Abstract: A method for fabricating semiconductor device includes the steps of: forming a first inter-metal dielectric (IMD) layer on a substrate; forming a first metal interconnection in the first IMD layer; removing part of the first IMD layer; forming a spacer adjacent to the first metal interconnection; forming a second IMD layer on the spacer and the first metal interconnection; and forming a second metal interconnection in the second IMD layer and on the spacer and the first metal interconnection.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a semiconductor die structure with air gaps for reducing capacitive coupling between conductive features and a method for preparing the semiconductor die structure. The method includes: forming a first supporting backbone on the substrate; forming a first conductor block on the first supporting backbone; forming a second supporting backbone on the substrate; forming a second conductor block on the second supporting backbone; forming a third conductor block suspended above the substrate and connected to the first conductor block and the second conductor block; sequentially forming an energy removable layer and a capping dielectric layer over the substrate, and the energy removable layer and the capping dielectric layer separating the first conductor block, the second conductor block and the third conductor block; and performing a heat treatment process to transform the energy removable layer into a plurality of air gap structures.

Abstract: A circuit device having an interlayer dielectric with pillar-type air gaps and a method of forming the circuit device are disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises receiving a substrate and depositing a first layer over the substrate. A copolymer layer that includes a first constituent polymer and a second constituent polymer is formed over the first layer. The first constituent polymer is selectively removed from the copolymer layer. A first region of the first layer corresponding to the selectively removed first constituent polymer is etched. The etching leaves a second region of the first layer underlying the second constituent polymer unetched. A metallization process is performed on the etched substrate, and the first layer is removed from the second region to form an air gap. The method may further comprise depositing a dielectric material within the etched first region.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing a semiconductor device with air spacer for decreasing electrical coupling. The method comprises: forming a plurality of composite pillars over a substrate, wherein the composite pillars include conductive pillars and dielectric caps over the conductive pillars; transforming a sidewall portion of the conductive pillar into a first transformed portion; removing the first transformed portion such that a width of the dielectric cap is greater than a width of a remaining portion of the conductive pillar; forming a supporting pillar between adjacent two of the plurality of composite pillars; and forming a sealing layer at least contacts a top portion of the supporting pillar and a top of the dielectric cap, and air spacers are formed between the sealing layer, the supporting pillar and the remaining portions of the conductive pillars.

Abstract: Some embodiments include an integrated assembly having a row of conductive posts. The conductive posts are spaced from one another by gaps. Leaker device material extends is within at least some of the gaps. An insulative material is along sidewalls of the conductive posts. A conductive structure is over the conductive posts. The conductive structure has downward projections extending into at least some of the gaps. The leaker device material is configured as segments along sides of the downward projections and extends from the sides to one or more of the conductive posts. Some embodiments include methods of forming integrated assemblies.

Abstract: Integrated chips and methods of forming conductive lines thereon include forming parallel lines from alternating first and second dummy materials. Portions of the parallel lines are etched, using respective selective etches for the first and second dummy materials, to form gaps. The gaps are filled with a dielectric material. The first and second dummy materials are etched away to form trenches. The trenches are filled with conductive material.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosure, an inductor may be formed over a semiconductor substrate of one or both dies in a face-to-face die arrangement while reducing the parasitic capacitance between the inductor and the adjacent die. In disclosed embodiments, a semiconductor device may include a void (e.g., an air gap) between the inductor and the adjacent die to reduce the parasitic capacitance between the inductor and the adjacent die. The void may be formed in the die that includes the inductor and/or the adjacent die. In some respects, the void may be etched in interface layers (e.g., comprising bump pads and dielectric material) between the semiconductor dies, and may extend along the length of the inductor.

Abstract: A method of forming an interconnection structure is disclosed, including providing a substrate, forming a patterned layer on the substrate, the patterned layer comprising at least a trench formed therein, depositing a first dielectric layer on the patterned layer and sealing an air gap in the trench, depositing a second dielectric layer on the first dielectric layer and completely covering the patterned layer, and performing a curing process to the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices and methods of forming the same are provided. A method according to the present disclosure includes providing a workpiece including a semiconductor substrate, a first ILD layer over the semiconductor substrate, and a first metal feature in the first ILD layer; depositing a second metal feature over the workpiece such that the second metal feature is electrically coupled to the first metal feature; patterning the second metal feature to form a first trench adjacent to the first metal feature; depositing a blocking layer over the workpiece, wherein the blocking layer selectively attaches to the first ILD layer; depositing a barrier layer over the workpiece, wherein the barrier layer selectively forms over the second metal feature relative to the first ILD layer; and depositing a second ILD layer over the workpiece.

