Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin. The resin impregnated sheet is formed into a sealing gasket.

Abstract: A carbon-graphite/silicon carbide composite article is provided. The composite article includes a carbon-graphite body intimately bonded to a dense silicon carbide body by a transition/bonding region which links the two bodies. The transition/bonding region between the carbon-graphite body and the silicon carbide body typically includes a layer rich in silicon metal and a small silicon carbide/silicon metal/carbon graphite area where some of the carbon-graphite from the carbon-graphite body has been converted to silicon carbide. The carbon-graphite body may also include a variety of impregnants.

Abstract: A carbon-based composite is made by the steps of(1) impregnating a fibrous material with a phthalonitrile thermoset polymer precursor,(2) curing the product of step (1) to form a fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer and(3) pyrolyzing the product of step (2) to form the carbon-based composite. The carbon-based composite may be made with only one cycle of the steps (1), (2), and (3).

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a taphole mix for use in a molten metal taphole which has improved resistance to both wear and corrosion and enables prolonged tapping of iron and reduces difficult drilling. The taphole mix of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a refractory base material in an amount of 65 to 92 wt % and a binder in an amount of 8 to 35 wt %, the binder consisting of an anhydrous coal tar having a fixed carbon content of 32.5 wt % or above.

Abstract: This pertains to the general field of gels, foams, and aerogels, particularly, to low density open cell organic foams and low density open cell carbon foams, and methods for preparing them. These low density open cell organic foams are derived from organic gels which may be prepared from hydroxylated benzenes (such as phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, and phloroglucinol) and aldehydes (such as formaldehyde and furfural) using lower than conventional catalyst concentrations (e.g, an R/C value of greater than about 1000, yielding an initial room temperature pH typically lower than about 6.0). These organic foams are characterized by relatively large particle and pore sizes, high porosity, and high surface area. Low density open cell carbon foams derived from such organic foams are also shown, as are methods for preparing same. These carbon foams are also characterized by relatively large particle and pore sizes, high porosity, high surface area, and high electrical capacitance.

Abstract: The invention concerns a multi-layer refractory wear body having a wear layer being exposed to a direct thermal, mechanical and/or metallurgical attack, and at least another layer of a ceramic material having different physical properties.

Abstract: Hydrofluoric acid-resistant ceramic mortar compositions containing a hydrofluoric acid-resistant grog having a particle size distribution imparting a high particle packing fraction to the mortar composition and a binding phase containing a metal salt having a particle size distribution imparting plasticity to the mortar composition selected from hydrofluoric acid-insoluble fluoride salts, metal salts capable of forming hydrofluoric acid-insoluble fluoride salts upon reaction with a fluorinating reagent and mixtures thereof. Methods for forming hydrofluoric acid-resistant ceramic mortar compositions from non-fluoride metal salts are also disclosed as well as methods for bonding refractory bricks into a brickwork unit with the ceramic mortars of the invention. Brickwork units prepared using the ceramic mortar compositions of the invention by the methods of the invention are also described.

Abstract: A method of making an aggregate comprising at least a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase is disclosed. The method involves introducing a first feedstock into a first stage of a multi-stage reactor, and introducing a second feedstock into the reactor at a location downstream of the first stage. The first and second feedstock comprise a carbon black-yielding feedstock, and at least one feedstock also comprises a silicon-containing compound. The reactor is operated at a sufficient temperature to decompose the silicon-containing compound and to pyrolize the carbon black-yielding feedstock. An additional method is disclosed which involves making an aggregate comprising a carbon phase and a silicon-containing species phase using multi-stage reactor having at least three stages for introducing a feedstock, wherein at least one of the feedstocks comprises a carbon black-yielding feedstock and wherein at least one of the feedstock comprises a silicon-containing compound.

Abstract: A molten steel pouring nozzle having a bore therethrough, at least a portion of the nozzle forming the bore being comprised of a refractory having calcium zirconate: from 20 to 75 weight %, graphite: from 5 to 30 weight %, and calcium silicide: from 0.5 to 15 weight %.

Abstract: Flexible graphite sheet having embedded ceramic fibers extending from its surfaces into the sheet to increase the permeability of the sheet to resin.

