Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area adjacent to the display area. The non-display area includes a blocking region. An organic layer is disposed on the substrate. An emission layer is disposed in the display area of the substrate. An auxiliary pattern is disposed in the blocking region of the non-display area of the substrate. A thin film encapsulation layer is disposed on the substrate and overlaps the emission layer and the blocking region. The organic layer has a groove penetrating an entire thickness of the organic layer in the blocking region. The auxiliary pattern overlaps the groove. The auxiliary pattern includes a same material as a gate electrode disposed in the display area of the substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including pixels including a first pixel and a second pixel, a driver of the first pixel disposed on the substrate, a driver of the second pixel disposed on the substrate, a first pixel electrode overlapping the driver of the first pixel and electrically connected to the driver of the first pixel, a second pixel electrode overlapping the driver of the first pixel and the driver of the second pixel and electrically connected to the driver of the second pixel, an emission layer disposed on the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, and a common electrode disposed on the emission layer, wherein the second pixel electrode includes a first opening overlapping the driver of the first pixel.

Abstract: A stretchable electronic device is provided. The stretchable electronic device includes a stretchable elastomer polymer base substrate; a plurality of electronic devices; and a plurality of recesses partially extending into the stretchable elastomer polymer base substrate. The stretchable elastomer polymer base substrate includes a plurality of stiffened portions respectively in a plurality of stiffened regions spaced apart by one or more elastomeric portions in one or more elastomeric regions. A respective electronic device of the plurality of electronic devices is at least partially in a respective recess of the plurality of recesses, and is in a respective stiffened region of the plurality of stiffened regions. The respective electronic device in the respective recess is stacked on a respective stiffened portion of the plurality of stiffened portions.

Abstract: A display substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. In the display substrate, each signal line includes a first conductive portion; for at least one signal line, the display substrate includes a multi-layer insulating pattern on a side of the first conductive portion of each signal line away from the base substrate, and at least one insulating pattern covers a surface of a side of the first conductive portion away from the base substrate; a first insulating pattern in the multi-layer insulating pattern includes a hollow, and an orthographic projection of the hollow on the base substrate is at least partially in a region surrounded by an orthographic projection of the first conductive portion on the base substrate; and a material of the first insulating pattern includes an organic insulating material.

Abstract: A display device includes a driving member which provides an electrical signal and includes a connection terminal which transmits the electrical signal, a pad electrode which receives the electrical signal from the driving member and is electrically connected to the connection terminal of the driving member, an organic layer on the pad electrode, the organic layer including a side surface defining an opening of the organic layer which exposes the pad electrode to outside the organic layer and within the opening, a protrusion protruding from the side surface, and a connection conductive layer which electrically connects the pad electrode to the connection terminal, within the opening of the organic layer, where the connection conductive layer covers each of the pad electrode which is exposed by the opening of the organic layer, the side surface of the organic layer, and the protrusion of the organic layer.

Abstract: Mass transfer tools and methods for high density transfer of arrays of micro devices are described. In an embodiment, a mass transfer tool includes a micro pick up array with an array of transfer heads arranged in clusters. The clusters of transfer heads can be used to pick up a high density group of micro devices followed by sequential placement onto a receiving substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel having first and second regions with the second region having a higher resolution than the first region and an electronic module under the first region. The display panel includes first and second emission layers in a first sub-region of the first region with the second emission layer being spaced apart from the first emission layer. The first emission layer has a first light-emitting portion and a second light-emitting portion adjacent to the first light-emitting portion in a first direction, and the second emission layer has a third light-emitting portion and a fourth light-emitting portion adjacent to the third light-emitting portion in the first direction. The first light-emitting portion is inclined from the second light-emitting portion toward a lower surface of the display panel, and the fourth light-emitting portion is inclined from the third light-emitting portion toward an upper surface of the display panel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate including a first leading line, a second substrate including a cover plate, a first electrode disposed on the cover plate in a direction of the first substrate and extending from a non-light-emitting region to light-emitting region, and a second leading line disposed on the first electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, which include a flexible substrate, an array layer, a pixel definition layer, an insulating layer, a light-emitting layer, an additional layer, and a first inorganic layer. The array layer, the pixel definition layer, and the insulating layer are sequentially disposed on the flexible substrate, the insulating layer includes first through holes and second through holes, the light-emitting layer is filled in the first through holes, and the additional layer is disposed on the pixel definition layer, in the second through holes, and on the insulating layer and the light-emitting layer. The first inorganic layer is disposed on the array layer and the additional layer.

