Abstract: A supply modulator including a multiple output voltage regulator (MOVR) configured to output voltages in a discrete level-envelope tracking mode (DLETM) having different levels from each other respectively corresponding to reference output voltage signals, a switching regulator configured to output a switching regulator voltage, an output voltage being based on the switching regulator voltage and a selected voltage among the voltages in the DLETM and based on the switching regulator voltage in an average power tracking mode, a switching regulator controller configured to sense an output current of the MOVR to obtain a sensing value, and control the switching regulator based on the sensing value in the DLETM, a switch array comprising switches respectively corresponding to the voltages and configured to selectively connect the selected voltage to a power amplifier by performing a switching operation, and a switch controller configured to control the switching operation.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for mitigating interference in a network node. A method is performed by a control device (200). The method comprises receiving (S102) radio signals comprising at least one desired signal and interference, estimating (S104) a characteristic of the interference, wherein the estimation comprises calculating correlation statistics of power levels of frequency sub-bands comprising the interference with frequency sub-bands comprising the received radio signals. The method comprises determining (S106) an interference suppression matrix to suppress the interference in the frequency sub-bands of the received radio signals based on the estimated characteristic of the interference, wherein the interference suppression matrix is further determined based on information from inter-band interference observed across distinct sub-bands of the received radio signals.

Abstract: A matching circuit performs output impedance matching for an amplifier that amplifies an input signal and outputs an amplified signal. The matching circuit includes a low pass filter and a high pass filter. The ground of the low pass filter and the ground of the high pass filter are isolated from each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for intermodulation product (IMP) cancellation. In one embodiment, the method comprises: acquiring copies of source signals that create IMPs in a passband of interest; creating copies of the IMPs for use as IMP cancellation signals by either multiplying the source signals together as a series of digital samples such that the multiplied signals create a near real and continuous time copy of the IMPs or creating a sum of the source signals in near real and continuous time and convolving the sum of the source signals with a mathematical model to effectively multiply the signals together to create a copy of the IMPs; adjusting one or both of phase and amplitude of the copies; and using the copies to cancel the IMPs inband of the passband of interest.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station, a configuration indicating a set of resources for a reference signal to track an in-phase and quadrature-phase imbalance of the UE. The set of resources may include a first subset of resources for transmitting the reference signal and a second subset of resources for a mirror image signal that is generated during upconversion of the reference signal. The UE may upconvert the reference signal to a set of subcarriers corresponding to the first subset of resources and transmit the upconverted reference signal on the first subset of resources. The base station may receive the reference signal and the mirror image signal and determine a signal adjustment for communications with the UE based on the received reference signal and the received mirror image signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure is a novel utility of a software defined radio (SDR) based Distributed Antenna System (DAS) that is field reconfigurable and support multi-modulation schemes (modulation-independent), multi-carriers, multi-frequency bands and multi-channels. The present invention enables a high degree of flexibility to manage, control, enhance, facilitate the usage and performance of a distributed wireless network such as Flexible Simulcast, automatic traffic load-balancing, network and radio resource optimization, network calibration, autonomous/assisted commissioning, carrier pooling, automatic frequency selection, frequency carrier placement, traffic monitoring, traffic tagging, pilot beacon, etc. As a result, a DAS in accordance with the present invention can increase the efficiency and traffic capacity of the operators' wireless network.

Abstract: A system for linearized-mixer interference mitigation includes first and second linearized frequency downconverters; a sampling analog interference filtering system that, in order to remove interference in the transmit band, filters the sampled BB transmit signal to generate a cleaned BB transmit signal; an analog interference canceller that transforms the cleaned BB transmit signal to a BB interference cancellation signal; and a first signal coupler that combines the BB interference cancellation signal and the BB receive signal in order to remove a first portion of receive-band interference.

