Abstract: A single drive mechanism for simultaneously driving plungers of a plurality of metal molds in each of the sections by employing an output cost-efficient electric motor as a mechanism for driving the plungers. The novel plunger drive mechanism makes it possible to correctly and efficiently mold the articles without causing defect even when the glass material is fed in varying amounts into the metal molds. In molding a glass material thrown into the metal molds by moving the plungers forward, a mechanism moves the plungers forward with a predetermined torque and then backward. The mechanism includes a drive motor, a main gear, planetary bevel gears, a first driven wheel member, a second driven wheel member, a first drive pinion, a second drive pinion, a first main drive member, and a second main drive member.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for hardening the gear pockets in a differential case through use of laser energy. As such, each gear pocket is left with a plurality of hardened tracks formed on its wall surface. The laser hardened tracks reduce the damaging effect of any wear condition experienced between the wall surface in the gear pockets and gears rotatably mounted therein.

Abstract: A differential drive has a differential carrier rotatably drivably supported around an axis in a drive housing. Two axle shaft gears are arranged in coaxial bores while being supported around the axis so as to be rotatable relative to the differential carrier. A plurality of differential gears are rotatably supported in axis-parallel cylindrical pockets in the differential carrier and rotate with the differential carrier. A first group of differential gears engage one of the axle shaft gears and a second group of differential gears engage the other one of the axle shaft gears. The axle shaft gears and the differential gears are designed as helical gears. The differential gears, on their tooth heads, rotate in the pockets, and the differential carrier has a central portion with the bores for the axle shaft gears and the pockets for the differential gears. Two cover parts axially close the bores and the pockets.

Abstract: Paired planetary gears 3A, 3B are each provided on one end thereof with a long gear portion 31, on the other end with a short gear portion 32, and a neck portion 33 between the long gear portion 31 and the short gear portion 32. The long gear portion 31 of the planetary gear 3A is in engagement with the short gear portion 32 of the other planetary gear 3B at an inner gear portion 31b and with a gear portion 2a of a side gear 2A at an outer gear portion 31a. The long gear portion 31 of the other planetary gear 3B is in engagement with the short gear portion 32 of the planetary gear 3A at the inner gear portion 31b and with a gear portion 2b of a side gear 2B at the outer gear portion 31a.

Abstract: A differential apparatus (7) comprises: a differential casting (21) rotated by an engine power; a plurality of pinion gears (65, 66) slidably housed in accommodation holes (63, 64) formed in the differential casing; a pair of side gears (35, 37) geared with each other via the pinion gears, two opposing end surfaces thereof being slid relative to each other, either directly or via a thrust washer (61); and a block member (47, 91, 97) interposed between two inner circumferential surfaces of the two side gears so as to center the side gears, respectively. In particular, at least one oil sump (77,) is formed between the block member and the side gears, to supply lubricant to sliding portions between the bolck member (47, 91, 97) and the side gears (35, 37) and between two opposing end surfaces of the two side gears, by a centrifugal force generated by the rotating differential casing.

Abstract: A one-piece differential casing for a parallel-axis differential assembly is provided. The integral casing includes a drum segment defining an internal chamber and a flange segment extending radially from the outer periphery of the drum segment. The casing further includes a window aperture extending through the drum segment that communicates with the chamber, a pair of sockets formed in the axle openings to rotatably support the side gears therein, and paired sets of gear pockets. A set of first pinion pockets are formed as elongated bores which communicate with the internal chamber and have an opening through one end wall of the drum segment. In addition, a set of second pinion pockets are formed as elongated bores which communicate with the internal chamber and have an opening through the opposite end wall of the drum segment. The first and second pinion pockets are arranged in paired sets and each has an axis which is parallel to the axis of the axle openings.