Abstract: An integrated circuit die, a semiconductor structure, and a method of fabricating the semiconductor structure are disclosed. The integrated circuit die includes a substrate and a first anchor and a second anchor disposed on the substrate in a first plane. The integrated circuit die also includes a first wire disposed on the first anchor in the first plane, a third wire disposed on the second anchor in the first plane, and a second wire and a fourth wire suspended above the substrate in the first plane. The second wire is disposed between the first wire and the third wire and the third wire is disposed between the second wire and the fourth wire. The integrated circuit die further includes a dielectric material disposed between upper portions of the first wire, the second wire, the third wire, and the fourth wire to encapsulate an air gap.

Abstract: An integrated fan-out (InFO) package includes a first redistribution structure, a die, an encapsulant, a plurality of first through interlayer vias (TIV), a second redistribution structure, an insulating layer, a supporting layer, and a plurality of conductive patches. The die is disposed on the first redistribution structure. The encapsulant encapsulates the die. The first TIVs are embedded in the encapsulant. The second redistribution structure is disposed on the die, the first TIVs, and the encapsulant. The first redistribution structure is electrically connected to the second redistribution structure through the first TIVs. The insulating layer is disposed on the first redistribution structure opposite to the die and includes a plurality of air gaps. The supporting layer is over the insulating layer. The conductive patches are over the supporting layer. Locations of the conductive patches correspond to locations of the air gaps of the insulating layer.

Abstract: A method is presented for reducing heat loss to adjacent semiconductor structures. The method includes forming a plurality of conductive lines within an interlayer dielectric, forming a barrier layer over at least one conductive line of the plurality of conductive lines, forming a via extending to a top surface of the barrier layer, and defining dual air gaps within the via and over the barrier layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device, the device including a substrate; a first conductive pattern on the substrate; a second conductive pattern on the substrate and spaced apart from the first conductive pattern; an air spacer between the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern; and a quantum dot pattern covering an upper part of the air spacer.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor device having a gate structure adjacent to a semiconductor body at a channel region, the channel region being positioned laterally between source/drain regions. Metal plugs are on the source/drain regions, and rectangular-shaped or trapezoidal-shaped plug caps are above and immediately adjacent to the metal plugs. A self-aligned metal filled contact (CA) is conductively coupled to one of the metal plugs on the source and drain regions, and a self-aligned metal filled contact (CBoA) is conductively coupled to the gate structure. The device further includes a low k dielectric layer that includes a continuous airgap having an inverted u-shape formed about the gate structure and breaks at about a portion of the gate structure including the self-aligned metal filled contact (CBoA). Also, methods for forming the device including the uniquely shaped continuous airgap are disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device package includes a connection structure having a first portion and a second portion extending from the first portion, the second portion having a width less than the first portion; and a dielectric layer surrounding the connection structure, wherein the dielectric layer and the second portion of the connection structure defines a space.

Abstract: Multiple interconnect structures with reduced TDDB susceptibility and reduced stray capacitance are disclosed. The structures have one or more pairs of layers (an upper and a lower layer) that form layered pairs in the structure. In each of the upper and lower layers, dielectric material separates an upper pair of interconnects from a lower pair of interconnects or from other conductive material. Pairs of vias pass through the dielectric and mechanically and electrically connect the respective sides of the upper and lower sides of the interconnect. A gap of air separates all or part of the pair of vias and the electrical paths the vias are within. In alternative embodiments, the airgap may extend to the bottom of the vias, below the tops of the lower pair of interconnects, or deeper into the lower layer. Alternative process methods are disclosed for making the different embodiments of the structures.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a microelectronic device that includes a substrate, at least one dielectric layer on the substrate and a plurality of conductive lines within the at least one dielectric layer. The microelectronic device also includes an air gap structure that is located below two or more of the plurality of conductive lines.

