Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for a neural engine for recommending picks in an on-line fantasy sport draft and in on-line fantasy trades. The apparatus, system and method may include at least one computing memory having associated therewith a plurality of rules, wherein at least ones of the plurality of rules include historical performance information for at least two fantasy sports teams in at least two fantasy sports leagues, wherein one of the at least two fantasy sports leagues is associated with the on-line fantasy sports draft, and expert information regarding the picks in the on-line fantasy sports draft. The present invention may additionally include at least one computer processor that applies ones of the plurality of rules drawn from the at least one computing memory to arrive at a recommendation.

Abstract: When small blocks are cleared by an object clearance controller (113) in any one of game fields, a field movement controller (114) causes the game fields to move in accordance with the number of the cleared small blocks. The game field in which the small blocks are cleared is caused to move away from a game end determination line while the other game field(s) is caused to move closer to the game end determination line. Thus, a puzzle game is realized, which implements a new display configuration and thereby improves a player's interest. Further, the player is able to intuitively grasp his/her lead over the opponent in the course of a battle.

Abstract: Manual operation means controls a motion of an operation target character in accordance with operation data outputted from an input device. Automatic motion control means controls the motion of the operation target character in accordance with a series of pieces of operation data which are prepared in advance. Game control means performs a first process when a first condition is satisfied as a result of control of the motion of the operation target character by the manual operation means only in a predetermined interval in a game in progress, performs a second process which is different from the first process when a second condition is satisfied, and executes the first when the control of the motion is performed by the automatic motion control means in at least a part of the interval regardless of whichever condition is satisfied.

Abstract: Provided is a screen operation method for operating a character in a virtually 3-dimensional space displayed on a 2-dimensional screen. The method includes: inputting a movement command for an object by an input device; displaying on a movement amount display unit, a change of an object movement amount in accordance with the movement command; displaying accumulated effect by the object movement on an accumulated effect display unit; and executing the next event process in the virtually 3-dimensional space by an event generation unit when the accumulated effect has reached a predetermined value. Thus, it is possible to provide GUI exhibiting higher reality in an operation of a simulation game and the like and provide a new business of an online game in which a virtual game world is linked with a real service.

Abstract: A racing car steering wheel assembly provides an input/output interface for a participant in a multimedia interactive electronic game. Two primary paddles on the underside of the wheel control throttle and braking functions, respectively. Secondary paddles or buttons may be included on either the side of the wheel for optionally controlling gear selection. Integral accelerometers are included for determining wheel rotation. Steering inputs are caused either by rotation about a fixed point to which the wheel may be affixed or by rotation in free air. A wired or wireless interface to a PC or game console provides communication with game software and optional wired or wireless communication between the user and other individuals. Switches and buttons may be included to emulate controls on real race cars and for inputting game information. A panel display and/or a decorative logo plate may be included on the wheel.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for conducting a combat simulation game in which each player is outfitted with equipment enabling data concerning the game play ability of the player to be transmitted to a local server for use in computing a player performance data for individual players in comparison with all other players having data stored within the system. The equipment transmits various data to the server which is utilized by the server to update the player performance data in a real-time manner that can be accessed and viewed by other players from remote locations.

Abstract: A method of the present invention includes requiring a player to purchase a predetermined amount of playing time for a predetermined amount of money; inputting an initial average Return-To-Player (RTP) percentage of the regulated game; initiating the regulated game, and during the purchased predetermined amount of playing time: providing a plurality of reward generating assets and enabling the player to interact therewith, a successful interaction with a reward generating asset generating a reward for the player, and providing a plurality of time penalty inducing assets, interaction with one of which imposes a predetermined time penalty during which the player is prevented from interacting with any of the plurality of reward generating assets whereby, after interaction with one of the plurality of penalty inducing assets, the initial average RTP percentage is reduced by an amount proportional to a length of the predetermined time penalty.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system that creates virtual events within a virtual world. A virtual event may be akin to a real event, but is completely computer generated within a computer-generated world and is based on statistical measures, either real world or created. Numerous characteristics about the competitors and the competition location parameters are available before a competition event. Based on the known parameters about the location of an event and the characteristics of the participants and their historical past performances in similar events enable bettors to make informed wagers on an event that greatly enhances the satisfaction and involvement in a competition event. As such, Histories of virtual events are maintained on actual virtual performance data of competitors in the virtual world. The histories can include all relevant virtual data about a competitor and the past events the competitor competed. Individuals throughout the real-world may place wagers (e.g.