Abstract: A display substrate and a manufacturing method and a display device are provided. The display substrate includes: a first electrode pattern, a connecting electrode pattern, a second electrode, and a light-emitting functional layer. The first electrode pattern is located in a display region and includes a plurality of first electrodes spaced apart from each other. The connecting electrode pattern is located in a peripheral region and includes a plurality of connecting electrodes. The second electrode is connected with the connecting electrode pattern, the second electrode and the first electrode pattern being spaced apart from each other. The light-emitting functional layer is located between the first electrode pattern and the second electrode, the connecting electrode pattern surrounds the first electrode pattern, and at least two of the plurality of connecting electrodes are each of a block shape and are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A light-emitting element ink, a display device, and a method of fabricating the display device are provided. The light-emitting element ink includes a light-emitting element solvent, light-emitting elements dispersed in the light-emitting element solvent, each of the light-emitting elements including a plurality of semiconductor layers and an insulating film that surrounds parts of outer surfaces of the semiconductor layers, and a surfactant dispersed in the light-emitting element solvent, the surfactant including a fluorine-based and/or a silicon-based surfactant.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes an electroluminescent display device includes a substrate; a first pixel row on the substrate including a first plurality of pixels arranged along a first direction; a second pixel row on the substrate including a second plurality of pixels arranged along the first direction, the second pixel row being spaced apart from the first pixel row in a second direction; a first groove between the first and second pixel rows; and a light emitting diode in each pixel of the first and second pixel rows, wherein the first groove includes a first portion at one end of the first pixel row, a second portion at the other end of the first pixel row and a third portion between the first and second portions, and wherein third portion is smaller than the first portion and greater than the second portion.

Abstract: A display device includes the following: a resin substrate; a TFT layer disposed on the resin substrate, the TFT layer having a stack of, in sequence, a base coat film, a semiconductor film, a gate insulating film, a first metal film, an interlayer insulating film, a second metal film, and a flattening film; a light-emitting element disposed on the TFT layer and forming a display region; and a plurality of TFTs disposed in the TFT layer in the display region. The base coat film includes an amorphous silicon film disposed at least all over the display region.

Abstract: A light-emitting device, an electronic device, or a lighting device with low power consumption and high reliability is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a third light-emitting element, and a fourth light-emitting element. The first to fourth light-emitting elements include the same EL layer between an anode and a cathode. The EL layer includes a first light-emitting layer and a second light-emitting layer. The first light-emitting layer contains a fluorescent substance. The peak wavelength of an emission spectrum of the fluorescent substance in a toluene solution of the fluorescent substance is 440 nm to 460 nm, preferably 440 nm to 455 nm. The second light-emitting layer contains a phosphorescent substance. The first light-emitting element exhibits blue emission. The second light-emitting element exhibits green emission. The third light-emitting element exhibits red emission.

Abstract: The present disclosure is in the field of an electrophoretic device for switching between a transparent and non-transparent mode, comprising a fluid and particles, electrodes for moving said particles, and comprising various further elements, as well as uses thereof, in particular as a window blind.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a display panel includes preparing a work substrate that includes a mother substrate that has a plurality of cell areas, a light emitting element layer formed in each of the cell areas, and an encapsulation layer formed on each cell area, disposing a plurality of protective films in the cell areas, respectively, that cover the light emitting element layer and the encapsulation layer, cutting the work substrate along cutting lines at an outer side of the protective films of each cell area to form a preliminary display panel, grinding side surfaces of the preliminary display panel, and removing the protective films from each ground preliminary display panel to form the display panel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, and a pixel defining layer and a cathode layer that are laminated on the substrate. The pixel defining layer includes a plurality of strip-shaped first pixel defining structures and a plurality of strip-shaped second pixel defining structures. A slope angle of the second pixel defining structure is greater than a slope angle of the first pixel defining structure, and the second pixel defining structure is configured to separate portions of the cathode layer on two sides of the second pixel defining structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments for stronger and more powerful high speed laser arrays. For example, an apparatus is disclosed that comprises an active mesa structure in combination with an electrical waveguide, wherein the active mesa structure comprises a plurality of laser regions within the active mesa structure itself, each laser region of the active mesa structure being electrically isolated within the active mesa structure itself relative to the other laser regions of the active mesa structure.