Abstract: Discussed generally herein are methods and devices including or providing a high density interconnect structure. A high density interconnect structure can include a stack of alternating dielectric layers and metallization layers comprising at least three metallization layers including conductive material with low k dielectric material between the conductive material, and at least two dielectric layers including first medium k dielectric material with one or more first vias extending therethrough, the at least two dielectric layers situated between two metallization layers of the at least three metallization layers, a second medium k dielectric material directly on a top surface of the stack, a second via extending through the second medium k dielectric material, the second via electrically connected to conductive material in a metallization layer of the three or more metallization layers, and a pad over the second medium k dielectric material and electrically connected to the second via.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and method that comprise a first dielectric layer over a encapsulant that encapsulates a via and a semiconductor die is provided. A redistribution layer is over the first dielectric layer, and a second dielectric layer is over the redistribution layer, and the second dielectric layer comprises a low-temperature polyimide material.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor structure includes forming a middle-of-line (MOL) oxide layer in the semiconductor structure. The MOL oxide layer including multiple gate stacks formed on a substrate. A nitride layer is formed over a silicide in the MOL oxide layer. At least one self-aligned contact area (CA) element is formed within the nitride layer. The MOL oxide layer is selectively recessed on a first side and a second side of the at least one self-aligned CA element leaving remaining portions of the MOL oxide layer on the nitride layer and a nitride. A nitride cap of the plurality of gate stacks is selectively recessed. An air-gap oxide layer is deposited for introducing one or more air-gaps in the deposited air-gap oxide layer. The air gap oxide layer is reduced to the at least one self-aligned CA element and the nitride layer.

Abstract: A method is provided. A sacrificial layer is formed over a semiconductor substrate. An etching process is performed to form an opening in the sacrificial layer. The etching process includes a first cycle and a second cycle performed after the first cycle, and each of the first cycle and the second cycle includes applying a passivation gas and an etchant gas over the sacrificial layer, and performing an ionized gas bombardment on the sacrificial layer after applying the passivation gas and the etchant gas over the sacrificial layer. The passivation gas is applied at a first flow rate in the first cycle and is applied at a second flow rate in the second cycle, and the first flow rate is higher than the second flow rate.

Abstract: Integrated circuit interconnect structures having a metal oxide adhesive layer between conductive interconnects and dielectric material, as well as related apparatuses and methods are disclosed herein. For example, in some embodiments, an integrated circuit interconnect structure may include a dielectric layer having 60% or more filler, a conductive layer, and a metal oxide adhesive layer between the dielectric and conductive layers. In some embodiments, the metal oxide adhesive layer may include one or more of aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, and nickel oxide.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes: forming a plurality of bit line structures over a semiconductor substrate; forming a line-type opening between the bit line structures; forming a sacrificial spacer on both sidewalls of the line-type opening; forming a line-type plug filling the line-type opening over the sacrificial spacer; forming a plurality of plug isolation openings that expose the sacrificial spacer by etching a portion of the line-type plug in a direction crossing the bit line structures; forming a plurality of air gaps by removing the exposed sacrificial spacer; removing a remaining line-type plug below the plug isolation openings to form a plurality of island-type plugs; and forming a plug isolation layer inside the plug isolation openings to isolate neighboring island-type plugs from each other.

