid support. A device for carrying out the inventive method and the use thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides, inter alia, peptide compositions and methods for treating and preventing Flaviviridae virus (e.g., hepatitis C virus) infections.

Abstract: A method for evaluating insulin resistance in a simple and highly reliable manner is provided. This method includes measuring a fasting insulin value in blood, a fasting blood sugar value, and an adiponectin value and evaluating insulin resistance using, as an index, a value obtained by the following calculation formula (I): (Fasting insulin value)×(Fasting blood sugar value)/Adiponectin value??(I).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to determine skeletal maturity.

Abstract: This invention relates to products and methods for treating cancer and for diagnosing tumorigenicity and other diseases associated with alteration in GP88 expression or action. Antagonists to an 88 KDa autocrine growth and tumorigenicity stimulator are provided which inhibit its expression or biological activity. The antagonists include antisense oligonucleotides and antibodies.

Abstract: A method for quantitatively and qualitatively determining the presence of a macromolecule comprises providing nanoparticles in a buffered solution, adding a test sample to the buffered nanoparticle solution, and measuring the difference between the buffered nanoparticles in the presence and absence of the test sample. The nanoparticles are preferably less than 100 nm in size.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recombinant, attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus comprising the infectious laryngotracheitis viral genome which contains a deletion in the glycoprotein gG gene. This attenuated virus is useful as a vaccine against infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The present invention also provides a recombinant, attenuated infectious laryngotracheitis virus comprising the infectious laryngotracheitis viral genome which contains a deletion in the US2 gene, UL47-like gene, ORF4 gene or glycoprotein g60 gene. The present invention also provides a method for distinguishing chickens or other poultry vaccinated with a recombinant infectious laryngotracheitis virus which produces no glycoprotein gG from those infected with a naturally-occurring infectious laryngotracheitis virus.

Abstract: Provided is means and methods for producing and/or selecting immunogenic compositions capable of activating a T-cell and/or a T-cell response, comprising providing the composition with at least one cross-beta structure and testing at least one immunogenic property.

Abstract: Ultrasensitive detection of a chemical substance (analyte) by mass spectrometry is achieved by employing a molecular tag that yields an intense parent ion and then an intense daughter ion in a multi-stage mass spectrometer.

Abstract: The invention provides disintegratable film compositions for diagnostic test devices. The films are prepared with a combination of components that yield films of sufficient film strength and desired disintegration profiles. A disintegratable film according to the present invention contains a water soluble high molecular weight component, a water soluble low molecular weight component, and one or more reagents for use in a diagnostic device. Optionally, the films further contain a starch component, a glucose component, a plasticizer and/or a humectant, and/or a filler. The invention further provides a diagnostic testing device, which includes a film according to an embodiment of the invention, and methods of using such devices.

Abstract: Based on the observation of the cooperation of osteopontin (OPN) and matrixmetalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the promotion of the metastatic phenotype, therapies and diagnostic assays are disclosed for the treatment of a tumor that overexpresses OPN, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for example metastatic HCC. In one example, methods of treating a tumor include administration of an agent that reduces cellular invasion resulting from the interaction between a fragment of OPN (OPN-5kD) generated by MMP-9 cleavage and CD44 receptor. Examples of such agents include fragments of OPN-5 kD and antibodies specific for OPN-5kD. Therapeutic compositions are also provided that include such agents. Also provided are methods of diagnosing or prognosing a tumor, for example by detecting expression of OPN-5kD peptide or OPN-c mRNA in a biological sample obtained from the subject. Also provided are antibodies that specifically bind OPN-5kD.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of reducing formation of atheromas and methods of treating atherosclerotic lesions and/or atherosclerosis by reducing the amount of lumican proteglycan in the intima or an artery or in the lesion. The invention also relates to methods of identifying subjects having or at risk of having atherosclerosis comprising detecting an increased amount of lumican proteoglycan in a subject.

Abstract: An individual's risk profile for developing a cardiovascular disorder or for experiencing a cardiovascular event is determined by 1) measuring levels of certain stress-evoked proteins including heat shock proteins (HSPs), cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokines, and the like, or titers of the antibodies targeted to them, or 2) determining the number of seropositive responses to a group of pathogens that have been associated with the presence of atherosclerosis and/or clinical events related to atherosclerosis. The measured levels are compared with clinically derived standards that define the association of these markers with cardiovascular disease. These markers are independent of traditionally recognized risk factors.

Abstract: A human laminin receptor crystal is disclosed. Methods are disclosed for using various computer and non-computer means in order to develop models for use in the development of novel therapeutics that block and/or mimic laminin receptor interactions in the setting of, among others, Alzheimer's disease, other neurological disorders, cancer, and viral and bacterial infections.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fluorescent sensor for phosphate ion and phosphorylated peptide, which comprises a phosphate anion-selective fluorescent compound expressed by the following general formula (1).