Abstract: A display panel includes: a first gate line extending in a first direction; a second gate line extending in the first direction and spaced apart from the first gate line in a second direction crossing the first direction; a first connection line extending in the second direction; and a second connection line extending in the second direction and spaced apart from the first connection line in the first direction, wherein a distal end of the first connection line overlaps the first gate line and is electrically connected to the first gate line, and wherein a distal end of the second connection line overlaps the second gate line and is electrically connected to the second gate line.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, a planarization layer disposed at a side of the substrate being provided with partitioning slots to form driving areas in an array; a first electrode layer on the planarization layer having first electrodes; wherein orthographic projections of the first electrodes on the planarization layer are within the driving areas; each of the first electrodes includes a planar center portion and an edge portion, the edge portion includes a planarization portion surrounding the center portion and a slope portion connected between the center portion and the planarization portion; a pixel definition layer on the planarization layer that exposes part of the center portion; a light-emitting functional layer covering the pixel definition layer, the center portion being exposed by the pixel definition layer and the planarization layer and a second electrode covering the light-emitting functional layer.

Abstract: A display device may include a substrate, and a display element layer disposed on the substrate and including a light emitting element that emits light in a display direction. The display element layer may include a first contact electrode electrically connected to the light emitting element, a second contact electrode electrically connected to the light emitting element, and a bank pattern having a shape extending in the display direction. At least one of the first contact electrode, the second contact electrode, and the bank pattern may include a transparent conductive polymer.

Abstract: A nanorod light-emitting device is provided. The nanorod light-emitting device includes a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the light-emitting layer, at least one conductive layer disposed between a central portion of a lower surface of the light-emitting layer and the first semiconductor layer, or between a central portion of an upper surface of the light-emitting layer and the second semiconductor layer, at least one current blocking layer that surrounds a side surface of the at least one conductive layer, and an insulating film that surrounds a side surface of the second semiconductor layer, a side surface of the light-emitting layer, and a side surface of the at least one current blocking layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a first conductive layer including a lower pattern disposed on the substrate; an active layer including a first active pattern disposed on the first conductive layer; and a second conductive layer including a first gate electrode disposed on the active layer, wherein the first gate electrode overlaps a first channel region included in the first active pattern, the lower pattern overlaps the first active pattern, and the first active pattern does not cross an edge of the lower pattern.

Abstract: A display device includes a base substrate, a first transistor, a second transistor, an organic light emitting diode, and a capacitor electrically connected to the first thin film transistor. The first transistor includes a first semiconductor pattern below a first interlayer insulation layer and a first control electrode above the first interlayer insulation layer and below a second interlayer insulation layer. The second transistor includes a second control electrode above the first interlayer insulation layer and below the second interlayer insulation layer. A second semiconductor pattern is above the second interlayer insulation layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate and a transistor disposed on the substrate and including a semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer includes a mesh structure, and wherein a plurality of openings are formed in the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a plurality of transistors disposed on the substrate; an insulating layer disposed on the plurality of transistors; a data line and a driving voltage line disposed on the insulating layer; a pixel electrode disposed on the data line or the driving voltage line; a pixel defining layer disposed on the pixel electrode and including a pixel opening that overlaps the pixel electrode; a light emitting element layer disposed in the pixel opening; and a common electrode disposed on the light emitting element layer, wherein the pixel opening includes a first sub-pixel opening and a second sub-pixel opening and a first blocking portion that is disposed between the first sub-pixel opening and the second sub-pixel opening.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate having a display area, in which an image is displayed, and a non-display area, in which no image is displayed. The non-display area is disposed on at least one side of the display area. A plurality of pixels is disposed in the display area. An encapsulation layer is disposed on the plurality of pixels. A dam unit is disposed in the non-display area. The dam unit includes a body part and a plurality of protrusions. Each of the plurality of protrusions protrudes from the body part.