Abstract: In a gaming device, an input receiving unit receives an instruction input to specify a position where a moving object is to be arranged. The moving object is movable in a predetermined pathway. A memory unit stores, for each of a plurality of timings, a timing and a position where the moving object is to be placed at that timing in association with each other. For each of the plurality of timings, a sound outputting unit determines whether a position stored in the memory unit in association with a timing matches a position specified by a latest instruction input received by the input receiving unit. When the positions match, the sound outputting unit outputs a sound associated with the matching position.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the automatic scoring of a vocal performance are provided. The systems and methods for providing feedback and scoring a vocal performance generally relate to receiving/processing a user's vocals, measuring the various performance qualities of the performance according stored evaluation policies and rendering a score according to stored scoring policies.

Abstract: A system for tracking balls in sports in which players kick, pass, bounce, strike or carry a ball. The ball is equipped with two beacons pulsing in the 5-10 Hz range at a frequency which is not attenuated by the body of the players. one beacon has a very short range of 40-120 cm and the other has a range of 1-5 meters. A data logger worn by the players includes a clock, location and speed sensors, a receiver for the beacon signals and a micro controller to record the data from all the sensors. The micro controller is able to record whether the player is in possession of the ball or is contesting the ball. The path of the ball from player to player is tracked relative to the playing field. An impact or pressure sensor may be fitted to the players footwear, glove or a bat stick, club or racquet to register a kick or ball strike.

Abstract: The game apparatus obtains angular velocity data and acceleration data from an input device equipped with at least an angular velocity sensor and an acceleration sensor, and determines whether or not a ball has been thrown in accordance with the angular velocity data. When it is determined that ball-throwing is fulfilled, the game apparatus calculates the intensity of swinging the input device and a curve amount. The game apparatus applies a force and a curve to a ball in accordance with the calculated intensity of swinging and the curve amount, and performs a process of causing the ball to move and curve in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A system and method for playing a multi-player music video game with a drum system video game controller is provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for providing a drum solo with a music based multi-player video game. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a system for providing analog input from one or more drum sensors used in game play associated with a music based multi-player video game. In yet another embodiment, the invention relates to a method for preventing interference between the one or more drum sensors. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for mapping digital information indicative of input to a video game controller in a first form to information in a second form, the second form conforming to a protocol for inputs to a video game console executing a music based multi-player video game.

Abstract: A game system moves a player character in a virtual game space in accordance with an operation by a player. Further, the player character's moving amount per predetermined unit time is detected at each predetermined time interval. A predetermined parameter (gage amount) value is calculated at each predetermined time interval based on the moving amount detected at each predetermined time interval. Also, the game system adds the predetermined parameter value calculated at each predetermined time interval for accumulation. In response to a predetermined operation performed by the player, the game system causes the player character to perform a predetermined motion (e.g., special shot) on a condition such that a value obtained as a result of the addition reaches a predetermined value.

Abstract: In a game played by a plurality of game machines through teamwork, an evaluation is performed according to the correlation among operation information obtained through communications with each of the game machines. A plurality of game machines communicate with one another to establish timing synchronization. After the game, input timings at which buttons are operated during the game are collected and then evaluated so as to determine an absolute and relative timing coincidence in a predetermined period (unison part). A predetermined number of points are added to its game score based on the evaluation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a gaming system including a game controller arranged to generate a skill outcome in response to an input from a player and that is at least partially dependent on a skill of the player. The game controller is arranged to generate an artificial outcome that is controlled by the game controller. The gaming system also includes a game outcome controller arranged to generate a game outcome based on a criterion such that, if the criterion is met, the game outcome is at least partially determined by one of the skill outcome and the artificial outcome and, if the criterion is not met, the game outcome is at least partially determined by the other one of the skill outcome and the artificial outcome. A reward allocator is arranged to allocate a reward that is at least partially dependent on the game outcome.