Abstract: Techniques for determining power levels of radios, including a time domain duplexing (TDD) system, in shared frequency spectrum is provided. A TDD radio, of the TDD system, in a neighborhood having a largest interference contribution in the frequency spectrum at the point. Transmit power levels are determined for (a) the selected TDD radio, (b) other radios in the neighborhood that are not part of the TDD system, and (c) at least one radio in the TDD system that is not the TDD radio having the largest interference contribution in the frequency spectrum. Thus, interference margin may be fairly allocated to radios in neighborhood(s) about protection points.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cell ID disambiguation are described. In one embodiment, a method may be disclosed for constructing a neighbor table, comprising: receiving, at a mobile base station, a physical cell identifier (PCI) of a detected neighbor base station from a user equipment (UE); receiving a global positioning system (GPS) position of the mobile base station; and associating the GPS position of the mobile base station with the PCI of the detected neighbor base station in a neighbor table.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for managing multiple wireless links, e.g., between base stations and wireless headsets. Each wireless link communicates data packets (e.g., audio data packets) according to a wireless protocol (e.g., Bluetooth) defining a series of connection intervals having a defined number of frames (e.g., Bluetooth eSCO intervals including 6 or 12 frames per interval). A controller stores interval segmentation data specifying a first interval segment (including a first subset of frames) allocated to original transmissions of packets and at least one additional interval segment (including additional subsets of frames) allocated to retransmissions of failed packets.

Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry with a baseband processor, a transceiver, and an antenna. The transceiver may include a transmit path, a receive path, and a loopback path that couples the transmit path to the receive path. A passive all-pass filter may be interposed on the loopback path. Control circuitry may calibrate I/Q mismatch of the wireless circuitry using the all-pass filter to optimize the radio-frequency performance of the wireless circuitry. Performing I/Q mismatch calibration using the all-pass filter may serve to minimize area consumption in the transceiver, may minimize calibration time, and may allow for calibration over a relatively wide bandwidth.

Abstract: An example device includes a headset interface to connect a headset that includes a speaker and a first microphone, a second microphone to detect ambient sound in an environment of the device, and a processor connected to the headset interface and the second microphone. The processor is to perform a volume adjustment to sound to be outputted at the speaker of the headset based on the ambient sound detected by the second microphone during a call that uses the headset. The processor is further to compensate the volume adjustment for a user's voice detected at the first microphone.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods and computer programs are described comprising: providing an incoming call indication in response to an incoming call, the incoming call indication including an initial ambient audio signal comprising a combination of first ambient audio and second ambient audio; receiving an ambient audio control command; and adjusting the initial ambient audio signal to generate an adjusted ambient audio signal depending on the ambient audio control command.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using a bootstrap and a preamble are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving on a BICM output signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: Controllable radio frequency power amplifiers (RFPAs), e.g., in a Hybrid-MIMO array, which are being driven at lower power levels, are operated at conditions such that their inherent EVM and ACLR are intentionally further increased. This increase of inherent EVM and ACLR is done in a precise manner, and the increased inherent EVM and ACLR are cancelled or reduced by the EVM and ACLR of the input Array DPD signal. The net result is improved EVM and ACLR performance over a broader range of angles. Exemplary methods and apparatus for increasing distortion include individual or combinations of: i) changing the DC bias a RFPA based on average operating power level; ii) changing supply voltage, e.g. Vcc, of a RFPA based on average operating power level, iii) adding a controllable non-linear element, such as a diode or varactor, at the input of the RFPA, based on the average operating power.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a dielectric cover layer, a dielectric substrate, and a phased antenna array on the dielectric substrate for conveying millimeter wave signals through the dielectric cover layer. The array may include conductive traces mounted against the dielectric layer. The conductive traces may form patch elements or parasitic elements for the phased antenna array. The dielectric layer may have a dielectric constant and a thickness selected to form a quarter wave impedance transformer for the array at a wavelength of operation of the array. The substrate may include fences of conductive vias that laterally surround each of the antennas within the array. When configured in this way, signal attenuation, destructive interference, and surface wave generation associated with the presence of the dielectric layer over the phased antenna array may be minimized.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a radio communication terminal device and a radio transmission method which can improve reception performance of a CQI and a reference signal. A phase table storage unit stores a phase table which correlates the amount of cyclic shift to complex coefficients {w1, w2} to be multiplied on the reference signal. A complex coefficient multiplication unit reads out a complex coefficient corresponding to the amount of cyclic shift indicated by resource allocation information, from the phase table storage unit and multiplies the read-out complex coefficient on the reference signal so as to change the phase relationship between the reference signals in a slot.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a dielectric cover layer, a dielectric substrate, and a phased antenna array on the dielectric substrate for conveying millimeter wave signals through the dielectric cover layer. The array may include conductive traces mounted against the dielectric layer. The conductive traces may form patch elements or parasitic elements for the phased antenna array. The dielectric layer may have a dielectric constant and a thickness selected to form a quarter wave impedance transformer for the array at a wavelength of operation of the array. The substrate may include fences of conductive vias that laterally surround each of the antennas within the array. When configured in this way, signal attenuation, destructive interference, and surface wave generation associated with the presence of the dielectric layer over the phased antenna array may be minimized.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cell ID disambiguation are described. In one embodiment, a method may be disclosed for constructing a neighbor table, comprising: receiving, at a mobile base station, a physical cell identifier (PCI) of a detected neighbor base station from a user equipment (UE); receiving a global positioning system (GPS) position of the mobile base station; and associating the GPS position of the mobile base station with the PCI of the detected neighbor base station in a neighbor table.