Abstract: A display substrate, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. A pixel region is provided with a light emission function layer on a base substrate of the display substrate, and a separation region is provided with at least one first barrier structure. The first barrier structure includes a stopper pattern and a first separation component. A side surface of the first separation component has a recess, and a portion of the light emission function layer extending to the separation region is disconnected on the side of the first separation component. The separation region is provided with an inorganic layer structure on the base substrate. The inorganic layer structure includes multiple stacked inorganic film layers, the stopper pattern is located between two adjacent inorganic film layers and the first separation component is located on a side of the inorganic layer structure away from the base substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a semiconductor device and a fabrication method thereof. The semiconductor device includes a substrate, a group III-V layer disposed on the substrate, a dielectric layer disposed on the group III-V layer, and an inclined sidewall extending from the dielectric layer to the substrate. Wherein the substrate comprising a relative rough surface opposite the inclined sidewall.

Abstract: A plurality of pixel drive circuits form part of an array of emissive elements. The plurality of pixel drive circuits are disposed to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. The plurality of pixel drive circuits are organized into sets of pixel drive circuits, and each set comprises at least one pixel drive circuit. A FET of a set of pixel drive circuits shares a common well with other FETs of similar function in the same set of pixel drive circuits positioned therein, such that the variance of the threshold voltages of those FETs is substantially reduced. Each of the pixel drive circuits comprises a circuit operative to deliver a current at a predetermined voltage to an emissive device and a memory circuit operative to receive modulation data and to use same to modulate the current output of the pixel drive circuit.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels, a scan driver which supplies scan signals and sensing control signals to scan lines and sensing control lines, based on a clock signal, a power manager which applies initialization power to initialization lines, a sensor which senses threshold voltages of driving transistors, a detector which detects an error of the initialization lines and outputs line information indicating an initialization line having the error, a timing controller which changes a sensed threshold voltage using the initialization line having the error and generates image data with reference to a changed threshold voltage, and a data driver which supplies a data signal corresponding to the image data to data lines.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided. The display panel includes an array substrate, a first electrode, a pixel defining block, an organic common layer, a second electrode, an adhesive layer, and a thin film encapsulation layer. The organic common layer corresponding to the pixel defining block is defined with a through hole, and the adhesive layer is filled, which realizes a strong adhesion between the second electrode and the pixel defining block, and reduces a risk of peeling between layers of the organic common layer.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods of utilizing nanochannels generated in the sacrificial layer of a semiconductor substrate to increase epitaxial lift-off speeds and facilitate reusability of GaAs substrates. The provided systems and methods may utilize unique nanochannel geometries to increase the surface area exposed to the etchant and further decrease etch times.

Abstract: A display substrate has a plurality of sub-pixel regions used to display images and a non-sub-pixel region surrounding the sub-pixel regions. The display substrate includes a light-emitting device layer. The light-emitting device layer includes a first electrode layer. The first electrode includes a plurality of first electrodes electrically connected to each other and at least one hollowed-out region among part of adjacent first electrodes. The at least one hollowed-out region is located in the non-sub-pixel region.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device includes a semiconductor substrate, wherein a first transport layer is formed on a first partial region of the semiconductor substrate; a first insulation layer is formed on a second partial region around the first partial region; the first transport layer is formed on the first insulation layer; an interface layer is formed on the first transport layer; a light-emitting material layer containing perovskite material is formed on the interface layer; a second insulation layer is formed on the light-emitting material layer in the second partial region and on the light-emitting material layer near a second partial region side in the first partial region, so that the characteristic size of a single light-emitting pixel or effective working region is adjustable.