Abstract: Provided is a game machine allowing a game player to give an instruction to perform predetermined game processing to the game machine and an instruction of the condition of when the predetermined game processing is started. The game machine performs game processing at given time intervals, updates one or more game-related parameters, and causes the update to be reflected on a game screen. A storage unit (50) stores a parameter condition representing the condition of parameters in correspondence with each of a plurality of items of operation information indicating details of an operation for making the game machine execute given game processing. A judging unit (56) judges whether or not the one or more parameters satisfy the parameter condition corresponding to operation information indicating details of a game player's operation. A game processing executing unit (58) starts executing the given game processing in accordance with a judgment made by the judging unit (56).

Abstract: Methods for game aim assist are provided. In electronic games, a game player may control the actions of a game character within a game environment. The game environment, which includes a focus area, may be displayed from a perspective of or with respect to a game character. During game play, one or more objects may be detected in the focus area. One of the objects may then be selected based on the distance between the object and the center of the focus area. The aim of the game character is then automatically adjusted toward the selected object, which allows the game player to direct an attack action on the object.

Abstract: A start timing instructing device includes a sensor attachable to the body of a player to detect changes in angle and/or acceleration associated with a backswing movement of the player. A variable resistor sets a start timing associated with a predetermined angle and/or acceleration data and has a volume by which the set start timing is adjustable. A microprocessor calculates an angle and/or acceleration data of the backswing movement based on the detected angle and/or acceleration and generates a start timing instruction if the calculated angle and/or acceleration data meet the angle and/or acceleration data which have been set and adjusted through the variable resistor and the volume. The microprocessor controls a stimulator attached to the body of the player to generate a vibration, sound or electric stimulation upon receiving the start timing instruction so as to inform the player of the body start timing for the downswing.

Abstract: In this program, a regulation command for controlling the movement of a first character is recognized by a control unit. After the regulation command for the first character is recognized by the control unit, a movement command for operating a second character is recognized by the control unit. Then, the state that the second character is moving based on the movement command is displayed on an image displaying unit using image data. The first character with movement controlled based on the regulation command is displayed on the image displaying unit using image data. And, if the receiving of commands related to movements for the first character and the second character is terminated by the control unit, a process for changing the ability data of the first character is executed by the control unit.

Abstract: A game apparatus has a touch panel for designating an arbitrary position within a screen on which a plurality of moving objects are arranged. A CPU repetitively detects the position designated via the touch panel, draws a line along the detected positions on the screen, every time that the detected position is in contact with any object within the screen, aligns the object on the line every time that the detected position is in contact with any object on the screen, moves the object aligned on the line to a trailing end direction of the line at a velocity V1 with the drawn line erasing from a leading end at a velocity V2 (>V1) and executes clearing processing in a case that an array of the objects on the line satisfies a matching condition with a goal condition array before the leading end of the line catches up with the object on the line.

Abstract: A switching section switches an operation subject of a user among a plurality of game characters. A first control section causes the game character that is set as the operation subject of the user among the plurality of game characters to behave based on a direction acquired based on an operation state of a first operation member. A second control section causes the game character that is not set as the operation subject of the user among the plurality of game characters to behave based on an operation of a computer. A selection section selects any one of the game characters controlled by the second control section based on a direction acquired based on an operation state of a second operation member. The switching section switches the operation subject of the user to the game character selected by the selection section.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus that allows for the connection of a pair of bass drum pedals to a single controller further comprises an electronic circuit housed within an enclosure and provided with two (2) input jacks to allow connection of two (2) standard bass drum pedals from the drum controller used in the video game ROCK BAND® (video game). An output cable is then provided for connection to the drum controller. The electronic circuit accepts the switch closure connections from either pedal and uses an array of electronic components to drive a relay which produces a contact closure. This contact closure is then used to feed the controller. The electronic circuit eliminates the collision and cancellation effects associated with simply combining the pedal closures in parallel. In such a manner, a videogame player can generate a greater number of bass drum pedal actuations in a given period of time by using both feet.

Abstract: A gaming system for conducting a wagering game includes at least one input device configured to receive a wager, at least one display device configured to display a wagering game, one or more thermal devices configured to produce a thermal effect, at least one controller in operative communication with the one or more thermal devices, at least one memory device storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the at least one controller, the one or more thermal devices to produce a thermal effect according to an aspect of the wagering game.