Abstract: An improved gear transmission is disclosed having a constantly variable mechanical advantage. This is accomplished by providing two transmission paths for power transmission between the input and the output of the transmission. The transmission comprises a gear casing, an input shaft rotatably mounted in one end of the gear casing, and an output shaft rotatably mounted in the other end of the gear casing (coaxial to the input shaft). At least one offset shaft is rotatably mounted in the gear casing parallel to the input and output shafts and spaced therefrom. A first sun gear is mounted on the input shaft, and a second sun gear is mounted on the output shaft. A pair of planetary gears is mounted on the offset shaft, and one engages the first sun gear while the other engages the second sun gear.

Abstract: A pressure control system for a differential includes an input member and a pair of output members, a pump disposed to be driven in accordance with the difference between the speed of one of the output members and a reference, a chamber which is supplied by the pump, and at least one bleed passage from the chamber. A piston is responsive to hydraulic pressure in the chamber to operate a brake between the one output member and the reference. The bleed passage includes a plunger which is movable against a resilient bias in response to pressure in the chamber. Flow through the passage is blocked when the pressure on the plunger reaches a set pressure.

Abstract: Principal components of an automobile driving system for a two-wheel drive vehicle including a torque converter, a belt-type variable-speed transmission, a front differential gear, a transmission case containing these components, a front drive shaft included in a transfer unit, a double-pinion planetary gear, a fixed shaft, a first friction coupling element and a second friction coupling element can be used as the principal components of an automobile driving system for a four-wheel drive vehicle. The automobile driving system for a four-wheel drive vehicle can be constructed by additionally incorporating third, fourth and fifth friction coupling elements, a rear differential gear and a power transmitting mechanism for transmitting power to the rear differential gear into the automobile driving system for a two-wheel drive vehicle.

Abstract: A differential apparatus includes a differential casing, a pair of output side gears disposed in the differential casing, a differential mechanism distributing driving force of an engine, a clutch for operatively connecting the differential casing with the axles of the vehicle, an actuator for releasing the clutch from its connecting operation, and an urging member for causing the clutch to connect the differential casing with the axles of the vehicle. When the actuator is inactivated, the urging member serves to attain the connecting operation of the clutch. Therefore, even if the actuator is in a bad condition, four-wheel driving condition of the vehicle can be maintained. Therefore, the differential apparatus allows the vehicle to escape from a bad road.

Abstract: A shaft retention and spacer mechanism, referred to as a button lock assembly, is installed between the ends of the axle shafts within the differential housing of a differential assembly. The end of each axle shaft includes a button-like end pad formed by an annular groove that is adapted to receive a C-clip therein for axially locating and restraining a side gear between the differential housing and the axle shaft. The button lock assembly includes a spacer block having a peripheral flange extending outwardly from its opposite lateral face surfaces so as to define a pair of open-ended retention chambers. The spacer block is disposed between the axle shafts such that the button-like end pads are positioned within the retention chambers. The button lock assembly further includes a lock cap that is secured to the spacer block for enclosing the open end of the retention chambers to surround the end pads.

Abstract: A vehicle, such as a lawn mower or garden tractor, includes an engine attached to a frame. The frame includes several wheels including two driven wheels. A first axle shaft is attached to the first driven wheel. A second axle shaft attached to the second driven wheel. The vehicle has a transmission for transmitting power from the engine to the first axle shaft and the second axle shaft for driving the first and second wheels. The transmission includes a differential for accommodating different lengths of travel between said first wheel and said second wheel, such as when the vehicle makes a turn. The differential includes a ring gear supported by the first axle shaft and the second axle shaft. A first planet gear is supported on the first planet shaft. The first planet shaft is attached to the ring gear. Similarly, a second planet gear supported on a second planet shaft. The second planet shaft is also attached to the ring gear.