Abstract: The present disclosure is in the field of an electrophoretic device for switching between a transparent and non-transparent mode, comprising a fluid and particles, electrodes for moving said particles, and comprising various further elements, as well as uses thereof, in particular as a window blind.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a substrate; a driving circuit layer, disposed on the substrate and including a reset signal line and a first power signal line; a light-emitting element layer, including organic light-emitting elements, wherein each organic light-emitting element includes a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, and the light-emitting layer includes a first common layer, a light-emitting material layer and a second common layer; and a compensation capacitor, disposed between at least two adjacent organic light-emitting elements and including a first plate and a second plate insulated from each other, wherein the first plate is disposed on a side of the first common layer facing the substrate and in contact with the first common layer and electrically connected with the reset signal line, and the second plate is electrically connected with the first power signal line.

Abstract: A display panel having a display area and a non-display area at least partially disposed around the display area, and first and second opposing surfaces; and a first stack structure disposed on the first surface of the display panel including a first layer disposed on the first surface of the display panel, a second layer disposed on the first layer, and a third layer, disposed between the first layer and the second layer; the second layer having a larger size than the first layer in a plan view; and a side surface of the second layer extending outwardly beyond a side surface of the first layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mask device, a manufacturing method thereof, an evaporation method and a display device. The mask device includes: a mask frame; at least one first mask strip extending in a first direction, at least one second mask strip extending in a second direction, and a first mask plate extending in the first direction, which are fixed on the mask frame. The first direction crosses the second direction, the first mask strip and the second mask strip are intersected to define at least one mask opening, the first mask plate includes a mask pattern region, and the mask pattern region includes a first group of through holes covered by an orthographic projection of the at least one mask opening on the first mask plate, and a second group of through holes covered by an orthographic projection of the first and second mask strips on the first mask plate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting display panel, a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting display panel, and a display apparatus. The organic light-emitting display panel includes: a substrate having an opening passing through the substrate; a pixel array disposed on the substrate and including a plurality of pixels; an isolation part disposed between the plurality of pixels and the opening and surrounding the opening, wherein the isolation part includes: a first layer disposed on the substrate, wherein the first layer includes a first portion and a second portion which are sequentially stacked in a direction away from the substrate, and an orthogonal projection of the first portion on the substrate falls within an orthogonal projection of the second portion on the substrate; and a second layer disposed on a surface of the first layer away from the substrate.

Abstract: A display apparatus in which a display area is expanded so that an image may be displayed even in an area where components are arranged\is provided. The display apparatus includes a substrate including a first area in which a transmissive portion is located and a second area adjacent to the first area, a pixel circuit unit arranged in the first area and including a pixel circuit, a first pixel electrode arranged in the first area and electrically connected to the pixel circuit, the first pixel electrode having a first portion overlapping the pixel circuit unit and a second portion not overlapping the pixel circuit unit, and a metal pattern layer arranged between the substrate and the first pixel electrode and corresponding to the second portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a display substrate. The display substrate may include a base substrate, a display structure on a display area of the base substrate, at least one blocking structure on a peripheral area around the display area of the base substrate, and a first water-blocking layer on the substrate. The first water-blocking layer may cover the display structure and the at least one blocking structure. The blocking structure may be configured to block cracks generated on the first water-blocking layer at a side of the blocking structure opposite from the display area from propagating to the display area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device that includes a substrate including a first display region and a second display region adjacent to the first display region, a pixel layer disposed on the substrate and including transmission regions that overlap the first display region, and a protective layer below the substrate. The protective layer includes a first part below the first display region and a second part below the second display region. The first part has a thickness less than a thickness of the second part.