Abstract: A system for encouraging a user to perform substantial physical activity. The system may include sensors that may be worn by the user while the user is performing a substantial physical activity, such as running or playing basketball. The sensors may detect the magnitude of the physical activity and may transmit data regarding the physical activity to a processing system. The processing system may display a reward to encourage the user for participating in physical activity and the reward provided may be based on the physical activity of the user.

Abstract: A system and method for playing a multi-player music video game with a drum system video game controller is provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for providing a drum solo with a music based multi-player video game. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a system for providing analog input from one or more drum sensors used in game play associated with a music based multi-player video game. In yet another embodiment, the invention relates to a method for preventing interference between the one or more drum sensors. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for mapping digital information indicative of input to a video game controller in a first form to information in a second form, the second form conforming to a protocol for inputs to a video game console executing a music based multi-player video game.

Abstract: Players in a multi-player electronic skill-based game receive differential rewards and penalties based on game play. When a player achieves a rewardable result (e.g., killing another player's game character), a reward quantum may be calculated based on a handicap associated with the player and a handicap associated with at least one other player.

Abstract: A video game is provided in which a player can switch a player character in a battle to an enemy character by a switching operation. With such a switching operation, the player performs the battle with the enemy character. If a predetermined time elapses, the enemy character is switched back to the player character. At this time, an HP of the enemy character reflects on an HP of the player character. If a special ability of the enemy character is used, the special ability is inherited by the player character and can be used in battles thereafter.

Abstract: A game device of a computer game includes plural unit games, each of which can be completed when a requirement for completion is satisfied.

Abstract: The present invention provides a game apparatus, a game progressing method, and a recording medium that remove dissatisfaction of a player generated when an operation is not reflected on a progressing result of a game in spite of the operation being made at an appropriate timing and enhance entertaining potentialities. If an operation instruction on a player character is received from a player, a time period that has elapsed since a previous state has changed to a current state is measured. When the elapsed time is within a predetermined time, allowable actions in the current state and the previous state are inquired. When the elapsed time is not within the predetermined time, allowable actions in the current state are inquire. Based on an inquiry result, it is determined whether the operation instruction from the player is an allowable action.

Abstract: Data communication is carried out with any of other video game processing devices. Commands are distributed to each of other player characters operated by each of other players of the other video game processing devices. Each of the commands causes a predetermined special effect to the player character. A command releasing operation in which by erasing one or more command from the retained commands the one or more command is released is performed at a time when a predetermined releasing condition is satisfied. The released commands are visualized as icons. A distance between each of the released command icons and the player character is determined. The player character is caused to newly retain any of the released commands in the case where it is determined that the player character exists inside a predetermined distance from the released command icon indicating the released command.

Abstract: A system and method for improving musical education through use of a game, is provided. The method includes the steps of: receiving electrical signals associated with a musical piece provided by a user of the game; converting the electrical signals into digital samples; and analyzing the digital samples with use of auxiliary information, for purposes of improving signal analysis accuracy, resulting in determining various parameters of the musical piece provided by the user, wherein the auxiliary information is a-priori data related to at least one element selected from the group consisting of a musical instrument being played, a technical environment, the game, and information regarding the user of the game. Visual and/or audio feedback may also be provided to the user regarding the musical piece that they are providing.

Abstract: Video game systems and methods provide one or more software-based skill adjustment mechanisms for video game systems to adjust a difficulty level of the video games based on an existing skill level or game play of a player. The difficulty level of the video games is adjustable to correspond to an existing skill level of the player for removing digital blocks from a digital matrix, clearing digital complete horizontal lines from the digital matrix and/or avoiding game ending conditions. The difficulty level of the video game may be adjusted to facilitate skill-building game play for the player. The difficulty level of the video games is adjustable during game play that is approaching or leading to a game ending condition via software for one or more primary and/or secondary skill adjustment mechanisms.