Abstract: A compound type planetary gear set lacking ring gears has been applied to a differential limiting apparatus for distributing driving force between left and right wheels of a vehicle. The driving force conveyed from an engine is inputted to a first sun gear through a differential case and dividedly transmitted to a second sun gear through first and second pinions composed of helical gears and to a carrier supporting the first and second pinions, respectively. The driving force conveyed to the second sun gear is transmitted to a left drive axle and the driving force conveyed to the carrier is transmitted to a right drive axle. When slipping occurs in the left or right wheels, the first and second pinions rotate around the first and second sun gears. The helix angles of the first and second pinions produce thrust forces which generate a differential limiting torque between the left and right drive axles.

Abstract: A vehicular driving force distribution apparatus includes a first helical sun gear to which an input torque is applied, a first helical pinion meshing with the first sun gear, a second helical pinion rotating integrally with the first pinion, a second helical sun gear from which an output torque is outputted in mesh with the second pinion, a carrier from which another output torque is outputted. And an initial torque generating apparatus comprises a multiple disc clutch and provides between the second sun gear and the carrier for generating an initial torque as a differential limiting torque in between so as to secure a required driving force even on a very slippery road.

Abstract: Disclosed is a limited slip differential connected to a transmission of a vehicle for distributing torque transmitted from the transmission to first and second drive wheels in accordance with a driving state of the vehicle. The limited slip differential includes a torque distributor for controlling a differential operation which suitably distributes torque of the transmission between the first and second wheels when turning the vehicle, the torque distributor including a torque input member connected to the transmission to receive torque therefrom, a first torque transmitting member transmitting torque from the torque input member to the first drive wheel, and a second torque transmitting member transmitting torque from the torque input member to the second drive wheel.

Abstract: A differential apparatus (7) comprises: a differential casing (21) rotated by an engine power; a plurality of pinion gears (65, 66) slidably housed in accommodation holes (63, 64) formed in the differential casing: a pair of side gears (35, 37) geared with each other via the pinion gears, two opposing end surfaces thereof being slid relative each other, either directly or via a thrust washer (61); and a block member (47, 91, 97) interposed between two inner circumferential surfaces of the two side gears so as to center the side gears, respectively. In particular, at least one oil sump (77, 79; 95; 101) is formed between the block member and the side gears, to supply lubricant to sliding portions between the block member (47, 91, 97) and the side gears (35, 37) and between two opposing end surfaces of the two side gears, by a centrifugal force generated by the rotating differential casing.

Abstract: Power transmitting device wherein power received from drive source (22) through an input member (44) is distributed to two side gears (12, 14) engaging respective pinions (16, 18), so as to permit differential rotation of the side gears, through differential case (10) which houses the side gears and rotatably supports the pinions, and through a partition wall (42) which is interposed between the side gears so as to be rotated with the input member and the differential casing.

Abstract: A differential gear transmitting force from an engine to a pair of wheels, includes a differential gear case receiving driving force of an engine and rotatably driven having a casing body and an end cover, a pair of side gears connected with the wheels respectively, pinion gears having a first gear portion meshed with the side gear and a second gear portion meshed with other pinion gear outside in the axial direction of the side gears, housing holes receiving each pinion gear slidably and rotatably and supporting a whole periphery of the second gear portion of the pinion gear except for a meshing portion meshed with other pinion gear, and a plate member fixed to the casing body and being able to bear the thrust force of the pinion gear.

Abstract: In a parallel-axis differential, at least three pairs of planetary gears are rotatably receiving in a housing. At least three pairs of the planetary gears are arranged in a circumferential direction at intervals. The intervals are different from one another. Each pair of the planetary gears are in engagement with a pair of side gears respectively and also in engagement with each other. A large window opening is formed in a part of a peripheral wall of the housing which part corresponds to large one of the intervals. The large window opening is adapted to allow the passage of lubricating oil.

Abstract: A differential apparatus includes a differential casing, a pair of output side gears, a pair of output shafts connected to the output side gears, four pairs of long and short accommodating bores formed in the differential casing and long and short pinion gears accommodated in the accommodating bores. In arrangement, these pairs of accommodating bores are divided equally in the circumferential direction of the differential casing. The output shafts are prevented from slipping out of the differential casing by C-shaped clips. These accommodating bores are arranged so that, between two neighboring pairs of accommodating bores in the circumferential direction, the short accommodating bore in the one pair adjoins the short accommodating bore of the other pair. The differential casing is provided with an elongated hole which substantially bridges the adjoining short accommodating bores.