Abstract: A wireless device receives one or more downlink control information (DCI) comprising transmission parameters for a plurality of signals and one or more power control commands. The wireless device calculates a transmission power of each of the plurality of signals employing the one or more power control commands. The wireless device calculates an energy detection threshold based, at least in part, on the transmission power of the plurality of signals. The wireless device performs a listen before talk (LBT) procedure employing the energy detection threshold.

Abstract: A method for a transmitter of a mobile communication system transmitting and receiving signals according to an embodiment of the present specification comprises the steps of: transmitting to a receiver system information for transmitting a signal to the receiver including a connection between a wireless resource and a transmitting antenna; transmitting a reference signal to the receiver based on the system information; and receiving from the receiver feedback information generated based on the reference signal. According to an embodiment of the present specification, in a beamforming transmission method of a mobile communication system, a transmitter can determine whether to perform digital pre-coding without advance information from a receiver and can consequently perform a transmission, and can thereby perform lower-overhead and efficient signal transmission/reception.

Abstract: This invention provides a signal processing apparatus for changing an input sound into an easy-to-hear sound. The signal processing apparatus includes a transformer that transforms an input signal into an amplitude component signal in a frequency domain, a stationary component estimator that estimates a stationary component signal having a frequency spectrum with a stationary characteristic based on the amplitude component signal in the frequency domain, a replacement unit that generates a new amplitude component signal using the amplitude component signal obtained by the transformer and the stationary component signal, and replaces the amplitude component signal by the new amplitude component signal, and an inverse transformer that inversely transforms the new amplitude component signal into an enhanced signal.

Abstract: An attenuator having an impedance that is controllable by a first setpoint signal is coupled to a transmission line. A matching circuit having an impedance that is controllable by a second setpoint signal is also coupled to the transmission line. A transformer circuit block also coupled to the transmission line has a complex impedance. A control circuit sets the first and second setpoint signals so as to control a conjugate impedance relationship between the variable impedances presented by the attenuator and matching circuit relative to the complex impedance of the transformer circuit.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a transmission device includes a receiver configured to receive an interfering signal via an antenna. A controller is configured to select a subset of a plurality of guided electromagnetic wave resource blocks, based on the interfering signal, to mitigate an interference with a distributed antenna system. A transmitter is configured to generate electromagnetic signals conveying data, in accordance with the subset of the plurality of guided electromagnetic wave resource blocks. A coupler is configured to generate guided electromagnetic waves in response to the electromagnetic signals, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves propagate, without requiring an electrical return path, along a surface of a transmission medium of a distributed antenna system.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal apparatus including a first wireless communication interface that performs wireless communication with an electronic apparatus using a first wireless communication scheme, a second wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication with the electronic apparatus using a second wireless communication scheme, and a processor. The processor performs processing that displays on a display a display image that is based on information on the degree of radio wave interference in communication with the electronic apparatus in compliance with the first wireless communication scheme and information on a distance to the electronic apparatus, which is obtained based on a beacon signal that is received using the second wireless communication scheme.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for implementing channel measurement are disclosed in the present invention. The method includes: determining an antenna port subset, which is required to be measured, for a UE according to current state information of the user equipment UE; and informing the UE to perform channel measurement for the subset of antenna ports that is required to be measured and feed back channel state information. Through the present invention, when the state information of the UE meets a certain condition, the UE measures only the reference signals of a part of antenna ports, and feeds back channel state information for this part of antenna ports. Therefore, the overhead generated by the feedback of the UE to the channel state information is reduced.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus is provided that is capable of performing setting of a wireless LAN access point so that frequency utilization efficiency of an entire wireless communication system that includes wireless LAN access points of different manufacturers and different model numbers is improved.