Abstract: A display substrate and a related device, and belongs to the field of display technology. The display substrate includes first subpixels, a second subpixels and third subpixels. In a first direction, the first subpixels and the third subpixels are arranged alternately to form a plurality of first subpixel rows, the second subpixels form a plurality of second subpixel rows, the first subpixel rows and the second subpixel rows are arranged alternately in a second direction, lines connecting centers of two first subpixels and two third subpixels in two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns form a first virtual quadrilateral, the two first subpixels are arranged at two opposite vertices of the first virtual quadrilateral, the first virtual quadrilateral includes an interior angle a not equal to 90°, and the second subpixel is arranged within the first virtual quadrilateral.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a light-emitting device, includes: forming a semiconductor stack on a substrate, wherein the semiconductor stack includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer and an active region formed therebetween; removing portions of the semiconductor stack to form a plurality of mesas and exposing a part of the first semiconductor layer, wherein the part of the first semiconductor layer includes a first portion and a second portion; forming a plurality of trenches by removing the first portion of the part of the first semiconductor to exposing a top surface of the substrate and a side wall of the first semiconductor, wherein the plurality of trenches defining a plurality of light-emitting units in the semiconductor stack; wherein in a top view, the plurality of trenches includes a first trench extending along a first direction and a second trench extending along a second direction not parallel with the first trench; and wherein the second trench includes an end; forming co

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to display technologies. A display substrate includes a first base substrate including a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, at least one of the plurality of pixel units including at least two sub-pixel units and a transparent area. The at least two sub-pixel units includes a first sub-pixel unit that is arranged between transparent areas of adjacent pixel units in a first direction. An orthographic projection of a pixel drive circuit electrically coupled to the first sub-electrode corresponding to the first sub-pixel unit on the first base substrate partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a first sub-electrode positionally corresponding to another sub-pixel unit on the first base substrate.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe systems, methods, and structures that provide organic light-emitting diodes having high luminous efficiency and low electrical dissipation. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure include a top electrode normally comprising a single film that includes a pair of metals and one metal compound, where the metals include a precious metal in combination with an alkaline earth metal or rare-earth metal and the metal compound is an alkali metal compound. As a result, such a top electrode has a work function that is better matched for efficient electron injection than magnesium-silver alloy-based transparent electrodes known in the prior art.

Abstract: An ultraviolet light-emitting diode includes: a substrate; an n-type semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate; a mesa disposed on the n-type semiconductor layer and including an active layer and a p-type semiconductor layer; an n-ohmic contact layer contacting the n-type semiconductor layer; a p-ohmic contact layer contacting the p-type semiconductor layer; an n-bump electrically connected to the n-ohmic contact layer; and a p-bump electrically connected to the p-ohmic contact layer, wherein the mesa includes a plurality of branches, the n-ohmic contact layer surrounds the mesa and is disposed in a region between the branches, each of the n-bump and the p-bump covers an upper surface and a side surface of the mesa, and the p-bump covers at least two of the branches among the plurality of branches. Therefore, an optical output can be increased by reducing light loss, and a forward voltage can be lowered.

Abstract: An array substrate, a display panel and a display device are provided. The array substrate includes: a base substrate; a plurality of pixel units in an array on the base substrate; and a first power line and a second power line arranged on the base substrate and configured to respectively provide a first power signal and a second power signal to the pixel units. At least one of the pixel units includes: a first-color light emitting device; a second-color light emitting device; a first pixel driving circuit configured to drive the first-color light emitting device; and a second pixel driving circuit configured to drive the second-color light emitting device. The first pixel driving circuit is electrically connected to the first power line, the second pixel driving circuit is electrically connected to the second power line, the first power line and the second power line are insulated from each other.

Abstract: A pixel defining structure includes a first sub-pixel defining structure surrounding a first sub-pixel region configured to form a first sub-pixel having a first color. The first sub-pixel defining structure includes a lyophilic portion one the bottom side of the first sub-pixel region and a lyophobic portion on a side opposite to the bottom side. The pixel defining structure includes a second sub-pixel defining structure surrounding a second sub-pixel region configured to form a second sub-pixel having a second color. The second sub-pixel defining structure includes a lyophilic portion one the bottom side of the second sub-pixel region and a lyophobic portion on a side opposite to the bottom side. The second color is different from the first color. Thicknesses of the lyophilic portion of the first sub-pixel defining structure and the lyophilic portion of the second sub-pixel defining structure are different.