Abstract: The invention relates to a torque-splitting gear having a driving shaft and axis-parallel driven pinion shafts running in the same sense which are coupled with each other by toothed wheels. The gear is to be designed in such a way that it can be built up in different dimensions and for different powers while maintaining a great number of its components without change. The coupling between the driving shaft and the main driving toothed wheels is realized by a herringbone gearing. For transmitting great torques the main driving toothed wheels and the pinions on the driven pinion shafts are additionally coupled with each other via intermediate pinions and hollow wheels.

Abstract: A different drive with a differential carrier rotatably supported in a differential housing. The differential drive includes a carrier portion and two cover parts. Two axle shaft gears are coaxially rotatably supported in the differential carrier. The differential drive further includes two sets of differential gears which are slidingly received in axis parallel recesses in a carrier portion. The differential gears are axially supported on the cover parts by spacing journals. The spacing journals ends are provided with supporting discs.

Abstract: A differential apparatus (7) comprises: a differential casing (21) rotated by an engine power; a plurality of pinion gears (65, 66) slidably housed in accommodation holes (63, 64) formed in the differential casing: a pair of side gears (35, 37) geared with each other via the pinion gears, two opposing end surfaces thereof being slid relative to other either directly or via a thrust washer (61); and a block member (47, 91, 97) interposed between two inner circumferential surfaces of the two side gears so as to center the side gears, respectively. In particular, at least one oil sump (77, 79; 95; 101) is formed between the block member and the side gears, to supply lubricant to sliding portions between the block member (47, 91, 97) and the side gears (35, 37) and between two opposing end surfaces of the two side gears, by a centrifugal force generated by the rotating differential casing.

Abstract: In a parallel-axis differential, at least three pairs of planetary gears are rotatably receiving in a housing. At least three pairs of the planetary gears are arranged in a circumferential direction at intervals. The intervals are different from one another. Each pair of the planetary gears are in engagement with a pair of side gears respectively and also in engagement with each other. A large window opening is formed in a part of a peripheral wall of the housing which part corresponds to large one of the intervals. The large window opening is adapted to allow the passage of lubricating oil.

Abstract: A locking differential includes annular friction pack clutch assemblies for normally connecting the drive shaft of a vehicle to a pair of axially aligned driven axle shafts. A pair of clutch members are biased apart by a plurality of spring assemblies exch including a locking pin colinearly arranged relative to a helical spring. At one end, the locking pin is slidably mounted in a corresponding pin bore contained in one face of a first clutch member, the other end of the locking pin extending within an oversized spring bore contained in the opposing face of a second clutch member. The helical spring is mounted in the bottom of the oversized bore and is compressed by the pin when the pin is releasably retained in an extended operable position by a removable fastener member, thereby to compress the friction packs between the clutch members and the adjacent casing internal wall surfaces.

Abstract: A first and a second center washer are interposed between a pair of sun gears received within a housing. A first engagement portion comprising a pair of planetary gears, etc. is disposed on an internal side of the housing. Second engagement portions such as projections, etc. to be engaged with the first engagement portion through a space for play are formed on the two center washers, respectively. One surface of the first center washer is in contact with one surface of the second center washer. The other surface of the first center washer is in contact with an end face of one of the pair of sun gears, whereas the other surface of the second center washer is in contact with an end face of the other sun gear.

