Abstract: The particulate waste is mixed with plastic waste in a screw extruder, pressed and extruded. The particulate waste and plastic waste are introduced into the feed hopper of a screw extruder. The components introduced are intimately mixed in the screw extruder by the rotating screw(s) and firmly compressed. The pressure in the mixture may be up to 100 bar. The particulate waste is bound in the plastic in a way that prevents any further contact with the environment.

Abstract: A process for making fuel cubes from straw includes the steps of drying and cutting the straw, adding lime to the straw and applying ammonia to the straw. The straw is then placed in a densification machine or cuber where solid bricks are formed. The ammonia breaks down the natural crystalline lattice structure of the straw's cellulose thus allowing it to be compacted.

Abstract: Fuel briquettes are made by blending a caking coal with pitch at a temperature above 100.degree. C. but below 200.degree. C. to form a pitch/coal alloy binder which is then hot-blended with any caking coke, especially petroleum coke and optionally finely-divided limestone. The pressed briquettes are then subjected to hardening heat treatment and are found to be resistent to mechanical deterioration on long-term storage.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for manufacturing solid fuel which includes the steps of mixing a biomass, a heavy hydrocarbon and a sorbent to form a hydrocarbon-biomass slurry, the biomass being characterized by a particle size and distribution of about 50% between about 250-2000 .mu.m and about 50% less than about 250 .mu.m, and more preferably as follows:______________________________________ distribution particle size ______________________________________ 10-20% 1250-2000 .mu.m 10-20% 500-1250 .mu.m 10-20% 250-500 .mu.m balance .ltoreq.250 .mu.m ______________________________________compacting the slurry to form a solid fuel agglomerate; and baking the agglomerate so as to form a solid fuel briquette having a resistance to compression of at least about 22 kg/cm.sup.2. The mixing step includes the step of mixing the biomass, hydrocarbon and sorbent in the following proportions, by weight: ______________________________________ biomass 50-70%; hydrocarbon 30-45%; and sorbent 5-10%.

Abstract: A process for the agglomeration of coal fines comprises the steps of mixing the coal fines with an agglomerating liquid which is further comprised of a reagent and a solvent portion. The coal fines are thereafter separated from the agglomerating liquid, dried, and preferentially compressed into pellet form. The process also entails the recovery and return of the agglomerating liquid. The agglomerating liquid of the present invention includes the reagent portion which is a member or a combination of the group consisting of aromatic tertiary amines, nonaromatic cyclic amines or primary organic amines. The solvent is an organic solvent, desirably a member or a combination of the group consisting of toulene, chloroform, carbon disulfide or dimethylacetamide. The pellet formed from the process of the present invention is uniquely water resistant and of controllable hardness.

Abstract: This invention discloses a process for reducing sulphur dioxide emission from burning coal containing sulphur. In the disclosed process, pulverized combustible materials, such as coal, wood flour, combustible plant, charcoal, etc., and a sulphur trapping agent composition are mixed homogeneously to form an admixture which is ground to powder with dimension from about 30 mesh to about 60 mesh. With an improved roll briquetter of the present invention, briquettes with a microporous surface layer of said admixture powder can be prepared. In such briquettes, the atomic ratio of calcium in the sulphur trapping agent composition to sulphur in the pulverized coal is within the range of from about 1.0 to about 2.0. Microporous pellets of said admixture having opening-porosity are also prepared with conventional roll briquetter. The diameter of the prepared pellets is within the range from about 8 mm to about 20 mm. A layer of said pellets covers the surface of pulverized coal in a burner for combustion.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for preparing briquets of charcoal or the like with various shapes, preferably half pillow or "D" shape, in which briquets are molded between roll type press for compressing particulate material wherein mold cavities are circumferentially arranged on one press roll and the other press roll is blank or flat with alternating integral moving cheek plates and stationary guide bars cooperating with said mold cavities in the pinch area; thus resulting in briquets which are easily released and removed from the mold cavity areas.

Abstract: Process for recycling and recovering solid urban waste and the like, consisting in subjecting solid urban waste (SUW), after the removal of any ferromagnetic material present therein, to high-pressure compression inside a screening press or the like, so as to separate the putrescible organic material from the dry material intended to form the combustible material, then subjecting the organic material to a process of anaerobic fermentation in a sealed and dry environment, so as to allow to extract, at the end of the fermentation cycle, the biogas thus produced, which can be used directly for producing electric power or for other uses, the residuals of fermentation in the form of humus being subsequently subjected to refining and then to screening to recover the light materials; sifting, within a known rotary screen, the dry material so as to separate the combustible components, such as paper, fabrics, wood, plastics, leather and rubber, from the inert ones, such as glass, non-ferrous metals and any organic par

Abstract: Fuel pellets are produced by reciprocating punches and complementary stationary dies across which waste solid or particulate organic materials are continuously passed. The reciprocating punches force the material into a reduced cross-sectional bore within each die, causing the formation of a pellet under controlled temperature conditions. The compresses material is permitted to gradually expand radially prior to leaving the die exit.

Abstract: Coal fines are agglomerated by mixing together the coal fines, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agent for the resin comprising one or more esters selected from esters of polyhydric alcohols, carbonate esters and lactones, forming the resulting mixture into agglomerates and drying and curing the agglomerates. A small proportion of a thermoplastics material such as polyvinyl alcohol or an acrylic polymer may be included to improve the surface hardness of the agglomerates, and a small proportion of a material which will improve the coking property and hot strength of the agglomerates, for example finely ground coking coal or bitumen when the coal fines are anthracite fines, may also be included.