Abstract: Provided is an imbalance compensation device that compensates for an imbalance between an in-phase component and a quadrature-phase component of a signal, the imbalance compensation device including: an extracting unit that extracts a signal component in an upper sideband or a signal component in a lower sideband from the signal; a measuring unit that measures power of the signal component in the upper sideband or the signal component in the lower sideband extracted by the extracting unit; and an adjusting unit that adjusts a parameter related to the imbalance, in accordance with the power measured by the measuring unit.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for communicating in a multi-band cluster. A multi-band member access point (MMAP) may be capable of communicating with a multi-band control access point (MCAP) using a first frequency band, and capable of communicating with associated stations (STAs) using a second frequency band. The MMAP may transmit data in the second frequency band to the associated STA, may transmit a request for interference information in the second frequency band to at least one associated STA, may receive an interference report in the second frequency band from the at least one associated STA, may transmit information in the first frequency band to the MCAP, wherein the information is based on the interference report received from the at least one associated STA in the second frequency band, and may receive, from the MCAP in the first frequency band, information regarding radio resource management of the second frequency band.

Abstract: A Random Access (RA) method is provided, comprising receiving, by a base station, a resource request transmitted by at least one of a plurality of terminal devices during one RA time slot, with the resource request including one or more preambles; detecting, by the base station, a priority level of the resource request based on a number of preambles in the resource request; and assigning, by the base station, uplink resources according to the resource request and the priority level.

Abstract: A memory management method and a storage controller using the same are provided. The memory management method includes: establishing an array; selecting a first block from spare blocks at an initial time point and storing a first index number of the first block to a look-ahead block; adding the first index number in the look-ahead block to the array at a first time point, selecting a second block from the spare blocks and replacing the first index number stored to the look-ahead block with a second index number of the second block, and programming the first block; and adding the second index number in the look-ahead block to the array at a second time point, selecting a third block from the spare blocks and replacing the second index number in the look-ahead block with a third index number of the third block, and programming the second block.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes techniques and systems for wireless communication via a mobile relay. These techniques may include a user device that determines that a transceiver is unavailable for communicating with a base station via a wireless connection. The user device then uses a mobile relay to communicate with the base station while the transceiver is unavailable. The mobile relay may be used for transmitting or receiving data from the base station. Additionally or alternatively, the mobile relay may participate in the wireless connection as an external resource of the mobile device or may establish an independent wireless connection with the base station.

Abstract: Aspects disclosed in the detailed description include antenna switching for a communication circuit. A communication circuit includes an antenna switching circuit that couples the communication circuit to a first antenna and/or a second antenna for radio frequency (RF) signal transmission and reception. The antenna switching circuit is configured to include fewer antenna switches compared to a conventional antenna switching circuit to reduce the cost and footprint of the communication circuit. Furthermore, by reducing the number of antenna switches in the antenna switching circuit, it is possible to improve RF isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, thus leading to improved RF performance of the communication circuit.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a transmission device includes a receiver configured to receive an interfering signal via an antenna. A controller is configured to select a subset of a plurality of guided electromagnetic wave resource blocks, based on the interfering signal, to mitigate an interference with a distributed antenna system. A transmitter is configured to generate electromagnetic signals conveying data, in accordance with the subset of the plurality of guided electromagnetic wave resource blocks. A coupler is configured to generate guided electromagnetic waves in response to the electromagnetic signals, wherein the guided electromagnetic waves propagate, without requiring an electrical return path, along a surface of a transmission medium of a distributed antenna system.