Abstract: A differential gear apparatus includes a differential case 21 having casing members 31,33 fixed by a tightening member 35 and driven by an engine to be rotated, side gears 37,39 on the wheel side, pinion gears 57,59 for linking the gears 37,39 with each other, and receiving bores 53,55 formed of first and second wall surfaces 77,79,83,85 which are respectively formed in the casing members 31,33 for receiving the pinion gears 57,59 slidably and rotatably therein, wherein wall surfaces 77,79 occupy semicircles or more of the receiving bores 53,55, and curvatures of the wall surfaces 83,85 are set to be larger than those of the wall surfaces 77,79 and wherein distances between the wall surfaces 83,85 and the pinion gears 57,59 are set to be longer than distances between the wall surfaces 77,79 and the pinion gears 57,59 in contacting areas of respective wall surfaces.

Abstract: A gear for use in automotive differentials and a method for its manufacture in which, initially, the gear teeth are roll-formed in a cylindrical rod workpiece between a pair of toothed dies so that a fissure is created in the top land of each rolled tooth, the roll-forming being continued until (a) the diameter of the top land of each tooth is slightly greater than the desired cylindrical outside diameter of said gear and (b) each fissure is narrowed to form a seam at the top land surface of each tooth. The gears are then further processed in a relatively short machining operation that removes the narrowed seam in the top land of each gear tooth to reduce the depth of the fissure so that the normal force vector of the highest point single tooth loading ("HPSTL") on the gear tooth is directed below the bottom of the fissure.

Abstract: A speed reduction and differential mechanism assembly includes an input shaft; first and second output shafts; a planetary gearset comprising a sun gear, ring gear, carrier and planet gears rotatably supported on the carrier and in continuous meshing engagement with the sun gear and ring gear: and means for shifting the gearset between positions spaced mutually along the input shaft, a first position where the input shaft driveably engages the sun gear, the first and second output shafts driveably engage the carrier and the ring gear is held against rotation; a second position where the input shaft driveably engages the carrier, the sun gear driveably engages the first output shaft, and the ring gear driveably engages the second output shaft.

Abstract: A differential apparatus comprises a differential casing, a pair of helical side gears, and at least one pair of long and short helical pinion gears. The long helical pinion gear includes first and second gear portions and the short helical pinion gear includes first and second gear portions. The apparatus may include gear coupling portions for coupling the first and second gear portions of the long and short helical pinion gears via a long gear shaft or a short gear shaft, respectively. Since the first and second gear portions of the long or short helical pinion gear can be coupled to the long or short gear shaft by use of the common coupling portions, it is possible to obtain a larger or smaller differential limiting force by exchanging the helix angle relationship (thrust directions) of the two helical pinion gears.

Abstract: In a differential gear system disclosed, a pair of sun gears and a plurality of pairs of planetary gears are received in a housing. The pair of sun gears are coaxial with a rotational axis of the housing. End portions of a pair of drive shafts extending through a pair of end walls of the housing are spline-engaged respectively with the pair of sun gears. The pair of sun gears have helical teeth, respectively. Each pair of intermeshing planetary gears are meshed respectively with the helical teeth of the pair of sun gears, respectively. A plurality of washers are interposed between the pair of sun gears. The plurality of washers have first washers and second washers, respectively, which first and second washers are alternately arranged. The first washers are engaged with end portions of reduced diameters of the sun gears such that the first washers are capable of moving axially but incapable of rotation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a differential gear assembly having: a rotatable case; first and second side gears being coaxially supported in the case and connected to first and second output shafts, respectively; at least one pair of first and second pinion gears, the first pinion gear having first and second gear portions, the second pinion gear having third and fourth gear portions, the first and second pinion gears being arranged in parallel to the rotation axis of the case so that the first gear portion is engaged with the third gear portion, the second gear portion is engaged with the first side gear, and that the fourth gear portion is engaged with the second side gear; and a holding member being provided on the case for holding the first and second pinion gears. The first and second pinion gears move with the case around the rotation axis in response to rotation of the case and each of the first and second pinion gears is slidable and rotatable around an axis thereof with respect to the holding member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a differential gear assembly comprising: a case rotatable around a rotation axis in response to a driving force of an engine; first and second side gears coaxially arranged within the case and supported in such a manner that the first and the second side gears are individually rotatable around the rotation axis of the case with respect to the case, the first and the second side gears being adapted to be connected to first and second output shafts respectively; at least one pair of first and second pinion gears each of which has a center axis parallel to the rotation axis of the case, the first pinion gear having first and second gear portions, the second pinion gear having third and fourth gear portions, the first gear portion being engaged with the third gear portion, the second gear portion being engaged with the first side gear, and the fourth gear portion being engaged with the second side gear; and a holding member formed on the case and having a holding bore for holding the first and the th