Abstract: A nozzle or tube which is useful for pouring molten metal, especially aluminum killed molten steel. The nozzle is formed from a blend of doloma and graphite which is bonded together in a carbonized matrix. Nozzles or tubes made in accordance with this invention have enhanced thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, the nozzles or tubes of this invention resist the formation of aluminum oxide therein when they are used for pouring molten aluminum killed steel. Consequently, these tubes or nozzles can be used in a continuous casting process for a long period of time without having to periodically stop the procedure and change the tubes as they become blocked with aluminum oxide. As a result of the thermal shock resistance, the usual preheating step prior to contacting the nozzle with the molten metal is greatly reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monolithic refractory comprising 1 to 30 weight parts of pitch having 65 to 90 wt.-% of fixed carbon and a softening point of 250.degree. to 350.degree. C. to form a carbon bond, relative to 100 weight parts of refractory material so as to form carbon bond. The monolithic refractory can contain 0.01 to 0.5 weight parts of carbon fiber. The composition of the invention may be used as any type of monolithic refractory such as gunning material, casting material, in particular, aqueous type casting material, burning type hot repairing mix, mortar, Tamping material, and any basic, neutral, or acid refractory material may be used. The monolithic refractory is capable of solving the drawbacks of the conventional monolithic refractories such as rupture, lack of low shrinkage, low bonding strength, low hot strength, and having both superior strength and superior applicability.

Abstract: A method for making multi-channel structures suitable for use as filters, catalyst carriers or the like. A composite rod comprising an outer shell and an inner core is formed of respective mixtures of powders. The mixture for the outer shell comprises a sinterable powdered structural material such as ceramics, metals, intermetallics, and a powdered binder. The inner core comprises a powdered carbon channel-forming filler material such as graphite or amorphous carbon, and a powdered binder. The composite rod may be deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce its diameter. A bundle of composite rods is assembled and deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce the diameter of the bundle and of its component composite rods. Further bundles of the reduced diameter bundles of composite rods may be likewise deformed by extrusion to reduce further the diameter of the component composite rods of the successive bundles, thereby also increasing the number of such rods per given cross section area of the bundle.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant material contains essentially WC, and 0.1 to 10 weight-%, preferably 0.5 to 5 weight-%, of one or more of the metallic carbides TiC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr.sub.3 C.sub.2, ZrC or combinations thereof or with WC, and either spherical graphite and/or spherical hexagonal BN up to 10 volume-% with a size of about 3 .mu.m or 1-5 weight % of one or more of VN, Ti(C,N), CrN, ZrN. In applications with sliding surfaces, it has been found that the material has surprising results regarding low friction characteristics.

Abstract: A method for making multi-channel structures suitable for use as filters, catalyst carriers or the like.A composite rod comprising an outer shell and an inner core is formed of respective mixtures of powders. The mixture for the outer shell comprises a sinterable powdered structural material such as ceramics, metals, intermetallics, and a powdered binder such as paraffin, wax or polymer. The inner core comprises a powdered channel-forming filler material such as melamine or polymers, or soluble inorganic compounds or a metal that can differentially be removed from the structural material of the shell.The composite rod may be deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce its diameter. In any event, a bundle of composite rods is assembled and deformed, as by extrusion, to reduce the diameter of the bundle and of its component composite rods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid, boron-containing, inorganic oxide resin containing unsaturated organic groups. The resin can additionally comprise the units .brket open-st.M-O.brket close-st., where M can vary from one unit to the next and is selected from Si, Ti, Al, Ba, Zr, Li and Hf. Also disclosed is a process for inhibiting the oxidation of carbon-carbon composites by impregnating the composite with such resins, cross-linking the resin and pyrolyzing to convert the resin to a ceramic material.

Abstract: A self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon-graphite composite material having interconnected pores which may be impregnated, and a raw batch and process for producing the composite material, is provided. The composite material comprises a densified, self-sintered matrix of silicon carbide, carbon-graphite inclusions and small amounts of any residual sintering aids, such as boron and free carbon, and has interconnected pores which may be impregnated with resin, carbon, TEFLON, (polyetrafluoroethylene) metal or other compounds or materials selected for their particular properties to achieve desired tribological characteristics for a specific application. The composite material is produced from a raw batch which includes silicon carbide, sintering aids, a temporary filler and coated graphite particles. The raw batch is then molded/shaped into a green body and heated to carbonize any carbonizable materials and to decompose and volatilize the organic filler to form a matrix of interconnected pores.