Abstract: An integrated fan-out (InFO) package includes a first redistribution structure, a die, an encapsulant, a plurality of first through interlayer vias (TIV), a second redistribution structure, an insulating layer, a supporting layer, and a plurality of conductive patches. The die is disposed on the first redistribution structure. The encapsulant encapsulates the die. The first TIVs are embedded in the encapsulant. The second redistribution structure is disposed on the die, the first TIVs, and the encapsulant. The first redistribution structure is electrically connected to the second redistribution structure through the first TIVs. The insulating layer is disposed on the first redistribution structure opposite to the die and includes a plurality of air gaps. The supporting layer is over the insulating layer. The conductive patches are over the supporting layer. Locations of the conductive patches correspond to locations of the air gaps of the insulating layer.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor device includes: providing a structure having a first stop layer formed above a substrate, a first dielectric layer formed on the first stop layer, a second stop layer formed on the first dielectric layer, and conductive lines formed in the first dielectric layer and spaced apart from each other; forming a first dummy layer on the second stop layer; patterning the first dummy layer to form a first patterned dummy layer; forming a second dummy layer on the first dummy layer to form a first trench; etching back the second dummy layer and the first patterned dummy layer to form a second trench, wherein the second trench is self-aligned with the first trench. The second trench extends downwardly to the first dielectric layer and forms an opening at the second stop layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device structure is provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a fin structure protruding from a semiconductor substrate. The fin structure includes a first portion and an overlying second portion. The first portion is formed of a material that is the same as that of the semiconductor substrate and different from that of the second portion. The semiconductor device structure also includes a liner structure and an isolation feature. The liner structure includes a carbon-doped silicon oxide film covering the semiconductor substrate and the first portion of the first fin structure and a nitrogen-containing film over the carbon-doped silicon oxide film. The isolation feature is over the nitrogen-containing film and surrounded by the liner structure.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices having air gap spacers that are formed as part of BEOL or MOL layers of the semiconductor devices are provided, as well as methods for fabricating such air gap spacers. For example, a method comprises forming a first metallic structure and a second metallic structure on a substrate, wherein the first and second metallic structures are disposed adjacent to each other with insulating material disposed between the first and second metallic structures. The insulating material is etched to form a space between the first and second metallic structures. A layer of dielectric material is deposited over the first and second metallic structures using a pinch-off deposition process to form an air gap in the space between the first and second metallic structures, wherein a portion of the air gap extends above an upper surface of at least one of the first metallic structure and the second metallic structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure including one or more semiconductor devices on a wafer. The one or more devices having source/drain junctions. The semiconductor structure further includes a recessed middle-of-line (MOL) oxide layer, and an air-gap oxide layer including one or more introduced air-gaps. The air-gap oxide layer is positioned over the one or more semiconductor devices and the MOL oxide layer. A nitride layer is positioned over the one or more semiconductor devices. Trenches are formed through the nitride layer down to the source/drain junctions. A silicide fills the trenches.

Abstract: A method includes bonding a first wafer to a second wafer, with a first plurality of dielectric layers in the first wafer and a second plurality of dielectric layers in the second wafer bonded between a first substrate of the first wafer and a second substrate in the second wafer. A first opening is formed in the first substrate, and the first plurality of dielectric layers and the second wafer are etched through the first opening to form a second opening. A metal pad in the second plurality of dielectric layers is exposed to the second opening. A conductive plug is formed extending into the first and the second openings.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first insulating interlayer on a first region of a substrate and a second insulating interlayer on a second region of the substrate, a plurality of first wiring structures on the first insulating interlayer, the first wiring structures being spaced apart from each other, a plurality of second wiring structures filling a plurality of trenches on the second insulating interlayer, respectively, an insulation capping structure selectively on a surface of the first insulating interlayer between the first wiring structures and on a sidewall and an upper surface of each of the first wiring structures, the insulation capping structure including an insulating material, a third insulating interlayer on the first and second wiring structures, and an air gap among the first wiring structures under the third insulating interlayer.

Abstract: Semiconductor structure and methods of fabrication thereof are provided which includes, for instance, providing a carbon-doped material layer within a recess of a semiconductor structure; removing, in part, carbon from the carbon-doped material layer to obtain, at least in part, a carbon-depleted region thereof, the carbon-depleted region having a modified etch property with an increased etch rate compared to an etch rate of the carbon-doped material layer; and recessing the carbon-depleted region of the carbon-doped material layer by an etching process, with the carbon-depleted region being recessed based upon, in part, the modified etch property of the carbon-depleted region.

Abstract: A high density fan out package structure may include a contact layer. The contact layer includes a conductive interconnect layer having a first surface facing an active die and a second surface facing a redistribution layer. The high density fan out package structure has a barrier layer on the first surface of the conductive interconnect layer. The high density fan out package structure may also include the redistribution layer, which has conductive routing layers. The conductive routing layers may be configured to couple a first conductive interconnect to the conductive interconnect layer. The high density fan out package structure may further include a first via coupled to the barrier liner and configured to couple with a second conductive interconnect to the active die.