Abstract: A reversible hand operated rotary power tool contains an internal mechanism for reducing the reaction torque that would otherwise be exhibited directly upon the housing, and hence imposed upon the hand of the operator. The mechanism is bidirectional, and reduces reaction torque to the same extent whether the tool is being operated in a forward direction or in a reverse direction. The mechanism includes a planetary differential mechanism having an input driven from a powered rotor, one separate output that is drivingly coupled to an output shaft, and another separate output that is drivingly coupled to an offset shaft that is laterally offset from the axis of the powered rotor. A lever system is employed to inhibit rotation of the offset shaft in either direction relative to the housing and thereby reduce reaction torque exhibited on the housing.

Abstract: In a planetary differential gear system using helical gears, a clutch is interposed between a carrier for planetary gears and a differential casing, and adapted to be engaged by an axial thrust force produced by a sun gear. First and second axle shafts are provided with splined internal ends which are received in complementary bores of the sun gear and the carrier, respectively. The first axle shaft is received in a bore of the differential casing so as to be freely slidable and rotatable jointly with the sun gear. Therefore, the thrust force produced by the sun gear when a drive input is applied to the differential system can be transmitted to the friction clutch without being obstructed by the friction produced by the splined coupling between the first axle shaft and the sun gear, or disturbed by any unpredictable force of engagement between the first axle shaft and the sun gear.

Abstract: The differential unit includes an input gear for receiving power, a first arrangement of gears for delivering power to a first output gear arrangement, and a second arrangement of gears for delivering power to second and third output gear arrangements. The first arrangement of gears transmits power from the input gear for receiving power to the first output gear arrangement and an input annular ring gear of the second arrangement of gears, and operates as a differential connected between the first output gear arrangement and the input annular ring gear of the second arrangement of gears. The second arrangement of gears transmits power from the input annular ring gear to both the second and third output gear arrangements and operates as a differential connected between the second and third output gear arrangements.

Abstract: Disclosed is a differential gear assembly comprising: a case rotatable around a rotation axis in response to a driving force of an engine; first and second side gears coaxially arranged within the case and supported in such a manner that the first and the second side gears are individually rotatable around the rotation axis of the case with respect to the case, the first and the second side gears being adapted to be connected to first and second output shafts, respectively; at least one pair of first and second pinion gears each of which has a center axis parallel to the rotation axis of the case, the first pinion gear having first and second gear portions, the second pinion gear having third and fourth gear portions, the first gear portion being engaged with the third gear portion, the second gear portion being engaged with the first side gear, and the fourth gear portion being engaged with the second side gear; and a holding member formed on the case and having a holding bore for holding the first and the t

Abstract: A differential for transmitting rotational power to the left and right axles of a vehicle. Loss of adhesion by one drive wheel is countered by the other drive wheel maintaining traction through the independent action of its one-way drive configuration. Differential balance between the two wheels is accomplished by the high feedback forces from the ground overcoming the gear set locking action, thus enabling the wheels to balance the driving torque in the usual manner. If one of the drive wheels loses traction, the differential configuration enables torque to be continuously delivered to the other drive wheel, with no time gap occurring between slippage and delivery of torque to the drive wheel having traction. Inherent in the present invention is a corrective gear ratio bias which counters the effects of torque steer at all speeds and driving conditions. The inventive differential does not use slip clutches, which tend to wear out over time, or complex and costly traction control systems.