Abstract: A process for densifying a porous structure with boron nitride includes placing the porous structure in a borazene precursor of the formula RBNH wherein R is a halogen or hydrogen, heating by induction at a pressure of at least 1.2.times.10.sup.5 Pa and thereby decomposing the precursor to form boron nitride that is deposited within the pores of the porous structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a component for the pouring of steel that has a body (2) of a refractory material containing carbon. It has a layer (10) that covers the body partially or completely and is capable of forming a surface layer (10a) that is oxidized and densified and is impermeable to gases when it is brought to a temperature above 1000.degree. C. The layer (10) is comprised of a refractory material containing sintering precursors chosen in the group consisting of calcined alumina, reactive calcined alumina, silica fumes and clays.

Abstract: A carbon fiber-reinforced carbon composite material is disclosed which includes a matrix of carbon and unidirectionally oriented carbon fibers dispersed in the matrix, wherein the content of the carbon fibers is at least 50% based on the volume of the composite material, wherein the volume of pores having a pore diameter of 10 .mu.m or more is not greater than 5% of the total pore volume of the composite material, and wherein at least 90% of the total pore volume is the volume of open pores. The composite material is obtained by impregnating carbon fibers with a dispersion having a viscosity of 5-50 cP at 25.degree. C. and containing carbonaceous powder with an average particle diameter of smaller than 0.5 .mu.m in an organic solvent solution of a thermosetting resin. After unidirectionally aligning the carbon fibers, the impregnated fibers are molded and cured and then calcined.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon-filled ceramic composite material comprising a ceramic matrix and a carbon domain dispersed therein with a carbon domain diameter of from 0.01 to 30 .mu.m and a carbon domain area ratio of from 5 to 70%; comprising the steps of mixing ceramic powder, sintering aids and a carbon source, calcining the mixture at 300.degree.-600.degree. C., granulating the mixture, molding and sintering.

Abstract: A dense, self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon-graphite composite material and a process for producing the composite material is disclosed. The composite material comprises a silicon carbide matrix, between 2 and 30 percent by weight carbon-graphite, and small amounts of sintering aids such as boron and free carbon. The silicon carbide has an average grain size between 2 and 15 .mu.m, and the carbon-graphite has an average grain size between 10 and 75 .mu.m, the average grain size of the carbon-graphite being greater than the average grain size of the silicon-carbide. The composite material has a density of at least 80 percent of theoretical density as determined by the rule of mixtures for a composite material. This density is achieved with minimal microcracking at a high graphite loading with large graphite particles. The composite material exhibits good lubricity and wear characteristics, resulting in improved tribological performance.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an electrically conductive, dry, refractory ceramic mass based on a refractory oxidic matrix material containing a source of carbon, such as graphite, carbon black or petroleum coke.

Abstract: A spout-filling composition has from about 50% to about 70% by weight magnesium-aluminate spinel aggregate, from about 50% to about 30% by weight quartz sand, and lampblack in an additional amount of from about 0.25% to about 5.00% by weight of the magnesium-aluminate spinel aggregate and quartz sand admixture.

Abstract: A self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon-graphite composite material having interconnected pores which may be impregnated, and a raw batch and process for producing the composite material, is provided. The composite material comprises a densified, self-sintered matrix of silicon carbide, carbon-graphite inclusions and small amounts of any residual sintering aids, such as boron and free carbon, and has interconnected pores which may be impregnated with resin, carbon, TEFLON, metal or other compounds or materials selected for their particular properties to achieve desired tribological characteristics for a specific application. The composite material is produced from a raw batch which includes silicon carbide, sintering aids, a temporary filler and coated graphite particles. The raw batch is then molded/shaped into a green body and heated to carbonize any carbonizable materials and to decompose and volatilize the organic filler to form a matrix of interconnected pores.

Abstract: A founder's black for producing mould coatings is disclosed, whose main component consists of finely ground refractory to highly refractory inorganic materials. The black wash contains 1 to 40% by weight inorganic hollow spheres, in relation to the ready-to-use black wash. It may further contain 0.1 to 10% by weight of inorganic or organic fibers, in relation to the ready-to-use mould coating. The hollow spheres are preferably filled with an inert gas. They may consist of oxides such as aluminium oxide, quartz, magnesite, mullite, chromite, zircon oxide and/or titanium oxide, or borides, carbides and nitride such as silicium carbide, titanium carbide, or carbon, glass or metals, or mixtures thereof. The fibres have 1 to 30 .mu.m diameter, preferably 3 to 10 .mu.m and 10 to 5000 .mu.m length, preferably 100 to 500 .mu.m length.