Abstract: The present disclosure is to provide a power wireless transmitter in a magnetic resonance-based wireless power transmission system, wherein when, due to a presence of a metal, an output from the wireless power transmitter has a change in a resonance frequency thereof, a drive frequency and/or duty ratio with a maximum output therefrom are determined to be applied for a transmission from the wireless power transmitter, thereby to achieve an efficient wireless power transmission.

Abstract: A method is provided in one example embodiment and may include negotiating power domain interference coordination (PDIC) parameters between a macro cell radio and at least one small cell radio; determining successive interference cancellation (SIC) parameters for each of one or more user equipment (UE) that are to perform SIC for one or more transmissions; and sending the SIC parameters to each of the one or more user equipment. Negotiating PDIC parameters can include determining, by the macro cell radio and at least one small cell radio, one or more physical resource blocks (PRBs) for which transmission power levels can be coordinated for a plurality of frequencies in a frequency domain and a plurality of subframes in a time domain and exchanging PDIC parameters between the cell radios in order to perform PDIC transmissions for UE served by the cell radios.

Abstract: A method and apparatus configures a wireless network comprising a plurality of nodes to mitigate effects of an external interference source. A subset of the nodes simultaneously participate in an external interference sampling process in which each node of the subset samples signals received by an antenna array of that node. A measurement report, comprising a signal source angle and a received signal strength, is received from a node. A location of the external interference source is estimated using the measurement report. The external interference source is then characterized using the estimated location of the external interference source and the received signal strength to calculate for the external interference source at least one of: a source power; a beam width; an antenna bearing; and a front-to-back transmission ratio. The nodes are configured to mitigate effects of the external interference source in dependence on a result of the characterizing step.

Abstract: Techniques are described for wireless communication at a wireless communication device. One method includes determining an availability of a sub-band of a shared radio frequency spectrum band during a first portion of a distributed channel availability check (CAC); receiving at least one indication that the sub-band is available during remaining portions of the distributed CAC; and communicating over the sub-band based at least in part on determining the sub-band is available during the first portion of the distributed CAC and the at least one indication that the sub-band is available during remaining portions of the distributed CAC.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first communication circuit configured to perform wireless communication with an external electronic device, based on a first communication protocol in which the wireless communication is possible based on at least one of a first frequency or a second frequency, a processor electrically connected to the communication circuit, and a memory electrically connected to the processor. The memory is configured to store instructions, the instructions, when executed, causing the processor to acquire information associated with at least one of a state or an operation of the electronic device and the first communication to perform the wireless communication selectively based on one of the first frequency or the second frequency, based on at least a part of the acquired information.

Abstract: A computer implemented method includes transmitting a transmit command to a first data concentrator to send out a predetermined signal of predetermined characteristics according to a transmission setting, receiving a received signal from at least one second data concentrator, and determining if there are any signal transmission effects between the first data concentrator and the second data concentrator based on a comparison of the predetermined signal and the received signal.

Abstract: Various embodiments associated with use of an echo signal are described. A plurality of sensors can be deployed to obtain editions of a signal of interest. The signal of interest may be so far away from the sensors that the editions collected are too noisy to be analyzed. A processing center can send an echo signal to the sensors and the sensors can respond to the processing center with a signal edition of the signal of interest and the echo signal. Since the processing center knows information about the echo signal, offsets among the sensors can be calculated based on the returned echo signals. These offsets can then be used to align the signal editions. At the processing center, the aligned signal editions can be combined into a combined signal and a demodulation scheme for the combined signal can be determined and then used for demodulation of the signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a terminal and a terminal multiple protection method. The radiation processing module is configured to convert after preprocessing a first signal received from the external into a second signal that can be recognized by a baseband chip of a terminal. A radiation diagnosis module is configured to extract signal characteristics expressed by the second signal, to classify signals via comparison of signal characteristics, to diagnose to acquire a signal type to which the second signal pertains, and to output the second signal to a radiation protection control module for executing a relevant protection process for the corresponding signal type. The radiation protection module is configured to acquire the second signal and the corresponding signal type thereof and to selectively execute a relevant protection control process among multiple protection processes on the basis of the corresponding signal type.