Abstract: A speed increasing/decreasing mechanism is interposed between a left-wheel axle and a right-wheel axle. The mechanism is constructed integrally of a speed increasing mechanism and a speed decreasing mechanism. The speed increasing mechanism is adapted to increase a rotational speed of the left-wheel axle and then to output the thus-increased rotational speed to a first intermediate axle. The speed decreasing mechanism, on the other hand, is adapted to decrease a rotational speed of the left-wheel axle and then to output the thus-decreased rotational speed to a second intermediate axle. A first coupling of the variable transmitted torque capacity type is interposed between the first intermediate axle and the right-wheel axle to transmit drive torque therebetween. A second coupling of the variable transmitted torque capacity type is interposed between the second intermediate axle and the right-wheel axle to transmit drive torque therebetween.

Abstract: In the disclosed torque-proportioning type of automotive differential, a parallel-axis planetary gear arrangement interconnects the ends of a pair of coaxial drive axles. The axles are received, respectively, by a pair of sun/side gears having helical teeth and confronting end faces and being interconnected by planetary sets of combination gears. Each combination gear of each planetary set is provided with a narrowed shank portion intermediate two separate and distinct meshing portions in mesh with a respective one of the side gears and/or another combination gear of its respective planetary set. A washer component is positioned with its opposite sides in engagement with the confronting end faces of the side gears and is restrained from rotation by a plurality of radially-extending support regions positioned, respectively, between the shank portions of two combination gears of said planet gear sets.

Abstract: The preferred embodiments of the invention disclose an automotive torque-proportioning differential of the parallel-axis type having two planetary sets of either three or four combination gears in mesh with sun/side gears that receive respective vehicle axle ends. Each respective combination gear in each set is in meshing engagement with both (a) a respective one of the differential's two sun gears and (b) at least one other combination gear of its set. As compared with the planetary gearing of conventional differentials of similar size and torque-proportioning characteristics, the widely-separated sets of planetary gears occupy remarkably less interior space in the housing, permitting (i) the use of unconventionally large housing windows that significantly reduce the weight of the differential and greatly facilitate lubrication of the differential's gearing, and/or (ii) accommodation of C-clip assembly for the axle ends without increasing the exterior dimensions of the differential.

Abstract: A gear set is provided having a plurality of two-stage intermediate gears which do not require indexing on assembly or reassembly of the gear train. This is provided by aligning the two-stage gear teeth in axial alignment tooth for tooth between the stage while maintaining an appropriate number of teeth on the input and output gears.

Abstract: A powered hand-held rotary tool adapted for preventing an externally manifested reaction torque upon the hand of an operator consists of a housing, a rotor adapted to be driven for rotation relative to the housing, and a planetary differential mechanism having a sun gear coaxial with and driven from the rotor, planetary gears, and a ring gear. The ring gear is rotatable relative to the housing. A first output gear is coaxial with the sun gear and rotatably driven by the planetary gears. An additional output gearing is rotatably supported from the housing on an axis that is laterally offset from the axis of the rotor, and is drivingly engaged by the ring gear. Rotation of the additional gearing in one direction relative to the housing is inhibited.

Abstract: A parallel-axis gear differential has pairs of top and bottom planet gears (38 and 40, 42 and 44, and 46 and 48) operatively connecting a pair of side gears (30 and 32). Each of the planet gears has a main gear section (74, 80) and a transfer gear section (76, 82) interconnected by a stem section (78, 84). Teeth (86 and 88) of the side gears (30 and 32) are separated through a clearance space (100) formed by a hub (98) of side gear (32). Within the clearance space (100), teeth (90 and 94) of the main planet gear sections (74 and 80) overlap the side gear teeth (86 and 88). Inner and outer ends (102 and 104) of the side gear teeth (86 and 88) are inclined at a chamfer angle (A) throughout a distance that extends between top and bottom lands (106 and 108) of the side gears.