Abstract: A composition and process are disclosed for constructing a diesel engine element, such as for example, a valve guide which will withstand the friction of various tribological locations in a diesel engine when operating the engine at elevated temperatures and/or on alternative fuels. The composition is one of a glass,glass-ceramic, and mixtures thereof matrix having graphite particles. In the process, a unitary element is formed from the mixture and thereafter is sintered for a time and temperature sufficient to obtain a preselected density.

Abstract: A composite material includes boron carbide and titanium diboride in a volume ratio B.sub.4 C/TiB.sub.2 of from 90:10 to 10:90 parts and a proportion of elemental carbon greater than 2% by weight up to a maximum of 50% by weight, based on the boron carbide content. The composite material has a density greater than 92% TD, a hardness HK 0.1 greater than 2300, a four-point flexural strength greater than 400 MPa and a fracture toughness greater than 3.5 MPa.sqroot.m. The composite material is suitable for producing wear-resistant components or cutting tools.

Abstract: Superior microwave transparent thermal insulations for high temperature microwave sintering operations were prepared. One embodiment of the thermal insulation comprises granules of boron nitride coated with a very thin layer of glassy carbon made by preparing a glassy carbon precursor and blending it with boron nitride powder to form a mixture. The blended mixture is granulated to form a grit which is dried and heated to form the granules of boron nitride coated with a glassy carbon. Alternatively, grains of glassy carbon are coated with boron nitride by blending a mixture of a slurry comprising boron nitride, boric acid binder, and methyl alcohol with glassy carbon grains to form a blended mixture. The blended mixture is dried to form grains of glassy carbon coated with boron nitride. In addition, a physical mixture of boron nitride powder and glassy carbon grains has also been shown to be an excellent thermal insulation material for microwave processing and sintering.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite material, comprising dispersing a short fibrous bundle of carbon fibers which comprises a plurality of single fibers, preparing a sheet in which fibers are in the two-dimensional random orientation, impregnating with a resin or pitch, laminating and molding, and then applying a baking and densifying treatment, a dispersion degree of the bundle of carbon fibers being controlled based on the formula (1) expressing correlation between the dispersion degree of the bundle of carbon fibers and the mechanical strength of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material:Dispersion degree=A-B.times.coefficient of friction (1)wherein A and B are constants determined experimentally, to produce a carbon fiber reinforced carbon composite material having desired mechanical characteristic.

Abstract: This invention provides a shaped ceramic composite article comprising ceramic oxide fiber(s), a first coating comprising a carbonaceous matrix which includes boron nitride particles in contact therewith, and a second coating comprising silicon carbide. The inventive composite article is useful in applications requiring good heat resistance and mechanical properties, such as gas fired radiant burner tubes, gas burner nozzle liners, heat exchangers, thermowells, core busters or flame dispersers, and other gas fired furnace components.

Abstract: A silicon carbide ceramic body having a high degree of lubricity as a result of large graphite inclusions in the body. The graphite inclusions have an average size of at least about 100 micrometers. The graphite-loaded silicon carbide component is preferably formed by spray drying graphite particles independent of the silicon carbide, blending the graphite agglomerates and silicon carbide to form a raw batch, forming the raw batch into a green body, and sintering the green body to produce a graphite-loaded silicon carbide ceramic body having good density and good strength.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced ceramic composite material exhibiting high tensile strength, high fracture toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance is produced by simultaneously depositing a thin coating layer of refractory metal carbide with fugitive carbon onto the fiber reinforcement prior to the subsequent densification with the ceramic matrix. The energy behind propagating matrix cracks in the resulting composite material are effectively dissipated by crack deflection/branching, fiber debonding and frictional slip through the relatively weak and compliant fiber coating layer. These energy release and arrest mechanisms sufficiently impede the driving force behind unstable crack propagation and render the cracks non-critical, thereby serving to blunt and/or divert propagating matrix cracks at or around the reinforcing fiber.

Abstract: A slurry for joining metallic or ceramic surfaces or for coating metallic or ceramic and refractory surfaces, comprising a liquid suspending medium and at least two constituents in particulate form suspended in the medium, the constituents being so selected and proportioned as to undergo combustion synthesis when ignited. A method for coating or joining metallic or ceramic surfaces comprises applying such a slurry to a surface to be coated or to surfaces to be joined, and igniting the slurry to cause combustion synthesis.

Abstract: A class of nanocomposite amorphous materials consisting of interpenetrating random networks of predominantly sp.sup.3 bonded carbon stabilized by hydrogen, silicon stabilized by oxygen, and, optionally, random networks of metal elements from groups 1-7b and 8b of the periodic table.