Abstract: The present invention provides, among others, apparatus for detecting a disease, comprising a system delivery biological subject and a probing and detecting device, wherein the probing and detecting device includes a first micro-device and a first substrate supporting the first micro-device, the first micro-device contacts a biologic material to be detected and is capable of measuring at the microscopic level an electric, magnetic, electromagnetic, thermal, optical, acoustical, biological, chemical, physical, or mechanical property of the biologic material.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices having air gap spacers that are formed as part of BEOL or MOL layers of the semiconductor devices are provided, as well as methods for fabricating such air gap spacers. For example, a method comprises forming a first metallic structure and a second metallic structure on a substrate, wherein the first and second metallic structures are disposed adjacent to each other with insulating material disposed between the first and second metallic structures. The insulating material is etched to form a space between the first and second metallic structures. A layer of dielectric material is deposited over the first and second metallic structures using a pinch-off deposition process to form an air gap in the space between the first and second metallic structures, wherein a portion of the air gap extends above an upper surface of at least one of the first metallic structure and the second metallic structure.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices having air gap spacers that are formed as part of BEOL or MOL layers of the semiconductor devices are provided, as well as methods for fabricating such air gap spacers. For example, a method comprises forming a first metallic structure and a second metallic structure on a substrate, wherein the first and second metallic structures are disposed adjacent to each other with insulating material disposed between the first and second metallic structures. The insulating material is etched to form a space between the first and second metallic structures. A layer of dielectric material is deposited over the first and second metallic structures using a pinch-off deposition process to form an air gap in the space between the first and second metallic structures, wherein a portion of the air gap extends above an upper surface of at least one of the first metallic structure and the second metallic structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of fabricating a semiconductor structure in accordance with some embodiments. The method includes forming a first low-k dielectric layer over a substrate; forming a first and second metal features in the first low-k dielectric layer; forming a first trench in the first low-k dielectric layer, the first trench spanning between the first and second metal features; performing a ultraviolet (UV) treatment to sidewalls of the first low-k dielectric layer in the first trench; forming a first etch stop layer in the first trench; and depositing a second low-k dielectric layer on the first etch stop layer, thereby forming an air gap in the first trench.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a first plug; a bit line which is in contact with the first plug and over the first plug and extended in one direction; a second plug including a first part adjacent to the bit line and a second part adjacent to the first plug; a double air gap which is disposed between the first part of the second plug and the bit line and includes a first air gap surrounding the first part of the second plug and a second air gap parallel to sidewalls of the bit line; and a capping layer suitable for capping the first and second air gaps.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, and a dielectric layer on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate. A contact stack is formed in the dielectric layer. The contact stack includes an electrically conductive contact element, and a contact liner on first and second opposing sidewalls of the contact element. A first air gap is interposed between the dielectric layer and the contact liner on the first side wall, and a second air gap interposed between the dielectric layer and the contact liner on the second side wall.

Abstract: Methods for processing a microelectronic topography include selectively etching a layer of the topography using an etch solution which includes a fluid in a supercritical or liquid state. In some embodiments, the etch process may include introducing a fresh composition of the etch solution into a process chamber while simultaneously venting the chamber to inhibit the precipitation of etch byproducts. A rinse solution including the fluid in a supercritical or liquid state may be introduced into the chamber subsequent to the etch process. In some cases, the rinse solution may include one or more polar cosolvents, such as acids, polar alcohols, and/or water mixed with the fluid to help inhibit etch byproduct precipitation. In addition or alternatively, at least one of the etch solution and rinse solution may include a chemistry which is configured to modify dissolved etch byproducts within an ambient of the topography to inhibit etch byproduct precipitation.

Abstract: A dual damascene article of manufacture comprises a trench containing a conductive metal column where the trench and the conductive metal column extend down into and are contiguous with a via. The trench and the conductive metal column and the via have a common axis. These articles comprise interconnect structures incorporating air-gap spacers containing metal/insulator structures for Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) and Ultra Large Scale Integrated (ULSI) devices and packaging. The trench in this regard comprises a sidewall air-gap immediately adjacent the side walls of the trench and the conductive metal column, the sidewall air-gap extending down to the via to a depth below a line fixed by the bottom of the trench, and continues downward in the via for a distance of from about 1 Angstrom below the line to the full depth of the via. In another aspect, the article of manufacture comprises a capped dual damascene structure.