Abstract: Standard reference materials and related methods are described for quality testing and calibration of instruments used for the qualitative and quantitative determination of hemoglobin and glycated hemoglobin as well as other analytes of interest in animal tissue samples. The reference solutions of the disclosure utilize a synthetic cruor in combination with an Hb peptide chain.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing chronic stress in patients by first determining the level of one or more analytes in a patient sample and establishing the significance of the one or more analyte levels.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for detecting an improvement in the performance of a physical or athletic activity and/or in a cognitive activity in a subject upon administration to the subject of a performance enhancing material and/or upon contact of the subject with a performance enhancing material and/or upon implementation of a performance enhancing activity by the subject by detecting in the subject a change in a biomarker associated with physical or athletic activity and/or cognitive activity.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for assessing clinical status through the creation of a diagnostic readout based upon the analysis of multiple biomarkers. According to the invention, an algorithm is provided that allows the use of multiple biomarker thresholds from a patient sample to be used in order to increase the sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic procedure.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the determination of an analyte concentration (quantitative determination) or whether an analyte threshold level has been passed (qualitative determination) in a biological sample through employment of a disposable analytical microprocessor device. The device can include a batch-specific, self-executable algorithm for the calculation of the analyte concentration.

Abstract: A diagnostic method for determining the absence or presence of a disease is provided. The method includes assaying the amount and/or types of glycopeptides in a sample from a subject, and comparing these to the amount and types of reference glycopeptides. The method may include the use of a stable isotope label, affinity selection, immunoaffinity chromatography, and glycoproteomics techniques, to identify and quantify changes in glycosylated peptides or glycosylated proteins associated with cancers such as malignant lymphoma or breast cancer, to monitor patient's response to therapy, and to monitor disease recurrence.

Abstract: A method of analyzing cell wall components based on a hot dilute acid extraction, followed by alcohol precipitation, of plant cellulosic materials such as cotton fibers or wood pulp. The extracts are analyzed by high pH anion exchange chromatography to separate and characterize the carbohydrates. This method extracts a characteristic series of carbohydrate multimers containing galactose, mannose and glucose. The pattern of multimers is indicative of origin of the cellulosic material (e.g., the plant species the material comes from) as well as quality and processing state of the material. The alcohol precipitation improves the discriminating powers of the analysis so that the species of origin of plant products can be identified.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for accurately discriminating between prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia based on a glycan structure of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The method of the present invention includes the steps of: purifying PSA from a sample derived from a subject; preparing a PSA derivative from the PSA; labeling the PSA derivative; and analyzing the labeled PSA derivative by the mass spectrometry method, in which the subject is identified as having prostate carcinoma when the ratio of the signal intensity of fucose-unbound glycan to the signal intensity of fucose-bound glycan in the labeled PSA derivative is greater than 1.0, and identified as having benign prostatic hyperplasia when the ratio is 1.0 or less.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for diagnosing and inhibiting conditions associated with reduced amounts of THP and/or reduced amounts of total carbohydrate content in the THP, such as Interstitial Cystitis and its symptoms, and damaged mucin layers in a subject by administering an effective amount of a Tamm-Horsfall protein to the subject. The invention also provides a method for diagnosing Interstitial Cystitis in a subject by quantitatively determining in a sample, the level of THP, the amount of sialylation of Tamm-Horsfall protein and/or the total carbohydrate content in THP. A decrease in the amounts of THP, sialylation of Tamm-Horsfall protein and/or carbohydrate content in THP is indicative of Interstitial Cystitis.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing cerebral infarction comprising the step of measuring the concentration of nick ?2 glycoprotein I in a body fluid sample; and a method of diagnosing cerebral infarction comprising the steps of measuring the nicked ?2 glycoprotein I concentration (N) and the total ?2 glycoprotein I concentration (T) in a body fluid sample, calculating the ratio (N/T) of the nicked ?2 glycoprotein I concentration (N) to the total ?2 glycoprotein I concentration (T), and using the ratio as an indicator, are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing receptor-coated particles is described which comprises the following steps: a) providing a support body, b) conducting a liquid containing particles into or onto the support body, c) immobilizing the particles on at least one surface area of the support body, d) conducting a liquid which contains receptors or receptor building blocks for synthesizing polymeric receptors over the immobilized particles, e) coupling the receptors or receptor building blocks location—or/and time-specifically to the immobilized particles at in each case predetermined positions of the support body, f) repeating, where appropriate, the steps (d) and (e), until the desired receptors have been synthesized on the immobilized particles at the in each case predetermined positions of the support body.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for isolating and characterizing the glycosylation sites of a glycoprotein, such as a glycosylated antibody. In particular, the methods employ affinity capture, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry to determine, for example, the location of the glycopeptide, the heterogeneity of the glycan attached to the glycopeptide, the mass of the glycopeptide, and/or the peptide sequence.

Abstract: Peptide-based borono-lectin sensors, along with their synthesis and analysis and methods of use, are generally described. These sensors use peptides as a scaffold and introduce boronic acid moieties onto the peptide scaffold as the binding site for the targeted analyte (e.g., carbohydrates, glycans, etc.). The boronic acid moieties can be arranged on the protein scaffold in such a manner that a particularly targeted carbohydrate or glycoprotein will bond to the protein scaffold via the boronic acid functionality. Such bonding can indicated the presence or absence of that targeted analyte in the sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of pretreating a sample containing a glycated amine as an analyte, thereby enabling highly reliable measurement of a glycated amine. A glycated amino acid in the sample is degraded by causing a fructosyl amino acid oxidase (FAOD) to act thereon, and thereafter, a FAOD further is caused to act on the glycated amine as the analyte in the sample to cause a redox reaction. The amount of the glycated amine is determined by measuring the redox reaction. The substrate specificity of the FAOD caused to act on the glycated amino acid may be either the same as or different from that of the FAOD caused to act on the glycated amine. When using the same FAOD, a FAOD is caused to act on the glycated amino acid to degrade it, and thereafter, the sample is treated with a protease to inactivate the FAOD and also to degrade the glycated amine.