Abstract: An adhesive composition for joining carbon--carbon composites comprising a polymeric thermosetting polysilazane, a ceramic powder, silicon powder, and carbon powder. The invention also comprises the method of making carbon--carbon composite structures utilizing such adhesive composition and to the resultant products.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced ceramic-matrix composite material exhibiting high tensile strength, high fracture toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance is produced by alternatively depositing multiple thin layers of ceramic material separated by very thin intermediate layers of fugitive carbon onto the fiber reinforcement prior to the subsequent densification with the ceramic matrix. The energy behind propagating matrix cracks in the resulting composite material are effectively dissipated by the progressive increase in crack deflection/branching and frictional slip through the successive ceramic layers of the multilayer fiber coating system. These energy release and arrest mechanisms sufficiently impede the driving force behind unstable crack propagation and render the cracks non-critical, thereby serving to blunt and/or divert propagating matrix cracks at or around the reinforcing fiber.

Abstract: A synthetic forsterite-rich refractory sand composition for use as a taphole nozzle refractory sand for a sliding gate system of a steel ladle, the synthetic forsterite-rich sand composition including a mixture, the mixture including: a) a carbon bridging agent, the carbon bridging agent being present in the mixture in a proportion of from 5 to 15 percent by weight of the mixture; and b) a synthetic forsterite-rich sand, the synthetic forsterite-rich sand being free-flowing, having a MgO:SiO.sub.2 weight ratio of at least 1.2, a specific gravity of approximately 3 g/cm.sup.3, a void volume of less than approximately 50 percent by volume of the synthetic forsterite-rich refractory sand, and a fusion point of at least 1610.degree. C. At least 50 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is forsterite; and from 8 to 27 percent by weight of the synthetic forsterite-rich sand is maghemite.

Abstract: A dense, self-sintered silicon carbide/carbon-graphite composite material and a process for producing the composite material is disclosed. The composite material comprises a silicon carbide matrix, between 2 and 30 percent by weight carbon-graphite, and small amounts of sintering aids such as boron and free carbon. The silicon carbide has an average grain size between 2 and 15 .mu.m, and the carbon-graphite has an average grain size between 10 and 75 .mu.m, the average grain size of the carbon-graphite being greater than the average grain size of the silicon carbide. The composite material has a density of at least 80 percent of theoretical density as determined by the rule of mixtures for a composite material. This density is achieved with minimal microcracking at a high graphite loading with large graphite particles. The composite material exhibits good lubricity and wear characteristics, resulting in improved tribological performance.

Abstract: A process for heating a ceramic shaped part by providing a ceramic shaped part which at ambient temperature has a homogeneously distributed carbon skeleton, and heating the shaped part inductively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric boro- and aluminosilazanes corresponding to the general formula[(SiL.sub.2).sub.a (AlL.sub.2).sub.1-a L.sub.2 ].sub.xand[(SiL.sub.2).sub.a (BL).sub.1-a L.sub.2 ].sub.x,whereina=0-1whereinL means half a bridging --NR-group, or an organoamino (--NR) group, when L is attached to a silicon or aluminum atom, and wherein L means a hydrogen atom, half a bridging --NR-- group or an organoamino (--NR) group, when L is attached to a boron atom,in which each silicon and aluminum atom is triply coordinated by four nitrogen atoms and each boron atom by at least two nitrogen and at most one hydrogen atom, a process for the preparation of these polymers and their use as precursor compounds for ceramic high performance materials.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a novel method of manufacturing a composite body. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for modifying the resultant properties of a composite body, by, for example, minimizing the amount of porosity present in the composite body. Moreover, additives, whether used alone or in combination, (1) can be admixed with the permeable mass, (2) can be mixed or alloyed with the parent metal, (3) can be placed at an interface between the parent metal and the preform or mass of filler material, (4) or any combination of the aforementioned methods, to modify properties of the resultant composite body. Particularly, additives such as VC, NbC, WC, W.sub.2 B.sub.5, TaC, ZrC, ZrB.sub.2, SiB.sub.6, SiC, MgO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, HfO.sub.2, ZrSiO.sub.4, Yb.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Mo.sub.2 B.sub.

Abstract: Ceramic precursor materials bound together by a product of a condensation reaction between a first reactant that has at least one reactive hydroxyl moiety, such as a carbohydrate, and a second reactant that has at least one reactive nitrogen-containing moiety, such as melamine, and dried or dried and calcined, form porous aggregates that resist crushing or disintegration during processing through various reactor apparatus.

Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced silicon nitride based nanocomposite material is produced by mixing a powder mixture of silicon nitride powders (with or without alumina powders), and fine silicon carbide powders, with a solution of a preceramic polymer containing silicon and nitrogen, to form a solution for impregnation, by passing carbon fibers through the solution to produce a mass of impregnated carbon fibers, forming the mass to a desired shape and by sintering in an inert atmosphere. Ultra-high strength and toughness are produced due to reinforcement by nanocompositization of the matrix phase, that by dispersion of fine particles and that by long carbon fibers, part of matrix phase is generated by thermal cracking of preceramic polymer.

Abstract: A dry vibratable substantially alkali free refractory composition is disclosed for use as a disposable liner wherein the combination of a powdered metal utilized as a high temperature binder and an organic material utilized as a low temperature binder obviates the use of alkali oxides which previously caused degradation of the permanent refractory liner materials upon which the disposable lining was placed. Low density materials such as expanded inorganic materials can be added to the disclosed compositions to decrease the density. The invention also relates to a method of providing a disposable lining in a vessel having a permanent refractory lining, and to the resulting vessel thereof.

Abstract: A composite silicon nitride sintered body formed of silicon nitride as a matrix and silicon carbide having particle sizes of 5 to 500 nm as a phase dispersed in the sintered body, wherein the total amount of dispersed silicon carbide is 1 to 40% by volume based on the sintered body, the proportion by volume of the silicon carbide dispersed in the silicon nitride particles is 5 to 99% based on the total amount dispersed, the remainder being present only in the grain boundary of the silicon nitride, and a process for producing a silicon nitride composite sintered body which includes the steps of adding a sintering aid to amorphous composite powders as starting materials consisting of silicon, nitrogen and carbon to form a green compact; firing the green compact in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1350.degree. to 1650.degree. C. as the primary sintering; firing the same at 1600.degree. to 1900.degree. C. as the secondary sintering; and firing the same at 1800.degree. to 2200.degree. C.

Abstract: A plastically deformable mixture and method for making a body from the mixture are disclosed. The mixture is composed of powder materials, which when fired form as predominant phases: ceramic, glass-ceramic, glass, and combinations thereof, 0 to an effective amount of burnout agent, water, organic binder which can be cellulose ether, cellulose ether derivatives or combinations thereof, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic additives, to increase the wettability and/or lubricity of the mixture. One advantageous composition for ram extrusion is composed of ceramic-forming powders, water, and in percent by weight based on the powders, about 2% to 8% organic binder which can be methylcellulose, methylcellulose derivatives, and combinations thereof, about 0.3% to 1.0% sodium stearate, and about 0.5% to 2.0% oleic acid.

Abstract: This invention provides a shaped ceramic composite article comprising ceramic oxide fiber(s), a first coating comprising a carbonaceous matrix which includes boron nitride particles in contact therewith, and a second coating comprising silicon carbide. The inventive composite article is useful in applications requiring good heat resistance and mechanical properties, such as gas fired radiant burner tubes, gas burner nozzle liners, heat exchangers, thermowells, core busters or flame dispersers, and other gas fired furnace components.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel composite material consisting of carbon as the matrix phase and particles of silicon carbide having an acicular or needle-like particle configuration uniformly and isotropically dispersed in the matrix phase as the reinforcing dispersed phase, in which the needle-like silicon carbide particles are formed by the in situ crystal growth from particles of .beta.-silicon carbide in a shaped body of a powder blend consisting of particles of carbon and the powder of .beta.-silicon carbide with further admixture of boron or a boron compound which promotes crystal growth of silicon carbide to have an acicular particle configuration.

Abstract: An inorganic fiber sinter consists essentially of (a) an inorganic substance (I) selected from the group consisting of (i) an amorphous substance consisting essentially of Si, M, C and O, (ii) an agglomerate consisting essentially of crystalline ultrafine particles of .beta.-SiC, MC, a solid solution of .beta.-SiC with MC and/or MC.sub.1-x, and amorphous SiO.sub.2 and MO.sub.2, and (iii) a mixture of the above amorphous substance (i) and the agglomerate (ii), and (b) an inorganic substance (II) selected from the group consisting of (iv) an amorphous substance consisting essentially of Si, M and O, (v) a crystal agglomerate consisting essentially of crystalline SiO.sub.2 and MO.sub.2, and (iv) a mixture of the amorphous substance (iv) and the crystal agglomerate (v), wherein M is Ti or Zr and x is a number of more than 0 to less than 1.