Abstract: A multi-level single elimination sports tournament with wagering for a field of players divided into groups of generally equal size. Each group competes within itself in a series of play sequences, such as a series of golf holes. Each play sequence comprises at least one competitive play action toward a goal, such as one or more golf strokes toward a hole. The players wager after each play action on their expected results in the current play sequence. Players are eliminated when they can no longer meet a minimum ante on the next play sequence. A round of the tournament is completed when only a single player remains in each group. The survivors are divided into new groups for another round. This continues until a last round that has only one group. A single winner survives, and is awarded most of the pot.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer readable storage to allow players to wager on video games. The method disclosed herein can allow players to win or lose money while partaking in any video game previously played for entertainment purposes. A player can purchase play time on a game, play the game and earn monetary prizes during the game, and then redeem the monetary prizes for real cash.

Abstract: The game apparatus obtains angular velocity data and acceleration data from an input device equipped with at least an angular velocity sensor and an acceleration sensor, and determines whether or not a ball has been thrown in accordance with the angular velocity data. When it is determined that ball-throwing is fulfilled, the game apparatus calculates the intensity of swinging the input device and a curve amount. The game apparatus applies a force and a curve to a ball in accordance with the calculated intensity of swinging and the curve amount, and performs a process of causing the ball to move and curve in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the gaming system, gaming device, and method disclosed herein maintains a designated award which is associated with a variable score for a skill-based game. In one such embodiment, the gaming system enables a player to play a game, wherein the gaming system forms a score for the player. The player's formed score is based on zero, one or more inputs made by the player during the play of the skill-based game (i.e., which tends to measure one or more aspects of that player's skills). If the player's score does not reach the variable score associated with the designated award, the gaming system modifies the variable score associated with the designated award of that skill-based game. If the player's score reaches or exceeds the variable score associated with the designated award, the gaming system provides the player a designated quantity of opportunities to win the maintained designated award.

Abstract: A computerized wagering game system includes a gaming module comprising gaming code which is operable when executed on to conduct a wagering game on which monetary value can be wagered, and a biofeedback module operable to track at least one biometric characteristic of a game player. The wagering game is further operable to alter presentation of the wagering game based on changes in the at least one biometric characteristic. A mood enhancement module is operable to provide energy to a wagering game player at a frequency designed to provide a mood enhancing effect.

Abstract: There is described an apparatus for a sports game involving movement of a projectile, the apparatus comprising impact sensors for detecting impacts by a player of the sport game or the projectile, the impact sensors being coupled to a processor operable to derive characteristic data for a projectile movement from impacts detected by two or more of the player impact sensors. By monitoring impacts, rather than the movement of the projectile through the air, the apparatus may be both inexpensive and easy to install.

Abstract: An employee incentive game overlies a sales application used with POS terminals. The game includes a back office portion and a front end employee interface portion. The game parameters, which are set up on the back office portion, identify a start time, a stop time, and a predetermined sales item which is the subject of the game. Each time the predetermined item is sold, the selling cashier receives a point. The front end interface portion informs the cashier of the predetermined sales item, identifies the game parameters, and graphically displays a score card whenever prompted to do so. The score card also shows the standings of the other cashiers in the game. The standings are updated in real time via the POS terminal data gathered by the sales application. At the end of the game, the cashier with the most points is recognized.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic game table which has one or more cup stations which contain one or more cups or other containers into which a game ball is meant to be thrown or bounced. The cups are connected to means of extending them through the table. The cups are also connected to means for retracting them below the table when a game ball has entered the cup. Also provided are means for returning the game ball to a designated area when the cup and ball have been retracted. The electronic game table is provided with electronic devices to direct various actions of the table and during game play. The table can be in provided in a plethora of geometric shapes.

Abstract: A gaming machine is provided which includes: an operation sequence table 211 storing an operation sequence in which one or more groups of time-series input timings are associated with operation means to be operated for input by a player based on the group of the input timings; operation instructing means 202 that outputs an operation instruction based on the operation sequence; evaluation means 205 that evaluates a game score based on comparison between the input timings and an operation timings; a criterion table 212 storing a criterion for determining a master level of the player; a master level determining means 203 that determines a master level of the player based on the criterion; and operation sequence changing means 204 that changes a part of at least one group of input timings, in the case where the player has a master level equal to or more than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A method, system and golf ball are provided to determine the deceleration of a golf ball and, in turn, the speed of a green. The system may include a golf ball and an offboard display device. The golf ball may include a golf ball body, a motion sensor disposed within the golf ball body to measure acceleration of the golf ball along each of three mutually perpendicular axes, and a transmitter disposed within the golf ball body to transmit data representative of deceleration. The display device may include a receiver to receive data representative of the deceleration of the golf ball from transmitter and a display to provide a representation of the deceleration of the golf ball. At least one of the golf ball and the display device may include a processor to determine deceleration of the golf ball based upon the acceleration measured by the motion sensor.