Abstract: A power transmitting apparatus that performs power transmission to a power receiving apparatus includes an amplifier including a switching element, receives a load power amount from the power receiving apparatus, detects a value for evaluating the efficiency of the amplifier, and based on the load power amount and the detected value for evaluating the efficiency, increases or reduces a voltage that is to be supplied to the amplifier.

Abstract: A microphone device including a first sound receiving module and a second sound receiving module is provided. The first sound receiving module includes a first output terminal and receives a sound signal to output a first electronic signal through the first output terminal. The second sound receiving module, which disposed adjacent to the first sound receiving module to receive the sound signal, includes a second output terminal and outputs a second electronic signal through the second output terminal accordingly. The first output terminal of the first sound receiving module is coupled to the second output terminal of the second sound receiving module, and the phase of the first electronic signal and the phase of the second electronic signal are inverse to each other.

Abstract: An exemplary system comprises a linearizer module, a first upconverter module, a power amplifier module, a signal sampler module, and a downconverter module. The linearizer module may be configured to receive a first intermediate frequency signal and to adjust the first intermediate frequency signal based on a reference signal and a signal based on a second intermediate frequency signal. The first upconverter module may be configured to receive and up-convert a signal based on the adjusted first intermediate frequency signal to a radio frequency signal. The power amplifier module may be configured to receive and amplify a power of a signal based on the radio frequency signal. The signal sampler module may be configured to sample a signal based on the amplified radio frequency signal. The downconverter module may be configured to receive and down-convert a signal based on the sampled radio frequency signal to the second intermediate frequency signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems that compensate for communication excursions in multipath communication systems (e.g. MIMO communication systems) while satisfying performance requirements parameters of the communication system. A plurality of communication signals may be received in a transmitter. The plurality of communication signals may be precoded (e.g. mixed) into a plurality of precoded communication signals. Excursions in the precoded communication signals may be scaled to generate a plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals. The scaling may be based on performance requirements parameters of a communication system and based on parameters of the precoding the plurality of communication signals. The plurality of excursion compensated precoded communication signals may then be amplified by a plurality of amplifiers.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for measuring passive intermodulation (PIM) associated with a device under test (DUT) includes generating a test signal using a measuring instrument and obtaining measurements of PIM for the DUT. The test signal comprises two or more tones each amplified to a target output power by a respective amplifier according to a duty cycle. Measurements are obtained by the measuring instrument during an active portion of each duty cycle over a sweep of frequencies. PIM is calculated for the DUT by averaging a plurality of measurements obtained for each frequency from the sweep of frequencies. The duty cycle is determined based on the target output power.

Abstract: A mobile device uses externals microphone signals to improve the estimate of background noise that it computes. In order to improve voice quality in a first signal that is produced by an internal microphone, the mobile device identifies an external microphone device within proximity of the mobile device. The mobile device establishes a wireless connection with the external microphone device. The mobile device receives a second signal from the external microphone device through the wireless connection. The second signal is produced by a microphone of the external microphone device. The mobile device generates a noise profile based on the second signal, and then suppresses background/ambient noise from the first signal based on the noise profile. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A network access method, device, and system. The method includes: detecting, by a mobile wireless interconnection device, whether interference exists between a first channel and a second channel, where the first channel is between the mobile wireless interconnection device and a station, and the second channel is between the mobile wireless interconnection device and a hotspot access device; if interference exists, reducing, by the mobile wireless interconnection device, its own transmit power, so that no interference exists between the first channel and the second channel, and the station accesses the Internet by using the mobile wireless fidelity device and the hotspot access device.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program product for signal emitter identification using Higher-Order Cumulants (HOC) is presented. At least one transient signal is received from an emitter when the emitter turns on. The at least one transient signal is processed using at least one Higher-Order Cumulant (HOC) to provide a set of entries for a vector table. A feature vector is derived from the vector table, the feature vector identifying the emitter. The feature vector is used to identify an emitter.