Abstract: A differential drive has a drivable differential carrier rotatably supported in a differential housing. Two axle shaft gears are rotatably held in cylindrical bores in the differential carrier. The axle shaft gears are coaxially arranged relative to each other. A plurality of differential gears are supported in bores in the differential carrier. The axle shaft gears rotate with the differential gears and are arranged axis-parallel. One group of the differential gears engage one of the axle shaft gears and another group of differential gears engage the other of the axle shaft gears. Each of the one group of the differential gears engage at least one of the other group of differential gears to achieve an uneven torque distribution between the axle shaft gears. Also, both the axle shaft gears have substantially equal rolling circle diameters and equal outer diameters and at least the gears of the one group of differential gears have two axially different regions with different rolling circle diameters.

Abstract: The invention provides a drive train for propelling a vehicle capable of being used for transporting ore, coal or broken rock in underground mining operations. The vehicle has front and rear wheelsets, each comprising a right and left side wheel. The drive train comprises drive apparatus such as an electrically driven motor for delivering torque to at least a front wheel and rear wheel on one side of the vehicle. A torque sharing apparatus in the form of an epicyclic gear arrangement is interposed between the motor and the wheels, and operable to share torque delivered by the motor between the front and rear wheels while permitting them to rotate at different speeds in relation to each other. Front and rear transfer apparatus comprising gear trains co-operating with the epicyclic gear arrangement are provided for transferring torque to the front and rear wheels respectively.

Abstract: A differential apparatus of planetary gear type comprises an internal gear, and a sun gear on the side of an axle. Each of a plurality of pinion-gear sets has an even number of pinion gears rotated in mesh with each other. Ones of the pinion gears on the outside are in mesh with the internal gear, while the remaining pinion gears on the inside are in mesh with the sun gear. A pinion carrier rotatably supports the pinion gears. A torque is inputted from one of the internal gear and the sun gear. A rotating frictional force between the pinion gears on the torque output side and the pinion carrier is reduced less than those of each of the remaining pinion gears.

Abstract: A differential rotary driver includes a power input shaft, a differential gear mechanism arranged coaxial to the power input shaft and having two output gears with mutually opposite rotations, and a housing which rotatably supports both input shaft and differential gear mechanism. The housing also has a rigid, crank-shaped lateral extension portion.Within the lateral extension portion of the housing both a central output shaft and a circumferentially concentric output shaft are rotatably supported on an axis which is laterally offset relative to the axis of the input shaft. Driving gears provided on the two output shafts are driven by corresponding output gears of the differential mechanism.When rotary power is applied between the housing and the power input shaft, an operator holding the housing experiences no reaction torque at any stage of the tightening of a fastener.

Abstract: A differential drive has a drive housing in which a drivable differential carrier (1) is rotatably supported. The differential carrier accommodates straight-toothed and helically toothed output gears (4, 5). The gears (4, 5) are connected to each other via differential gears (12, 13). A first group of differential gears (12) engages one of the output gears (4), with a second group of differential gears (13) engaging the other output gear (5). Each of the differential gears (12) of the one group engage at least one of the differential gears (13) of the other group. The teeth of the output gears (4, 5) are held in cylindrical apertures (6, 7) of the differential carrier (1). Also, the differential carrier, at least at one end, is indirectly supported in the drive housing via one of the output gears (4) or an output shaft (24) connected thereto.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the varying locking rates of a differential gear system has a driven differential cage (1) with two coaxial axle shaft gears (9, 10) retained in cylindrical cavities (7, 8) within the cage. The gears (9, 10) are coupled to each other via groups of compensating gears (11, 12) positioned parallel thereto. Engagement of various compensating gear pairs (11, 12) with both axle shaft gears (9, 10) is sequentially rendered either effective or ineffective, in order to generate a variable, resultant radial and/or tangential force to be applied to the axle shaft gear (9, 10). The force generates a variable frictional force in the support bearings (7, 8) of the axle shaft gears.