Abstract: A gaming system for use with a media player and one or more output devices, where the media player is configured to receive user signals, to read and execute information from a game medium, and to present portions of the information on the one or more output devices. The gaming system includes a remote unit operable by one or more users, including a controller, and a transmitter coupled to the controller. The remote unit also includes a plurality of buttons coupled to the controller, including a first button, and a second button. The controller is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit a first user signal upon actuation of the first button, and a second user signal upon actuation of the second button. The gaming system also includes a game medium having information readable by the media player that, when executed, causes the media player to produce a game having a plurality of scenes.

Abstract: A gaming device including a first player interactive game requiring one or more player inputs which result in an outcome. The outcome does not result in an award provided to the player. In one embodiment, the gaming device determines a paytable employed in the wagering game based on an outcome of the interactive game. In another embodiment, the gaming device includes a plurality of different wagering games. The gaming device determines which wagering game to provide to the player based, at least in part, on the outcome of the interactive game. Other suitable functions can be employed in the wagering game based on the outcome of the interactive game in accordance with the present invention. In any embodiment, the gaming device provides an outcome to the player for the wagering game which can result in an award.

Abstract: A final result determining section determines a final result of a related match which is carried out in parallel with at least a part of a main match in which a target instructed by a game player participates. A main match performing section carries out the main match. An interim result output control section causes an output section to output an interim result of the related match in a case where the main match is being carried out. An interim result determining section determines the interim result of the related match to be output in the case where the main match is being carried out, based on an interim result of the main match and the final result of the related match.

Abstract: A game system displays an operation instruction sign corresponding to each piece of operation timing and an operation reference sign corresponding to current time in a time ordering array along a route in one of operation guide domains, generates a relative displacement according to a time progress of the game such that the operation instruction sign is matched with the operation reference sign in the operation timing, and switches the route in which the relative displacement is generated between the operation guide domains according to a predetermined condition. Also, the game system includes sequence data having operation timing corresponding to one of the operation guide domains and operation timing corresponding commonly to the operation guide domains. And, the game system controls display of the operation instruction sign corresponding to each piece of operation timing such that continuity of the relative displacement is maintained before and after switching of the route.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an amusement device, the amusement device having: a display device rotatably mounted to a structure, the display device being configured to create a plurality of images via a persistence of vision effect; a device for rotating the display device; a sensor for determining whether an object has hit one of the plurality of images; a microcontroller in operable communication with the sensor and the display device, the microcontroller changing the appearance of at least one of the plurality of images when the sensor determines that an object has hit at least one of the plurality of images.

Abstract: A method for playing a video game on a mobile device by starting up the mobile device for enabling the mobile device to select a predetermined game program and to execute the selected game program so that the user can give an instruction to the mobile device by hand gesture, voice or touch control, controlling the processor of the mobile device to run the boosted game program and to display the video on a display screen of the mobile device after a recognition step by comparing the inputted signal with multiple 3D space hand gesture signal data in a database of the mobile device by the processor.

Abstract: Provided is a game system executing a game by performing communication between a plurality of hand-held game apparatuses, each having a display section for displaying an image and an operation section, and a stationary game apparatus. In each of the plurality of hand-held game apparatuses, a plurality of directional signs indicative of operations performed by a player using the operation section is displayed on the display section. Operation data indicative of a content of the operation performed by using the operation section is transmitted to the stationary game apparatus. The stationary game apparatus receives the operation data transmitted from each of the plurality of hand-held game apparatuses. The stationary game apparatus obtains, from sound data storage means storing therein a plurality of pieces of sound data, sound data corresponding to the operation data, and at the same time, outputs a sound based on each piece of the obtained sound data.