Abstract: Reducing liner corrosion during metallization of semiconductor devices at BEOL includes providing a starting metallization structure, the structure including a bottom layer of dielectric material with a via therein, a liner lining the via and extending over upper edges thereof, the lined via over filled with a conductive material, recessing the conductive material down to the liner, further selectively recessing the conductive material below the upper edges of the via without damaging the liner, and forming a cap of the liner material on the conductive material.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which an air-gap located at a side of a bit line stack is extended to an upper part of the bit line stack is disclosed. An embodiment includes: a bit line stack; a plurality of storage node contacts located at both sides of the bit line stack; and an air-gap located between the bit line stack and the storage node contacts, and extended above the bit line stack.

Abstract: A display device driving method is provided. The display device driving method comprises the steps outlined below. A display device is provided, in which each of the first gate lines of a driving circuit of the display device has a first RC value and each of the second gate lines of the drive circuit has a second RC value smaller than the first RC value. A first gate driving signal having a first pulse width is generated to each of the first gate lines to drive corresponding first pixel rows. A second gate driving signal having a second pulse width is generated to each of the second gate lines to drive corresponding second pixel rows, wherein the second pulse width is smaller than the first pulse width.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) is disclosed. A conductive feature over a substrate is provided. A first dielectric layer is deposited over the conductive feature and the substrate. A via-forming-trench (VFT) is formed in the first dielectric layer to expose the conductive feature and the substrate around the conductive feature. The VFT is filled in by a sacrificial layer. A via-opening is formed in the sacrificial layer to expose the conductive feature. A metal plug is formed in the via-opening to connect to the conductive feature. The sacrificial layer is removed to form a surrounding-vacancy around metal plug and the conductive feature. A second dielectric layer is deposited over the substrate to seal a portion of the surrounding-vacancy to form an enclosure-air-gap all around the metal plug and the conductive feature.

Abstract: An interconnect structure includes a first low-k dielectric layer formed over a substrate. A first metal line is disposed in the first low-k dielectric layer. The first metal line includes a first conductive body with a first width and an up landing pad with a second width. The first width is smaller than the second width. The interconnect structure further includes a first air-gap adjacent to sidewalls of the first conductive body. The interconnect structure also includes a second low-k dielectric layer formed over the first low-k dielectric layer and a first via in the second low-k dielectric layer and disposed on the up landing pad.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first conductive structure including a first conductive pattern that is formed over a substrate, a second conductive structure formed adjacent to a sidewall of the first conductive structure, and an insulation structure including an air gap that is formed between the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure, wherein the second conductive structure includes a second conductive pattern, an ohmic contact layer that is to formed over the second conductive pattern, and a third conductive pattern that is formed over the ohmic contact layer and is separated from the first conductive pattern through the air gap.

Abstract: Methods of forming a semiconductor device are provided. The methods may include forming a second insulation pattern on a first insulation pattern. The first insulation pattern may cover a plurality of conductive structures, and may include a hole therein. The second insulation pattern may include a trench therein that is connected with the hole. The methods may also include forming a spacer on sidewalls of the hole and the trench. The methods may further include forming a wiring structure in the hole and the trench.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming, over a substrate, a plurality of first conductive structures which are separated from one another; forming multi-layered dielectric patterns including a first dielectric layer which covers upper ends and both sidewalls of the first conductive structures; removing portions of the first dielectric layer starting from lower end portions of the first conductive structures to define air gaps, and forming second conductive structures which are filled between the first conductive structures.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards techniques and configurations for a bridge interconnect assembly that can be embedded in a package assembly. In one embodiment, a package assembly includes a package substrate configured to route electrical signals between a first die and a second die and a bridge embedded in the package substrate and configured to route the electrical signals between the first die and the second die, the bridge including a bridge substrate, one or more through-hole vias (THVs) formed through the bridge substrate, and one or more traces disposed on a surface of the bridge substrate to route the electrical signals between the first die and the second die. Routing features including traces and a ground plane of the bridge interconnect assembly may be separated by an air gap. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Copper can be etched with selectivity to Ta/TaN barrier liner and SiC hardmask layers, for example, to reduce the potential copper contamination. The copper film can be recessed more than the liner to further enhance the protection. Wet etch solutions including a mixture of HF and HCl can be used for selective etching copper with respect to the liner material, for example, the copper film can be recessed between 2 and 3 nm, and the barrier liner film can be recessed between 1.5 and 2 nm.